CN106591139A - Cunninghamella bertholletiae, and culture method, inoculant and application thereof - Google Patents
Cunninghamella bertholletiae, and culture method, inoculant and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106591139A CN106591139A CN201510675566.9A CN201510675566A CN106591139A CN 106591139 A CN106591139 A CN 106591139A CN 201510675566 A CN201510675566 A CN 201510675566A CN 106591139 A CN106591139 A CN 106591139A
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- cunninghamella bertholletiae
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of microorganisms, and concretely relates to a Cunninghamella bertholletiae. The preservation number of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae is CGMCC No.11115. The invention also discloses a culture method of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae, and an inoculant containing the Cunninghamella bertholletiae. The invention further discloses an application of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae and the inoculant in degradation of chlorothalonil. The Cunninghamella bertholletiae can be used to carry out in-situ biological restoration of chlorothalonil polluted soil without destroying the soil environment of plant growth or generating secondary pollution, so in-situ processing, simple operation, high-efficiency degradation of chlorothalonil in soil in a short time and reduction of the toxicity of the chlorothalonil in environment are realized, the purposes of soil environment protection and food safety guaranteeing are reached, and the disadvantages of high interference to the original ecological system of the soil, possibly caused secondary pollution and large investment cost of physical and chemical restoration methods are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microorganism field, is related to one plant of Cunninghamella bertholletiae, in particular it relates to one plant
Cunninghamella bertholletiae with degraded Bravo function, the cultural method of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae,
Containing the Cunninghamella bertholletiae as active component microbial inoculum, and they degraded Bravo in
Using.
Background technology
Bravo (Chloratholonil), i.e. termil, are a kind of fragrance of high-efficiency broad spectrum
Race's antibacterial, alreadys exceed so far 40 years suitable for agricultural production.Bravo is to by fungus-caused
Melon and fruit class industrial crops disease has good prevention effect, and so far without Drug resistance report, therefore in the world
On be widely used.Bravo is also used as mite killing in addition to the disease that can prevent and treat various crop
Agent, nematicide, algicide, industry are gone out mould dose and plant growth regulator etc..In U.S.'s year usage amount
For 5000 tons, and in Chinese annual production more than 8000 tons.Although Bravo is not high poison to mammal
, but for Fish, birds and aquatic invertebrate are high poisons.In addition, the human contact pesticide
Serious stimulation and the disease of gastrointestinal of dermatitis, eyes and skin can be caused.Bravo is listed in the mankind and dives
Carcinogen.Due to widely using, the pesticide is all detected in vegetables and fruits and natural ecological environment residual
Stay.
Numerous studies show, microbial degradation recovery technique input cost it is low compared with physico-chemical process and
It is that an own Jing obtains scientific research academia accreditation, workable right with feasibility and high efficiency
The environmental contaminants based technique for in-situ remediation of environment non-secondary pollution.The recovery technique of microbial degradation at present is wide
It is general for soil and water pollution improvement and the biological treatment of industrial wastewater, get in organo-chlorine pollutant
Except chlorine atom not only can reduce the resistance that runs in microbial degradation and can reduce continuous degradation mistake
Poisonous mesostate, therefore dechlorination reaction are formed in journey for the microorganism of organo-chlorine pollutant
Detoxification seems extremely important.The Bravo Study on degradation of own Jing reports is concentrated mainly on co -metabolic degradation side
Face, does not need at present the also little of additional carbon degrading high concentration Bravo research.
Physical and chemical method can also repair Bravo, but Physical is repaired not thoroughly, is further processed tired
It is difficult;Chemical method is relatively costly, is not suitable for the reparation of pollution of area source.Microorganism is pollutant in environment
The main force of degraded, the reparation for carrying out polluting environment using microorganism or enzyme be acknowledged as a kind of safety,
Effectively, the method for cheap and non-secondary pollution, has broad application prospects.Therefore, Bravo is studied
The microbial degradation of pesticide has great importance with reparation.
