CN106571865B - Telemetry data access transmission method of satellite constellation - Google Patents
Telemetry data access transmission method of satellite constellation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106571865B CN106571865B CN201611001201.9A CN201611001201A CN106571865B CN 106571865 B CN106571865 B CN 106571865B CN 201611001201 A CN201611001201 A CN 201611001201A CN 106571865 B CN106571865 B CN 106571865B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18517—Transmission equipment in earth stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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Abstract
The invention relates to a telemetry data access transmission method of a satellite constellation, which comprises the steps of distinguishing access telemetry data satellite ports; framing the transmitted data and obtaining a transmission frame; a step of simultaneously accessing a plurality of satellites in the constellation to the same ground measurement and control equipment; coordinating a plurality of satellites to transmit transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control equipment according to a time sequence; the step of distinguishing the ports of the transmitted data satellite comprises the operation of reading transmission source address information, destination address information, source port number information, destination port number information and transmission priority information through the satellite; and then adding the transmission source address information, the destination address information, the source port number information, the destination port number information and the transmission priority information into the operation of the head position of the transmission frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a telemetry data access transmission method of a satellite constellation.
Background
In a traditional satellite telemetry data transmission method, multiple satellites are telemetered simultaneously to realize simultaneous data transmission of a ground measurement and control station and the multiple satellites, and the ground measurement and control station, measurement and control equipment, measurement and control beams or relay satellites are required to be added. The ground measurement and control station, the measurement and control equipment, the measurement and control beam or the relay satellite and the measurement and control frequency point monopolized by the satellite are added, so that the management workload is increased by times, and the operation cost is correspondingly enlarged. This limits the ability of the ground based telemetry devices to simultaneously telemetry multiple satellites. In particular, spectrum resources are wasted significantly. In the more advanced spread spectrum telemetry data transmission method, due to the asynchronous characteristic of telemetry data transmission of different satellites and intersymbol interference of spread spectrum codes, the number of satellites capable of simultaneously transmitting telemetry data is also very limited, and usually does not exceed 10 satellites; and may significantly increase the implementation complexity of the receiving device. With the increasing development of distributed and decentralized satellite systems, satellite constellations are increasing, and the application scenarios of simultaneous telemetry of multiple satellites are increasing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enable a plurality of satellites to simultaneously share a measurement and control frequency point to send satellite data to a ground measurement and control station, the invention provides a telemetry data access transmission method of a satellite constellation, which comprises the step of distinguishing access transmission telemetry data satellite ports; framing the transmitted data and obtaining a transmission frame; a step of simultaneously accessing a plurality of satellites in the constellation to the same ground measurement and control equipment; coordinating a plurality of satellites to transmit transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control equipment according to a time sequence; the step of distinguishing the ports of the data transmission satellite comprises the operation of reading transmission source address information, destination address information, source port number information, destination port number information and transmission priority information through the satellite; and then adding the transmission source address information, the destination address information, the source port number information, the destination port number information and the transmission priority information into the operation of the head position of the transmission frame.
Preferably, the step of framing the transmitted data and obtaining the transmission frame includes an operation of dividing the satellite telemetry data into a plurality of data packets according to a fixed length; and adding the data packet group frame to the transmission frame.
Preferably, the step of coordinating multiple satellites to send transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control equipment in a time sequence is realized by that each satellite carries out carrier sensing on the ground measurement and control station according to the same waiting interval time.
Preferably, the step of coordinating multiple satellites to send transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control equipment according to a time sequence comprises the operation that the satellites wait for a ground measurement and control station, the operation that the satellites monitor carrier waves of the ground measurement and control station, and the operation that the satellites send the transmission frames to the ground measurement and control station if the frequency points of the ground measurement and control station are idle; otherwise, the satellite carries out the operation of waiting again on the ground measurement and control station;
if the operation that the satellite transmits the transmission frame to the ground measurement and control station is successful, whether the response of the ground measurement and control station is received or not is detected, and if the response is received, the subsequent transmission frame of the same service is transmitted in a downlink mode; otherwise, the satellite carries out the operation of waiting again on the ground measurement and control station.
Preferably, the operation of re-waiting for the ground measurement and control station by the satellite means that the satellite needs to wait for an additional random interval time.
Preferably, the random interval time of the re-waiting operation is completed by generating a random value on the satellite and sending a broadcast command to the satellite by cooperating with the ground measurement and control station.
