CN106590747A - Catalytic pyrolysis gasification method of urban garbage - Google Patents

Catalytic pyrolysis gasification method of urban garbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106590747A
CN106590747A CN201611196784.5A CN201611196784A CN106590747A CN 106590747 A CN106590747 A CN 106590747A CN 201611196784 A CN201611196784 A CN 201611196784A CN 106590747 A CN106590747 A CN 106590747A
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municipal refuse
catalyst
gasification
silicate
aluminate
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CN106590747B (en
Inventor
王志青
梅艳钢
黄戒介
房倚天
董立波
王志宇
赵建涛
李春玉
张永奇
李莉
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Shanxi Institute of Coal Chemistry of CAS
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Shanxi Institute of Coal Chemistry of CAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/463—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension in stationary fluidised beds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts

Abstract

The invention relates to a garbage treatment method which comprises the following specific steps: loading urban garbage with the aluminate and silicate of an alkali metal with a high melting point and low volatility at a certain loading capacity; pyrolyzing at 300-900 DEG C; gasifying at 800-1,200 DEG C to obtain catalyst-containing gasified residues; and washing to realize catalyst recycling. The aluminate and silicate of the alkali metal are applied to the catalytic gasification treatment of urban garbage; and the catalyst has the advantages of good catalysis property, low volatility at high temperature, little equipment corrosion, high ash melting temperature and simplicity in recycling.

Description

A kind of method of municipal refuse catalytic pyrolysis gasification
Technical field
The invention belongs to treatment of urban garbage field, and in particular to a kind of method of municipal refuse catalytic pyrolysis gasification.
Background technology
In recent years with urbanization and the fast development of urbanization, the yield of domestic waste sharp increasing, The environmental pollution caused with municipal refuse has become each big and medium-sized cities problem in the urgent need to address.At present China is big Part rubbish is processed by the way of landfill, compost, burning, but the trash processing way of landfill, compost has occupation of land Area is big, the problems such as easily cause secondary pollution, polluted underground water, burning is a kind of efficient, quick trash processing way, but is fired The pollutant such as bioxin are produced during burning secondary hazards are also easy to produce to environment, therefore, explore a kind of rubbish efficiently, environmentally friendly Processing mode is extremely necessary.
Process of the developed country to rubbish at present has carried out beneficial exploration, and urban refuse thermal decomposition, gasification are changed into into height The combustion gas of calorific value is recycled, and municipal refuse is pyrolyzed, the energy that gasification process can be reclaimed in rubbish, reduces rubbish The cost of process, while reducing the secondary hazards to environment.The pyrolysis of municipal refuse, gasification process side are that a kind of border is friendly, high Quick trash processing way is imitated, the secondary utilization of giving energy by burning refuse is realized while rubbish is processed, be that one kind has extensively The technology of garbage disposal of application prospect.
But because municipal refuse composition is complicated, food residues, plastics, paper, timber etc. are mainly consisted of, different component Pyrolysis temperature is interval, and thermal decomposition product is not quite similar, and the gasification property of different component also has certain difference, and this is produced to gasification operation Raw detrimental effect.Alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal are added on pyrolysis, gasification and can play certain catalytic action, by alkali gold Category, the application of alkaline-earth metals have had to coal catalysis pyrolysis, gasification widely to be studied, alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal addition can To significantly reduce gasification temperature, gasification reaction speed is improved.Bao Tao is introduced in patent CN200810230310.7 and known clearly with molten Melt the catalysis gasification method that alkali metal is catalyst, Wang Jie is described in patent CN200810033930.1 should by alkaline-earth metal Ca For the method for catalytic gasification.Base metal catalysts are the excellent catalyst of catalytic gasification, traditional base metal catalysts Na2CO3、K2CO3, KOH etc. due to fusing point it is relatively low, the alkali metal volatilization of part is had under conditions of high temperature to gas phase, evaporate into The alkali metal of gas phase can be attached to the surface of equipment, while producing certain corrosion to equipment, also result in the stream of catalyst Lose.And gasification of refuse is in order that harmful substance decomposes and generally gasifies under the high temperature conditions, therefore a kind of at high temperature low wave Send out, hardly possible inactivation, the base metal catalysts for easily reclaiming are very necessary for the industrialization of rubbish catalytic gasification.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of catalyst is easily reclaimed, the side of the little municipal refuse catalytic pyrolysis gasification of corrosivity Method.
Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems is：
The present invention is to provide a kind of method for the treatment of of urban garbage, and the municipal refuse that catalyst is loaded is through pyrolysis, gas Combustion gas is prepared after change, while realizing the process of rubbish.Catalyst is alkali metal aluminate or/and silicate, and the catalyst has Easily reclaim, the characteristics of fusing point is high, volatility is low.Lime-ash after gasification realizes the recovery of catalyst after washing filtering.
The present invention is a kind of method of municipal refuse catalytic gasification, is comprised the following steps：
(1) by base metal catalysts by impregnate, spray or mechanical mixture in the way of mix with municipal refuse, obtain after mixing The municipal refuse of supported catalyst, the aluminate of Na or/and the load capacity of silicate be 1-5wt%, the aluminate or/and silicon of K The load capacity of hydrochlorate is 1-8wt%；
(2) municipal refuse of supported catalyst is added in gasification furnace, operation temperature is 800-1200 DEG C, and pressure is 0- 5MP, gasifying agent is air, oxygen, water vapour, CO2One or several；
(3) gasification slag is put in water, 1-2h is stirred at 50-90 DEG C, then filter cake is washed after sucking filtration, contained The solution of aluminate and silicate, realizes that catalyst is reclaimed, and the addition of wherein water is 1-100 times of gasification lime-ash quality.
Described municipal refuse be it is sorted after municipal refuse, refuse thermal value should be greater than 4000KJ/kg, mainly consists of Plastics, waste paper, waste wood, medicated clothing, food debriss etc..
The aluminate of the Na is sodium aluminate, sodium metaaluminate, silicate are sodium silicate.
The aluminate of described K is potassium aluminate, and silicate is potassium silicate.
Described gasification furnace is fixed-bed gasification furnace, fluidized-bed gasification furnace, fixed-bed gasification furnace.
The amount of the gasifying agent is 1.2-7 times of municipal refuse quality.
Described catalyst infusion process is comprised the following steps：
1) base metal catalysts are weighed according to load capacity, after adding water, is sufficiently stirred for, obtained containing base metal catalysts Solution, water addition is 20-100 times of base metal catalysts quality；
2) will crush, dried municipal refuse is poured in the solution of preparation, heat at 50-90 DEG C, and be kept stirring for, Until obvious liquid phase disappears；
3) compounding substances for obtaining are dried 2-12h at 80-110 DEG C, obtain the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
The mechanical mixing is comprised the following steps：
Base metal catalysts are mixed with municipal refuse, after grinding 3-10min on oscillating mill after mixing, machine is obtained Tool mixing method prepares the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
The spraying is comprised the following steps：
(1) base metal catalysts are weighed according to load capacity, 0.5-10 times of water is added on the basis of municipal refuse, and heated To 40-90 DEG C；
(2) alkali metal catalyst solution is loaded on municipal refuse in the form of spraying, and at 80-110 DEG C 2-12h is dried, Obtain the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows with technique effect：
1st, alkali-metal aluminate, silicate can significantly reduce gasification temperature, improve the reaction rate of gasification；
2nd, alkali metal aluminate, silicate tradition Alkali-Metal Na2CO3、K2CO3Compare, catalyst recovery yield height (85- 98%), alkali metal corrosivity are little；
3rd, gasify lime-ash melt temperature it is higher (>1200 DEG C), it is to avoid melting slagging scorification phenomenon is produced in gasification.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below by embodiment, but invention protection domain is not limited in described Hold.
Embodiment 1：The present embodiment with municipal refuse as sample, with sodium aluminate and sodium silicate as catalyst, using fixed bed Gasification furnace, is loaded to catalyst on municipal refuse by solution dipping method.The main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
The main composition of the rubbish of table 1.
