CN106593458B - Subway work shield machine cutter - Google Patents
Subway work shield machine cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106593458B CN106593458B CN201710020202.6A CN201710020202A CN106593458B CN 106593458 B CN106593458 B CN 106593458B CN 201710020202 A CN201710020202 A CN 201710020202A CN 106593458 B CN106593458 B CN 106593458B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of subway work shield machine cutters, belong to the technical field of shield machine cutter.Subway work shield machine cutter of the invention, including discoidal cutter ring ontology are deposited with hard protective coating on the outer edge of the cutter ring ontology, and the hard protective coating includes CraTi1‑aThe first hard coat of N and Cr1‑b‑ cAlbTicThe second hard coat of N, second hard coat are located at the top of first hard coat, and the value of a, b, c are obtained by EDS elemental analysis method measurement.Subway work of the invention has the Key Performance Indicators such as excellent cutting ability, wearability and high impact toughness concurrently with shield machine cutter, can significantly improve cutting-tool's used life, to advantageously reduce constructing metro tunnel cost and construction period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of shield machine cutter, it is more particularly related to a kind of subway work shield
Structure rounding machine cutter.
Background technique
With the continuous development and expansion of city size, subway, which has become, solves big city and megalopolis traffic problems
One of optimum way.Oneself has more cities of multiple countries to build subway in the present whole world, and operating line total kilometrage is
Up to 6000Km or more.Although the subway in China is started late compared to western countries, quickly grow, at present the subway fortune in China
Battalion's route total kilometrage has reached 3000Km or so, and Shanghai and Pekinese's metro operation route mileage have ranked city row at present
The front two of name, and in building and prepare that the subway line built is numerous, and growth momentum is powerful.
In the case that shield method resists pressure from surrounding rock using shield shell using shield machine in constructing metro tunnel method, by
The knife cutting front soil body is simultaneously transported to subsequent transportation system, is voluntarily advanced by the thrust of pushing tow jack, while by quick group
The reinforced concrete segment for being combined into ring forms tunnel main structure.Due to work surface be located at bottom surface hereinafter, shield-tunneling construction have with
Lower advantage: it is smaller to surrounding environment influence, level of ground water will not be caused to reduce in construction, and excavate cause ground settlement compared with
It is small；Driving speed is very fast；Tunnel Forming Quality is preferable；Construction environment is preferable, and mechanization degree is high, has hommization, and noise is small,
Support lining reliable in quality and cost is lower in construction；It is unaffected that river is passed through in construction, is influenced by weather smaller；It is poor in soil property
The biggish tunnel of buried depth is built under the conditions of water level is high, there is higher Technological Economy superiority.Especially in the tunnel of modern subway
Construction usually requires the down town and suburban area of passing through building highly dense, is limited to urban ground steric requirements,
Shield-tunneling construction is almost at unique selection；In today that city underground engineering continues to develop, tunnel is carried out using shield method and is applied
Work is more and more extensive, has become the mainstream technology of constructing metro tunnel.
Although the mainstream technology that shield construction has been built in city underground at present, the cutter used is still used for reference
Be traditional hobboing cutter and cutting tool, they in the construction process, high vibration, micro- peeling of tool surface material, brittleness
Destruction, the crackle of heat fatigue, abrasion etc. all may cause damage, influence normally to tunnel, and the maintenance conditions of cutter and day
The time and expense of often maintenance and replacement will occupy 1/3 or so of entire work progress and construction cost, limit shield
The cost of construction reduces.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of subway work shields
Structure rounding machine cutter.
In order to solve to invent the technical problem and realize goal of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Subway work shield machine cutter of the invention, including discoidal cutter ring ontology, the centre of the cutter ring ontology
With the mounting hole matched with knife hub；It is characterized by: being deposited with hard protective coating on the outer edge of the cutter ring ontology.
Wherein, the hard protective coating includes the first hard coat and the second hard coat, second hard coat
Positioned at the top of first hard coat.
Wherein, first hard coat is CraTi1-aN, wherein 0.60≤a≤0.90；Second hard coat is
Cr1-b-cAlbTicN, wherein 0.30≤b≤0.35,0.10≤c≤0.15, wherein a, b, the value of c passes through EDS element point
Analysis method measurement obtains.
