CN106595541B - A kind of measuring device and its measurement method - Google Patents
A kind of measuring device and its measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106595541B CN106595541B CN201510665791.4A CN201510665791A CN106595541B CN 106595541 B CN106595541 B CN 106595541B CN 201510665791 A CN201510665791 A CN 201510665791A CN 106595541 B CN106595541 B CN 106595541B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring devices, it is characterised in that: measuring device is formed by connecting by hanging wire slot, single-point suspending pedestal, the stay wire displacement sensor to connect with pedestal and data storage, and pedestal is equipped with line-hanging structure group；One end of pedestal is equipped with fixed mechanism, and fixed mechanism forms with foundation bolt and the shop bolt matched with foundation bolt；Line-hanging structure group is made of 3 line-hanging structures, and 3 line-hanging structures are linked to be a triangle, is equipped with stay wire sensor pull wire head at the circumcentre of a triangle, stay wire sensor pull wire head is connected with stay wire displacement sensor.Measuring device equipment of the present invention is simple, small in size, and total quality is less than 4KG, while measurement accuracy is high, reaches 1mm/m, and easy to operate, production cost is low, and manufacturing process is simple, convenient for promoting the use of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of ship and offshore equipment gathering pipe, specifically a kind of to be used for ship and marine worker
Equipment builds the measuring device and its measurement method of live school pipe when block closes up.
Background technique
Ship and offshore equipment construction precision control technology are continuously improved, but due to piping zero when segmentation/block closes up
Part exist manufacture and installation process cumulative errors, there are a large amount of piping Chang Wufa docking, be frequently encountered must at the scene into
Then the pipe of row setting-out production manufactures gathering pipe and is attached.Current Domestic shipyard is divided into following methods:
Conventional on-site check method: it treats gathering pipe and draws a design and flange matching, and flange electric welding will be matched with angle bar
Positioning, in this, as the dimension model part of gathering pipe processing.Then model element is transported on pipeline processing platform, measurement model
The relative position of two matching flanges on part, then straight tube processing, bend pipe processing and flange are carried out by the experience of oneself by worker
Assembly, and constantly straight tube and bend pipe are cut or replaced according to the actual situation in assembling process, in each junction
Cooperation is suitable to start formal welding again.
Three shaft mechanical arm measure devices: mechanical arm is fixed near flange to be measured, is then needed respectively with mechanical arm measure
Two flanges of connection, determine the space coordinate of two flanges, carry the generation of software digital simulation by it and close up tube shape simultaneously
Construction drawing is exported, which haves the shortcomings that cost is high, volume is big, it is inconvenient to carry.
Single-point hanging rotary bracing wire measuring device: the measuring device is hung on benchmark flange bolt hole, using survey
Azimuth, the elevation angle, distance are measured, determines the principle of the space coordinate of flange to be measured, is remembered by stay wire sensor, angular transducer etc.
Data are recorded, tube shape is then closed up by its included software digital simulation generation and export construction drawing, are passed due to being equipped with angle
Sensor is inevitably present error when angle measurement, therefore measurement accuracy is restricted.
Three bracing wire measuring devices of two fixed formula: the measuring device is fixed on above benchmark flange, bracing wire measurement one
A little to three point distances in plane outside straight plane, the space of points coordinate can be solved, data are recorded by stay wire sensor, so
Close up tube shape by its included software digital simulation generation afterwards and export construction drawing.Two fixed formula bracing wire rocker-arm measurement
Device: two fixed formula single stay rocker-arm device measurement is consistent with three anchoring basic principle of measurement of two fixed formula,
Only three bracing wires are simplified to the form that a bracing wire adds rocker arm.Above two measuring device has that cost is high, volume is big, nothing
Method adapts to the shortcomings that small-bore flange.
In conclusion the generally existing cost of measuring device in the prior art is excessively high, volume is bigger than normal, complicated scarce
Point reduces cost, miniaturization, lightweight, simplifies structure just at the developing direction of measuring device.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved measuring device and its measurement methods, it can overcome in the prior art
Measurement accuracy is low, at high cost, complicated some shortcomings.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme is that a kind of measuring device, it is characterised in that: the survey
Amount device is formed by connecting by hanging wire slot, single-point suspending pedestal, the stay wire displacement sensor to connect with pedestal and data storage,
Pedestal is equipped with line-hanging structure group；
Further, one end of pedestal is equipped with fixed mechanism, and the fixed mechanism is by foundation bolt and and foundation bolt
The shop bolt matched cooperates；
Further, the line-hanging structure group is made of 3 line-hanging structures, and 3 line-hanging structures are linked to be a triangle
Shape is equipped with stay wire sensor pull wire head, the stay wire sensor pull wire head and bracing wire displacement sensing at the circumcentre of a triangle
Device is connected.
