CN106583690B - A method of addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy - Google Patents
A method of addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106583690B CN106583690B CN201611043930.0A CN201611043930A CN106583690B CN 106583690 B CN106583690 B CN 106583690B CN 201611043930 A CN201611043930 A CN 201611043930A CN 106583690 B CN106583690 B CN 106583690B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/04—Casting by dipping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1035—Liquid phase sintering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy, specially：W powder is put into batch mixer and is uniformly mixed with Ti powder and induction copper powder, compression moulding obtains tungsten green compact；Then tungsten green compact is put into sintering in hydrogen atmosphere sintering furnace and obtains W skeleton；Finally fine copper block is stacked in above W skeleton, is put into hydrogen atmosphere sintering furnace, molten infiltration sintering obtains the CuW alloy of addition Ti.The present invention makes Cu/W realize good metallurgical bonding by adding Ti element, and promotes the formation of W skeleton sintering neck, plays the role of activated sintering.The addition of Ti element can strengthen weak breakdown phase-Cu phase very well simultaneously, so that Cu obtained (Ti) W alloy, has good intensity and electric conductivity, improve the purpose of electrical contact service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrical material preparation technical fields, are related to a kind of method that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy.
Background technique
Since tungsten has high fusing point and intensity and low thermal expansion coefficient, copper has good thermal conductivity, institute
With copper-tungsten shows the performances such as excellent high temperature resistant, resistance to ablation, high intensity, high rigidity.
Conventional CuW contact material is in interrupting process, since the work function of copper is low and fusing point is lower, makees in high-temperature electric arc
Under, copper will mutually generate fusing and splash, cause contact material surface irregularity, seriously affect the stabilization of transmission line of electricity operation
Property and reliability.Therefore, the resistance to arc erosion for how improving contact material can become the critical issue of contact material research.
The wetability of Cu, W can significantly be improved by adding suitable active element in the preparation of W skeleton, and be had obvious
Activated sintering effect, can promote well tungsten powder densification and improve W skeleton intensity.Studies have shown that being added in copper
The interfacial wettability between Cu, W not only can be improved in the elements such as Cr, Ni and Fe, and Cu/W interface cohesion can also tied by machinery
It costars and is turned into metallurgical bonding, and then improve two-phase interface intensity.The Ti and W known to binary alloy phase diagram can form continuous solid
Solution, and Ti also has certain solid solution capacity in Cu.The addition of Ti element can improve the wetability of Cu, W, be conducive to improve
Cu/W phase interface bonding strength.In addition, Cu (Ti) W alloy through timeliness ageing treatment has good intensity and electric conductivity, Ti
The addition of element can strengthen weak breakdown phase-Cu phase very well, achieve the purpose that improve electrical contact service life.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy, to improve Cu/W phase interface
Bond strength.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a method of addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy, specifically presses following step
It is rapid to implement：
Step 1, powder is mixed：
W powder and Ti powder and induction copper powder are put into batch mixer, are added dehydrated alcohol wet mixing 2~8 hours；
Step 2, it suppresses：
The powder mixed through step 1 is poured into mold, compression moulding obtains tungsten green compact；
Step 3, it is sintered：
The tungsten green compact that step 2 suppresses is put into hydrogen atmosphere sintering furnace and is sintered, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains tungsten bone
Frame；
Step 4, molten infiltration：
Fine copper block is stacked in above the W skeleton that step 3 obtains, is put into hydrogen atmosphere sintering furnace, molten infiltration sintering, with
Furnace is cooled to room temperature, and obtains the CuW alloy of addition Ti.
Feature of the present invention also resides in,
W powder and the dosage of Ti powder and induction copper powder are according to mass percent in step 1： 1:0.5~2.0%:5~
15%.
The additional amount of dehydrated alcohol is the 2~6% of all powder gross mass in step 1.
The average particle size of W powder is 5~10 μm in step 1,5~40 μm of the average particle size of Ti powder.
Pressing pressure is 200~400MPa in step 2, and the dwell time is 20~40s.
Sintering parameter is in step 3：It is warming up to 800~1000 DEG C of 0.5~2h of heat preservation.
Molten infiltration sintering parameter is in step 4：800~1000 DEG C of 0.5~2h of heat preservation are first warming up to, then it is warming up to 1200~
1400 DEG C, keep the temperature 1~3h.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention makes Cu/W realize good metallurgical bonding by adding Ti element,
And the formation of W skeleton sintering neck is promoted, play the role of activated sintering.The addition of Ti element can be strengthened weak very well simultaneously
Puncture phase-Cu phase, so that Cu obtained (Ti) W alloy, has good intensity and electric conductivity, improve electrical contact service life
Purpose.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of preparation method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the SEM photograph of Cu (Ti) W alloy of the method for the present invention preparation；
Fig. 3 is the EDS energy spectrum analysis figure of Cu (Ti) W alloy of the method for the present invention preparation；
Fig. 4 is the line scanning figure of Cu (Ti) W alloy of the method for the present invention preparation.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment.
