CN106576449B

CN106576449B - Multifunctional micro-tillage machine

Info

Publication number: CN106576449B
Application number: CN201611265119.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何恩联; 陈利; 苏德超; 王卫兵; 李想
Original assignee: Chongqing Hwasdan Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Hwasdan Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-30
Filing date: 2016-12-30
Publication date: 2023-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-30
Also published as: CN106576449A

Abstract

The invention relates to small-sized farming equipment, in particular to a multifunctional mini-tiller, which comprises a rack, an engine, a power transmission mechanism, a quick-release connecting mechanism and a steering mechanism, wherein the power transmission mechanism comprises a shell, and a clutch, a walking transmission mechanism and an operation transmission mechanism which are arranged in the shell, and the quick-release connecting mechanism comprises a fixed seat, a flange head and a bolt. The invention aims to provide a micro-cultivator with multiple functions.

Description

Multifunctional micro-tillage machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to small-sized farming equipment, in particular to a multifunctional mini-tiller.

Background

The mini-tiller is a common tillage tool in the field of agricultural equipment at present, and the production efficiency of agricultural production is greatly improved by using the mini-tiller, so that the mini-tiller is more and more widely used. The mini-tiller comprises a moving device and a tilling device, wherein the moving device and other agricultural equipment of the mini-tiller can be used universally, the moving device and the tilling device of the traditional mini-tiller are connected into a whole, the moving device of the mini-tiller is difficult to be matched and connected with other equipment for use, only single tilling can be carried out, and when agricultural production is carried out, the requirements can be met only by taking a plurality of sets of agricultural equipment, equipment replacement is troublesome, and the production efficiency is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a micro-cultivator with multiple functions.

The basic scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the multifunctional mini-tiller comprises a rack, an engine, a power transmission mechanism, a quick-release connecting mechanism and a steering mechanism, wherein the power transmission mechanism comprises a shell, and a clutch, a walking transmission mechanism and an operation transmission mechanism which are arranged in the shell;

the other end of the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a first-gear driving gear and a second-gear driving gear, the second transmission shaft is rotatably connected with a first-gear driven gear which is always meshed with the first-gear driving gear, the second transmission shaft is in keyed connection with a shifting gear sleeve which can slide on the second transmission shaft, the second-gear driven gear and a reverse gear driven gear are fixed on the shifting gear sleeve, and meshing teeth which can be meshed with each other are arranged at the opposite ends of the shifting gear sleeve and the first-gear driven gear; the reverse gear shaft is fixedly provided with a first output gear and a reverse gear driving gear, the first output gear is meshed with the first gear driving gear or the second gear driving gear, and the reverse gear driven gear can be meshed with the reverse gear driving gear;

the quick-release connecting mechanism comprises a fixed seat, a flange head and a bolt, wherein the fixed seat is provided with a through hole, the end part of the flange head extends into the through hole of the fixed seat and is fixed through the bolt, the quick-release connecting mechanism also comprises a driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism, the driving mechanism is rotationally connected in the fixed seat, the transmission mechanism is rotationally connected in the flange head, the driving mechanism and the transmission mechanism are detachably connected, the driving mechanism is connected with a walking transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism is connected with the walking transmission mechanism,

actuating mechanism includes the drive shaft and connects the driving sleeve in the drive shaft, actuating mechanism includes the transmission shaft and connects the transmission cover at the transmission shaft, all be equipped with on driving sleeve and the transmission cover and be used for spacing and the spacing portion of complex of mutual circumference.

The working principle is as follows: the clutch connects the output shaft of the engine with the first transmission shaft, and when the clutch is combined, the engine drives the first transmission shaft to rotate. When the gear shifting gear sleeve is meshed with the first-gear driven gear and the second-gear driven gear is disengaged from the second-gear driving gear, the first-gear driven gear drives the second transmission shaft to rotate through the gear shifting gear sleeve, and the walking output shaft outputs in first gear; when the gear shifting gear sleeve is disengaged from the first-gear driven gear and the second-gear driven gear is engaged with the second-gear driving gear, the second-gear driven gear drives the second transmission shaft to rotate through the gear shifting gear sleeve, and the walking output shaft outputs in a second gear; when the gear shifting gear sleeve is disengaged from the first-gear driven gear and the second-gear driven gear is disengaged from the second-gear driving gear, the walking output shaft is in a neutral state; when the reverse driving gear is meshed with the reverse driven gear, the reverse driven gear drives the second transmission shaft to rotate through the gear shifting gear sleeve, and the walking output shaft outputs in a reverse mode. As can be seen from the above, the traveling transmission mechanism has four gears, which are a first gear, a second gear, a neutral gear and a reverse gear; the first gear and the second gear are forward gears, namely when the micro-cultivator works in the first gear or the second gear, the travelling mechanism is in front of the operation mechanism along the travelling direction of the micro-cultivator; when the mini-tiller works in a reverse gear mode, the travelling mechanism is arranged behind the operating mechanism along the travelling direction of the mini-tiller, and an operator is usually positioned on one side of the operating mechanism, so that only one slow reverse gear is arranged, the situation that the mini-tiller travels too fast when the mini-tiller runs backwards and a cutter in the operating mechanism injures the operator can be prevented.

The transmission mechanism and the driving structure are arranged to be detachable structures and are respectively installed in the flange head and the fixing seat, when the flange head and the fixing seat are installed and detached, the transmission mechanism and the driving mechanism can be installed and detached simultaneously, the operation is simple and rapid, and the replacement efficiency of the working device of the mini-tiller is greatly improved. The driving shaft and the transmission shaft are mutually connected through the matching of the driving sleeve and the transmission sleeve, the circumferential limiting parts of the driving sleeve and the transmission sleeve are mutually limited, and the driving shaft and the transmission shaft can be quickly separated.

Compared with the prior art, the scheme has the advantages that: the walking speed and the direction of the mini-tiller can be changed through the walking transmission mechanism.

