CN106577752B - A kind of method for improving upper tobacco leaf quality - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving upper tobacco leaf quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577752B CN106577752B CN201611214570.6A CN201611214570A CN106577752B CN 106577752 B CN106577752 B CN 106577752B CN 201611214570 A CN201611214570 A CN 201611214570A CN 106577752 B CN106577752 B CN 106577752B
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- titanium oxide
- protective agent
- tobacco leaf
- nano titanium
- processing
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for improving upper tobacco leaf quality, it is specifically to spray ultra-violet protecting agent to tobacco leaf in the tobacco leaf maturity period, the ultra-violet protecting agent is made up of nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound, calgon, water, wherein the weight of nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound and water ratio is 0.01 1: 1000, and the dosage of calgon is the 0.5 10% of nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound quality；The nanometer titanium dioxide compound is any one in nano titanium oxide graphene oxide, nano titanium oxide carboxylated biomass carbon, nano titanium oxide carboxylic carbon nano-tube, nano titanium oxide hydroxylating kaolin, and the pH value range of the protective agent is 5.0 7.2.The present invention can be used for the ultraviolet protection of maturity period tobacco leaf, and then protect the quality of the quality, especially upper tobacco leaf of tobacco leaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ultra-violet protecting agent of tobacco leaf and its application, particularly a kind of side for improving upper tobacco leaf quality
Method.
Background technology
Titanium dioxide has many superperformances as a kind of excellent inorganic functional material, such as, particle diameter it is different two
Titania meterial has good dispersiveness, ultraviolet-absorbing and good disinfection, magnetic induction and photocatalysis performance.Receive
Rice titanium dioxide category non-dissolving type antiseptic, except it is above-mentioned the advantages of, content of beary metal itself is few, antibiotic property is extensive, cheap
And it is long-acting, turn into a kind of nano material being most widely used at present.The high refractivity of nanometer titanic oxide material is lived with bloom
Property, make it have high anti-UV ability.
Tobacco business has consequence in China's economic development, and tobacco business in 2015 realizes that taxes and profits are total according to statistics
1,143,600,000,000 yuan of volume, 91,900,000,000 yuan of increase, increases by 8.73% on a year-on-year basis on year-on-year basis；Financial 1,095,000,000,000 yuan of total value is turned over, increases by 1840 on year-on-year basis
Hundred million yuan, made a great contribution for state revenue and expenditure.But upper tobacco leaf quality and availability is relatively low causes China's upper tobacco leaf big
Amount overstocks.
The content of the invention
To avoid in tobacco planting, the upper tobacco leaf in the tobacco leaf maturity period is encroached on by strong light is continued, and the present invention carries
For a kind of method for improving upper tobacco leaf quality.
A kind of method for improving upper tobacco leaf quality provided by the invention, it is specifically to be sprayed in the tobacco leaf maturity period to tobacco leaf
Ultra-violet protecting agent, the ultra-violet protecting agent is by nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound, calgon, water
It is made, wherein the weight of nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound and water ratio is 0.01-1: 1000, calgon
Dosage for nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound quality 0.5-10%；The nanometer titanium dioxide compound
Received for nano titanium oxide-graphene oxide, nano titanium oxide-carboxylated biomass carbon, nano titanium oxide-carboxylated carbon
Any one in mitron, nano titanium oxide-hydroxylating kaolin, and the pH value range of the protective agent is 5.0-7.2.This
Nano titanium oxide contained by invention is rutile-type and/or anatase titanium dioxide, and the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 5-100nm.
Nano titanium oxide used in the present invention is commodity nano titanium oxide or homemade nano titanium oxide or nanometer two
Titanium oxide compound.
Protective agent main component nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound provided by the invention are by the following method
Prepare.
Make the preparation of nano titanium oxide by oneself：1M butyl titanate solution 100mL are prepared with ethanol solution first, so
Add mass fraction 2%CTAB afterwards (relative to butyl titanate quality).The secondary steaming of addition under conditions of being stirred vigorously dropwise
Distilled water, at this moment, because the hydrolysis of alkoxide can be quickly generated milky white precipitate, titania gel solution is obtained, then
Gel solution is adjusted to leucosol solution with 1M hydrochloric acid, and 80 are transferred to after white shoals。Further stirred under C temperature conditionss
2 hours crystallization are mixed, by the crystalline titanic oxide centrifugal purification of generation, add water ultrasonic disperse to obtain light blue dispersion liquid, are adjusted
PH=6 or so, it is standby.