The invention adopts the node address to distinguish different satellites from each other to realize that different communication links are arranged between a plurality of satellites and the same ground measurement and control station, and distinguishes different services of the same node for the same satellite through the service port number, so that the satellite data transmission channel with the same frequency can be repeatedly used. In this way, one ground station can simultaneously access 65536 satellites. When a satellite constellation containing a plurality of satellites enters the field at the same time, a satellite data transmission channel with the same frequency is subjected to carrier sensing, random access and time-sharing multiplexing to transmit data with a ground measurement and control station. And the low-cost remote measurement of multiple stars is realized by sharing the measurement and control frequency point. And coordinating each satellite and the ground measurement and control station to download telemetering data according to a time sequence by adjusting the carrier sensing waiting time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a transmission frame transmitting step at a transmitting end.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a step of receiving a transmission frame by a receiving end.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the satellite measurement and control task, downlink reception of satellite telemetry data is one of the main tasks of satellite measurement and control. The specific embodiment of the invention adopts the following steps to realize the downlink reception of satellite telemetry data. The downlink receiving of the satellite telemetry data is realized by the data sending of the satellite and the data receiving of the ground measurement and control station.
Because a plurality of satellites transmit data to the same ground measurement and control station in application scenes such as satellite constellation telemetry and the like, different node addresses are needed for downlink reception of satellite telemetry data. When satellite telemetry data is received in a downlink mode, the satellite serves as a sending end and the ground measurement and control station serves as a receiving end.
Satellite telemetry data is received downlink. Firstly, satellite telemetry data is packaged in a transmission frame; then, the transmission source address information, the destination address information, the source port number information, the destination port number information and the transmission priority information are added to the frame header position of the transmission frame; finally, a corresponding check code is added at the end position of the transmission frame. This process completes framing of the satellite telemetry data to generate transmission frames.
The satellite telemetry data is segmented into fixed-length data packets that are encapsulated within transmission frames. Each satellite telemetry data is divided into a plurality of fixed-length data packets according to a minimum data size of 200 bytes. The data format of the transmission frame consists of a source address field, a destination address field, a source port number field, a destination port number field, a priority field, a satellite telemetry packet field, and a check code field. The source address information occupies 2 bytes, the destination address information occupies 2 bytes, the source port number information occupies 1 byte, the destination port number information occupies 1 byte, the priority information occupies 1 byte, the satellite data packet information occupies minimum 200 bytes, and the check code information occupies 4 bytes. Each transmission frame is the sum of the above bytes.
The source address is the address of the satellite from which the transmission frame was sent. The destination address is the address of the ground measurement and control station receiving the transmission frame. The source port number is the service port number of the satellite sending the transmission frame, and is used for distinguishing different services on the same satellite. The destination port number is a service port number of the ground measurement and control station for receiving the transmission frame and is used for distinguishing different services of a receiving end. The priority is the sequence of the satellite distinguishing the transmission frames of different services triggered at the same time, and when a plurality of satellites transmit the transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control station, the priority is used for controlling the sequence of the transmission frames of different services accessing the same ground measurement and control station.
A segment of satellite telemetry data is truncated by a minimum of 200 bytes from its first bit of data to form a satellite telemetry packet, so that a segment of satellite telemetry data can be divided into a plurality of satellite telemetry packets. If one satellite telemetry datum is less than 200 bytes long, the insufficient portion is occupied by 0. After a segment of satellite telemetry data is segmented, if the last satellite telemetry data packet is less than 200 bytes long, the insufficient portion is occupied by 0. Thus, the longer satellite telemetry data is split into multiple 200 byte long satellite telemetry packets.
A CRC check code is added to the transmitted frame.
A plurality of satellites can simultaneously access the same ground measurement and control equipment. The establishment of inter-satellite links among satellites has various influencing factors, stable and reliable inter-satellite links are difficult to establish among low-cost satellites, and satellite telemetering data must be downloaded to the same ground measurement and control station by coordinating multiple satellites through the ground measurement and control station according to a time sequence.
And the carrier sense channel is adopted to reserve the multiple access transmission data, so that the burst data transmission and the continuous data stream transmission can be considered at the same time. And the multiple satellites download the telemetering data to the same ground measurement and control station according to a time sequence. At this time, the satellite is a transmitting end, and the ground measurement and control station is a receiving end.
The satellite transmits the transmission frame. After the satellite carries out carrier sense to the ground measurement and control station at regular intervals to determine whether the frequency point is available. When other satellites transmit telemetering data, the satellites can consider the frequency point to be busy, and the satellites cannot transmit data. When the satellite considers that the frequency point is idle, the satellite sends telemetering data and waits for a response signal of the ground measurement and control station. When the satellite receives the response signal of the ground measurement and control station, the satellite can determine that the transmission frame is successfully sent and continue to send the next transmission frame until all the telemetering data of the same service of the satellite is sent in a downlink mode, and then the satellite waits. If the satellite does not receive the response signal of the ground measurement and control station, the satellite determines that the transmission frame fails to be sent. And the satellite carries out carrier sensing on the ground measurement and control station again to determine whether the frequency point is available.
And the ground measurement and control station receives the transmission frame. The ground measurement and control station waits for the satellite to transmit data. And once the ground measurement and control station receives the data transmitted by the satellite, the ground measurement and control station returns a corresponding response.