And (II) the quick-release connecting mechanism enables the walking transmission mechanism and the operation transmission mechanism to be separated.

And thirdly, the walking transmission mechanism can be connected with various operation transmission mechanisms such as a plowing knife, film laying, fertilization, rice transplanting and the like by matching with the quick-release connection mechanism. The walking transmission mechanism can adjust the walking speed and the walking direction to adapt to the actual conditions of the operation according to different operations.

And (IV) the scheme has diversified functions, but has lower cost.

Scheme II: preferably, the operation transmission mechanism comprises a reversing part, a gear shifting part, a speed reducing part and an operation output shaft parallel to the first transmission shaft; the reversing part comprises a power input shaft and a power transmission shaft which are perpendicular to each other and are rotationally connected with the shell, one end of the power input shaft is connected with the quick-release connecting mechanism, an input bevel gear is fixed at the other end of the power input shaft, two ends of the power transmission shaft are rotationally connected with a middle bevel gear which is meshed with the input bevel gear, the middle part of the power transmission shaft is in key connection with a second meshing sleeve which can slide on the power transmission shaft, and the small end of the middle bevel gear is provided with meshing teeth which can be meshed with the second meshing sleeve; the speed reducing portion intermediate gear and the speed reducing output gear engaged with the intermediate gear, the gear shift portion transmitting the torque of the power transmitting shaft to the intermediate gear, and the gear shift portion changing the rotation speed of the speed reducing output gear.

Has the advantages that: the operation transmission mechanism can realize the forward transmission and the reverse rotation of the cutter of the operation mechanism, so that the operation is more flexible. When the power input shaft of the reversing part of the operation transmission mechanism rotates, the input bevel gear drives the middle bevel gears to rotate, and the middle bevel gears are respectively positioned at two sides of the input bevel gears, so that the two middle bevel gears have opposite rotating directions; the second meshing sleeve is shifted through the shifting fork and combined with different intermediate bevel gears, so that the steering of the second meshing sleeve can be changed, namely the steering of the power transmission shaft is changed, and the steering of the speed reduction output gear of the speed reduction part is changed. The power of the working mechanism is output through the speed reducing part, and the power of the speed reducing part is input through the reversing gear, so that the steering of the cutter in the working mechanism can be changed by changing the steering of the reversing gear. In addition, the gear shifting part can enable the reduction output gear to output at different rotating speeds.

The third scheme is as follows: for the preferred of basic scheme, spacing portion is the spline tooth, driving sleeve fixed connection is in the drive shaft, driving sleeve sliding connection is on the transmission shaft, the epaxial fixedly connected with stop collar of transmission, be connected with supporting spring between driving sleeve and the stop collar, for spline cup joint and clearance fit between driving sleeve and the transmission shaft, for spline cup joint and interference fit between drive shaft and the driving sleeve.

Has the advantages that: the number of teeth of the spline teeth is large, the number of circumferential supporting points is large, and transmission stability can be improved. The supporting spring supports the transmission sleeve to tightly abut against the limiting sleeve, so that the limiting sleeve and the transmission sleeve are attached more tightly without a gap, and the transmission stability is improved. Utilize the spline to realize spacing of circumference, sliding connection between clearance fit has guaranteed between drive sleeve and the transmission shaft, and fixed connection between drive shaft and the driving sleeve has been guaranteed to interference fit, and the spline is compared ordinary to build and is connected, and its strong point increases, connects more firmly, stably, and has reduced the concentration of stress.

The scheme four is as follows: preferably, the clutch mechanism further comprises a buckle which is rotatably connected to the fixed seat, one end of the buckle abuts against the transmission sleeve, and the other end of the buckle is connected with a pull wire.

Has the advantages that: the handle is pulled by the pull wire to rotate, the handle is buckled with the transmission sleeve to slide so as to be separated from the driving sleeve, and therefore the transmission shaft and the driving shaft are separated quickly, and transmission is cut off.

And a fifth scheme: preferably, the fixing seat is provided with a mounting hole, the bolt is inserted into the mounting hole, the outer wall of the bolt is exposed in the through hole of the fixing seat, and the outer wall of the bolt, which is exposed in the through hole, is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; be equipped with on the flange head outer wall with the corresponding second arc wall of this arc wall, the bolt passes mounting hole and tip and stretches out the mounting hole, and the end threaded connection that stretches out of bolt has and is used for the spacing nut of axial, fixedly connected with limiting plate on the bolt, be equipped with spherical groove on the limiting plate, be equipped with the blind hole on the fixing base, follow supreme spacing spring and the spacing ball of installing down in the blind hole.

Has the advantages that: the position of the first arc-shaped groove is adjusted by rotating the plug pin, when the position of the first arc-shaped groove is overlapped back to the second arc-shaped groove, the plug pin is positioned in the second arc-shaped groove, the limiting of the flange head is realized, and the flange head and the fixed seat cannot be separated; when first arc wall and second arc wall coincide, the flange head breaks away from the spacing of bolt, makes flange head and fixing base can easily separate, realizes dismantling, and this structure operation is swift convenient, and is spacing accurate. Spacing ball supports tightly to the limiting plate under limiting spring's support, when rotating bolt to spherical recess and spacing ball coincidence, can play certain positioning action to the bolt, prevents that the bolt from rotating.

Scheme six: preferably, the second transmission shaft is provided with five annular grooves, the cross section of each annular groove is semicircular, a blind hole is formed in the gear shifting gear sleeve, a spring and a steel ball are arranged in the blind hole, and the spring enables the steel ball to be pressed on the second transmission shaft in an ejecting mode.

Has the advantages that: when the gear shifting gear sleeve slides on the second transmission shaft and the blind hole just corresponds to the groove, the steel ball is embedded into the annular groove, so that the gear shifting gear sleeve has a certain positioning effect, and the gear shifting gear sleeve can be prevented from moving when the operation output shaft outputs in each gear.