The preparation of nano titanium oxide-graphene oxide compound：0.1g graphene oxides weigh with scale in beaker,
Then 1mol/L HCl solution 30mL is added, is stirred, ultrasonic disperse 30min, is obtained graphene oxide mixed solution and treat
With.The dropwise addition graphene oxide mixed solution into titania gel solution, 80.C oil bath heatings 2 hours, by the production after oil bath
Thing is cooled to room temperature, is centrifugally separating to obtain precipitation, adds 100mL distilled water and stirs, ultrasonic disperse 30min, adjusts pH=6
Left and right, it is standby.
The preparation of nano titanium oxide-carboxylated biomass carbon compound：Weigh with scale 1.0g carboxylic carbon nano-tubes
With in beaker, then adding 1mol/L HCl solution 60mL, stirring, ultrasonic disperse 30min, obtain carboxylated biomass
Carbon mixed solution is stand-by, the dropwise addition carboxylated biomass carbon mixed solution into titania gel solution, and 80.C oil bath heatings 2 are small
When, the product after oil bath is cooled to room temperature, is centrifugally separating to obtain precipitation, 150mL distilled water is added and stirs, ultrasonic disperse
30min, regulation pH=6 or so, it is standby.
The preparation of nano titanium oxide-carboxylic carbon nano-tube compound：Weigh with scale 0.5g carboxylic carbon nano-tubes
With in beaker, then adding 1mol/L HCl solution 50mL, stirring, ultrasonic disperse 30min, obtain carboxylated carbon nanometer
Pipe mixed solution is stand-by, the dropwise addition carboxylic carbon nano-tube mixed solution into titania gel solution, and 80.C oil bath heatings 2 are small
When, the product after oil bath is cooled to room temperature, is centrifugally separating to obtain precipitation, 150mL distilled water is added and stirs, ultrasonic disperse
30min, regulation pH=6 or so, it is standby.
The preparation of nano titanium oxide-hydroxylating kaolin compound：1.5g hydroxylating kaolin weigh with scale in burning
In cup, 1mol/L HCl solution 80mL is then added, is stirred, ultrasonic disperse 30min, obtain the mixing of hydroxylating kaolin
Solution left standstill is stand-by；The dropwise addition hydroxylating kaolin mixed solution into titania gel solution, 80.C oil bath heatings 2 hours,
Product after oil bath is cooled to room temperature, is centrifugally separating to obtain precipitation, 200mL distilled water is added and stirs, ultrasonic disperse
30min, regulation pH=6 or so, it is standby.
Present invention applicant has found：Influence of the ecological factors such as light temperature to upper tobacco leaf quality and availability can not be ignored.
Intensity of illumination is excessive, causes tobacco leaf spongy tissue and palisade tissue to thicken, and space between cells reduces, and causes blade thick and organizes thick
Rough, vein protrudes, and forms the sudden and violent leaf of thick muscle.It is ultraviolet to absorb or reflect in the diaphragm that tobacco leaf surface is formed using titanium dioxide
Line, it is avoided that strong light causes damage with high temperature to upper tobacco leaf, so as to improve the physicochemical character of upper tobacco leaf, reaches raising tobacco leaf
The purpose of quality and availability.
The present invention can be used for the ultraviolet protection of maturity period tobacco leaf, and then protect the quality of tobacco leaf, especially upper smoke
The quality of leaf.
Embodiment
Reference examples (blank)
In the tobacco leaf maturity period, spray equivalent clear water to crop field tobacco leaf or do not spray processing.
Embodiment 1
In the tobacco leaf maturity period, protective agent is sprayed to crop field.Protective agent is by commodity nano titanium oxide, calgon, water
Configuration forms, and wherein the weight of commodity nano titanium oxide and water ratio is 0.01: 1000, and the dosage of calgon is received for commodity
The 10% of rice titanium dioxide quality.The pH value range of protective agent is 6.0.Nano titanium oxide contained by protective agent be rutile-type and
Anatase titanium dioxide, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 10nm.
