CN106587308A - Method for treating eutrophic water body through iron salt - Google Patents
Method for treating eutrophic water body through iron salt Download PDFInfo
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- CN106587308A CN106587308A CN201710035991.0A CN201710035991A CN106587308A CN 106587308 A CN106587308 A CN 106587308A CN 201710035991 A CN201710035991 A CN 201710035991A CN 106587308 A CN106587308 A CN 106587308A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
Abstract
The invention belongs to methods for treating water, waste water and sewage and provides a method for treating a eutrophic water body through iron salt. One of or a combination of iron salt FeCl3, Fe2(SO4)3, FeSO4 and FeCl3*6H2O is taken as a flocculent precipitant and mixed with lake water, and a 1%-5% (w/w) solution is prepared and sprayed on the surface of the water body in an atomization manner; water in the water body is weakly basic lake water with the pH value higher than or equal to 7.5; the solution can be blanket-sprayed multiple times every day according to the area of the water body, and the concentration of total phosphorus is detected regularly until the concentration of total phosphorus is lower than 0.005 mg L <-1> and meets the requirement for first-class water quality. The method aims at precipitated and passivated phosphorus in large water bodies such as eutrophic lakes, reservoirs and the like and can restrain proliferation of algae such as blue-green algae and the like and flocculate and precipitate solids in suspended state, the purpose of in-site repair of water quality is achieved, operation is simple, the cost is low, and the effect is remarkable and can be found usually in half a year.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the processing method of earth's surface water eutrophication, and in particular to the method for administering eutrophication water.
Technical background
The eutrophication (Eutrophication) of water body in lake is the water environment pollution problem that the whole world is all present.Cause
The main cause of body eutrophication is nitrogen, phosphorus concentration rising.The international indicator of lake eutrophication is:Total nitrogen concentration > 0.21
mg L-1With the mg L of total phosphorus concentration > 0.02-1.China's lake nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and cause eutrophication account for statistics lake 50%
More than, most lake total nitrogen concentrations are higher by 5 ~ 12.5 times than above-mentioned standard, and total phosphorus is higher by 10 ~ 50 times.Although nitrogen and phosphorus are all algae
The biological important nutrient of class, but this kind of biology is more sensitive to the dependence of phosphorus.When phosphorus is in low concentration, even if nitrogen concentration
The needs of algae bio can be met, its fertility also can be suppressed greatly.For this purpose, the eutrophication of control water body can lay particular emphasis on control
Phosphorus content in water body processed(Shao Linguang, trip reflects nine etc. effect [J] of the control phosphorus dephosphorization in body eutrophication control. environment
With exploitation, 1999 (2): 19-20.).
It is external in last century the seventies and the eighties, with regard to agent precipitates such as useful alum, aluminum sulfate, ferric aluminium sulfates and
A large amount of reports of the passivation phosphorus as eutrophic lake Water quality restoration technology.Brett etc. think with aluminum sulfate when can be by a relatively large margin
Lake water pH value is reduced, when pH value≤6.0, dissociate aluminium ion (Al3+) concentration can the mg L of > 0.050-1, harmful to human be good for
Health, therefore proposition basic aluminium sulphate replaces aluminum sulfate to process lake water, makes lake water pH maintain the level of > 6.Additionally, Jacoby
Deng 181 tons of alum of input and 76.5 tons of sodium aluminates in U.S. Green lakes, the nutritive salt being passivated in water body, lake water transparency is made
6.1 m are risen to from 1.9 m, it will be apparent that reduce water body phosphorus concentration, it is suppressed that algal grown(Jacoby, J.M., et.
al., Response of a shallow, polymictic Lake to buffered alum treatment. Lake
Reservoir Manage. 1994, 10(2):103-112).Jacob etc. is respectively 12 km to the area of Southern California of the U.S.2
And 11.4km 2, mean depth be 4 m and two lakes of 7.3 m --- the water sample in Elsinore lakes and Big Bear lakes, in reality
Test in room and be Al2(SO4)3·18H2The research of O dephosphorization, the wherein total phosphorus concentration in Elsinore lakes are 0.3 mg L-1, dosage
For 20 mg L-1 Al3+During ion concentration, the lake water in two lakes is able to maintain that original pH value, the process X-ray diffraction and sweeps
The property for retouching electron microscopy study product and the zirlite (gibbsite) for crystallizing out.