The scheme is seven: preferably, a third-gear driving gear and a work output gear are fixed on the work output shaft, a second output gear is fixed on the reverse shaft, the third-gear driving gear can be meshed with the reverse driven gear, and the work output gear is meshed with the second output gear. Has the advantages that: the high-speed gear is added, so that the mini-tiller can walk at a high rotating speed when only the walking mechanism works, and the mini-tiller can quickly reach a destination in a non-tillage state.

And the eighth scheme is as follows: the steering mechanism comprises a handrail seat, a handrail support arm, a handrail frame and a grinding disc tooth assembly, wherein one end of the handrail support arm is connected with the handrail seat, the other end of the handrail support arm is connected with the handrail frame, and the handrail support arm is connected with the handrail seat through the grinding disc tooth assembly; the mill tooth subassembly includes intermeshing's last mill tooth and lower mill tooth, go up the mill tooth with handrail support arm fixed connection, down the mill tooth with handrail seat fixed connection, it has the through-hole to go up mill tooth and mill tooth middle part down, it has the annular space with lower mill tooth interval to go up the mill tooth, be equipped with first retaining member between handrail seat and the handrail support arm, first retaining member passes handrail seat, lower mill tooth through-hole, the through-hole of last mill tooth and handrail support arm and adjusts in order handrail seat with elasticity between the handrail support arm still includes the centering cover, the centering cover is located the annular space of mill tooth group, the centering cover is the cavity ring-type, the outer wall of first retaining member is located to the centering cover, the centering cover suits with the annular space.

Has the advantages that: the armrest support arm and the armrest frame are manufactured independently in the process, the armrest seat is a connection base of the armrest support arm connection mini-tiller, the armrest seat and the armrest support arm are connected through the grinding disc tooth assembly, the grinding disc tooth assembly can stably fix the armrest seat and the armrest support arm when being screwed down under the action of external force, upper grinding disc teeth and lower grinding disc teeth in the grinding disc tooth assembly can be separated from each other when the external force is removed, and the armrest support arm can rotate relative to the armrest seat at the moment. As mentioned in the background, in the prior art, the upper grinding disc teeth and the lower grinding disc teeth are formed by punch forming, and enterprises consider the manufacturing cost and the processing difficulty, and annular gaps are formed among grinding disc tooth components. The middle parts of the upper grinding disc teeth and the lower grinding disc teeth are provided with through holes, and the through holes reserve installation positions for the first locking pieces. The first locking piece has the function of shortening the distance between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc through the telescopic function. The first locking piece is also used as a middle shaft when the handrail support arm and the upper grinding disc teeth rotate. The centering sleeve fills the gap between the grinding disc tooth assemblies, so that the grinding disc tooth assemblies are more stable in structure. The centering sleeve is a middle shaft when the upper grinding disc teeth are separated from the lower grinding disc teeth. When the upper grinding disc teeth are lifted, the upper grinding disc teeth vertically slide by taking the outer wall of the centering sleeve as an axis, so that the upper grinding disc teeth cannot incline in the lifting process, and can be completely separated from the lower grinding disc teeth. The upper grinding disc teeth and the lower grinding disc teeth can rotate relatively freely.

The ninth scheme is the eighth scheme, the bottom of the centering sleeve is provided with a limiting seat, and an annular concave part adaptive to the shape of the limiting seat is arranged in the lower grinding disc tooth.

Has the advantages that: the centering sleeve can be lifted together when the upper grinding disc teeth rotate, and the limiting seat is arranged at the bottom of the centering sleeve and is embedded into the annular concave part, so that the centering sleeve and the lower grinding disc are fixed together to avoid the influence on the centering effect caused by the lifting of the centering sleeve.

The scheme is preferable to the scheme eight, the middle part of the upper end of the armrest seat is rotatably connected with an armrest support arm which is vertically installed, a limiting plate is fixed on the armrest support arm, a through hole is formed in the armrest seat on the outer side of the armrest support arm, a vertically installed compression rod penetrates through the through hole, a compression plate is fixed at the top end of the compression rod, a compression block is fixed at the bottom end of the compression rod, and an elastic reset piece is sleeved on the compression rod between the compression plate and the armrest seat; the side wall of the shell is rotatably connected with a gear shifting sheet, the gear shifting sheet is positioned below the pressure lever, and the gear shifting sheet is clamped with the gear shifting gear sleeve.

Has the advantages that: the gear shifting tooth sleeve slides on the power shaft to correspond to different gears, the gear shifting piece is rotatably connected to the gear shifting box and connected with the gear shifting tooth sleeve, different rotation angles of the gear shifting piece correspond to different gears of the mini-tiller, and the position of the gear shifting tooth sleeve on the power shaft can be adjusted when the gear shifting blocking piece rotates, so that the gears are changed. During normal use, the limiting plate on the handrail support arm breaks away from the clamp plate, and the briquetting of depression bar lower extreme is unsettled under the effect of elasticity piece that resets, and the gear shift piece can be at the angle within range rotation that all gears correspond, realizes ploughing machine's high-speed shelves to the regulation of reversing gear a little. When the mini-tiller needs to be used in a reversing mode, the armrest support arm is rotated by taking the middle of the armrest seat as a center to adapt to operation, and the armrest seat provides supporting and centering effects for the armrest support arm. When the armrest support arm rotates, the limiting plate also rotates, the pressing plate is pressed downwards when the armrest support arm rotates, the limiting plate is blocked at the upper end of the pressing plate after the armrest support arm rotates to a required position, the pressing rod is prevented from rebounding, the lower end of the pressing rod penetrates through the armrest seat and is blocked above the gear shifting piece, the moving range of the gear shifting piece is limited, after the armrest support arm rotates and shifts, the pressing rod limits the rotating range of the gear shifting piece, the gear shifting piece can only rotate within a fixed angle range, the gear shifting gear sleeve can only move between fixed gear positions on a power shaft, gear limiting is achieved, gears are limited after the mini-tiller is reversed, the gear shifting can only work at a low gear after the gear shifting can be achieved, and safety risks caused by high-gear work after the gear shifting are reduced. When the direction is changed again, the armrest support arm returns to a normal state, the limiting plate is separated from the pressing plate, the pressing plate is upwards jacked up under the effect of the elastic resetting piece, the pressing rod and the pressing block are driven to move upwards, the pressing block does not limit the moving range of the gear shifting piece any more, and the gear shifting piece can change from a high gear to a reverse gear. Therefore, the gear shifting of the mini-tiller can be effectively controlled according to the actual use condition through the scheme, particularly the mini-tiller can be limited to be in a low-gear running state when the mini-tiller is used in a reversing mode, and the mini-tiller is safer to use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power transmission mechanism in an embodiment of the multifunctional mini-tiller.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a quick release connecting mechanism in an embodiment of the multifunctional mini-tiller of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the disassembled structure of fig. 3.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a steering mechanism in the embodiment of the multifunctional mini-tiller.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a steering mechanism in the embodiment of the multifunctional mini-tiller.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:

a multifunctional mini-tiller comprises a frame, an engine, a power transmission mechanism, a quick-release connecting mechanism and a steering mechanism,

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the power transmission mechanism includes a first housing, a second housing, a taper clutch 11, a walking transmission mechanism and a working transmission mechanism; the first shell and the second shell are connected through a flange plate, the walking transmission mechanism is arranged in the first shell, the operation transmission mechanism is arranged in the second shell, and the walking transmission mechanism and the operation transmission mechanism are connected through a quick-release connecting mechanism.

The walking mechanism comprises a first transmission shaft 1201, a second transmission shaft 1202, a work output shaft 1204, a reverse gear shaft and a walking output shaft 1206, wherein the first transmission shaft 1201, the second transmission shaft 1202, the walking output shaft 1206 and the reverse gear shaft are arranged horizontally, the walking output shaft 1206 and the reverse gear shaft are arranged vertically, the first transmission shaft 1201 is connected with the work output shaft 1204 in a rotating mode, and the second output shaft is parallel to the first output shaft. The left end of the first transmission shaft 1201 is connected with an output shaft of the engine through the taper clutch 11, and the taper of the taper clutch 11 is 8 degrees; the left end of the work output shaft 1204 is inserted into the right end of the first output shaft, and the work output shaft 1204 is rotatably connected to the first transmission shaft 1201, so that the installation distance of the first transmission shaft 1201 and the work transmission shaft can be reduced. The left end of the second transmission shaft 1202 is provided with a small bevel gear which is integrally formed with the second transmission shaft 1202, the upper end key of the walking output shaft 1206 is connected with a large bevel gear, the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear, and the second transmission shaft 1202 drives the walking output shaft 1206 to rotate through the small bevel gear and the large bevel gear which are meshed with each other, so that power is output. The first transmission shaft 1201 is provided with a first-gear driving gear 1211 and a second-gear driving gear 1212, and the second transmission shaft 1202 is provided with a first-gear driven gear 1210, a second-gear driven gear 1209 and a reverse driven gear 1208. The reverse gear shaft is fixedly provided with a first output gear 1215, a reverse driving gear 1214 and a second output gear 1213; the work output shaft 1204 is provided with a third gear driving gear 1205 and a work output gear.

The first driving gear 1211 and the second driving gear 1212 are integrally formed with the first transmission shaft 1201, the first driven gear 1210 is rotatably connected to the second transmission shaft 1202, and the first driving gear 1211 is always engaged with the first driven gear 1210. The second transmission shaft 1202 is splined with a gear shifting sleeve, a second-gear driven gear 1209, a reverse gear driven gear 1208 and the gear shifting sleeve are integrally formed, and the second transmission shaft 1202 slides through the arrangement of a shifting fork, namely the gear shifting sleeve. The opposite ends of the first-gear driven gear 1210 and the gear shifting gear sleeve are provided with meshing teeth which can be meshed with each other; when the engaging teeth of the first-gear driven gear 1210 and the second-gear driven gear 1209 are engaged, the second-gear driven gear 1209 and the second-gear driving gear 1212 are disengaged, so that the first-gear driven gear 1210 drives the gear shift sleeve to rotate, thereby driving the second transmission shaft 1202 to rotate, and the traveling output shaft 1206 outputs in the first gear. When the second-gear driven gear 1209 and the second-gear driving gear 1212 are in the engaged state, and the first-gear driven gear 1210 and the engaging teeth of the shifting sleeve are disengaged, the second-gear driving gear 1212 drives the second-gear driven gear 1209 to rotate, so as to drive the second transmission shaft 1202 to rotate, and the walking output shaft 1206 outputs in the second gear.

The first output gear 1215 on the reverse gear shaft is always meshed with the second driving gear 1212, so that the first transmission shaft 1201 drives the reverse gear shaft to rotate; the second output gear 1213 is always meshed with the working output gear, so that the reverse shaft always drives the working output shaft 1204 to rotate. When the shift sleeve is slid to engage the third driving gear 1205 with the reverse driven gear 1208, the working output shaft 1204 drives the second transmission shaft 1202 to rotate, and the traveling output shaft 1206 outputs in third gear. If the shift sleeve is slid further so that neither the second-speed driven gear 1209 nor the reverse driven gear 1208 is engaged with any gear, the travel output shaft 1206 is in a neutral state. The gear sleeve is slid to engage the reverse driven gear 1208 with the reverse driving gear 1214, so that the reverse shaft drives the second transmission shaft 1202 to rotate, and the traveling output shaft 1206 outputs the reverse gear.