Embodiment 2
In the tobacco leaf maturity period, protective agent is sprayed to crop field.Protective agent is compound by nano titanium oxide-carboxylated biomass carbon
Thing, calgon, water configuration form, and the weight ratio of wherein nano titanium oxide-carboxylated biomass carbon compound and water is
0.5: 1000, the dosage of calgon is the 5% of nano titanium oxide-carboxylated biomass carbon compound quality.Protective agent
PH value range be 6.5.Nano titanium oxide contained by protective agent is rutile-type, and the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 50nm.
Embodiment 3
In the tobacco leaf maturity period, protective agent is sprayed to crop field.Protective agent is compound by nano titanium oxide-carboxylic carbon nano-tube
Thing, calgon, water configuration form, and wherein the weight ratio of nano titanium oxide-carboxylic carbon nano-tube compound and water is 1
: 1000, the dosage of calgon is the 3% of nano titanium oxide-carboxylic carbon nano-tube compound quality.The pH of protective agent
It is 6.2 to be worth scope.Nano titanium oxide contained by protective agent is rutile-type and anatase titanium dioxide, and the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is
30nm。
Embodiment 4
In the tobacco leaf maturity period, protective agent is sprayed to crop field.Protective agent is compound by nano titanium oxide-hydroxylating kaolin
Thing, calgon, water configuration form, and wherein the weight ratio of nano titanium oxide-hydroxylating kaolin compound and water is 0.3
: 1000, the dosage of calgon is the 4% of nano titanium oxide-hydroxylating kaolin compound quality.The pH value of protective agent
Scope is 6.0.Nano titanium oxide contained by protective agent is rutile-type and anatase titanium dioxide, and the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 50nm.
Embodiment 5
In the tobacco leaf maturity period, protective agent is sprayed to crop field.Protective agent is by self-control nano titanium oxide, calgon, water
Configuration forms, wherein the weight ratio of self-control nano titanium oxide and water is 0.5: 1000, the dosage of calgon is received for self-control
The 2% of rice titanium dioxide quality.The pH value range of protective agent is 5.5.Nano titanium oxide contained by protective agent is rutile-type, is received
The particle diameter of rice titanium dioxide is 60nm.
To spray the embodiment 5 after protective agent and reference examples tobacco leaf photosynthesis characteristics and it is roasting after physical behavior ground
Study carefully, obtain the result as shown in table 1, table 2.
Influence of the different disposal of table 1 to tobacco leaf photosynthetic characteristic
From the point of view of upper table, the different processing that sprays generates influence to the photosynthesis characteristics of tobacco leaf.The place of protective agent is sprayed
Reason decreases than not spraying the Net Photosynthetic Rate of processing, and overall trend is blank>Clear water>The processing of protective agent, wherein protective agent
Reach significant difference between clear water processing, space management, handled with protective agent reduces amplitude maximum than space management, reaches
1.7μmol.m-2.s-1。
The processing for having sprayed protective agent decreases than not spraying the stomatal conductance of protective agent processing, and overall trend is anti-clear water
>Blank>Reach significant difference between the processing of protective agent, wherein protective agent and clear water processing, stomatal conductance reduces
0.07mmol.m-2.s-1。
Intercellular CO of the processing of protective agent than not spraying protective agent processing is sprayed2Concentration increased, and overall trend is anti-
Protect agent>Blank>Reach significant difference between the processing of clear water, wherein protective agent and clear water processing, space management, at protective agent
Reason is more maximum than clear water processing increasing degree, reaches 33.45 μm of ol.m-2.s-1。
The processing for having sprayed protective agent decreases than not spraying the transpiration rate of protective agent processing, and overall trend is clear water>
Blank>Protective agent, wherein difference is not up to statistical significance between each processing.
On the whole, the Net Photosynthetic Rate of the tobacco leaf of protective agent has been sprayed, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance are in reduction trend,
Intercellular CO2Concentration but increases, wherein Net Photosynthetic Rate, intercellular CO2In concentration binomial parameter protective agent processing with clear water at
All reach significant difference between reason, space management, illustrate that spray processing has carried out a certain degree of absorption to light intensity, causes same
It is insufficient to change power (i.e. ATP and NADPH), limits photosynthetic carbon assimilation.