The present invention provides a kind of methods that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy, as shown in Figure 1, specifically according to the following steps
Implement：
Step 1, powder is mixed：
It is that 5~10 μm of W powder and 5~40 μm of Ti powder and induction copper powder are put into V type batch mixer by average particle size,
It is added dehydrated alcohol wet mixing 2~8 hours.
Wherein the additive amount of Ti powder be W silty amount 0.5~2.0%, induce copper powder additive amount be W silty amount 5~
15%.
The additional amount of dehydrated alcohol is the 2~6% of all powder gross mass.
Step 2, it suppresses：
The powder mixed through step 1 is poured into the mold after release agent is smeared, in WE-10 type universal testing machine
On be pressed, obtain tungsten green compact.Pressure is 200~400MPa, 20~40s of pressure maintaining, so that gas can be arranged smoothly
Out, while guaranteeing that powder is sufficiently tamped in type chamber.
Step 3, it is sintered：
The tungsten green compact that step 2 suppresses is put into atmosphere sintering furnace, the purity of inspection hydrogen after hydrogen 40min is passed through,
Hydrogen is lighted after confirmation safety, after opening cooling water, starts to warm up to 800~1000 DEG C of 0.5~2h of heat preservation, cools to room with the furnace
Temperature obtains W skeleton.
Step 4, molten infiltration：
The volume of the Cu of infiltration needed for determining sample according to the volume of green compact and compact rate of molding, generally should 40 more than calculated value~
80%, to ensure that infiltration process carries out more sufficiently and complete.It should clean or polish after the interception of Cu block, be stained with removing its surface
The impurity of dye.Fine copper block is stacked in above W skeleton, is placed into sintering furnace.After being passed through hydrogen 40min, examine hydrogen pure
Degree is lighted hydrogen after confirming safety, after opening cooling water, is started to warm up to 800~1000 DEG C of 0.5~2h of heat preservation, then be warming up to
1200~1400 DEG C, 1~3h is kept the temperature, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains Cu (Ti) W alloy.
The present invention improves the wetability of Cu, W, improves Cu/W phase interface knot by adding Ti element in CuW alloy
Close intensity.The addition of Ti element can strengthen weak breakdown phase-Cu phase very well simultaneously, so that Cu obtained (Ti) W alloy, has
Good intensity and electric conductivity improve the purpose of electrical contact service life.
Embodiment 1
Weigh the W powder that average particle size is 8 μm, W silty amount 0.5%, the Ti powder that average particle size is 35 μm, W silty amount 10%
Induction copper powder, add total powder quality 2% dehydrated alcohol as process control agent, it is enterprising in the V-type batch mixer of 50r/min
Row mixing 8 hours, mixing ball was WC hard ball, and then mixed-powder is fitted into rigidity mold and is suppressed, pressure is
300MPa, dwell time 30s obtain green compact.W green compact is placed in graphite crucible, crucible is then put into atmosphere sintering furnace
In, after being passed through hydrogen 40min, hydrogen purity is examined, hydrogen is lighted after confirming safety, after opening cooling water, begins to warm up, work as burning
When junction temperature is 900 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 60min, room temperature is naturally cooled to furnace, obtains W skeleton.The pure Cu that polishing was cleaned again
Block is stacked to above W skeleton, and then crucible is put into atmosphere sintering furnace, after being passed through hydrogen 40min, examines hydrogen purity, really
Hydrogen is lighted after recognizing safety, after opening cooling water, is begun to warm up, when infiltrating temperature is 900 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 60min, is reheated
To 1200 DEG C, 3 hours are kept the temperature, room temperature is naturally cooled to furnace, that is, CuW (Ti) alloy is made.
Embodiment 2
Weighing average particle size is 5 μm of W powder, W silty amount 1.0%, the Ti powder that average particle size is 5 μm, W silty amount 5%
Copper powder is induced, the dehydrated alcohol of total powder quality 5% is added as process control agent, is carried out on the V-type batch mixer of 50r/min
Mixing 4 hours, mixing ball was WC hard ball, and then mixed-powder is fitted into rigidity mold and is suppressed, pressure 400MPa,
Dwell time is 20s, obtains W green compact.W green compact is placed in graphite crucible, then crucible is put into atmosphere sintering furnace, is passed through
After hydrogen 40min, hydrogen purity is examined, hydrogen is lighted after confirming safety, after opening cooling water, begins to warm up, work as sintering temperature
When being 800 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 2h, room temperature is naturally cooled to furnace, obtains W skeleton, then the clean pure Cu block of polishing is stacked to W
Above skeleton, then crucible is put into atmosphere sintering furnace, after being passed through hydrogen 40min, hydrogen purity is examined, confirms point after safety
Hydrogen is fired, after opening cooling water, is begun to warm up, when infiltrating temperature is 800 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 2h, is again heated to 1300 DEG C, heat preservation
1.5 hours, room temperature is naturally cooled to furnace, that is, CuW (Ti) alloy is made.