In this embodiment, the working output shaft 1204 can output at five gears, i.e. first gear, second gear, third gear, neutral gear and reverse gear, and the second transmission shaft 1202 is correspondingly provided with five annular grooves, the sections of which are semicircular; the inside of the gear shifting sleeve is provided with a blind hole, a spring and a steel ball are arranged in the blind hole, and the spring pushes the steel ball against the second transmission shaft 1202. When the gear shifting gear sleeve slides on the second transmission shaft 1202 and the blind hole just corresponds to the groove, the steel ball is embedded into the annular groove, so that the gear shifting gear sleeve has a certain positioning effect, and the gear shifting gear sleeve can be prevented from moving when the operation output shaft 1204 outputs in each gear.

The operation transmission mechanism comprises a reversing part, a gear shifting part and a speed reducing part. The reversing part includes a power input shaft 141 and a power transmission shaft 142, the power input shaft 141 and the power transmission shaft 142 are perpendicular to each other, and the power input shaft 141 and the power transmission shaft 142 are rotatably connected to the second housing. The right end of the power input shaft 141 is in splined connection with an input bevel gear 143, both ends of the power transmission shaft are rotatably connected with intermediate bevel gears 144, and the two intermediate bevel gears 144 are meshed with the input bevel gear 143; the small end of the middle bevel gear 144 is provided with meshing teeth, the middle part of the power transmission shaft 142 is connected with a second meshing sleeve 146 in a spline mode, the second meshing sleeve 146 can slide on the power transmission shaft, and the second meshing sleeve 146 can be combined with the meshing teeth through a shifting fork. One end of the power transmission shaft is also splined with a first reversing gear 145, and when the second meshing sleeve 146 is meshed with a different intermediate bevel gear 144, the rotating direction of the first reversing gear 145 is different.

In this embodiment, the input bevel gear 143 and the intermediate bevel gear 144 are helical bevel gears, and the taper angle of the intermediate bevel gear 144 is 5 to 10 °.

The shift portion includes a first shift shaft 151 and a second shift shaft 152 rotatably connected to the second housing, and one end of the first shift shaft is splined to a second direction changing gear 153 engaged with the first direction changing gear 145, so that the first shift shaft 151 is rotated by the first direction changing gear 145. The first shift shaft 151 is further splined to a first driving gear and a second driving gear, which are integrally formed, and the first driving gear and the second driving gear can slide on the first shift shaft 151 by means of a shifting fork. The first driven gear and the second driven gear are connected to the second rotating shaft through splines and are fixed with the second shift shaft 152; the first driving gear and the second driving gear are meshed through sliding the first driving gear and the second driving gear by the shifting fork, and when the first driving gear is meshed with the first driven gear, the rotating speed of the second gear shifting shaft 152 is in the first gear; when the second driving gear meshes with the second driven gear, the second shift shaft 152 rotates at the second gear.

The speed reducing part comprises a first intermediate gear 161, a second intermediate gear 162 and a speed reducing output gear 163 which are meshed in sequence, the first intermediate gear 161 is meshed with the driven gear II, and finally, power is output from the speed reducing output gear 163, so that the purposes of speed reduction and power output are achieved; and the first intermediate gear 161, the second intermediate gear 162 and the reduction output gear 163 are sequentially disposed downward so that the work tool reaches a desired height from the ground.

As shown in fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5, the quick-release connection mechanism mainly comprises a fixing base 301, a flange head 302, and a bolt 303, wherein a through hole is formed in the fixing base 301, a driving mechanism is installed in the through hole, the end of the flange head 302 extends into the through hole of the fixing base 301 and is fixed by the bolt 303, a transmission mechanism is installed in the flange head 302, and the driving mechanism and the transmission mechanism are detachably connected.

The driving mechanism consists of a driving shaft 304 and a driving sleeve 341 connected to the driving shaft 304, the transmission mechanism consists of a transmission shaft 305 and a transmission sleeve 351 connected to the transmission shaft 305, and limit parts used for mutual circumferential limit are processed on the driving sleeve 341 and the transmission sleeve 351. The specific form of the limiting part can be spline teeth, can also be a pawl, and can also be a protruding structure in other forms. Be spline housing and clearance fit between transmission sleeve 351 and the transmission shaft 305, interference fit has the stop collar on the transmission shaft 305, is connected with supporting spring 306 between the stop collar on transmission sleeve 351 and the transmission shaft 305, be spline housing and interference fit between drive shaft 304 and the driving sleeve 341. Utilize the spline to realize spacing of circumference, sliding connection between clearance fit has guaranteed between transmission sleeve 351 and the transmission shaft 305, and interference fit has guaranteed the fixed connection between drive shaft 304 and the drive sleeve 341, and the spline is compared ordinary and is built the connection, and its strong point increases, connects more firmly, stably, and has reduced the concentration of stress. The driving shaft 304 and the transmission shaft 305 are mutually connected through the matching of the driving sleeve 341 and the transmission sleeve 351, and the driving shaft 304 and the transmission shaft 305 can be quickly separated by mutually limiting the circumferential limiting parts of the driving sleeve 341 and the transmission sleeve 351. A clutch mechanism is arranged between the driving mechanism and the transmission mechanism, the clutch mechanism is provided with a buckle 307 which is rotationally connected on the fixed seat 301, one end of the buckle 307 is pressed against the transmission sleeve 351, and the other end of the buckle 307 is connected with a pull wire. The handle 307 is pulled by the pull wire to rotate, the handle 307 drives the transmission sleeve 351 to slide to separate from the driving sleeve 341, so that the transmission shaft 305 and the driving shaft 304 are quickly separated, and the transmission is disconnected.