Waste paper Plastics Timber Medicated clothing Food debriss Other
15.3% 21.1% 7.3% 8.1% 41.2% 7%
Catalyst support step is as follows：
1) sodium aluminate and sodium silicate mass ratio are 1, and the mass ratio of water and sodium aluminate is 40, and the mass ratio of water and sodium silicate is 40, mixture is stirred to being completely dissolved at 60 DEG C；
2) alkali metal Na mass is the 1wt% of municipal refuse quality, and the municipal refuse after crushing is added in solution, Stir and keeping temperature is until form slurry like material；
3) slurry like material for obtaining is dried 12h at 110 DEG C, obtains the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
The municipal refuse of supported catalyst is taken, fixed-bed gasification furnace gasification is added, alkali metal Na mass is city rubbish The 1wt% of rubbish quality, sodium aluminate and sodium silicate mass ratio are 1, and pressure is 0.1MP, and gasification temperature is 800 DEG C, and gasifying agent is sky Gas and CO2, air/municipal refuse mass ratio is 1.8, CO2/ municipal refuse mass ratio is 3.Residue after gasifying is 20 by liquid-solid ratio, will Gasification slag is put in water, under temperature 50 C, after stirring leaching 1h, after filtering and washs filter cake, obtain containing sodium aluminate with The solution of sodium silicate.Charcoal percent conversion is shown in Table 2 with catalyst recovery yield after reaction.
Embodiment 2：The present embodiment, with sodium aluminate as catalyst, using fluidized-bed gasification furnace, leads to municipal refuse as sample Cross mechanical mixing sodium aluminate to be loaded on municipal refuse, the main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
Catalyst support step is as follows：
Alkali metal Na mass is the 5wt% of municipal refuse quality, sodium aluminate is mixed with municipal refuse and is put into vibration In pulverizer, take out after grinding 5min, obtain the municipal refuse that mechanical mixing prepares catalyst load.
The municipal refuse of load sodium aluminate is taken, fluidized-bed gasification furnace gasification is added, alkali metal Na mass is city rubbish The 5wt% of rubbish quality, pressure is 3MP, and gasification temperature is 1000 DEG C, and gasifying agent is air and water vapour, air/municipal refuse matter Than being 4, water vapour/municipal refuse mass ratio is 2 to amount.Residue after gasifying is 40 by liquid-solid ratio, gasification slag is put in water, in temperature At 60 DEG C, after stirring leaching 1h, after filtering and filter cake is washed, obtain the solution containing sodium aluminate and sodium silicate.Carbon after reaction Conversion ratio and catalyst recovery yield be shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 3：The present embodiment, with potassium aluminate as catalyst, using airflow bed gasification furnace, leads to municipal refuse as sample Cross spraying potassium aluminate to be loaded on municipal refuse, the main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
Catalyst support step is as follows：
1) alkali metal element K quality is the 8wt% of municipal refuse quality, is prepared as 20 with the mass ratio of potassium aluminate with water and is urged Agent solution, and it is heated to 80 DEG C；
2) solution of preparation is sprayed onto on municipal refuse with Sprayable, at 80 DEG C 12h is dried, obtain supported catalyst Municipal refuse.
The municipal refuse of load potassium aluminate is taken, airflow bed gasification furnace gasification is added, the load capacity of alkali metal K is 8wt%, is pressed Power is 5MP, and gasification temperature is 1200 DEG C, and gasifying agent is oxygen and water vapour, and oxygen/municipal refuse mass ratio is 0.8, and water steams Vapour/municipal refuse mass ratio is 3.Residue after gasifying is 60 by liquid-solid ratio, and gasification slag is put in water, under temperature 70 C, stirring After leaching 1h, after filtering and filter cake is washed, obtain the solution containing potassium aluminate and potassium silicate.After reaction charcoal percent conversion with urge The agent response rate is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 4：The present embodiment, with potassium silicate as catalyst, using fixed-bed gasification furnace, leads to municipal refuse as sample Cross solution dipping method potassium silicate to be loaded on municipal refuse, the main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
Catalyst support step is as follows：
1) mass ratio of water and potassium silicate is 40, and mixture is stirred to being completely dissolved at 80 DEG C；
2) alkali metal element K quality is the 2wt% of municipal refuse quality, and the municipal refuse after crushing is added in solution, Stir and keeping temperature is until form slurry like material；
3) slurry like material for obtaining is dried 12h at 110 DEG C, obtains the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
The municipal refuse of load potassium silicate is taken, fixed-bed gasification furnace gasification is added, alkali metal element K quality is municipal refuse The 2wt% of quality, pressure is 3MP, and gasification temperature is 1000 DEG C, and gasifying agent is oxygen, and oxygen/municipal refuse mass ratio is 1.3. Residue after gasifying is 1 by liquid-solid ratio, and gasification slag is put in water, at 80 DEG C of temperature, after stirring leaching 1h, after filtering and is washed Filter cake, obtains the solution containing potassium silicate and potassium aluminate.Charcoal percent conversion is shown in Table 2 with catalyst recovery yield after reaction.