The present inventor's early stage " a kind of liquid absorbent and is controlled with Chinese patent 200910094667.1 [P] .2011-03-09
The method of reason water body in lake arsenic pollution " is with 4200 tons of FeCl3Water capacity is reduced for 600,000,000 m3Positive ancestor sea lake arsenic concentration,
Arsenic concentration is set to be down to 0.003~0.008mg/L from 0.110~0.130mg/L, less than national standards for drinking water quality
(GB5749-2006) 0.010mg/L that the 0.050mg/L and World Health Organization's drinking water quality standard of regulation specifies.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide the method for administering eutrophication water with molysite, the method is a kind of with molysite as flocculation
Agent solution sprays eutrophication water, precipitation and passivation phosphorus, containment algae reproduction, the method for reaching pollution administration in situ.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Use FeCl3Or FeCl3·6H2O or Fe2(SO4)3Or FeSO4The combination of one or two molysite as precipitating and be passivated phosphorus
Phosphor-curing agent, being prepared selected phosphor-curing agent with lake water becomes the phosphor-curing agent solution of 1% (w/w) ~ 5% (w/w), pH value 0.5 ~ 2.5,
The sprinkling water surface.
Further, the eutrophication water is surface water, including lake, reservoir and park landscape water, water quality HCO3 -
Concentration >=50 mg L-1, pH>7.0 alkalescent water.
Preferably, the phosphor-curing agent is FeCl3·6H2O;The solution that the lake water is prepared with selected phosphor-curing agent its pH value is
1.0~2.0。
Preferably, the quantity system of the phosphor-curing agent solution in water surface sprinkling is according to the size of water body capacity, daily carpet
Solution of the formula atomized spray containing tens kilograms to several tons phosphor-curing agents, until the total phosphorus concentration of water body meets I classes water quality≤0.005
mg L-1Requirement.
Above-described water quality contains [HCO3 -]≥50 mg L-1, pH >=7.5, the i.e. alkalescent water containing heavy carbonate
Matter.
FeCl used above3、FeCl3·6H2O、Fe2(SO4)3And FeSO4Molysite with technical grade reagent, but can need to be controlled strictly
Make the content of As, Cd, Hg therein etc..
Implementation process of the present invention includes:
Large-size lake can be designed carries out blanket type sprinkling with sprinkling ship, it is also possible to which general aviation aircraft sprays;It is more than one hundred million for water capacity
The large-size lake and reservoir of cubic meter, daily sprayable several tons of FeCl3The solution of preparation;Small-scale Landscape Water Bodies then need control one
Dosage is set to reach 20 mg L in the moon or several months-1~120 mg L-1FeCl3Dosage.
After the present invention is administered, oxo-anions and the iron ion coordination bonding of phosphorus together sink under water for solid phase,
The concentration that phosphorus can be made is reduced to the mg L of < 0.005-1I class water standard require.
Present invention FeCl3The mechanism that phosphorus is precipitated and be passivated from water body is complicated, and inventor thinks mainly to there occurs
Three classes are reacted:
(1)Fe3+Difficulty soluble salt is formed with phosphorus oxygen anion:
pK sp=30.9
pK sp=26.6
pK sp =21.9
(2)FeCl3Hydrolyze rapidly in alkalescent water body, generate amorphous ferric hydroxide precipitation, condensation dehydration is ferrihydrite.Water
The H that solution is generated+Then by HCO3 -Neutralization:
(2)Fe3+Hydrolysis produces hydroxyl (- OH) avtive spot and H in flocculate precipitate solid phase2PO4 -Generation ligand exchange:
The reaction of the class of the above three is fast reaction, therefore, engineering construction atomized spray FeCl3During solution, can make without the need for stirring
Phosphorus in water body is deposited in bottom sediment.