After the satellite carries out carrier sense on the ground measurement and control station, when the result shows that the frequency point is busy, the satellite carries out carrier sense on the ground measurement and control station again by adjusting the sense waiting interval time T (n). Each satellite carries out carrier sense on the ground measurement and control station according to the same waiting interval time T (1) and accesses the ground measurement and control station. If the satellite cannot be accessed, the satellite needs to generate a random value on the satellite, and then the satellite additionally waits for a random interval delta t (n) and then carries out carrier sensing on the ground measurement and control station again.
The ground measurement and control station can also adjust the initial waiting phase delta t of each satellite, and when one satellite issues continuous data stream, the ground measurement and control station sends a broadcast instruction to each satellite to set the determined value delta t, so that other satellites are scheduled to avoid.
The listening waiting time is T (n) ═ T (1) + δ T (n) + Δ T, where n is the number of times carrier sensing is performed before successful access. If a certain satellite is successfully accessed, the value of n is restored to 1. T (1) is the latency of the first carrier sense before each transmission of telemetry data by the satellite, all satellites having the same T (1). δ T (n) is a random waiting time automatically increased after the satellite detects that the frequency point is busy or fails to access every time the satellite listens, and the time is less than T (1) and δ T (1) is 0. The default of delta t is 0, the ground measurement and control station can independently set a delta t value aiming at each satellite, and the delta t is automatically restored to 0 after the successful access. When the ground measurement and control station requests a certain satellite to download the continuous data stream, and the time length consumed by downloading the continuous data stream is D, the ground measurement and control station simultaneously sends a broadcast instruction to other satellites which do not transmit data, so that the delta t of the satellites which do not transmit data is D. Other satellites which do not transmit data attempt access after delaying for D time length under the condition that the original initial waiting phase is not changed. If the transmission is complete, Δ t automatically reverts to 0.
When a certain ground station requests to set delta t equal to 0, the adjusted satellite records the actual channel occupation time length L and compares the actual channel occupation time length L with D, and the system design margin is P, wherein P is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. If (1+ P). times.L < D is present, all satellites may be rejected the next time the Δ t set request is received.
The node addresses are adopted to distinguish different satellites and measurement and control stations from each other, and different services of the same node are distinguished through service port numbers, so that the same satellite data transmission channel can be repeatedly used. In this manner, one ground station can simultaneously telemeter 65536 satellites. When a plurality of satellites enter the field at the same time, the same satellite data transmission channel is multiplexed by carrier sense, random access and time division to transmit data with the ground measurement and control station. And the multi-satellite low-cost data transmission is realized by sharing the measurement and control frequency points. And coordinating the satellite and the ground measurement and control station to download telemetering data according to a time sequence by adjusting the carrier sensing waiting time.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A telemetry data access transmission method of a satellite constellation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
distinguishing ports for accessing to a telemetry data transmission satellite;
framing the transmitted data and obtaining a transmission frame;
a step of simultaneously accessing a plurality of satellites in the constellation to the same ground measurement and control equipment;
coordinating a plurality of satellites to transmit transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control equipment according to a time sequence;
the step of distinguishing the ports of the satellite accessing and transmitting the telemetered data comprises the operation of reading transmission source address information, destination address information, source port number information, destination port number information and transmission priority information through the satellite;
then adding the transmission source address information, the destination address information, the source port number information, the destination port number information and the transmission priority information into the operation of the head position of the transmission frame;
the step of coordinating a plurality of satellites to send transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control equipment according to a time sequence comprises the steps that the satellites wait for the ground measurement and control station, the satellites carry out carrier sense operation on the ground measurement and control station, and if the frequency points of the ground measurement and control station are idle, the satellites send the transmission frames to the ground measurement and control station; otherwise, the satellite carries out the operation of waiting again on the ground measurement and control station; if the operation that the satellite transmits the transmission frame to the ground measurement and control station is successful, whether the response of the ground measurement and control station is received or not is detected, and if the response is received, the subsequent transmission frame of the same service is transmitted in a downlink mode; otherwise, the satellite carries out the operation of waiting again on the ground measurement and control station;
the operation that the satellite waits for the ground measurement and control station again means that the satellite needs to wait for an additional random interval time.
2. The telemetry data access transmission method of a satellite constellation of claim 1, wherein the step of framing the transmitted data and obtaining the transmission frame includes dividing the satellite telemetry data into a plurality of data packets according to a fixed length; and adding the data packet group frame to the transmission frame.
3. The method for transmitting telemetry data access of a satellite constellation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of coordinating the plurality of satellites to transmit the transmission frames to the same ground measurement and control equipment in time sequence is implemented by each satellite performing carrier sensing on the ground measurement and control station at the same waiting interval.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the re-wait operation is performed by generating a random value at the satellite and sending a broadcast command to the satellite in cooperation with a ground station.
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| CN111930137B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2022-11-29 | 中国人民解放军63686部队 | Real-time optimization method for multi-source telemetering ballistic data frame |
| US20240088991A1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2024-03-14 | Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd. | Method for wireless communication and communication device |
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