Embodiment 5：The present embodiment, with sodium silicate as catalyst, using fixed-bed gasification furnace, leads to municipal refuse as sample Cross solution dipping method sodium silicate to be loaded on municipal refuse, the main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
Catalyst support step is as follows：
1) mass ratio of water and sodium silicate is 40, and mixture is stirred to being completely dissolved at 80 DEG C；
2) alkali metal Na mass is the 3wt% of municipal refuse quality, and the municipal refuse after crushing is added in solution, Stir and keeping temperature is until form slurry like material；
3) slurry like material for obtaining is dried 12h at 110 DEG C, obtains the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
The municipal refuse of load sodium silicate is taken, fixed-bed gasification furnace gasification is added, alkali metal Na mass is city rubbish The 3wt% of rubbish quality, pressure is 4MP, and gasification temperature is 1100 DEG C, and gasifying agent is air, and air/municipal refuse mass ratio is 6. Residue after gasifying is 10 by liquid-solid ratio, and gasification slag is put in water, at 90 DEG C of temperature, after stirring leaching 1h, after filtering and is washed Filter cake is washed, the solution containing sodium aluminate and sodium silicate is obtained.Charcoal percent conversion is shown in Table 2 with catalyst recovery yield after reaction.
Embodiment 6：The present embodiment with municipal refuse as sample, with sodium metaaluminate as catalyst, using fixed-bed gasification furnace, Sodium metaaluminate is loaded on municipal refuse by solution dipping method.The main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
Catalyst support step is as follows：
1) mass ratio of water and sodium metaaluminate is 40, and mixture is stirred to being completely dissolved at 80 DEG C；
2) alkali metal Na mass is the 2wt% of municipal refuse quality, and the municipal refuse after crushing is added in solution, Stir and keeping temperature is until form slurry like material；
3) slurry like material for obtaining is dried 12h at 110 DEG C, obtains the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
The municipal refuse of load sodium metaaluminate is taken, fixed-bed gasification furnace gasification is added, alkali metal Na mass is city The 2wt% of rubbish quality, pressure is 2MP, and gasification temperature is 1000 DEG C, and gasifying agent is oxygen and CO2, oxygen/municipal refuse matter Amount is than being 0.8, CO2/ municipal refuse mass ratio is 4.Residue after gasifying is 20 by liquid-solid ratio, gasification slag is put in water, in temperature At 70 DEG C, after stirring leaching 1h, after filtering and filter cake is washed, obtain the solution containing sodium aluminate and sodium silicate.Carbon after reaction Conversion ratio and catalyst recovery yield be shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 7：The present embodiment with municipal refuse as sample, with sodium silicate and potassium silicate as catalyst, using fixed bed Gasification furnace, is loaded to sodium silicate and potassium silicate on municipal refuse by solution dipping method, and the main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
Catalyst support step is as follows：
1) mass ratio of water and sodium silicate is 20, and the mass ratio of water and potassium silicate is 20, mixture stir at 80 DEG C to It is completely dissolved；
2) alkali metal Na mass is the 2wt% of municipal refuse quality, and alkali metal element K quality is municipal refuse quality 2wt%, municipal refuse after crushing is added in solution, stirring and keeping temperature is until form slurry like material；
3) slurry like material for obtaining is dried 12h at 110 DEG C, obtains the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
The municipal refuse of supported catalyst is taken, fixed-bed gasification furnace gasification is added, alkali-metal load capacity is 4wt%, Na： K=1 (mass ratio), pressure is 2MP, and gasification temperature is 1100 DEG C, and gasifying agent is air and water vapour, air/municipal refuse matter Than being 4, water vapour/municipal refuse mass ratio is 2 to amount.Residue after gasifying is 40 by liquid-solid ratio, gasification slag is put in water, in temperature At 80 DEG C, after stirring leaching 1h, after filtering and filter cake is washed, obtained containing sodium aluminate, sodium silicate, potassium aluminate and potassium silicate Solution.Charcoal percent conversion is shown in Table 2 with catalyst recovery yield after reaction.
Comparative example 1：The present embodiment with municipal refuse as sample, using fixed-bed gasification furnace gasify, gasifying agent be air with CO2, the mass ratio of air/municipal refuse is 1.8, CO2The mass ratio of/municipal refuse is 3, and gasification temperature is 800 DEG C, and pressure is 0.1MP.Charcoal percent conversion is determined after reaction.