A kind of measurement method of measuring device, it is characterised in that: the measurement method includes the following steps: a, passes through base
Seat bolt bracing wire measuring device is tentatively fixed on a bolt of benchmark flange, hanging wire slot be installed to aforementioned bolt to point
On bolt；
B, pull wire head is pulled out from stay wire sensor pull wire head, pull wire head is hung in the hanging wire slot of benchmark flange, in method
Orchid faces angle of field assistant's turn moving base, so that bracing wire is overlapped with reference line in school and screwed in place pin, completes to lieutenant colonel
Core and pedestal are fixed, and are to be set as O point by stay wire sensor pull wire head position, and three are respectively arranged at stay wire sensor
Line-hanging structure around pull wire head is respectively A, B, C point；
C, pull wire head is resetted, hanging wire slot is fixed on a bolt point P of flange to be measured,
Again pull wire head is pulled out from stay wire sensor pull wire head, across the line-hanging structure of A point, hangs over the extension of flange to be measured
In wire casing, the record of a bracing wire length 0A+PA is completed；
D, similarly sequence counter-clockwise completes second and third time bracing wire length, completes the record of 0B+PB and 0C+PC；
E, it will be calculated after the data recorded three times export, it is opposite with the space between flange to be measured to calculate benchmark flange
Position is calculated to all possible arrangement of gathering pipe, and most short etc. principles of, shape line optimal according to bent angle choose optimal pipe
Road shape.
In use, the present invention is divided into interior suspension type and outer suspension type, it is respectively used to the measurement of heavy caliber and small-bore flange.
Pedestal: being hung on the bolt hole (pull wire head is placed in inside flange circle) of benchmark flange by interior suspension type, and bracing wire simultaneously hangs pull wire head
Enter benchmark end face of flange on the hanging wire slot of screw hole, manually adjust pedestal, be overlapped bracing wire with reference line in school, tightens fixed four
A pin is completed centering and is checked.A point for measuring tested flange, need to be by bracing wire three times and hanging wire, and each bracing wire is general
Hanging wire hole on one pedestal, pull wire head are linked into tested flange hanging wire slot, can measure distance values, can wait closing with rapid survey
Hold together the relative space position of pipe flange,
The distance values measured are converted into digital signal, pass through the defeated of the stay wire displacement sensor of wireless data transmission
Out, computer software kit in cloud receives data, remotely controls using computer or mobile phone software kit and realizes that cloud adapter tube is automatic
Fitting and out figure, the data that can also be measured stay wire displacement sensor by data line export, and be then introduced into computer
Take over fitting.PDA data storage can also be run complicated compared with mathematical computations, realization three-dimensional as measuring terminals equipment
Model and matched machining sketch chart.
Therefore, compared with prior art, the present invention there are following advantages:
1: measuring device equipment of the present invention is simple, small in size, and total quality is less than 4KG.
2: measuring device accuracy of the present invention is high, reaches 1mm/m.
3: measurement data can be wirelessly transmitted to cloud computer by measuring device of the present invention, pass through the remote of mobile phone or computer
Process control and operation realize cloud data transfer of computer, adapter tube automatic Fitting and go out to scheme, have collection in worksite data, office
The synchronous function of obtaining data information in room.
4: measuring device production cost of the present invention is low, manufacturing process is simple, convenient for promoting the use of.
5: being adapted to small-bore flange, minimum can be used for latus rectum 15mm standard pipe, flange bolt pitch-row 55mm.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention flange to be measured.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram after tubulation of the present invention connection.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the another structural schematic diagram of measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 5-Fig. 7 is the basic principle of measurement schematic diagram of measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 8-Figure 12 is the interior suspension type measuring process schematic diagram of measuring device of the present invention.
Figure 13-Figure 17 is the outer suspension type measuring process schematic diagram of measuring device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Label in each attached drawing is expressed as follows: 1 pedestal, 2 line-hanging structures, 3 shop bolts, 4 foundation bolts, 5 tapered cup nuts,
Reference line, 7 stay wire displacement sensors, the pull wire head of 8 stay wire sensors, 9 hanging wire slots, 10 data storages, 11 data in 6 schools
Transmission line, 12 flanges, 13 flange P points to be measured, 14 flange center of circle O ' ' to be measured, 15 benchmark flange center of circle O '.