Bioanalysises repair Bravo and supplement Jing using the indigenous microorganism in native soil or to pollution environment
The high-effective microorganism of domestication is crossed, under the operating condition of optimization, by a series of biological respinses, by hundred bacterium
Nontoxic material is degraded to clearly so as to repair contaminated soil.Therefore plant height effect Bravo is filtered out
Degradation bacteria strains are most important to repairing contaminated soil.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to developing a kind of Bravo in water and soil has efficient degradation performance
Microbial strains such that it is able to simple and fast is effectively degraded to the Bravo in environment.
To achieve these goals, on the one hand, the invention provides one plant of Cunninghamella bertholletiae
(Cunninghamella bertholletiae), the deposit number of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae is CGMCC
No.11115。
Second aspect, the invention provides a kind of cultural method of Cunninghamella bertholletiae, the method includes
Cunninghamella bertholletiae as above is seeded in following culture medium and is cultivated:
The dehydrated potato powder of the glucose containing 18-22g/L and 3-7g/L, pH is the fungi liquid of 6.8-7.0
Culture medium, or PDA solid mediums.
The third aspect, the invention provides a kind of microbial inoculum, wherein, the microbial inoculum contains Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt as above
The thalline of Cunninghamella sp is used as active component.
Fourth aspect, the invention provides Cunninghamella bertholletiae as above and microbial inoculum as above
Application in degraded Bravo.
5th aspect, the invention provides a kind of method of degraded Bravo, the method includes:Will as above
Described Cunninghamella bertholletiae and/or microbial inoculum as above is contacted with the environment containing Bravo, with right
Bravo in environment is degraded.
The Cunninghamella bertholletiae provided using the present invention carries out biology in situ to Bravo contaminated soil
Repair, the soil environment do not destroyed needed for plant growing will not produce secondary pollution, can original place process,
It is simple to operate.Bacterial strain in the present invention can at short notice in efficient degradation soil Bravo, reduce it
Toxicity in the environment, reaches soil protection environment, it is ensured that the purpose of food safety, so as to overcome thing
Reason and chemical repair method bring very big interference to soil ecosystem system, may cause secondary pollution, throw
The big shortcoming of money cost, with higher economic benefit and social benefit.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Biological deposits
The bacterial strain of the present invention is Cunninghamella bertholletiae (Cunninghamella bertholletiae), in
On July 14th, 2015 is deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center
(address:Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, postal
Political affairs are encoded:100101) (depositary institution is abbreviated as CGMCC), deposit number is CGMCC
No.11115。
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
In a first aspect, the invention provides one plant of Cunninghamella bertholletiae (Cunninghamella
Bertholletiae), wherein, the deposit number of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae is CGMCC No.11115.
The Cunninghamella bertholletiae (Cunninghamella bertholletiae) of the present invention is isolated from Anhui a surname
City Bravo pollution plastic shed soil.
The detached method can be the conventional method for new strains screening in this area, for example, soil
Earth circulation separating and combining dilution plate method of purification.
The soil circulation separating and combining dilution plate method of purification for example can be:
The plastic shed soil that 500g picks up from the pollution of Xuancheng Profile, anhui Province Bravo is placed in circulation enriching apparatus, plus
Enter the fungi liquid culture medium of 2L as circulation liquid, start peristaltic pump and be enriched with.Root in enrichment process
Circulation liquid is periodically added according to the evaporation situation of circulation liquid.After enrichment terminates, removing layer liquid carries out flat board stroke
Line purifies and separates.Lower floor's liquid is diluted into respectively 10-1、10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6、10-7
With 10-8Times, draw appropriate diluent and coat containing 50,100,200 and 300mg/L Bravos
On PDA solid mediums, 30 DEG C culture 3 days after take bacterial strain line separate.Wherein, the fungi liquid
The dehydrated potato powder of the glucose containing 20g/L and 5g/L in culture medium, pH is 6.8-7.0.The PDA
Solid medium is Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose, agar culture medium, and English full name is Potato Dextrose Agar
Medium.The PDA solid mediums for example can be able to be purchased from the extensive and profound in meaning star in Beijing with commercially available
The biotechnology Co., Ltd trade mark is the commodity of 02-023.