Embodiment 3
Weigh the W powder that average particle size is 10 μm, W silty amount 1.5%, the Ti powder that average particle size is 40 μm, W silty amount
12% induction copper powder adds the dehydrated alcohol of total powder quality 6% as process control agent, in the V-type batch mixer of 50r/min
Upper progress mixing 6 hours, mixing ball are WC hard ball, and then mixed-powder is fitted into rigidity mold and is suppressed, pressure is
350MPa, dwell time 35s obtain green compact.Green compact is placed in graphite crucible, crucible is then put into atmosphere sintering furnace
In, after being passed through hydrogen 40min, hydrogen purity is examined, hydrogen is lighted after confirming safety, after opening cooling water, begins to warm up, work as burning
When junction temperature is 1000 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 0.5h, room temperature is naturally cooled to furnace, obtains W skeleton.The pure Cu that polishing is clean again
Block is stacked to above W skeleton, and then crucible is put into atmosphere sintering furnace, after being passed through hydrogen 40min, examines hydrogen purity, really
Hydrogen is lighted after recognizing safety, after opening cooling water, is begun to warm up, when infiltrating temperature is 1000 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 0.5h, is reheated
To 1400 DEG C, 1 hour is kept the temperature, room temperature is naturally cooled to furnace, that is, Cu (Ti) W alloy is made.
Fig. 2 is the SEM photograph of CuW alloy prepared by the present invention, as can be seen that the addition of Ti element, promotes from picture
The formation of W particle sintering neck, makes to form good metallurgical bonding between Cu/W phase interface.
Fig. 3 is the EDS energy spectrum analysis figure of CuW alloy prepared by the present invention.The Ti element of addition is deposited on Cu/W phase interface
Promoting the metallurgical bonding at its interface.Part Ti element is present on phase interface in the form of Ti particle (about 1 μm), power spectrum
Analysis the results are shown in Table 1, and the position where A two o'clock illustrates to add there are a certain amount of C element and Ti element as can be seen from the table
Ti element is possible to generate TiC.Research shows that the presence of TiC can be played the role of dispersing electric arc.B point is located at the interface W-W
Place, interface illustrate that Ti element promotes the formation of W particle sintering neck, play activated sintering there are a certain amount of Ti element
Effect.
The EDS EDAX results of table 1 Cu (Ti) W alloy
Fig. 4 is the line scanning figure of Cu prepared by the present invention (Ti) W alloy.As can be seen from the figure the Ti element added is equal
It is even to be distributed in Cu, W two-phase.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy, which is characterized in that specifically implement according to the following steps：
Step 1, powder is mixed：
W powder and Ti powder and induction copper powder are put into batch mixer, are added dehydrated alcohol wet mixing 2~8 hours；
Step 2, it suppresses：
The powder mixed through step 1 is poured into mold, compression moulding obtains tungsten green compact；
Step 3, it is sintered：
The tungsten green compact that step 2 suppresses is put into hydrogen atmosphere sintering furnace and is sintered, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains W skeleton；
Step 4, infiltration：
Fine copper block is stacked in above the W skeleton that step 3 obtains, is put into hydrogen atmosphere sintering furnace, melting infiltration sintering is cold with furnace
But to room temperature, the CuW alloy of addition Ti is obtained；W powder is according to mass percent with Ti powder and induction copper powder in the step 1：
1:0.5~2.0%:5~15%；Sintering parameter is in the step 3：It is warming up to 800~1000 DEG C of 0.5~2h of heat preservation.
2. a kind of method that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
The additional amount of middle dehydrated alcohol is the 2~6% of all powder gross mass.
3. a kind of method that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
The average particle size of middle W powder is 5~10 μm, 5~40 μm of the average particle size of Ti powder.
4. a kind of method that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2
Middle pressing pressure is 200~400MPa, and the dwell time is 20~40s.
5. a kind of method that addition Ti element prepares CuW alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4
Middle melting infiltration sintering parameter is：800~1000 DEG C of 0.5~2h of heat preservation are first warming up to, then are warming up to 1200~1400 DEG C, heat preservation 1~
3h。
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| CN107604230A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-19 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of method for preparing CuW alloys using CuTi alloy infiltrations |
| CN108149043A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-12 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of method added ceramic phase titanium diboride and prepare CuW alloys |
| CN114932222B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-11-07 | 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 | Method for improving density of tungsten-copper alloy |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN101509093A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-08-19 | 西安理工大学 | Process for producing millimeter and submillimeter level CuW70Cr/Ti sheet alloy |
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| CN101515513A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing TiC/CuW alloy contact material |
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