CN106571476A - Coating material of metallic interconnector for high-temperature fuel cells and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coating material of metallic interconnector for high-temperature fuel cells and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0297—Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a coating material of a metallic interconnector for high-temperature fuel cells and a preparation method thereof. According to the technical scheme of the invention, MnxCoyO4-Ni powders are prepared through the sol-gel method, and ball-milled powders are small in particle size. Meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and the cost is low. A MnxCoyO4-Ni composite coating is matched with a metallic interconnector in thermal expansion coefficient and chemical compatibility. A high-temperature corrosion-resistant conductive ceramic coating is excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance, and the volatilization of chromium compounds at a high temperature can be effectively prevented. The doping of Ni enables the high-temperature conductive performance of the coating. By means of a plasma spraying system, the large-area operation of the coating is enabled to be efficient and uniform. In this way, the commercial operation of solid oxide fuel cells is powerfully promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid oxide fuel, and in particular to a kind of SOFC metal connects
Connect device high temperature corrosion-resistant conductive ceramic coating material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In the face of the environmental problem for reducing and its bringing of fossil energy, develop efficient, energy-conservation, safe and environment-friendly energy system
System is just increasingly subject to pay attention to.Fuel cell is a kind of device that chemical energy is directly converted into electric energy by electrochemical reaction, tool
There are high efficient energy conversion, cleaning, low noise advantages.In various fuel cells, SOFC (SOFC)
With structure of whole solid state, without using noble metal catalyst and the extensive adaptability to pluralities of fuel gas the features such as, be considered as
It is very competitive electricity generation system, is suitable as scattered power station, cogeneration, traffic, space aerospace and other many
Field.
Cost is to restrict the business-like key factor of SOFC at present with the life-span.As SOFC keys portion
The connector of one of part, in terms of whole battery weight and cost control very important effect is played.Conventional SOFC connections
Equipment material adopts the chromic lanthanum ceramics (LaCrO of perovskite structure3), but LaCrO3Ceramics exist cost intensive, fragility it is high,
The problems such as processing is difficult to, the commercial operation of SOFC is this seriously inhibits.With the reduction of SOFC operating temperatures, metal material is opened
Begin to substitute ceramics as connector material.Metal material has high mechanical strength, good conductive and heat conductivility (metal body),
It is easy to be processed to thin plate simultaneously, thus the specific power of battery pile can be significantly increased, and low cost is extremely competitive
Connector material.(40,000h are not less than within the setting life-span of SOFC battery piles), it is anti-oxidant that metal connector must keep
Property and electric conductivity, this requires generated oxide-film thin and adhesiveness is good, and electrical conductivity is sufficiently high, and area specific resistance (ASR) is low
In 0.1 Ω cm2, the volatilization of chromium in oxide-film should also be sufficiently low.To meet above-mentioned requirements, there is researcher to pass through to change alloying component
Mode, design dedicated for SOFC metal connectors ferritic stainless steel, these stainless steels are with previously used typical case not
Rust steel compares C, S, P and Si with lower loading and higher Cr contents.Certainly solve only by optimized alloy composition
Certainly the problem difficulty of oxidisability, electric conductivity and chromium volatilization is larger, there is no method to meet the requirement of economic, practicalization so far.
Based on improving metal connector antioxygenic property and preventing the dual purpose of Cr volatilizations, need in metal connector table
Face applies special high temperature corrosion-resistant conductive ceramic coating.Different from traditional high-temperature protection coating, high temperature corrosion-resistant conductive ceramics are applied
Layer must have high electron conductivity and low ionic conductance, with the thermal coefficient of expansion close with adjacent fuel cell component
And chemical compatibility.
The content of the invention
The technical problem of solution：In order to improve SOFC metal connector high-temperature oxidation resistance and
The dual purpose that prevents Cr compounds from volatilizing, the invention provides a kind of for high-temperature fuel cell metal connector
MnxCoyO4- Ni coating materials and preparation method thereof, effectively improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of metal connector.