The present invention obtains one plant most strong to Bravo resistance of bacterial strain from the bacterial strain being purified into, and right
It has carried out DNA extraction with identification.The DNA extraction can adopt Suo Laibao fungal genomic DNAs
Extracts kit (Solarbio fungi DNA kit), and operate to extract this according to description in test kit
The genomic DNA of bacterial strain.
Qualification result shows that the genome sequence of the bacterial strain has SEQ ID No:Nucleotide shown in 1
Sequence, belongs to Mucoales Cunninghamella bertholletiae, and it is micro- that China is deposited on July 14th, 2015
Biological inoculum preservation administration committee common micro-organisms center, deposit number is CGMCC No.11115.
The Cunninghamella bertholletiae that the present invention is provided can produce little gram of Mildy Way of substantial amounts of Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt through culture
Mould viable bacteria body, the method for the culture is without special requirement, as long as little gram of silver of the Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt can be made
The mould propagation of the Chinese, for example can be according to 0.2-0.5g dry weights/m3Inoculum concentration by Cunninghamella bertholletiae
Viable bacteria body be inoculated in fungi liquid culture medium, and under aerobic condition, in 28-35 DEG C of temperature
After lower culture 16-72 hours, culture fluid is obtained.
The present invention can further separate the viable bacteria body of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae in above-mentioned culture fluid, described
Detached method has no particular limits, as long as thalline can be enriched with from culture fluid, for example can be with
Realize that the condition of the centrifugation and the filtration can be known bar by the method for being centrifuged and/or filtering
Part, the present invention will not be described here.
According to the present invention, the culture medium for cultivating Cunninghamella bertholletiae can be the true of this area routine
Bacterium culture medium.But it was found by the inventors of the present invention that to little gram of Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt in the culture medium containing following composition
The Mildy Way is mould to be cultivated, and can further promote the growth of thalline:Containing 18-22g/L, preferred 20g/L
Glucose and 3-7g/L, the dehydrated potato powder of preferred 5g/L, pH for 6.8-7.0 fungi liquid culture medium,
Or PDA solid mediums.The PDA solid mediums are identical with above-mentioned.
The present inventor has found that in the course of the study Cunninghamella bertholletiae as above can
Chlorothalonil pesticide is effectively degraded, and can be grown by sole carbon source of Bravo.
Second aspect, the invention provides a kind of cultural method of Cunninghamella bertholletiae:Wherein, will be as
Upper described Cunninghamella bertholletiae is seeded in following culture medium to be cultivated:
Containing 18-22g/L, the glucose of preferred 20g/L and 3-7g/L, the dehydrated potato powder of preferred 5g/L,
PH for 6.8-7.0 fungi liquid culture medium, or PDA solid mediums.
The PDA solid mediums are as described above.
According to the present invention, the condition cultivated the Cunninghamella bertholletiae can be this area routine
The condition cultivated mycete, for example, under aerobic conditions, the temperature of culture can be 28-35 DEG C.
The third aspect, the invention provides a kind of microbial inoculum, wherein, the microbial inoculum contains Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt as above
The thalline of Cunninghamella sp (Cunninghamella bertholletiae) is used as active component.
The present inventor has found in research process, the above-mentioned Cunninghamella bertholletiae that the present invention is provided
Dead thalline and viable bacteria body effectively the Bravo in environment can be degraded.Therefore, as above institute
The thalline of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae in the microbial inoculum stated can be viable bacteria body, and alternatively dead thalline can be with
For viable bacteria body and the mixing thalline of dead thalline, but preferably viable bacteria body.