A kind of measuring device of the present invention, difference with the prior art are: the measuring device is by hanging wire
Slot, single-point suspending pedestal, the stay wire displacement sensor to connect with pedestal and data storage are formed by connecting, and pedestal, which is equipped with, to be hung
Cable architecture group；One end of pedestal is equipped with fixed mechanism, what the fixed mechanism was matched by foundation bolt and with foundation bolt
Shop bolt cooperates；The line-hanging structure group is made of 3 line-hanging structures, and 3 line-hanging structures are linked to be a triangle,
Stay wire sensor pull wire head, the stay wire sensor pull wire head and stay wire displacement sensor phase are equipped at the circumcentre of a triangle
Even.
Further, the pedestal is in T font, is formed by connecting by lateral pedestal and longitudinal pedestal, is set on lateral pedestal
There is reference line in lateral school, longitudinal pedestal is equipped with reference line in longitudinal school vertical with reference line in lateral school；3 hanging wire knots
Structure is arranged in T font, and two of them line-hanging structure is set in lateral school on reference line, and a line-hanging structure is set to longitudinal school
On middle reference line, stay wire sensor pull wire head is set to the crosspoint of reference line and reference line in lateral school in longitudinal school.
The line-hanging structure is equipped with a hanging wire hole, and the side in hanging wire hole is equipped with an open slot, described open slot one end
It is connected with hanging wire hole, the other end is connected with the lateral wall of line-hanging structure.The hanging wire hole is rounded, triangle, ellipse or
Person is rectangular.
Further, foundation bolt is set to the side of pedestal, which matches with the first tapered cup nut, base
The other side of seat is set there are four shop bolt.The hanging wire slot side is equipped with a hanging wire bolt, the hanging wire bolt and the second cone
Shape nut matches.
A kind of measurement method of measuring device, difference with the prior art are: the measurement method includes as follows
Step: a, bracing wire measuring device is tentatively fixed on a bolt of benchmark flange by foundation bolt, hanging wire slot is installed to
Aforementioned bolt on bolt；
B, pull wire head is pulled out from stay wire sensor pull wire head, pull wire head is hung in the hanging wire slot of benchmark flange, in method
Orchid faces angle of field assistant's turn moving base, so that bracing wire is overlapped with reference line in school and screwed in place pin, completes to lieutenant colonel
Core and pedestal are fixed, and are to be set as O point by stay wire sensor pull wire head position, and three are respectively arranged at stay wire sensor
Line-hanging structure around pull wire head is respectively A, B, C point；
C, pull wire head is resetted, hanging wire slot is fixed on a bolt point P of flange to be measured,
Again pull wire head is pulled out from stay wire sensor pull wire head, across the line-hanging structure of A point, hangs over the extension of flange to be measured
In wire casing, the record of a bracing wire length 0A+PA is completed；
D, similarly sequence counter-clockwise completes second and third time bracing wire length, completes the record of 0B+PB and 0C+PC；
E, it will be calculated after the data recorded three times export, it is opposite with the space between flange to be measured to calculate benchmark flange
Position is calculated to all possible arrangement of gathering pipe, and most short etc. principles of, shape line optimal according to bent angle choose optimal pipe
Road shape.
In b step, stay wire sensor pull wire head is provided with two ways, respectively interior suspension type and outer suspension type；It is interior outstanding
It is hanging, by stay wire sensor pull wire head Primary Location inside the flange circle of benchmark flange, stay wire sensor pull wire head and benchmark
The distance between hanging wire slot is less than flange diameter of a circle on flange；Outer suspension type, will be by stay wire sensor pull wire head Primary Location
Outside the flange circle of benchmark flange, the distance between hanging wire slot is greater than flange circle in stay wire sensor pull wire head and benchmark flange
Diameter.
A kind of measuring device of the present invention, its characteristics are as follows: first, by foundation bolt and four shop bolts,
It can be realized single-point suspension to fix, pedestal will not generate corner displacement around hitch point after fixing；Second, devise reference line in school
With the calibration method of bracing wire centering, it can be realized dress and positioned to the flange center of circle；Third, a line are drawstring through line-hanging structure and hang
Measurement is realized on hanging wire slot；4th, using three line-hanging structures, instead of certain measuring device upper rocker arms；5th, with other
Single-point suspension measuring device is compared, and is not needed angular transducer and is carried out data acquisition and record；6th, it increases data and wirelessly passes
Defeated device and software kit are controled and operated by mobile phone or the long-range of computer, realize that cloud data transfer of computer, adapter tube are quasi-
It closes and goes out to scheme.