As shown in fig. 5, a mounting hole is formed in the fixing base 301, the plug 303 is inserted into the mounting hole, the outer wall of the plug 303 is exposed in the through hole of the fixing base 301, the plug 303 passes through the mounting hole, the end portion of the plug 303 extends out of the mounting hole, the extending end of the plug 303 is in threaded connection with a nut 336 for axial limiting, and the plug 303 is fixedly connected with a limiting plate 332. The outer wall of the bolt 303 exposed in the through hole is provided with a first arc-shaped groove 333, and the outer wall of the flange head 302 is provided with a second arc-shaped groove 321 corresponding to the arc-shaped groove. The position of the first arc-shaped groove 333 is adjusted by rotating the plug pin 303, when the position of the first arc-shaped groove 333 is back to the second arc-shaped groove 321 to be overlapped, the plug pin is positioned in the second arc-shaped groove 321, so that the limit of the flange head 302 is realized, and the flange head 302 cannot be separated from the fixed seat 301; when the first arc-shaped groove 333 and the second arc-shaped groove 321 are overlapped, the flange head 302 is separated from the limit position of the bolt 303, so that the flange head 302 and the fixed seat 301 can be easily separated to realize the disassembly, and the structure has the advantages of quick and convenient operation and accurate limit position. The limiting plate 332 is provided with a spherical groove, the fixing seat 301 is provided with a blind hole, and a limiting spring 335 and a limiting ball 334 are arranged in the blind hole from bottom to top. The limiting ball 334 is supported by the limiting spring 335 and abuts against the limiting plate 332 tightly, and when the bolt 303 is rotated until the spherical groove and the limiting ball 334 are overlapped, a certain positioning effect can be achieved on the bolt 303, so that the bolt 303 is prevented from rotating. The upper end of the bolt 303 is provided with a handle 331. The user can hold the swing bolt 303 conveniently and manually.

The implementation process of the structure is as follows: during installation, the bolt 303 is rotated through the handle 331, so that the first arc-shaped groove 333 on the bolt 303 faces the through hole, the profiles of the inner walls of the first arc-shaped groove 333 and the through hole are aligned, the bolt 303 does not play a limiting role at the moment, the flange head 302 is inserted into the fixing seat 301 together with the transmission mechanism, and the spline teeth on the driving sleeve 341 and the transmission sleeve 351 are aligned and matched. The bolt 303 is rotated to enable the first arc-shaped groove 333 to face away from the second arc-shaped groove 321, and the bolt 303 is matched in the second arc-shaped groove 321 for limiting, so that the flange head 302 is prevented from falling off. When the bolt 303 rotates to the limit position, the limit ball 334 just falls into the spherical groove on the limit plate 332, so that the bolt 303 is prevented from rotating. When disassembly is required, the pull wire is pulled to disconnect the driving sleeve 341 and the transmission sleeve 351 in advance, and the driving is disconnected. The bolt 303 is rotated to make the first arc-shaped groove 333 and the second arc-shaped groove 321 coincide, and the flange head 302 is separated from the limit of the bolt 303.

As shown in fig. 6, the steering mechanism comprises a handrail seat 410, a handrail support arm 420, a handrail frame 430 and a grinding wheel tooth assembly 440 which are connected with the mini-tiller, wherein one end of the handrail support arm 420 is connected with the handrail seat 410, the other end of the handrail support arm 420 is connected with the handrail frame 430, and the handrail support arm 420 and the handrail seat 410 are connected through the grinding wheel tooth assembly 440; the grinding wheel tooth assembly 440 comprises an upper grinding wheel tooth 441 and a lower grinding wheel tooth 442 which are meshed with each other, the upper grinding wheel tooth 441 is fixedly connected with the armrest support arm 420, the lower grinding wheel tooth 442 is fixedly connected with the armrest seat 410, a through hole is formed in the middle of the upper grinding wheel tooth 441 and the lower grinding wheel tooth 442, an annular gap is formed between the upper grinding wheel tooth 441 and the lower grinding wheel tooth 442, a first locking member 411 is arranged between the armrest seat 410 and the armrest support arm 420, the first locking member 411 sequentially penetrates through the through hole of the armrest seat 410, the through hole of the lower grinding wheel tooth 442, the through hole of the upper grinding wheel tooth 441 and the armrest support arm 420, the grinding wheel tooth assembly further comprises a centering sleeve 443, the centering sleeve 443 is located in the annular gap of the grinding wheel tooth assembly, the centering sleeve 443 is hollow and annular, the centering sleeve 443 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first locking member 411, and the centering sleeve 443 is matched with the annular gap. The bottom of the centering sleeve 443 is provided with a limiting seat 4431, and the lower grinding disc teeth 442 are internally provided with an annular concave part which is matched with the limiting seat 4431 in shape. The armrest seat 410 comprises a groove-shaped block 412 and a plate-shaped block 413, the back surface of the groove-shaped block 412 is welded 420 with the armrest support arm, the front surface of the groove-shaped block 412 is welded on the plate-shaped block 413, and the plate-shaped block 413 is fixed on a frame of the micro-cultivator through a bolt 4122. The side of the groove-shaped block 412 is provided with a limiting through hole, and a limiting bolt is connected in the limiting through hole. The plate type piece 413 has the patchhole, first locking piece 411 includes lock lever 4111, lock sleeve 4113 and locking head 4112, lock lever 4111 has head and pole portion, the diameter of head is greater than patchhole pole portion integrated into one piece, the outer wall screw thread section of the head end of pole portion, the inner wall of lock head 4112 has the screw thread portion with the screw thread section threaded connection of pole portion, the bottom mounting of lock sleeve 4113 is on last grinding chuck tooth 441, the top of lock sleeve 4113 passes the locking through-hole of handrail support arm 420 and laminates with lock head 4112. The locking head 4112 is connected with a handle.