According to the present invention, the concentration of Cunninghamella bertholletiae described in the microbial inoculum is limited without special
System, can specifically be selected according to specific circumstances, and in this not go into detail.
In addition, different according to predetermined purposes, the microbial inoculum that the present invention is provided can be prepared as different dosage forms,
And add the compositions such as corresponding adjuvant.Wherein, which kind of adjuvant is added in the microbial inoculum of which kind of dosage form for ability
Well known to field technique personnel, in this not go into detail.
In addition, the Cunninghamella bertholletiae that the present invention is provided can be prepared into carrying out compounding with other thalline
Mix bacterium agent, further to improve its efficiency.
According to the present invention, the microbial inoculum can be the form of bacterium solution, or the form of dry powder, ability
Field technique personnel can voluntarily select according to the actual needs.The bacterium solution for example can be using above-mentioned
The Cunninghamella bertholletiae bacterium solution that fungi liquid culture medium culture is obtained.The dry powder for example can be by
It is aforesaid to cultivate to the freeze-dried rear dry powder for obtaining of Cunninghamella bertholletiae bacterium solution of logarithmic (log) phase.
Fourth aspect, the invention provides Cunninghamella bertholletiae as above and microbial inoculum as above
Application in degraded Bravo.
5th aspect, the invention provides a kind of method of degraded Bravo, the method includes:Will as above
Described Cunninghamella bertholletiae and/or microbial inoculum as above is contacted with the environment containing Bravo, with right
Bravo in environment is degraded.
The present invention preferably under conditions of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae can survive to environment in hundred bacterium
Degraded clearly.Wherein, term " Cunninghamella bertholletiae can survive " is referred to containing Bravo
Thalline energy in environment, at least above 5%, preferably at least more than 10%, more preferably at least more than 60%
Enough survivals.Term " condition that Cunninghamella bertholletiae can survive " is referred to and at least include in environment Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt
The fundamental prerequisite that Cunninghamella sp can survive, for example, temperature, nutrient source etc., this is this area skill
Well known to art personnel, will not be described here.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, in order to further improve the Cunninghamella bertholletiae in the environment
Survival ability, can be with to the suitable Cunninghamella bertholletiae growth of addition in the environment for needing to repair
Nutrient source, for example, in the culture medium mentioned by a second aspect of the present invention.
According to the present invention, the environment containing Bravo can include any environment containing Bravo, for example,
The environment containing Bravo can include the soil containing Bravo or water body.
According to the present invention, to adding to the shape of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae in the environment containing Bravo
Formula is not particularly limited, as long as the Cunninghamella bertholletiae can contain described after ensureing to add
Effectively degraded is worked and the Bravo carried out in the environment of Bravo.The ash for adding
The form of color Cunninghamella sp, can be the form of bacterium solution for example, or the form of bacterial sediment,
It can also be the form of dry powder.
It was found by the inventors of the present invention that degraded of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae of present invention offer to Bravo has
There are dosage and time effect, for example, in certain scope, can be with described to the degradation rate of Bravo
The rising of Cunninghamella bertholletiae concentration or the prolongation of time and improve.
Therefore, the present invention has no particular limits to the quantity of Cunninghamella bertholletiae for adding, and this can be with
The content of the Bravo in the environment containing Bravo determining, for example, when in the environment
Bravo content is higher or during the environment less favorable for the existence of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae, can
To improve the inoculum concentration of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae;When the Bravo content in the environment is relatively low or institute
State impact of the environment to the existence of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae it is less when, it is possible to reduce little gram of the Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt
The mould inoculum concentration of the Mildy Way.
According to the present invention, when the environment containing Bravo is soil, in order to further promote this
Degradation efficiency of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae of bright offer to Bravo, it is preferred that by the water content in soil
Control is at least 30 weight %, more preferably 40-60 weight %.
Hereinafter will be described the present invention by embodiment.