The present invention has the advantages that:
1. present invention molysite class makees flocculant, precipitation and the phosphorus being passivated in water body have that method is simple to operate, reagent dosage not
Height, many advantages, such as with low cost, and the efficiency high of precipitation phosphorus, it is reduced to can the titanium pigment concentration in eutrophication water
0.005 mg L-1, even up to can't detect phosphorus (the mg L of < 0.001-1)。
2. the present invention puts into the reagent FeCl of water body3When, containing only Fe3+And Cl-.Due to containing HCO in water body3 -, define
The buffer solution of stable pH, throws in and after molysite the pH value of water body can be kept to be basically unchanged.And in the alkalescent water body of pH > 7.0,
Fe3+It is hydrolyzed to the very low FeOOH of solubility and sinks in deposit, Fe is can't detect in water body3+, increase simply
The Cl of ecology is not affected-。
3. the FePO sunk in deposit4Or on the ferrihydrite avtive spot coordination bonding H2PO4 -Fe-P-O solid phases
Thing has suitable stability, all will not suddenly discharge and cause secondary pollution.
The present invention precipitates and is passivated phosphorus using molysite from water body, the amorphous Fe (OH) that iron salt hydrolysis are first produced3Can be by
Ferrihydrite [Ferrihydrite, FeO (OH)] is gradually converted into, Fe is eventually converted into2O3.During lake water pH > 7, detect in lake water
Less than iron ion, the growth of health and water plant is not affected.Meanwhile, the molysite of present invention input water body, for by arsenic
The water body of pollution also has obvious adsorption precipitation effect.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 precipitates phosphorus from Yang Zonghai lakes
Accumulate 31 km in Yunnan plateau lake Yang Zong seas2, the m of mean depth 20, reservoir storage 6.04 × 108 m3.In June, 2008, sun
Ancestor sea there occurs the great environmental accident of arsenic pollution, lacks administer the possible technique scheme for repairing water quality both at home and abroad.In fact,
Positive ancestor sea is not singly, by arsenic pollution, but to be polluted simultaneously by arsenic and phosphorus.From Yunnan Province's environmental monitoring 16 days July in 2008 of central station
A spring issue enforcement monitoring to positive ancestor sea lake surface southwest corner bank shows, in the 4 sub-sampling water in first quarter moon, averagely
PH is 6.8, and less than lake water pH8.5 ~ 9.0, highest arsenic concentration is 67.70 mg L-1, highest total phosphorus concentration is 25.10 mg L-1。
Find 5 springs on southwest corner bank again within 2010, then 9 ~ November is to 4#Spring and 5#The monitoring at spring shows, two springs
The highest arsenic concentration of water is respectively 55.90 mg L-1With 73.30 mg L-1;Highest total phosphorus concentration is respectively 22.20 mg L-1With
26.40 mg L-1.From 2007 ~ 2009 years, the mean annual concentration of the extra large full lake total phosphorus of positive ancestor was respectively 0.022 mg L-1、0.035
mg L-1With 0.047 mg L-1, occur raising trend year by year.