Technical scheme：In the preparation method of the coating material of high-temperature fuel cell metal connector, including metallic matrix, system
Preparation Method includes following four step：Step one, the formation of rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s：Clean after metal base surface is polished dry
It is dry, then 10-100h is calcined in 750-900 DEG C of air, pre-oxidation generates fine and close smooth rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s, and sealing preserve is standby
With；Step 2, MnxCoyO4, x=1～1.5, y=1～2, and the synthesis of x≤y powder：Using sol-gal process, first by lemon
Acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in distilled water successively, then dissolve in cobalt nitrate, are eventually adding manganese nitrate solution；Wherein, Mn:Co
Mol ratio is (1～1.5):(1～2), and the amount of Mn is not higher than the amount of Co；The molar concentration of citric acid is that metal ion mole is dense
1～2 times of degree summation, polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 10%-20% of slaine and citric acid gross mass；Resulting solution room temperature bar
2～3h of magnetic agitation under part, is then incubated 4～6h at 40 DEG C, and at 80 DEG C 2～4h is incubated, and at 100 DEG C 2-4h is incubated, and forms glue
Body；220 DEG C of 8～15h of insulation are warmed up to, after organic matter volatilization, pressed powder is formed；Step 3, weighs and accounts for total powder quality 5%
～25% pure Ni powder and MnxCoyO4Powder mixes, mechanical ball mill 2h-10h, the Mn of ultra-fine 0.01-1 μm for obtainingxCoyO4-Ni
Composite oxide power；Step 4, using plasma spraying technology, prepares on the metallic matrix of rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s
MnxCoyO4- Ni composite oxide coatings：Selected parameter is：20～30KW of power, sprays away from 90～100mm, powder feeding rate 10g/
Min～15g/min, primary air amount：80L/min～90L/min, the coating layer thickness of preparation is 10～80 μm, finally 750 DEG C～
5h～24h is sintered under 900 DEG C of air atmospheres.
Preferably, the metallic matrix is ferritic stainless steel, and the ferritic stainless steel is 430ss, 443ss, 439ss
Or 436ss.
Preferably, the Pre oxidation of the metallic matrix is 800 DEG C -850 DEG C, and atmosphere is air.
Preferably, the Co and Mn mol ratios are 1.5:1.
Preferably, the concentration of the citric acid is 2 times of all metal ions, and polyvinylpyrrolidone account for slaine and
The 15% of citric acid gross mass.
Preferably, the pure Ni powder mass ratio accounts for total powder quality 10%.
Preferably, the coating layer thickness is 20-30 μm, and 10h～24h is sintered under 800 DEG C of -850 DEG C of air atmospheres.
The coating material of high-temperature fuel cell metal connector obtained in above-mentioned preparation method.
Beneficial effect：The present invention prepares Mn using sol-gal processxCoyO4- Ni powder, the granularity after ball milling is little, prepares
Process is simple, it is with low cost.MnxCoyO4- Ni composite coatings have the thermal coefficient of expansion and chemical phase for matching with metal connector
Capacitive.High temperature corrosion-resistant conductive ceramic coating has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, can effectively prevent waving for chromium compounds under high temperature
Send out, the doping of Ni makes coating have preferable high-temperature electric conduction performance.The big face of coating can be realized using plasma spray system
Product operation, efficient and coating uniform.These are by the commercial operation of strong promotion SOFC.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
430SS matrix surfaces are polished successively using the silicon carbide paper of 50 to No. 2000, then with distilled water, acetone
Clean, dry or dry up.Metallic matrix calcines 10h in 900 DEG C of air, and pre-oxidation generates fine and close richness Cr oxide skin(coating)s, sealing
Save backup.Using sol-gal process, first citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in distilled water successively, then dissolve in nitric acid
Cobalt, is eventually adding manganese nitrate solution.The solution concentration proportioning, Mn:Co mol ratios are 1:1.The molar concentration of citric acid is Co
With 2 times of Mn ion molar concentration summations, polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 10% of slaine and citric acid gross mass.The solution
Magnetic agitation 3h under room temperature condition, is then incubated 4h at 40 DEG C, and at 80 DEG C 2h is incubated, and at 100 DEG C 4h is incubated, and forms colloid.Rise
Temperature forms pressed powder to 220 DEG C of insulation 15h, organic matter volatilization.Title accounts for the pure Ni powder and MnCoO of total powder quality 5%4Powder
End mixing, mechanical ball mill 5h, the MnCoO of ultra-fine 0.5-0.8 μm for obtaining4- Ni composite oxide powers.Using plasma spraying
Technology, on the 430SS containing richness Cr oxide coatings MnCoO is prepared4- Ni composite coatings.Selected parameter is：Power
20KW, sprays away from 90mm, powder feeding rate 10g/min, primary air amount：80L/min.The coating layer thickness of preparation is 50-60 μm, is finally existed
24h is sintered under 750 DEG C of air atmospheres, the MnCoO of densification is obtained4- Ni composite coatings, the coating uniform is fine and close, and granularity is tiny,
With excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, can effectively prevent the doping of the volatilization of chromium compounds under high temperature, Ni makes coating have preferably
High-temperature electric conduction performance.It has at high temperature relatively low area specific resistance, is worth for 30m Ω cm2.Obtained composite coating is 25
Thermal coefficient of expansion at～1000 DEG C is about 11.6 × 10-6K-1, with other component matched coefficients of thermal expansion of fuel cell.Use
Plasma spray system can realize the large area operation of coating, and efficient and coating uniform can be used for solid oxide fuel electricity
Pond metal connector surface treatment.