Wherein, first hard coat with a thickness of 0.5 ~ 3.0 μm, the second hard coat with a thickness of 1 ~ 10 μm,
And the thickness of second hard coat and the thickness ratio of the first hard coat are 1.8 ~ 5.0.
Wherein, the cutter ring ontology is prepared by hard alloy steel by forging and heat treatment process, and described hard
Matter steel alloy element composition in containing the C of 0.46 ~ 0.55wt%, the Mn of 0.20 ~ 0.80wt%, the Cr of 1.5 ~ 3.5wt%, 0.30 ~
The V of the Mo of 0.80wt%, the Cu of 0.32 ~ 0.80wt%, 0.05 ~ 0.20wt%, surplus be Fe and inevitable metal impurities and
Nonmetallic inclusion.
Wherein, for the ratio of [Cu]/[Mo] between 1.0 ~ 2.0, [Cu] indicates that the weight percent of Cu, [Mo] indicate Mo's
Weight percent.
Wherein, the inevitable nonmetallic inclusion includes Si, N, S, P and O, and content≤0.20wt% of Si, N
Content≤0.010wt%, content≤20 ppm of content≤0.010wt% of content≤0.010wt% of P, S, O.
Wherein, the inevitable metal impurities include Ti, Zr and Al, and content≤0.02wt% of Ti, and Zr's contains
Amount≤0.02wt%, content≤0.05wt% of Al.
Wherein, the heat treatment is included in 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C of progress high temperature quenchings, and then carries out at 550 ~ 650 DEG C
Tempering, the number of tempering are 1 ~ 3 time, preferably 2 times.
Compared with the immediate prior art, subway work of the present invention shield machine cutter has below beneficial to effect
Fruit:
Subway work of the invention has excellent cutting ability, wearability and high impact toughness etc. concurrently with shield machine cutter and closes
Key performance indicator can significantly improve cutting-tool's used life, to advantageously reduce constructing metro tunnel cost and construction period.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of subway work shield machine cutter of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the relational graph of Si content and impact absorbing energy in hard alloy steel cutter ring ontology.
Fig. 3 is the relational graph of Cu content and impact absorbing energy in hard alloy steel cutter ring ontology.
Specific embodiment
Subway work of the present invention is further elaborated with shield machine cutter below with reference to specific embodiment,
To make more complete and clear explanation to technical solution of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, subway work shield machine cutter of the invention, including discoidal cutter ring ontology 10, the knife
The centre of circle ontology 10 has the mounting hole 11 matched with knife hub；Pass through coating processes on the outer edge of the cutter ring ontology 11
It is deposited with hard protective coating 12.Specifically, the hard protective coating includes the first hard coat and the second hard coat,
Second hard coat is located at the top of first hard coat.The outer peripheral hard protection of the cutter ring ontology is assigned to apply
Its purpose is to provide coefficient of friction required when the Rock Cutting strong to abrasion and wearabilities for layer.
About cutter ring ontology, the prior art generallys use hard alloy steel and is made, and the hard alloy steel generallyd use has
4Cr5MoSiV1,5Cr5MoSiV1,40CrNiMo, 9Cr2Mo, 6Cr4Mo2W2V etc., the present inventor has studied above-mentioned
Steel finds that above-mentioned steel is not able to satisfy the required high tenacity and hardness of the strong Rock Cutting driving of opposite grinding corrosion, and cutter ring is in rock
Under conditions of intense impact and friction, fatigue flake is easy to happen so as to cause brittle break.Thus it is an object of the invention to
A kind of cutter ring ontology with high tenacity and matching hardness is provided, specifically it should not only have high-caliber toughness
And ductility, while must not also impair temper resistance and surface hardness.For this purpose, hard is used in cutter ring ontology processing of the invention
Its impurity content of steel alloy should be very low, should not contain any coarse first carbide, and has good harden ability and return
Fiery stability, while should also have good PVD paintability and to the good welding performance of knife hub.Hard alloy of the invention
Steel has the diffusion carbide being uniformly distributed in steel matrix, and this institutional framework is conducive to subsequent heat treatment.