In September, 2009, Government of Yunnan Province is determined using the patent of the present inventor(The patent No.:ZL.200910094667.1)
To positive ancestor sea lake water atomized spray FeCl3Solution carries out in-situ treatment precipitation arsenic.From October then, with 10 sprinkling ships daily two
Secondary blanket type atomized spray FeCl3Solution, daily FeCl3About 4.2 tons of total amount, being prepared with lake water becomes the 1% (w/ of (w/w) ~ 5%
W), the solution of pH value 0.5 ~ 2.5, sprays the water surface, and outside full lake arsenic removal declines, the concentration of phosphorus also declines month by month, i.e., full lake arsenic and
The concentration of phosphorus synchronously declines.Reported according to the aquatic monitoring of Yunnan Province's environmental monitoring net, phosphorus concentration data see the table below 1:
1 2010 years and 2011 sprinkling FeCl of table3Positive ancestor sea lake total phosphorus concentration during solution(mg L-1)
Month | 2010 | 2011 |
1 | —— | 0.049 |
2 | —— | 0.031 |
3 | 0.047 | 0.027 |
4 | 0.037 | 0.028 |
5 | 0.031 | 0.023 |
6 | 0.037 | 0.027 |
7 | 0.038 | 0.021 |
8 | 0.017 | 0.031 |
9 | 0.019 | 0.023 |
*Do not announce in January, 2010, the data network of 2 months, 10 ~ December does not include table 1 for the arsenic phosphorus concentration bounce-back that rainy season causes
In.
By data in table 1, if lake water capacity in 2010 is still 6.0 × 108 m3, then March to July co-precipitation phosphorus can be calculated about
For 16.8 tons, lake water capacity is set within 2011 as 5.6 × 108 m3, then January to September co-precipitation phosphorus be about 11.8 tons.
Case above shows, in large-size lake water body, the present invention can effectively reduce phosphorus concentration.
Embodiment 2 precipitates phosphorus effect from the lake water of 50 L sun ancestors sea
On December 7th, 2011, from the Yang Zonghai lakes middle part L of water sampling 50 in a Plastic Drum, analysis determines arsenic concentration and is
0.075 mg L-1, total phosphorus concentration is 0.040 mg L-1, pH is 8.65.According to FeCl3Dosage is 3.0 mg L-1Add water
Sample, the h of manual agitation 1 places ageing.From supernatant sample analysis, arsenic concentration was 0.002 mg L on 10th-1, to arsenic when 85 days
Concentration is 0.001 mg L-1, arsenic concentration is less than Monitoring lower-cut when 240 days(<0.001 mg L-1).Thereafter every 200 days or so
Sample analysis are once(Per sub-sampling the previous day, 1 h of artificial stirring), can't detect arsenic.The same time-division is sampled when being aged 1840 days
Arsenic and total phosphorus are analysed, as a result the two concentration is below Monitoring lower-cut, pH=8.63.
Above example shows:(1)With 3.0 mg L-1FeCl3Dosage, you can make 0.075 mg L-1Arsenic and 0.040
mg L-1Total phosphorus fully enter in sediment.(2)After soaking 1840 days in lake water, there is not " release " now in two kinds of elements
As.(3)The pH value of lake water is always maintained at constant.
Embodiment 3 precipitates phosphorus effect from the lake water of 1 L sun ancestors sea
Take the L of water sample 1 same as Example 2 to be contained in glass beaker, total phosphorus concentration is 0.040 mg L-1, add and contain FeCl3
20 mg, pH value are 2.0 storing solution, and the min of electromagnetic agitation 30 stands overnight, and from supernatant about 30 mL, Jing filter paper mistakes are sampled
After filter, the remaining solubility total phosphorus concentration of analysis is 0.001 mg L-1, primary sedimentation rate reaches 97.5%.
Embodiment 4 precipitates the effect of phosphorus from the lake water of Dian Chi
The km of Dianchi lake area 306312, the m of mean depth 5.0, the m of maximum water depth 8.0, the m of reservoir storage 15.7 hundred million3(2007 moneys
Material), it is the maximum plateau lake in Yunnan, it is also one of lake of China's pollution most serious.From input improvement in 1993 ~ 2002 years
Funds are just more than 4,000,000,000 yuans(Data in 2002).Then add up up to more than 400 hundred million yuan of people to funds are administered when 2016
People's coin.It is the main cause for causing blue-green algae to overgrow that excessive nitrogen, phosphorus imports Dian Chi from surface water and causes eutrophication.Reduce Yunnan
Phosphorus concentration in water body and change Phosphorus in Sediments occurrence status should become the extremely important approach of improvement Dianchi Lake Pollution it
One.