In an implementation, pedestal 1 is measuring device rack construction；Line-hanging structure 2 is for measuring hanging wire；Shop bolt 3 is used for
Fixed pedestal；Foundation bolt 4 and tapered cup nut 5 are for connecting benchmark flange；Reference line 6 is directed at base for this measuring device in school
The quasi- flange center of circle (also referred to as centering)；The stay wire displacement sensor 7 and stay wire sensor pull wire head 8 of wireless data transmission are used for bracing wire
Measure length and data transmission；Hanging wire slot 9 is for fixing stay wire sensor pull wire head 8.
Further, each line-hanging structure 2 is hung by oval hanging wire hole and groove at side surface structure composition, or by triangle
String holes and groove at side surface structure composition.
It further, can including data wireless transport module and battery in the stay wire displacement sensor 7 of wireless data transmission
Data are transmitted directly to cloud computer by WiFi, cloud computer has related software kit, may be implemented mobile phone or
The long-range control of computer.
Further, PDA data storage 10 and data line 11 read and deposit for connecting stay wire displacement sensor 7
Data are stored up, it can also be to the power supply of stay wire displacement sensor 7 and charging of wireless data transmission.
Fig. 5-Fig. 7 show measuring principle schematic diagram, for solving flange P point to be measured, it is known that three point A, B in plane,
C, coordinate are respectively A(r, 0,0), B(0, r, 0), C(-r, 0,0), outer point P, the P point of plane to distance PA=a, the P point of A point to B
Distance PB=b, the distance PC=c of P point to C point of point solve P(x, y, z) coordinate value.Three can be measured by bracing wire hanging wire three times
A bracing wire length, first time bracing wire length=0A+PA, the second bracing wire length=0B+PB, third time bracing wire length=0C+PC.Wherein,
Make 0A=0B=0C=r when making pedestal, therefore the space coordinate of P point can be found out, specific algorithm is as follows:
Following three equation can be obtained by two o'clock range formula:
By (3)-(1), obtain
By (1)-(2), obtain
By (1)+(2)+(3), obtain
(4) and (5) are substituted into (6), are acquired
(7) abbreviation obtains
The Q point and M point in Flange Plane to be measured can also similarly be found out.
Tri- space of points coordinate of P, Q, M on flange to be measured is found out, coordinate value of the flange center of circle to be measured with respect to O point can be calculated
The coordinate value of flange center of circle O ' ' relative datum flange center of circle O ' to be measured can be solved by coordinate translation formula with method phase vector
With method phase vector, artificial to setOn corner position (i.e. O ' Z1Distance), specified processing angle, chamfering etc.
Data can solve adapter tube fitting routines by vector operation.
By (9)-(12) formula, Z can determine by vector calculus2、T2Point coordinate, i.e.,
In Fig. 7, if a point Z on O ' Z ' axis1To Z2Point distance, Z1Any point T on to O ' ' Z ' ' axis1Point distance, straight lineWith straight lineAngle be, straight lineWith straight lineAngle be.?WithUsing the cosine law, in triangle Z1Z2T2And triangle T1T2Z2Using hook stock
Theorem obtains:
It is added, is obtained by (13) two formulas:
So as long as given Z1Point coordinate, L, angle, can be in the hope of T1Point coordinate, to acquire connection trajectory line
(broken line O ' Z1T1O ' '), last set chamfer radius calculates chamfering.It is many that known two straight lines open chamfering algorithm, answers herein
Vector calculating solves the center of circle and point of contact coordinate, does not repeat herein.
Since actual processing can not accomplish that T-shaped structure is essentially equal, there are error A points to be offset to along x-axis
A ' point, deviation are, device can be modified by following algorithm.Pass through A ' point hanging wire measurement, broken line can be measuredLength L2, can be in the hope ofWithLength.
?In, it is obtained by the cosine law
?In, it is obtained by the cosine law
(17) are substituted into (18), are obtained
Bracing wire measure OP, obtain the length of OP, will (15), (16) and OP length substitution (19), can in the hope of correct after
The length of AP can also similarly correct BP, CP.
Fig. 8-Figure 12 is the interior suspension type measuring process schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention, is measured bracing wire by foundation bolt 4
Device is tentatively fixed on benchmark flange, and hanging wire slot 9 is installed to on bolt；The pull wire head 8 of stay wire sensor pulls out, and hangs over
On the diagonal hanging wire slot 9 of benchmark flange, the dynamic adjustment pedestal of angle of field assistant's turn is faced in flange, so that reference line in bracing wire and school
6 are overlapped simultaneously screwed in place pedestal pin 3, complete centering check and pedestal is fixed.The pull wire head 8 of stay wire sensor is pulled out, is worn
First line-hanging structure 2 is crossed, hangs in flange hanging wire slot to be measured, completes the record of a bracing wire length, similarly sequence counter-clockwise
Complete the record of second and third time bracing wire length.