In the present invention, the basic composition of the hard alloy steel is as follows:
The content of carbon is controlled in 0.46 ~ 0.55wt%, preferably 0.48 ~ 0.53wt%, such as can be 0.50 wt%；
The content of manganese is controlled in 0.20 ~ 0.80wt%, preferably 0.35 ~ 0.60wt%, such as can be 0.36wt%；
The content of chromium is controlled in 1.5 ~ 3.5wt%, preferably 1.8 ~ 3.0wt%, such as can be 2.0wt%；
The content of molybdenum is controlled in 0.30 ~ 0.80wt%, preferably 0.35 ~ 0.60wt%, such as can be 0.42wt%；
The content of copper is controlled in 0.32 ~ 0.80wt%, preferably 0.35 ~ 0.60wt%, such as can be 0.50wt%；
The content of vanadium is controlled in 0.05 ~ 0.20wt%, preferably 0.05 ~ 0.15wt%, such as can be 0.15wt%；
Surplus is Fe and inevitable metal impurities and nonmetallic inclusion, wherein
The inevitable nonmetallic inclusion includes Si, N, S, P and O, and content≤0.20wt% of Si, the content of N
The content of content≤0.010wt% of content≤0.010wt% of≤0.010wt%, P, S, O≤20 ppm；
The inevitable metal impurities include Ti, Zr and Al, and the content of content≤0.02wt% of Ti, Zr≤
Content≤0.05wt% of 0.02wt%, Al.
Cu is added in hard alloy steel of the invention can be improved the hardness of steel after heat treatment, can so make up because
Hardness loss caused by the additive amount of Cr and Mo is less, and the addition of Cu simultaneously can also reduce steel Dislocations resistance, favorably
Good toughness is kept in steel matrix.Cr, Mo and V of addition are capable of forming MC and M while guaranteeing harden ability23C6Two
Secondary carbide precipitate (nanoscale range), but if the content of Cr, Mo be more than present invention provide that the upper limit when then have generation just
The risk of secondary carbide, to reduce toughness and ductility.For the ratio of [Cu]/[Mo] between 1.0 ~ 2.0, [Cu] indicates Cu's
Weight percent, [Mo] indicate the weight percent of Mo, the ratio setting of [Cu]/[Mo] are help to obtain more in above range
High toughness.
Si is typically considered to that the solid solution strengthening effect of steel can be improved, and grain boundary carbide can be kept as it is very low, but
The introducing of Si is not conducive to the raising of toughness on the whole, especially has the tendency that forming crackle in cutting process,
So as to cause there is the peeling-off risk to fall off, the content of Si is controlled in the present invention thus in the below horizontal of 0.2wt%, it is excellent
For selected control system in 0.15wt%, the content for further decreasing Si is economically disadvantageous, and unnecessary.N is to promote first carbon
Compound stablizes the element formed, if containing these first carbide in final finished, will lead to impact flexibility and drastically reduces,
The content of N is controlled in 0.01wt% level below, preferably shorter than 0.008wt% in the present invention thus.O is generally considered
Harmful element will lead to hot-short phenomenon, i.e., because of phenomenon of rupture caused by heat fatigue, thus the content control of O in the present invention
System is in 10ppm or less.S is generally also considered as harmful element, although its cutting that can be used for improving steel in some cases
Can, but it is unfavorable to ductility and plasticity is caused to reduce, and also results in impact flexibility reduction, thus preferably by the content of S
Control 0.01% it is below horizontal.P may lead segregation, seriously reduce plasticity, impact flexibility and solderability, especially low temperature
Shi Fasheng is cold short, therefore P content is not to be exceeded 0.01%.
Ti, Zr and Al are possible to combine in N in steel to form first nitride and carbonitride, these nitride and carbon nitrogen
Compound is difficult to remove during heat treatment, thus can impact flexibility to material it is harmful, thus in the present invention should be by Ti
Content control in 0.02wt% hereinafter, Zr content control in 0.02wt% hereinafter, Al content control in 0.05wt% or less.
Hard alloy steel of the invention can be prepared by following technique: firstly, alloy raw material component is carried out ingredient, be utilized
Electric arc furnace smelting and electroslag remelting process prepare steel ingot, and steel ingot die forging and is machined after homogenize process, after annealing
Obtain cutter ring ontology blank；Then soft annealing and heat treatment are carried out to cutter ring ontology blank, the heat treatment includes that high temperature quenches
High tempering twice.Hard alloy steel yield strength of the present invention (quench by high temperature and twice high tempering) can be with
Reach 1600 ~ 2000MPa, elongation at break is 6.0 ~ 10.0%, and hardness is 45 ~ 55HRC, and impact flexibility (v-notch) is -20
DEG C be 30 ~ 45 J.