Inventor herein's on December 5th, 2016, respectively water sampling carried out using FeCl from Caohai of Dianchi Lake and Dianchi Lake3It is molten
The experiment of liquid precipitate and passivation phosphorus, it is as a result as follows:
(1)Caohai of Dianchi Lake water sample 1L is taken in glass beaker, pH=8.21 is measured, [HCO3 -]=184.6 mg L-1, total phosphorus concentration
[TP]=0.204 mg L-1;Add and contain 20 mg FeCl3, the storing solution that pH value is 1.5, the min of electromagnetic agitation 5 stands overnight.
From supernatant sampling, the supernatant after filter paper is filtered measures its pH=6.88, the remnants mg L of [TP]=0.002-1, primary sedimentation phosphorus
Reach 99.0%.
(2)The L of Dianchi Lake water sample 1 is taken in glass beaker, pH=8.17 is measured, [HCO3 -]=125.1 mg L-1, total phosphorus
Concentration [TP]=0.485 mg L-1;Add and contain 20 mg FeCl3, the storing solution that pH value is 1.5, the min of electromagnetic agitation 5, stand
Overnight.From supernatant sampling, the supernatant after filter paper is filtered measures its pH=7.03, the remnants mg L of [TP]=0.019-1, once sink
Shallow lake phosphorus reaches 96.1%.
The result of the above two can be seen that:FeCl3Can be with the phosphorus in High-rate sedimentation Caohai of Dianchi Lake and off-lying sea water body.1 L's
When carrying out precipitation reaction in finite volume, the pH value of lake water has certain reduction, but according to embodiment 1 in the marine engineering reality of positive ancestor
Apply and understand, due to daily FeCl3Measure insignificant compared with the water capacity in full lake, [HCO3 -] concentration will make the pH value base of lake water
This holding is constant.
Embodiment 5 precipitates the effect of phosphorus from Erhai Lake in Dali lake water
Erhai is located at the east in Dali ancient city, the km of Lake area 256.52, the m of mean depth 10, maximum water depth up to 20 m,
The m of reservoir storage 3,000,000,0003.On October 23rd, 2016 determines its pH=8.25, [HCO from Erhai western part bank water sampling, analysis3 -]=
148.9 mg L-1, total phosphorus concentration [TP]=0.062 mg L-1If water sample is filtered with filter paper, titanium pigment is determined after acidifying dense
Spend for 0.030 mg L-1。
(1)1 L water samples are taken in glass beaker, is added and is contained 20 mg FeCl3, the storing solution that pH value is 1.5, electromagnetic agitation
30 min, stand overnight.From supernatant sampling, the supernatant after filter paper is filtered measures its pH=7.62, and remaining [TP]=
0.006mg. L-1, primary sedimentation phosphorus reaches 90.3%.
(2)1 L water samples are taken in glass beaker, is added and is contained 50 mg Fe2(SO4)3, the storing solution that pH value is 1.0, electromagnetism
30 min are stirred, is stood overnight.From supernatant sampling, the supernatant after filter paper is filtered measures its pH=7.70, and remaining [TP]=
0.007mg L-1, primary sedimentation phosphorus reaches 88.7%.