Further, by the stay wire displacement sensor of wireless data transmission 7, the data recorded three times are passed by WiFi
It is defeated on the computer of cloud, using the mating program of correlation of establishment, cloud computer is controlled using mobile phone or computer remote, is completed
Adapter tube the Fitting Calculation, automatically generates pipeline shape line chart paper, and drawing information includes pipe attribute, bump joint attribute, automatic size
Mark, fabrication data, processing detail, bending machine bend pipe data etc., and output threedimensional model and processing receipt automatically.
Further, computer long-distance control mating program in mobile phone cloud includes that iOS editions and Android version control program.
It further, can also be using PDA memory 10 through data line 11 if be not desired to through wireless data transmission
It is connect with the stay wire displacement sensor 7 of wireless data transmission, data is exported, then imported the mating program of computer applications and be fitted
With figure out.
Figure 13-Figure 17 is the outer suspension type measuring process schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention, compared with interior suspension type, only suspension side
Formula is different, and operating procedure is identical as interior suspension type.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Present invention specific implementation is confined to these above-mentioned explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the present invention
Protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of measurement method of measuring device, it is characterised in that: measuring device used by measurement method is by hanging wire slot, single-point
Suspension type pedestal, the stay wire displacement sensor to connect with pedestal and data storage are formed by connecting, and pedestal is equipped with line-hanging structure
Group；
Further, one end of pedestal is equipped with fixed mechanism, and the fixed mechanism matches by foundation bolt and with foundation bolt
The shop bolt of conjunction cooperates；The line-hanging structure group is made of 3 line-hanging structures, and 3 line-hanging structures are linked to be one three
It is angular, stay wire sensor pull wire head is equipped at the circumcentre of a triangle, the stay wire sensor pull wire head and bracing wire displacement pass
Sensor is connected；The measurement method includes the following steps: a, stay wire sensor is tentatively fixed on benchmark by foundation bolt
On one bolt of flange, hanging wire slot be installed to aforementioned bolt on bolt；
B, pull out pull wire head from stay wire sensor pull wire head, pull wire head hung in the hanging wire slot of benchmark flange, flange just
View visual angle assistant's turn moving base so that bracing wire is overlapped and screwed in place pin with reference line in school, complete centering check and
Pedestal is fixed, and is to be set as O point by stay wire sensor pull wire head position, and three are respectively arranged at stay wire sensor bracing wire
Line-hanging structure around head is respectively A, B, C point；
C, pull wire head is resetted, hanging wire slot is fixed on a bolt point P of flange to be measured,
Again pull wire head is pulled out from stay wire sensor pull wire head, across the line-hanging structure of A point, hangs over the hanging wire slot of flange to be measured
In, complete the record of a bracing wire length O A+PA；
D, similarly sequence counter-clockwise completes second and third time bracing wire length, completes the record of O B+PB and O C+PC；
E, it will be calculated after the data recorded three times export, and calculate the opposite position in space between benchmark flange and flange to be measured
It sets, calculates to all possible arrangement of gathering pipe, and the most short principle of, shape line optimal according to bent angle chooses optimal pipeline shape
Shape.
2. a kind of measurement method of measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in b step, stay wire sensor
Pull wire head is provided with two ways, respectively interior suspension type and outer suspension type；
Interior suspension type, by stay wire sensor pull wire head Primary Location inside the flange circle of benchmark flange, stay wire sensor bracing wire
The distance between head and hanging wire slot on benchmark flange are less than flange diameter of a circle；
Outer suspension type, by outside the flange circle of benchmark flange, stay wire sensor is drawn by stay wire sensor pull wire head Primary Location
The distance between hanging wire slot is greater than flange diameter of a circle on the end of a thread and benchmark flange.
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| CN107030407B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-05-12 | 舟山利远机械有限公司 | Flange position measuring instrument and flange pipe fitting pipe calibrating machine |
| CN107901079A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-13 | 上海船舶工艺研究所 | A kind of flange fixing device for robotic arm flange calibration system |
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| DE102009021483B3 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2011-02-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device and method for position and position determination |
| CN102226713B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2013-06-05 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Three dimensions vibration measuring apparatus and method |
| CN103486989B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-05-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stay-supported spatial position measuring mechanism and measuring method |
| CN104764424A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-07-08 | 上海船舶工艺研究所 | Measuring device and measuring method thereof |
| CN205156888U (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-04-13 | 上海船舶工艺研究所 | Measuring device |
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