In the present invention, the hard protective coating includes the first hard coat and the second hard coat.Wherein, described
One hard coat is CraTi1-aN, wherein 0.60≤a≤0.90；Second hard coat is Cr1-b-cAlbTicN, wherein
0.30≤b≤0.35,0.10≤c≤0.15, wherein a, b, the value of c is obtained by EDS elemental analysis method measurement.It is described
First hard coat with a thickness of 0.5 ~ 3.0 μm, the second hard coat with a thickness of 1 ~ 10 μm, and second hard applies
The thickness of layer and the thickness ratio of the first hard coat are 1.8 ~ 5.0.Carburizing or carbo-nitriding are carried out in hard alloy steel surface,
Although surface hardness can be improved, since coarse carbide or carbonitride can be generated, to the strong rock of abrasion into
Micro-crack easy to form and brittle fracture is eventually led to during row driving, and hard protective coating of the invention is not only hard
It is wear-resisting, and there is suitable coefficient of friction can provide protection for the abrasion of blade two sides, to improve cutting-tool's used life.
For the preparation method of the hard protective coating, it is not particularly limited in the present invention, as illustratively,
It can be using spraying coating, cold spraying, plasma spraying, supersonic flame spraying, electrostatic coating；Plating, chemical plating, chemistry
Vapor deposition (such as plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition；Physical vapour deposition (PVD) (such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering, ion plating).Make
For preferably, chemical vapor deposition or physical gas-phase deposite method can be used, because using CVD or PVD process not only to hard
The influence of matter steel alloy can be ignored substantially, and can be reliably formed with uniform film thickness, homogeneous and bond with substrate
The good hard protective coating of property.The hard protective coating not only has good abrasion resistance and hardness, but also has and be suitable for
Coefficient of friction can provide protection to cutter ring ontology.It is highly preferred that hard protective coating of the invention can pass through sputtering ion plating
Prepared by technique, so can be further improved with the caking property of hard alloy steel matrix and provide cutter ring blade two sides anti-
Shield reduces the probability that brittle fracture occurs when the cutter ring rock out strong to abrasion.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to the preparation of cutter ring ontology.The preparation of the cutter ring ontology the following steps are included:
1. steel ingot melting
It is formed with the chemical element of cutter ring ontology and carries out ingredient, raw material is put into electric arc furnaces after ingredient and carries out melting, melted
Refining temperature is 1600 ± 30 DEG C, sampling and testing alloying component are as follows: the Cr of Mn, 2.1wt% of C, 0.50wt% of 0.46wt%,
The P of N, 0.01wt% of Si, 0.01wt% of V, 0.10wt% of Cu, 0.12wt% of Mo, 0.60wt% of 0.52wt%, 0.008
S, the Al of Zr, 0.02wt% of Ti, 0.008wt% of 0.01wt%, surplus are essentially Fe, start casting and obtain ingot casting, then pass through
Electroslag remelting obtains steel ingot.
2. forging processing:
It homogenizes: keeping the temperature 8 ~ 20 hours at 1260 ± 20 DEG C, spread alloying element sufficiently, homogenization of composition.
Starting forging temperature: 1150 DEG C；Final forging temperature: 850 DEG C；Forging ratio 6, the pulling of multiple jumping-up, through jumping-up, punching, reaming,
Die-forging forming obtains cutter ring blank.
3. soft annealing
Cutter ring blank is heated to 900 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 ~ 6 hours, is cooled to 750 DEG C with the cooling velocity of 0.5 ~ 1.0 DEG C/min
4h is kept the temperature, 500 DEG C is furnace-cooled to and comes out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature.
4. being heat-treated
Cutter ring blank after soft annealing is warming up to 1100 DEG C (to preheat stage by stage when heating, be first to heat to 750 DEG C of heat preservations 2
Hour, 1100 DEG C are warming up to after temperature is uniform again), 2 hours are kept the temperature, oil is cooled to room temperature, then carries out in heating furnace high twice
Temperature tempering, each tempering temperature are 600 DEG C (soaking time is 2 hours), obtain the cutter ring ontology of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to the preparation of cutter ring ontology.The preparation of the cutter ring ontology the following steps are included:
1. steel ingot melting
It is formed with the chemical element of cutter ring ontology and carries out ingredient, raw material is put into electric arc furnaces after ingredient and carries out melting, melted
Refining temperature is 1600 ± 30 DEG C, sampling and testing alloying component are as follows: the Cr of Mn, 1.8wt% of C, 0.35wt% of 0.53wt%,
The P of N, 0.03wt% of Si, 0.01wt% of V, 0.12wt% of Cu, 0.15wt% of Mo, 0.55wt% of 0.39wt%, 0.008
S, the Al of Zr, 0.02wt% of Ti, 0.008wt% of 0.01wt%, surplus are essentially Fe, start casting and obtain ingot casting, then pass through
Electroslag remelting obtains steel ingot.