Embodiment 6 precipitates the effect of phosphorus from the Green Lake lake water of landscape water body Kunming
Green Lake is located at robusta in Kunming Urban Area Wuhua Shan Xilu, and its north is just to Yunnan University's main entrance.Green Lake original name dish lake, the water surface takes up an area
About 15 hectares, since the eighties in last century, Black-Headed Gull once per year in groups from Siberia, pass the winter by sudden Green Lake, never between
It is disconnected.Lake water eutrophication is projected after 2000, and transparency is reduced, or even can smell fishy smell.Inventor herein is once in 2014 3
Months 17 days from the dock of Green Lake Park west gate water sampling carry out precipitating the experiment of phosphorus.Draw cattle pen river and enter Green Lake in Kunming in 2015
Water is changed, current water quality is preferable.
Green Lake water sample pH=8.50, [HCO3 -]=148.8 mg.L-1, total phosphorus concentration [TP]=0.235mg.L-1。
(1)FeCl containing 20mg is added in 1 L water samples3, the storing solution that pH value is 1.5, the min of electromagnetic agitation 30, stand
Overnight.Take supernatant filter paper and filter post analysis, pH=7.46, remnants [TP]=0.005mg.L-1, primary sedimentation phosphorus reaches
97.9%。
(2)Fe containing 50mg is added in 1 L water samples2(SO4)3, the storing solution that pH value is 1.0, the min of electromagnetic agitation 30,
Stand overnight.Take supernatant filter paper and filter post analysis, pH=7.40, remnants [TP]=0.008mg.L-1, primary sedimentation phosphorus reaches
96.6%。
(3)Add in 1 L water samples and contain 40 mg FeSO4Storing solution, the min of electromagnetic agitation 30 stands overnight.Take
Clear liquid filters post analysis, pH=7.80, remnants [TP]=0.012mg.L with filter paper-1, primary sedimentation phosphorus reaches 94.9%.
Claims (5)
1. the method for ground surface eutrophic water body being administered with molysite, it is characterised in that:Use FeCl3Or FeCl3·6H2O or Fe2
(SO4)3Or FeSO4The combination of one or two molysite as precipitation and the phosphor-curing agent of passivation phosphorus, selected phosphor-curing agent is matched somebody with somebody with lake water
1% (w/w) ~ 5% (w/w), the phosphor-curing agent solution of pH value 0.5 ~ 2.5 are made for, the water surface is sprayed.
2. it is according to claim 1 administer eutrophication water method, it is characterised in that:The eutrophication water is
Surface water, including lake, reservoir and park landscape water, water quality HCO3 -Concentration >=50 mg L-1, pH>7.0 alkalescent water.
3. it is according to claim 1 and 2 administer eutrophication water method, it is characterised in that:The phosphor-curing agent is
FeCl3·6H2O;Its pH value of solution that the lake water is prepared with phosphor-curing agent is 1 ~ 2.0.
4. it is according to claim 1 and 2 administer eutrophication water method, it is characterised in that:It is described to spray in the water surface
Phosphor-curing agent solution quantity system according to the size of water body capacity, daily blanket type atomized spray consolidates phosphorus containing tens kilograms to several tons
The solution of agent, until the total phosphorus concentration of water body meets I classes water quality≤0.005 mg L-1Requirement.
5. it is according to claim 3 administer eutrophication water method, it is characterised in that:The consolidating in water surface sprinkling
The quantity system of phosphorus agent solution is according to the size of water body capacity, and it is molten that daily blanket type atomized spray contains tens kilograms to several tons phosphor-curing agents
Liquid, until the total phosphorus concentration of water body meets I classes water quality≤0.005 mg L-1Requirement.
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Cited By (2)
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CN111039658A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Phosphorus removal ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
CN114455665A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-10 | 太原市润民环保节能有限公司 | Sewage dephosphorization agent and preparation method thereof |
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CN100383058C (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2008-04-23 | 浙江大学 | Composite phosphor-curing agent |
CN201872910U (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-06-22 | 云南大学 | Unfolding wing type jet boat used for treating lake water pollution |
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CN111039658A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Phosphorus removal ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
CN114455665A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-10 | 太原市润民环保节能有限公司 | Sewage dephosphorization agent and preparation method thereof |
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