Comparative example 2：The present embodiment with municipal refuse as sample, using fixed-bed gasification furnace gasify, gasifying agent be oxygen with Water vapour, the mass ratio of oxygen/municipal refuse is 0.8, and the mass ratio of water vapour/municipal refuse is 3, and gasification temperature is 1200 DEG C, pressure is 5MP.Charcoal percent conversion is determined after reaction.
Comparative example 3：The present embodiment with municipal refuse as sample, with Na2CO3For catalyst, using fixed-bed gasification furnace, lead to Mechanical mixing is crossed by Na2CO3Load on municipal refuse, the main composition of rubbish is shown in Table 1.
Catalyst support step is as follows：
Alkali metal Na mass is the 5wt% of municipal refuse quality, by Na2CO3Mix with municipal refuse and be put into vibration powder In broken machine, take out after grinding 5min, obtain the municipal refuse that mechanical mixing prepares catalyst load.
Take load Na2CO3Municipal refuse, add fixed-bed gasification furnace gasification, alkali metal Na mass be municipal refuse The 5wt% of quality, pressure is 3MP, and gasification temperature is 1000 DEG C, and gasifying agent is air and water vapour, air/municipal refuse quality Than for 4, water vapour/municipal refuse mass ratio is 2.Residue after gasifying is 40 by liquid-solid ratio, gasification slag is put in water, in temperature 60 At DEG C, after stirring leaching 1h, after filtering and filter cake is washed, obtained containing Na2CO3Solution.After reaction charcoal percent conversion with urge The agent response rate is shown in Table 2.
Charcoal percent conversion and catalyst recovery yield in embodiment under the different condition of table 2.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of method of municipal refuse catalytic pyrolysis gasification, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）By base metal catalysts by impregnate, spray or mechanical mixture in the way of mix with municipal refuse, loaded after mixing The municipal refuse of catalyst, the aluminate of Na or/and the load capacity of silicate be 1-5 wt%, the aluminate or/and silicate of K Load capacity be 1-8 wt%；
（2）The municipal refuse of supported catalyst is added in gasification furnace, operation temperature is 800-1200 DEG C, pressure is 0-5 MP, Gasifying agent is air, oxygen, water vapour, CO2One or several；
（3）Gasification slag is put in water, 1-2 h are stirred at 50-90 DEG C, then filter cake is washed after sucking filtration, obtained containing aluminum The solution of hydrochlorate and silicate, realizes that catalyst is reclaimed, and the addition of wherein water is 1-100 times of gasification lime-ash quality.
2. a kind of method of municipal refuse catalytic pyrolysis gasification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described city rubbish Rubbish be it is sorted after municipal refuse, refuse thermal value should be greater than 4000 KJ/kg, mainly consists of plastics, waste paper, waste wood, clothing Thing or food debriss.
3. a kind of method of municipal refuse catalytic pyrolysis gasification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminic acid of the Na Salt is sodium aluminate, sodium metaaluminate, silicate are sodium silicate.
4. a kind of method of municipal refuse catalytic pyrolysis gasification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminic acid of described K Salt is potassium aluminate, and silicate is potassium silicate；
Described gasification furnace is fixed-bed gasification furnace, fluidized-bed gasification furnace, fixed-bed gasification furnace；
The amount of the gasifying agent is 1.2-7 times of municipal refuse quality；
Described catalyst infusion process is comprised the following steps：
1）Base metal catalysts are weighed according to load capacity, after adding water, is sufficiently stirred for, obtained containing the molten of base metal catalysts Liquid, water addition is 20-100 times of base metal catalysts quality；
2）To crush, dried municipal refuse is poured in the solution of preparation, heat at 50-90 DEG C, and be kept stirring for, until Significantly liquid phase disappears；
3）The compounding substances for obtaining are dried 2-12 h at 80-110 DEG C, obtain the municipal refuse of supported catalyst；
The mechanical mixing is comprised the following steps：
Base metal catalysts are mixed with municipal refuse, after grinding 3-10 min on oscillating mill after mixing, machinery is obtained Mixing method prepares the municipal refuse of supported catalyst；
The spraying is comprised the following steps：
(1) base metal catalysts are weighed according to load capacity, 0.5-10 times of water is added on the basis of municipal refuse, and be heated to 40-90℃；
(2) alkali metal catalyst solution is loaded on municipal refuse in the form of spraying, and 2-12 h are dried at 80-110 DEG C, is obtained To the municipal refuse of supported catalyst.
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