2. forging processing:
It homogenizes: keeping the temperature 8 ~ 20 hours at 1260 ± 20 DEG C, spread alloying element sufficiently, homogenization of composition.
Starting forging temperature: 1150 DEG C；Final forging temperature: 850 DEG C；Forging ratio 6, the pulling of multiple jumping-up, through jumping-up, punching, reaming,
Die-forging forming obtains cutter ring blank.
3. soft annealing
Cutter ring blank is heated to 900 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 ~ 6 hours, is cooled to 750 DEG C with the cooling velocity of 0.5 ~ 1.0 DEG C/min
4h is kept the temperature, 500 DEG C is furnace-cooled to and comes out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature.
4. being heat-treated
Cutter ring blank after soft annealing is warming up to 1100 DEG C (to preheat stage by stage when heating, be first to heat to 750 DEG C of heat preservations 2
Hour, 1100 DEG C are warming up to after temperature is uniform again), 2 hours are kept the temperature, oil is cooled to room temperature, then carries out in heating furnace high twice
Temperature tempering, each tempering temperature are 600 DEG C (soaking time is 2 hours), obtain the cutter ring ontology of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to the preparation of cutter ring ontology.The preparation of the cutter ring ontology the following steps are included:
1. steel ingot melting
It is formed with the chemical element of cutter ring ontology and carries out ingredient, raw material is put into electric arc furnaces after ingredient and carries out melting, melted
Refining temperature is 1600 ± 30 DEG C, sampling and testing alloying component are as follows: the Cr of Mn, 2.7wt% of C, 0.63wt% of 0.51wt%,
The P of N, 0.03wt% of Si, 0.01wt% of V, 0.08wt% of Cu, 0.13wt% of Mo, 0.60wt% of 0.32wt%, 0.008
S, the Al of Zr, 0.02wt% of Ti, 0.008wt% of 0.01wt%, surplus are essentially Fe, start casting and obtain ingot casting, then pass through
Electroslag remelting obtains steel ingot.
2. forging:
It homogenizes: keeping the temperature 8 ~ 20 hours at 1260 ± 20 DEG C, spread alloying element sufficiently, homogenization of composition.
Starting forging temperature: 1150 DEG C；Final forging temperature: 850 DEG C；Forging ratio 6, the pulling of multiple jumping-up, through jumping-up, punching, reaming,
Die-forging forming obtains cutter ring blank.
3. soft annealing
Cutter ring blank is heated to 900 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 ~ 6 hours, is cooled to 750 DEG C with the cooling velocity of 0.5 ~ 1.0 DEG C/min
4h is kept the temperature, 500 DEG C is furnace-cooled to and comes out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature.
4. being heat-treated
Cutter ring blank after soft annealing is warming up to 1100 DEG C (to preheat stage by stage when heating, be first to heat to 750 DEG C of heat preservations 2
Hour, 1100 DEG C are warming up to after temperature is uniform again), 2 hours are kept the temperature, oil is cooled to room temperature, then carries out in heating furnace high twice
Temperature tempering, each tempering temperature are 600 DEG C (soaking time is 2 hours), obtain the cutter ring ontology of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is related to the preparation of cutter ring ontology.The preparation of the cutter ring ontology the following steps are included:
1. steel ingot melting
It is formed with the chemical element of cutter ring ontology and carries out ingredient, raw material is put into electric arc furnaces after ingredient and carries out melting, melted
Refining temperature is 1600 ± 30 DEG C, sampling and testing alloying component are as follows: the Cr of Mn, 1.8wt% of C, 0.32wt% of 0.48wt%,
The P of N, 0.03wt% of Si, 0.01wt% of V, 0.10wt% of Cu, 0.18wt% of Mo, 0.60wt% of 0.60wt%, 0.008
S, the Al of Zr, 0.02wt% of Ti, 0.008wt% of 0.01wt%, surplus are essentially Fe, start casting and obtain ingot casting, then pass through
Electroslag remelting obtains steel ingot.