In following examples:
The compound method of fungi liquid culture medium is:Take 20g glucoses and 5g dehydrated potato powders, spend from
Sub- water is configured to the fluid medium of 1L, and adjusts pH to 6.8-7.0.
The compound method of minimal medium is:Take the KH of 1.5g2PO4, the K of 0.5g2HPO4, 1.5g
NH4NO3, the MgSO of 0.2g4With the NaCl of 1g, deionized water is configured to the solution of 1L,
And pH is adjusted to 6.0~7.5.
The assay method of Bravo content:
In water phase, the liquid containing Bravo is poured in 50mL centrifuge tubes, add 10mL petroleum ether
Oscillation extraction 5 minutes, adds 10mL petroleum ether oscillation extraction 5 minutes, and supernatant 10mL is taken after standing
Anhydrous sodium sulfate 0.4g is added thereto to, dehydration vibration 1 minute takes afterwards 4mL and steams in 40 DEG C of rotations
Send out instrument to rotate to dry, then 10 times are diluted again with 2mL chromatographically pures acetone solution, using following gas phase colors
Spectral condition detects Bravo content.
In soil, 5g drying soil is weighed, add volume ratio to be 1:1 acetone and water 10mL, stand
30 minutes, centrifuging and taking supernatant after vibrating 5 minutes added 5mL petroleum ether oscillation extraction 5 minutes,
So in triplicate, supernatant 10mL is taken after standing and is added thereto to anhydrous sodium sulfate 0.4g, dehydration is shaken
Swing 1 minute, 4mL is taken afterwards and is rotated to dry in 40 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators, then with 2mL chromatograph pure acetones
Dissolving dilutes again 10 times, using following GC conditions detection Bravo contents.
GC conditions are:
Pillar:HT-Pesticides 1;Detector:ECD detectors;Injector temperature:260℃;Post
Temperature:240℃;Detector temperature:280℃;Split ratio:60;Sample size:1μL;Tail blows 60mL/min;
Post pressure:60kpa;Carrier gas flux:1.25mL/min.
The degradation rate of Bravo=(Bravo in sample after the content-process of Bravo in untreated sample
Content) content × 100% of Bravo in/untreated sample
Preparation example
The Cunninghamella bertholletiae of the present invention is activated 2 times in fungi liquid culture medium, the activation exists
10-12 hours are carried out at 28-30 DEG C so that cell concentration reaches 50g dry weights/m3, obtain the ash for activating
Color Cunninghamella sp, saves backup in 4 DEG C.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the Cunninghamella bertholletiae of the present invention in water body to the degraded of Bravo
Performance.
By inorganic salt liquid culture based on 121 DEG C of sterilizing 15min, after being cooled to room temperature, it is added to
Chlorothalonil pesticide so that the content of Bravo reaches 20mg/L.
Fungi liquid culture medium is sterilized 20min at 115 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, by above-mentioned activation
Cunninghamella bertholletiae sterilizing after fungi liquid culture medium culture to logarithmic (log) phase;Then take the logarithm the phase
Culture fluid, is centrifuged 5 minutes under 3000r/min and obtains Cunninghamella bertholletiae dry mycelium.
Weigh 0.5g dry myceliums to add in the above-mentioned inorganic salt liquid culture medium containing Bravo of 10mL so that
The inoculum concentration of Cunninghamella bertholletiae reaches 50g dry weights/m3, then in 170rpm, cultivate at 30 ± 1 DEG C
The degradation rate of Bravo is detected after 24h with gas chromatograph.
The degradation rate for finding Bravo after testing is 89.25%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the Cunninghamella bertholletiae of the present invention in soil to the degraded of Bravo
Performance.
Fungi liquid culture medium is sterilized 20min at 115 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, above-mentioned work is accessed
Fungi liquid culture medium culture after the Cunninghamella bertholletiae sterilizing of change is to logarithmic (log) phase;Then take the logarithm
Phase culture fluid, is centrifuged 5min and obtains Cunninghamella bertholletiae dry mycelium under 3000r/min.