The installation process comprises the following steps: before installation, the centering sleeve 443 is placed in the annular gap of the grinding disc tooth assembly 440, the limiting seat 4431 of the centering sleeve 443 is embedded into the annular concave portion of the lower grinding disc tooth 442, the locking rod 4111 penetrates through the insertion hole, the centering sleeve 443, the locking sleeve 4113 and the locking through hole of the armrest support arm 420 during installation, the head portion of the locking rod 4111 is attached to the lower end face of the plate type block 413, and the rod portion of the locking rod 4111 is in threaded connection with the locking head 4112. The process of rotating the armrest frame 430: when the locking head 4112 is unscrewed, the handle holder 430, the handle arm 420, and the upper grating teeth 441 fixed together are lifted and then rotated, and the centering sleeve 443 is fixed to the lower grating teeth 442 to restrict the upper grating teeth 441, so that the upper grating teeth 441 rotate about the centering sleeve 443. After the grinding disc tooth assembly is rotated to the position, the locking head 4112 is screwed again to lock the grinding disc tooth assembly.

As shown in fig. 7, a transverse limiting plate 204 is welded on the armrest support arm, a via hole is formed in the plate-type block outside the groove-type block, a transverse support plate 205 is welded on the side wall of the groove-type block close to the via hole, and a through hole coaxial with the via hole is formed in the support plate 205. The vertical installation's depression bar 206 is worn to be equipped with in the downthehole, and the top of depression bar 206 is equipped with the external screw thread and is fixed with clamp plate 207 through the nut, and the right side integrated into one piece of clamp plate 207 upper end has locating plate 208, and the bottom end thread tightening of depression bar 206 has briquetting 215, and the cover is equipped with spring 209 on the depression bar 206 between clamp plate 207 and the extension board 205. The support plate 205 outside the through hole is provided with a guide hole, a guide rod 210 vertically installed is arranged in the guide hole in a penetrating mode, the top end of the guide rod 210 is integrally formed on the pressing plate 207, and the bottom end of the guide plate is fixed with an anti-falling plate 211 through threads. A rotatable shift lever 214 penetrates through the side wall of the gear shifting box 200 close to the pressure lever 206, a shift lever 216 is fixed at one end of the shift lever 214 positioned in the gear shifting box 200, the free end of the shift lever 216 is positioned in a clamping groove 218 between a front gear 217 and a rear gear 219 on the gear shifting gear sleeve, and a gear shifting sheet is integrally formed at one end of the shift lever 214 positioned outside the gear shifting box 200. The gear shift piece comprises a swing piece 212 which is vertically arranged, the swing piece 212 and the gear shift rod 214 are integrally formed, a blocking piece 213 is integrally formed at the lower end of the swing piece 212, the blocking piece 213 is located below the pressing piece 215, and a pull ring is fixed at one end, far away from the gear shift rod 214, of the swing piece 212.

In this embodiment, in practical application, an annular groove is formed in the shift shaft corresponding to different gears, a radial blind hole is formed in the wall of a shaft hole of the shift sleeve, a positioning steel ball is arranged in the blind hole, a pressure spring is arranged between the positioning steel ball and the bottom of the blind hole, the shift sleeve slides on the power shaft 220 to correspond to different gears, the positioning steel ball is ejected out through the pressure spring to position the position of the shift sleeve on the power shaft 220, a shift plate is rotatably connected to the shift box 200 through a shift lever and is connected with the shift sleeve through a shift rod 216, different rotation angles of the shift plate correspond to different gears of a mini-tiller, the shift sleeve is pushed to move on the power shaft 220 through rotation of the shift rod 216 when the shift plate rotates, the position of the shift sleeve on the power shaft 220 can be adjusted, and accordingly the gears are changed. During normal use, the limiting plate 204 on the armrest support arm is separated from the pressing plate 207, the pressing block 215 at the lower end of the pressing rod 206 is suspended under the action of the spring 209, and the gear shifting piece can rotate within the angle range corresponding to all gears, so that the adjustment from a high gear to a reverse gear of the mini-tiller is realized. When the mini-tiller needs reversing for use, the middle part of the groove-shaped block is used as a center to rotate the handrail support arm to adapt to operation, and the handrail seat provides supporting and centering functions for the handrail support arm. When the armrest support arm rotates, the limiting plate 204 rotates along with the armrest support arm, the pressing plate 207 is pressed downwards when the armrest support arm rotates, the limiting plate 204 is blocked at the upper end of the pressing plate 207 after the armrest support arm rotates to a required position, the pressing rod 206 is prevented from rebounding, the limiting plate 204 is positioned through the positioning plate 208, the pressing rod 206 is guided through the guide rod 210 and the support plate 205, the lower end of the pressing rod 206 penetrates through an armrest seat and is blocked above a gear shifting piece, the pressing block 215 is pressed at the upper end of the blocking piece 213 to limit the moving range of the gear shifting piece, when the armrest support arm rotates and shifts backwards, the pressing rod 206 limits the rotating range of the gear shifting piece, the gear shifting piece can only rotate within a fixed angle range, the gear shifting gear sleeve can only move between fixed gear positions on the power shaft 220, gear limiting is achieved, gear shifting of the micro-reversing tiller can be limited, backward shifting can only work at a low gear, at the moment, a pull rope is connected to pull the micro tiller to be adjusted between 1 gear and 0 and 1 gear, and neutral gear shifting is always kept in use, and the risk of safe reversing work of a high pull ring after gear shifting is reduced. When the direction is changed again, the armrest support arm returns to the normal state, the limiting plate 204 is separated from the pressing plate 207, the pressing plate 207 is jacked up under the action of the deformation recovery of the spring 209, the pressing rod 206 and the pressing block 215 are driven to move upwards, the pressing block 215 does not limit the moving range of the gear shifting piece any more, and the gear shifting piece can be changed from a high gear to a reverse gear by pulling a pull rope on the pull ring.