2. forging:
It homogenizes: keeping the temperature 8 ~ 20 hours at 1260 ± 20 DEG C, spread alloying element sufficiently, homogenization of composition.
Starting forging temperature: 1150 DEG C；Final forging temperature: 850 DEG C；Forging ratio 6, the pulling of multiple jumping-up, through jumping-up, punching, reaming,
Die-forging forming obtains cutter ring blank.
3. soft annealing
Cutter ring blank is heated to 900 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 ~ 6 hours, is cooled to 750 DEG C with the cooling velocity of 0.5 ~ 1.0 DEG C/min
4h is kept the temperature, 500 DEG C is furnace-cooled to and comes out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature.
4. being heat-treated
Cutter ring blank after soft annealing is warming up to 1100 DEG C (to preheat stage by stage when heating, be first to heat to 750 DEG C of heat preservations 2
Hour, 1100 DEG C are warming up to after temperature is uniform again), 2 hours are kept the temperature, oil is cooled to room temperature, then carries out in heating furnace high twice
Temperature tempering, each tempering temperature are 600 DEG C (soaking time is 2 hours), obtain the cutter ring ontology of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is related to the preparation of cutter ring ontology.The preparation of the cutter ring ontology the following steps are included:
1. steel ingot melting
It is formed with the chemical element of cutter ring ontology and carries out ingredient, raw material is put into electric arc furnaces after ingredient and carries out melting, melted
Refining temperature is 1600 ± 30 DEG C, sampling and testing alloying component are as follows: the Cr of Mn, 2.0wt% of C, 0.36wt% of 0.50wt%,
The P of N, 0.03wt% of Si, 0.01wt% of V, 0.10wt% of Cu, 0.12wt% of Mo, 0.50wt% of 0.42wt%, 0.008
S, the Al of Zr, 0.02wt% of Ti, 0.008wt% of 0.01wt%, surplus are essentially Fe, start casting and obtain ingot casting, then pass through
Electroslag remelting obtains steel ingot.
2. forging:
It homogenizes: keeping the temperature 8 ~ 20 hours at 1260 ± 20 DEG C, spread alloying element sufficiently, homogenization of composition.
Starting forging temperature: 1150 DEG C；Final forging temperature: 850 DEG C；Forging ratio 6, the pulling of multiple jumping-up, through jumping-up, punching, reaming,
Die-forging forming obtains cutter ring blank.
3. soft annealing
Cutter ring blank is heated to 900 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 ~ 6 hours, is cooled to 750 DEG C with the cooling velocity of 0.5 ~ 1.0 DEG C/min
4h is kept the temperature, 500 DEG C is furnace-cooled to and comes out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature.
4. being heat-treated
Cutter ring blank after soft annealing is warming up to 1100 DEG C (to preheat stage by stage when heating, be first to heat to 750 DEG C of heat preservations 2
Hour, 1100 DEG C are warming up to after temperature is uniform again), 2 hours are kept the temperature, oil is cooled to room temperature, then carries out in heating furnace high twice
Temperature tempering, each tempering temperature are 600 DEG C (soaking time is 2 hours), obtain the cutter ring ontology of the present embodiment.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 5, the difference is that the chemical element group of the cutter ring ontology of this comparative example is as 0.50wt%'s
C, the N of Si, 0.01wt% of V, 0.10wt% of Mo, 0.50wt% of Cr, 0.51wt% of Mn, 2.0wt% of 0.36wt%,
The P of 0.03wt%, 0.008 S, 0.01wt% Ti, 0.003wt% Zr, 0.02wt% Al, surplus is essentially Fe.
The blade of the converted steel cutter ring ontology obtained to embodiment 1 ~ 5 and comparative example 1 and inner ring portion are sampled, and are added
Work is its hardness of 20mm × 20mm × 10mm sample testing.It is 10mm × 10mm according to standard GB/T229-2007 processing dimension
The impact specimen (V-notch) of × 55mm utilizes impact absorbing energy of the shock machine measurement Disc Cutter Ring Material at -20 DEG C, knot
Fruit is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Blade hardness (HRC) | 53 | 54 | 55 | 53 | 54 | 56 |
| Core hardness (HRC) | 45 | 47 | 47 | 46 | 46 | 48 |
| Impact absorbing energy (J) | 42 | 33 | 35 | 39 | 43 | 12 |
Comparative example 2
Compared with Example 5 (Si content be 0.10%), the difference is that the content of Si is different, Si in this comparative example
Content be respectively 0.30wt%, 0.50wt%, 0.60 wt% and 0.80wt%.