The above-mentioned dry mycelium for obtaining uniformly is applied to into Bravo content in 10mg/kg soil so that soil
The content of funguses reaches 9g dry weights/m in earth3.Porous mulch film is covered in soil surface so that the soil moisture
It is maintained at 20-35 DEG C.Irrigate weekly and plowed soils so that water content is maintained at 40-60 in soil
Weight %.The degradation rate of Bravo is detected after 48 hours with gas chromatograph.
The degradation rate for finding Bravo after testing is 81.26%.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is used to illustrate the degraded situation of Bravo under naturalness.
Method according to embodiment 1 is operated, except for the difference that, not to the inorganic salt liquid culture containing Bravo
0.5g dry myceliums are added in base.
The degradation rate for finding Bravo after testing is 6%.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is used to illustrate the degraded situation of Bravo under naturalness.
Method according to embodiment 2 is operated, and is not 10mg/kg soil to Bravo content except for the difference that
Middle addition dry mycelium.
The degradation rate for finding Bravo after testing is 5%.
Can be seen by the comparison of the comparison of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, and embodiment 2 and comparative example 2
Go out, Cunninghamella bertholletiae has obvious removal effect to the Bravo in soil and water body, can extensively answer
For repairing the environment containing Bravo pollution, there is great meaning to rehabilitating soil and ecological environment problem
Justice.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, but, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, can be to the technical side of the present invention
Case carries out various simple variants, and these simple variants belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that each particular technique described in above-mentioned specific embodiment is special
Levy, in the case of reconcilable, can be combined by any suitable means.In order to avoid need not
The repetition wanted, the present invention is no longer separately illustrated to various possible compound modes.
Additionally, combination in any can also be carried out between a variety of embodiments of the present invention, as long as its
Without prejudice to the thought of the present invention, it should equally be considered as content disclosed in this invention.
Claims (7)
1. one plant of Cunninghamella bertholletiae (Cunninghamella bertholletiae), it is characterised in that
The deposit number of the Cunninghamella bertholletiae is CGMCC No.11115.
2. a kind of cultural method of Cunninghamella bertholletiae:Characterized in that, by described in claim 1
Cunninghamella bertholletiae be seeded in following culture medium and cultivated:
The dehydrated potato powder of the glucose containing 18-22g/L and 3-7g/L, pH is the fungi liquid of 6.8-7.0
Culture medium, or PDA solid mediums.
3. a kind of microbial inoculum, it is characterised in that the microbial inoculum contains the little gram of silver of Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt described in claim 1
The mould thalline of the Chinese is used as active component.
4. microbial inoculum according to claim 3, wherein, the thalline is Cunninghamella bertholletiae
Viable bacteria body and/or dead thalline.
5. the Cunninghamella bertholletiae described in claim 1, the microbial inoculum described in claim 3 or 4 exist
Application in degraded Bravo.
6. it is a kind of degraded Bravo method, it is characterised in that the method includes:By claim 1
Microbial inoculum described in described Cunninghamella bertholletiae and/or claim 3 or 4 and the environment containing Bravo
Contact, to degrade to the Bravo in environment.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, the environment containing Bravo includes soil
Earth or water body.
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CN106591166A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-26 | 粮华生物科技(北京)有限公司 | In-situ bioremediation preparation and remediation method for chlorothalonil contaminated soil |
CN106590685A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-26 | 粮华生物科技(北京)有限公司 | In-situ bioremediation preparation and remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil |
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CN101565687A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-28 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for producing Cunninghamella by liquid-solid dual-phase fermentation |
CN106591165A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-26 | 粮华生物科技(北京)有限公司 | In-situ bioremediation preparation for quinclorac contaminated soil and remediation method |
CN106591166A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-26 | 粮华生物科技(北京)有限公司 | In-situ bioremediation preparation and remediation method for chlorothalonil contaminated soil |
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