Claims

1. A multifunctional mini-tiller comprises a frame, an engine, a power transmission mechanism, a quick-release connecting mechanism and a steering mechanism,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the power transmission mechanism comprises a shell, and a clutch, a walking transmission mechanism and an operation transmission mechanism which are arranged in the shell, wherein the walking transmission mechanism and the operation transmission mechanism are connected through a quick-release connecting mechanism;

the other end of the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a first-gear driving gear and a second-gear driving gear, the second transmission shaft is rotatably connected with a first-gear driven gear which is always meshed with the first-gear driving gear, a gear shifting sleeve which can slide on the second transmission shaft is connected with the second transmission shaft in a key mode, the second-gear driven gear and a reverse gear driven gear are fixed on the gear shifting sleeve, and meshing teeth which can be meshed with each other are arranged at the opposite ends of the gear shifting sleeve and the first-gear driven gear; the reverse gear shaft is fixedly provided with a first output gear and a reverse gear driving gear, the first output gear is meshed with the first gear driving gear or the second gear driving gear, and the reverse gear driven gear can be meshed with the reverse gear driving gear;

the driving mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driving sleeve connected to the driving shaft, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission shaft and a transmission sleeve connected to the transmission shaft, and the driving sleeve and the transmission sleeve are respectively provided with a limiting part for mutual circumferential limiting and matching;

the operation transmission mechanism comprises a reversing part, a gear shifting part, a speed reducing part and an operation output shaft parallel to the first transmission shaft; the reversing part comprises a power input shaft and a power transmission shaft which are perpendicular to each other and are rotationally connected with the shell, one end of the power input shaft is connected with the quick-release connecting mechanism, an input bevel gear is fixed at the other end of the power input shaft, two ends of the power transmission shaft are rotationally connected with middle bevel gears which are meshed with the input bevel gears, the middle part of the power transmission shaft is in key connection with a second meshing sleeve which can slide on the power transmission shaft, and the small end of the middle bevel gear is provided with meshing teeth which can be meshed with the second meshing sleeve; a reduction portion intermediate gear and a reduction output gear engaged with the intermediate gear, the shift portion transmitting torque of the power transmission shaft to the intermediate gear, and the shift portion being capable of changing a rotation speed of the reduction output gear;

spacing portion is the spline tooth, driving sleeve fixed connection is in the drive shaft, driving sleeve sliding connection is on the transmission shaft, fixedly connected with stop collar on the transmission shaft, be connected with supporting spring between driving sleeve and the stop collar, cup joint and clearance fit for the spline between driving sleeve and the transmission shaft, cup joint and interference fit for the spline between drive shaft and the driving sleeve.

2. The multi-functional micro-cultivator of claim 1, wherein: the clutch mechanism comprises a handle rotationally connected to the fixed seat, one end of the handle abuts against the transmission sleeve, and the other end of the handle is connected with a pull wire.

3. The multi-functional micro-cultivator of claim 2, wherein: the fixing seat is provided with a mounting hole, the bolt is inserted into the mounting hole, the outer wall of the bolt is exposed in the through hole of the fixing seat, and the outer wall of the bolt, which is exposed in the through hole, is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; be equipped with on the flange head outer wall with the corresponding second arc wall of this arc wall, the bolt passes mounting hole and tip and stretches out the mounting hole, and the end threaded connection that stretches out of bolt has and is used for the spacing nut of axial, fixedly connected with limiting plate on the bolt, be equipped with spherical groove on the limiting plate, be equipped with the blind hole on the fixing base, follow supreme spacing spring and the spacing ball of installing down in the blind hole.

4. The multifunctional mini-tiller of claim 1, wherein five annular grooves are formed in the second transmission shaft, the annular grooves are semicircular in section, a blind hole is formed in the gear shifting sleeve, and a spring and a steel ball are arranged in the blind hole and are used for pushing the steel ball against the second transmission shaft.

5. The multi-functional mini-tiller of claim 4, wherein a third gear driving gear and a working output gear are fixed on the working output shaft, a second output gear is fixed on the reverse gear shaft, the third gear driving gear can be meshed with the reverse gear driven gear, and the working output gear is meshed with the second output gear.

6. The multi-functional micro-cultivator of claim 1, 3 or 2, characterized in that: the steering mechanism comprises a handrail seat, a handrail support arm, a handrail frame and a grinding disc tooth assembly, wherein one end of the handrail support arm is connected with the handrail seat, the other end of the handrail support arm is connected with the handrail frame, and the handrail support arm is connected with the handrail seat through the grinding disc tooth assembly; the mill tooth subassembly includes intermeshing's last mill tooth and lower mill tooth, go up the mill tooth with handrail support arm fixed connection, down the mill tooth with handrail seat fixed connection, it has the through-hole to go up mill tooth and mill tooth middle part down, it has the annular space with lower mill tooth interval to go up the mill tooth, be equipped with first retaining member between handrail seat and the handrail support arm, first retaining member passes handrail seat, lower mill tooth through-hole, the through-hole of last mill tooth and handrail support arm and adjusts in order handrail seat with elasticity between the handrail support arm still includes the centering cover, the centering cover is located the annular space of mill tooth group, the centering cover is the cavity ring-type, the outer wall of first retaining member is located to the centering cover, the centering cover suits with the annular space.

7. The multi-functional micro-cultivator of claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the centering sleeve is provided with a limiting seat, and an annular concave part which is matched with the limiting seat in shape is arranged in the lower grinding disc tooth.

8. The multi-functional micro-cultivator of claim 6, wherein: the middle part of the upper end of the armrest seat is rotatably connected with an armrest support arm which is vertically installed, a limiting plate is fixed on the armrest support arm, a through hole is formed in the armrest seat on the outer side of the armrest support arm, a vertically installed pressing rod penetrates through the through hole, a pressing plate is fixed at the top end of the pressing rod, a pressing block is fixed at the bottom end of the pressing rod, and an elastic reset piece is sleeved on the pressing rod between the pressing plate and the armrest seat; the side wall of the shell is rotatably connected with a gear shifting sheet, the gear shifting sheet is positioned below the pressure lever, and the gear shifting sheet is clamped with the gear shifting gear sleeve.