To the cutter ring ontology of above-mentioned difference Si content, according to standard GB/T229-2007 processing dimension be 10mm × 10mm ×
The impact specimen (V-notch) of 55mm, using shock machine measurement Disc Cutter Ring Material, the impact at 0 DEG C and -20 DEG C is inhaled respectively
Function is received, as a result as shown in Figure 2.
Comparative example 3
Compared with Example 5 (Cu content be 0.50%), the difference is that the content of Cu is different, Cu in this comparative example
Content be respectively 0.20wt%, 1.2wt%, 1.5wt% and 1.8wt%.
To the cutter ring ontology of above-mentioned difference Cu content, according to standard GB/T229-2007 processing dimension be 10mm × 10mm ×
The impact specimen (V-notch) of 55mm, using shock machine measurement Disc Cutter Ring Material, the impact at 0 DEG C and -20 DEG C is inhaled respectively
Function is received, as a result as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is related in hard alloy steel cutter ring ontology (such as hard alloy steel cutter ring ontology in embodiment 5)
Outer edge deposits hard protective coating.The hard protective coating includes the first hard coat and the second hard coat.The present embodiment
Hard protective coating be prepared by the following method to obtain:
(1) hard alloy steel cutter ring ontology is cleaned, is cleaned under ultrasonic conditions using alkaline cleaning fluid
It degreases, then rinses and dry using water.
(2) prepare vacuum coating equipment, hard alloy steel cutter ring is placed on the base, and it vacuumize and in advance
Coating chamber is evacuated to 10 by heat-3Pa。
(3) Ar is imported into coating chamber, glow discharge process is carried out to hard alloy steel cutter ring using glow discharge mode；
(4) N is passed through in coating chamber2, N2Flow be 10 ~ 100sccm, and use Ti and Cr metallic target as target
Reactive sputtering ion plating is carried out, ionization voltage is 20 ~ 100V, and ionization current is 10 ~ 30A, to deposit the first hard coat.
(5) using Ti, Al and Cr metallic target as target, with N2As reacting gas source, reactive sputtering ion plating, electricity are carried out
Ionization voltage is 20 ~ 100V, and ionization current is 10 ~ 30A, to deposit the second hard coat.
(6) be heat-treated in a vacuum furnace, 550 ~ 600 DEG C isothermal holding 1.0 hours, be then furnace-cooled to room temperature i.e.
It can.
By adjusting N2Flow, the electric current and voltage of the ionization of each target, sedimentation time etc. can apply first hard
The composition and thickness of layer and the second hard coat are controlled, and hard protective coating as shown in Table 2 has been obtained.
Table 2
Comparative example 4
Carbo-nitriding is carried out in the hard alloy steel cutter ring ontology of embodiment 5, carbo-nitriding carries out in cyanate salt bath,
The cyanate salt bath is made of the sodium chloride of the potassium cyanate of 35wt%, the sodium carbonate of 20wt% and surplus, and carbo-nitriding is at 580 DEG C
It carries out, the time is 1 hour.
Comparative example 5
Increase gas carburizing between the soft annealing step and heat treatment step of the hard alloy steel cutter ring ontology of embodiment 5
Step.Gas carburizing carries out in methanol atmosphere, and carburizing temperature is 950 DEG C, and soaking time is under conditions of carbon potential is 1.2%C
3 hours, 850 DEG C are cooled to, soaking time is 2 hours under conditions of carbon potential is 1.1%C, is then air-cooled to room temperature.