Influence of the different disposal of table 2 to cured tobacco leaf physical behavior
From the point of view of upper table, the different processing that sprays has certain influence to the physical behavior for baking upper back tobacco leaf.Spray anti-
The processing of shield agent decreases again than not spraying the leaf of protective agent processing, and overall trend is blank>Clear water>Protective agent, wherein protecting
Reach significant difference between agent processing and space management, leaf reduces 1.67g again.
Sprayed protective agent processing than do not spray protective agent handle leaf it is long increased, overall trend is protective agent>It is empty
In vain>The processing of clear water, wherein protective agent is longer than clear water processing leaf to add 2.96cm, but between each processing and not up to conspicuousness is poor
It is different.
The processing for having sprayed protective agent increased than not spraying the leaf width of protective agent processing, wherein protective agent processing and clear water
Reach significant difference between processing, space management, handled than space management increasing degree maximum, reached with protective agent
1.67cm。
Sprayed protective agent processing than do not spray protective agent handle leaf it is thick decrease, overall trend is clear water>Blank>
The processing of protective agent, wherein protective agent is thicker than clear water processing leaf to reduce 7 μm, but between each processing and not up to significant difference.
The processing for having sprayed protective agent increased than not spraying the equilibrium moisture content of protective agent processing, and overall trend is protection
Agent>Blank>Clear water, but between each processing and not up to significant difference.
The rate containing stalk of different disposal does not have evident regularity change.
On the whole, spraying protective agent processing reduces the leaf weight and leaf thickness of tobacco leaf, adds long leaf, leaf width and balance and contains
All reach significant difference between protective agent processing and clear water processing, space management in water rate, wherein leaf width parameter.The thick drop of leaf
The low and long leaf width of leaf increase improves the physical characteristic of cured tobacco leaf to a certain extent, improves the availability of upper tobacco leaf.
Embodiment 6
In the tobacco leaf maturity period, protective agent is sprayed to crop field.Protective agent is by nano titanium oxide-graphene oxide, six inclined phosphorus
Sour sodium, water configuration form, and wherein the weight of nano titanium oxide-graphene oxide and water ratio is 1: 1000, calgon
Dosage is the 5% of nano titanium oxide-graphene oxide quality.The pH value range of protective agent is 6.0.Nanometer two contained by protective agent
Titanium oxide is rutile-type and anatase titanium dioxide, and the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 60nm.
To spray the embodiment 6 after protective agent and reference examples tobacco leaf photosynthesis characteristics and it is roasting after physical behavior ground
Study carefully, obtain the result as shown in table 3, table 4.
Influence of the different disposal of table 3 to tobacco leaf photosynthetic characteristic
From the point of view of upper table, the different processing that sprays impacts to the photosynthesis characteristics of tobacco leaf.The processing of protective agent is sprayed
Net Photosynthetic Rate than not spraying processing decreases, and overall trend is blank>Clear water>Protective agent, wherein protective agent processing with
Reach significant difference between clear water processing, space management, handled with protective agent reduces amplitude maximum than space management, reaches
2.08μmol.m-2.s-1。
The processing for having sprayed protective agent decreases than not spraying the stomatal conductance of protective agent processing, and overall trend is anti-clear water
>Blank>Reach significant difference between the processing of protective agent, wherein protective agent and clear water processing, space management, handled with protective agent
More maximum than clear water processing reduction amplitude, stomatal conductance reduces 0.09mmol.m-2.s-1。
Intercellular CO of the processing of protective agent than not spraying protective agent processing is sprayed2Concentration increased, and overall trend is anti-
Protect agent>Blank>Reach significant difference between the processing of clear water, wherein protective agent and clear water processing, space management, at protective agent
Reason is more maximum than clear water processing increasing degree, reaches 41.09 μm of ol.m-2.s-1。
The processing for having sprayed protective agent decreases than not spraying the transpiration rate of protective agent processing, and overall trend is clear water>
Blank>Reach significant difference between the processing of protective agent, wherein protective agent and clear water processing, space management, handled with protective agent
More maximum than clear water processing reduction amplitude, transpiration rate reduces 0.84 μm of ol.m-2.s-1。
On the whole, the Net Photosynthetic Rate of the tobacco leaf of protective agent has been sprayed, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance are in reduction trend,
Intercellular CO2Concentration but increases, wherein all reaching aobvious between protective agent processing and clear water processing, space management in all parameters
Sex differernce is write, illustrates that spray processing has carried out a certain degree of absorption to light intensity, causes assimilatory power (i.e. ATP and NADPH) to be supplied
Deficiency, limit photosynthetic carbon assimilation.
Influence of the different disposal of table 4 to cured tobacco leaf physical behavior
From the point of view of upper table, the different processing that sprays has certain influence to the physical behavior for baking upper back tobacco leaf.Spray anti-
The processing of shield agent decreases again than not spraying the leaf of protective agent processing, and overall trend is blank>Clear water>Protective agent, wherein protecting
Reach significant difference between agent processing and space management, leaf reduces 2.22g again.
The processing for having sprayed protective agent increased than not spraying the rate containing stalk of protective agent processing, and overall trend is protective agent>
Blank>Clear water, protective agent processing add 0.98% than clear water processing rate containing stalk, but between respectively handling and not up to conspicuousness is poor
It is different.
Sprayed protective agent processing than do not spray protective agent handle leaf it is long increased, overall trend is protective agent>It is empty
In vain>Reach significant difference between the processing of clear water, wherein protective agent and clear water processing, protective agent processing handles Ye Changzeng than clear water
4.16cm is added.
The processing for having sprayed protective agent increased than not spraying the leaf width of protective agent processing, wherein protective agent processing and clear water
Reach significant difference between processing, space management, handled than space management increasing degree maximum, reached with protective agent
2.37cm。
Sprayed protective agent processing than do not spray protective agent handle leaf it is thick decrease, overall trend is clear water>Blank>
The processing of protective agent, wherein protective agent is thicker than clear water processing leaf to reduce 16 μm, but between each processing and not up to significant difference.
The equilibrium moisture content of different disposal does not have evident regularity change.
On the whole, spraying protective agent processing reduces the leaf weight and leaf thickness of tobacco leaf, adds rate containing stalk and leaf length, leaf
All reach significant difference between protective agent processing and clear water processing, space management in width, wherein leaf width parameter.The thick reduction of leaf
Increase with the long leaf width of leaf improves the physical characteristic of cured tobacco leaf to a certain extent, improves the availability of upper tobacco leaf.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
Apply all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, the scope that this specification is recorded all is considered to be.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Can not therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that come for one of ordinary skill in the art
Say, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method for improving upper tobacco leaf quality, it is characterised in that spray ultraviolet protection to tobacco leaf in the tobacco leaf maturity period Agent, the ultra-violet protecting agent are made up of nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound, calgon, water, wherein The weight of nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound and water ratio is 0.01-1: 1000, and the dosage of calgon is The 0.5-10% of nano titanium oxide or nanometer titanium dioxide compound quality；The nanometer titanium dioxide compound is nanometer two Titanium oxide-graphene oxide, nano titanium oxide-carboxylated biomass carbon, nano titanium oxide-carboxylic carbon nano-tube, receive Any one in rice titanium dioxide-hydroxylating kaolin, and the pH value range of the protective agent is 5.0-7.2.
- A kind of 2. tobacco leaf maturity period ultra-violet protecting agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nanometer titanium dioxide Titanium is rutile-type and/or anatase titanium dioxide, and the particle diameter of the nano titanium oxide is 5-100 nm.
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| CN111693650B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2023-05-16 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of six tobacco leaves on flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN101232817A (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2008-07-30 | 赢创德固赛有限责任公司 | Preparation containing uv radiation absorbing metal oxide powder and a superspreading agent |
| CN102228017A (en) * | 2011-04-03 | 2011-11-02 | 张立华 | Sunscreen cream for sunlight burns resistance of plants, its manufacturing method and its application |
| CN102448291A (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-05-09 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Method for reducing sunburn damage in plants |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101232817A (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2008-07-30 | 赢创德固赛有限责任公司 | Preparation containing uv radiation absorbing metal oxide powder and a superspreading agent |
| CN102448291A (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-05-09 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Method for reducing sunburn damage in plants |
| CN102228017A (en) * | 2011-04-03 | 2011-11-02 | 张立华 | Sunscreen cream for sunlight burns resistance of plants, its manufacturing method and its application |
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