Using comparative example 4 and comparative example 5 by the hard alloy steel cutter of carburizing or carbonitriding to micaceous rock (SiO2Contain
Amount is 55 ~ 70wt%) driving simulated experiment is carried out, the average consumed above-mentioned cutter of 1000 side's rocks of every excavation is 6 ~ 8, and
And the abrasion of blade two sides is larger.And the point of two sides can be reduced using the cutter coated with hard protective coating of embodiment 6
Abrasion, but side may be occurred for sample B 4 and peeled off, it can not give and effective protection is laterally provided, and sample M1 ~ M4, it is grasping
Make it is proper under conditions of can by 1000 side's rocks of every excavation it is average consumed by above-mentioned cutter be reduced to 3 ~ 6；Sample B 1 ~
B3, the average consumed above-mentioned cutter of 1000 side's rocks of every excavation is 6 ~ 8 under conditions of suitable operation.And use this hair
Probability that the cutter of bright hard alloy steel cutter ring is broken significantly reduces, and be surface-treated to the cutter of failure and again
Coating hard protective coating can re-start utilization.
For the ordinary skill in the art, specific embodiment is only exemplarily described the present invention,
Obviously the present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above, as long as use the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention into
The improvement of capable various unsubstantialities, or not improved the conception and technical scheme of the invention are directly applied to other occasions
, it is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of subway work shield machine cutter, including discoidal cutter ring ontology, the centre of the cutter ring ontology have with
The mounting hole that knife hub matches；It is characterized by: being deposited with hard protective coating on the outer edge of the cutter ring ontology；The knife
Circle ontology is prepared by hard alloy steel by forging and heat treatment process, and in the element composition of the hard alloy steel
The Mo of the Mn of C, 0.20~0.80wt%, the Cr of 1.5~3.5wt%, 0.30~0.80wt% containing 0.46~0.55wt%,
The V of the Cu of 0.32~0.80wt%, 0.05~0.20wt%, surplus are Fe and inevitable metal impurities and nonmetallic miscellaneous
Matter；
The inevitable nonmetallic inclusion includes Si, N, S, P and O, and the content of content≤0.20wt% of Si, N≤
Content≤20ppm of content≤0.010wt% of content≤0.010wt% of 0.010wt%, P, S, O；
The inevitable metal impurities include Ti, Zr and Al, and the content of content≤0.02wt% of Ti, Zr≤
Content≤0.05wt% of 0.02wt%, Al.
2. subway work shield machine cutter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hard protective coating includes
First hard coat and the second hard coat, second hard coat are located at the top of first hard coat.
3. subway work shield machine cutter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: first hard coat is
CraTi1-aN, wherein 0.60≤a≤0.90；Second hard coat is Cr1-b-cAlbTicN, wherein 0.30≤b≤0.35,
0.10≤c≤0.15, wherein a, b, the value of c is obtained by EDS elemental analysis method measurement.
4. subway work shield machine cutter according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the thickness of first hard coat
Degree be 0.5~3.0 μm, the second hard coat with a thickness of 1~10 μm, and the thickness of second hard coat with first firmly
The thickness ratio of matter coating is 1.8~5.0.
5. subway work shield machine cutter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ratio of [Cu]/[Mo] is 1.0
Between~2.0, [Cu] indicates that the weight percent of Cu, [Mo] indicate the weight percent of Mo.
6. subway work shield machine cutter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat treatment is included in 1050
~1100 DEG C of progress high temperature quenchings, and then in 550~650 DEG C of progress temperings.
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| CN112143863B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-10-18 | 江苏大学 | Anti-decarbonization heat treatment method for shield machine hob ring |
| CN115449694B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2023-09-19 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Cutter of shield machine and production method thereof |
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| SE522352C2 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2004-02-03 | Sandvik Ab | Elongated element for striking rock drilling and use of steel for this |
| US7348074B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2008-03-25 | Oc Oerlikon Balzers Ag | Multilayer hard coating for tools |
| CN100385038C (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2008-04-30 | 吴大维 | Nano superhard composite film tool with high adhesion and its deposition method |
| JP4797608B2 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2011-10-19 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Surface-coated cutting insert and manufacturing method thereof |
| EP1914331B1 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2019-07-24 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Coated cutting tool |
| CN101591780A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-12-02 | 浙江一胜特工模具股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of abrasion resistant coating layer of cutter |
| US20100159235A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Scott Alan Johnston | Wear component with a carburized case |
| CN103484783B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-07-15 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Alloy for cutter ring of disk type hobbing cutter and preparation method thereof |
| CN104831171A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-12 | 上海始金新材料科技有限公司 | Alloy steel SDH55 for shield machine tools and production method thereof |
| CN205778888U (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-12-07 | 山东聊城德润机电科技发展有限公司 | Improve Novel hobbing cutter of shield machine cutter ring |
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