Embodiment 2
443SS surfaces are polished successively using the silicon carbide paper of 50 to No. 2000, it is then clear with distilled water, acetone
Wash, dry or dry up.Metallic matrix calcines 100h in 750 DEG C of air, and pre-oxidation generates fine and close smooth rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s,
Sealing preserve is standby.Using sol-gal process, first citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in distilled water successively, then are dissolved in
Cobalt nitrate, is eventually adding manganese nitrate solution.The solution concentration proportioning, Mn:Co mol ratios are 1:2.The concentration of citric acid is gold
1 times of category ion concentration summation, polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 20% of slaine and citric acid gross mass.The solution room temperature bar
Magnetic agitation 2h under part, is then incubated 6h at 40 DEG C, and at 80 DEG C 4h is incubated, and at 100 DEG C 2h is incubated, and forms colloid.It is warmed up to 220
DEG C insulation 8h, organic matter volatilization, formed pressed powder.Title accounts for the pure Ni powder and MnCo of total powder quality 25%2O4Powder mixes,
Mechanical ball mill 10h, the MnCo of ultra-fine 0.01-0.5 μm for obtaining2O4- Ni composite oxide powers.Using plasma spraying technology,
MnCo is prepared on the metallic matrix containing richness Cr oxide coatings2O4- Ni composite oxide coatings.Selected parameter is：Power
20KW, sprays away from 100mm, powder feeding rate 15g/min, primary air amount：90L/min.The coating layer thickness of preparation is 10～20 μm, is finally existed
5h is sintered under 900 DEG C of air atmospheres.Obtain the MnCo of densification2O4- Ni composite coatings, the coating uniform is fine and close, and granularity is tiny,
With excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, can effectively prevent the doping of the volatilization of chromium compounds under high temperature, Ni makes coating have preferably
High-temperature electric conduction performance.Its at high temperature area specific resistance value be 15-20m Ω cm2Left and right, the thermal expansion at 25～1000 DEG C
Coefficient is about 11.6 × 10-6K-1, with other component matched coefficients of thermal expansion of fuel cell.Can be with using plasma spray system
The large area operation of coating is realized, efficient and coating uniform can be used at SOFC metal connector surface
Reason.
Embodiment 3
439SS surfaces are polished successively using the silicon carbide paper of 50 to No. 2000, it is then clear with distilled water, acetone
Wash, dry or dry up.Metallic matrix calcines 50h in 800 DEG C of air, and pre-oxidation generates fine and close smooth rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s,
Sealing preserve is standby.Using sol-gal process, first citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in distilled water successively, then are dissolved in
Cobalt nitrate, is eventually adding manganese nitrate solution.The solution concentration proportioning, Mn:Co mol ratios are 1:1.5.The concentration of citric acid is
1.5 times of concentration of metal ions summation, polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 15% of slaine and citric acid gross mass.The solution room
Magnetic agitation 2h under the conditions of temperature, is then incubated 6h at 40 DEG C, and at 80 DEG C 3h is incubated, and at 100 DEG C 3h is incubated, and forms colloid.Heat up
To 220 DEG C of insulation 12h, organic matter volatilization, pressed powder is formed.Title accounts for the pure Ni powder and MnCo of total powder quality 10%1.5O4Powder
End mixing, mechanical ball mill 4h, the MnCo of ultra-fine 0.5-1 μm for obtaining1.5O4- Ni composite oxide powers.Using plasma spraying
Technology, on the metallic matrix containing richness Cr oxide coatings MnCo is prepared1.5O4- Ni composite oxide coatings.Selected parameter
For：Power 25KW, sprays away from 90mm, powder feeding rate 12g/min, primary air amount：85L/min.The coating layer thickness of preparation is 60～80 μm,
Finally sinter 10h under 800 DEG C of air atmospheres.Obtain the MnCo of densification1.5O4- Ni composite coatings, the coating uniform is fine and close,
Granularity is tiny, with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, can effectively prevent the volatilization of chromium compounds under high temperature, the doping of Ni from making coating
With preferable high-temperature electric conduction performance.It is 25-30m Ω cm in 800 DEG C of area specific resistances2Left and right, thermal coefficient of expansion is about
11.6×10-6K-1, with other component matched coefficients of thermal expansion of fuel cell.Coating can be realized using plasma spray system
Large area operation, efficiently and coating uniform, can be used for the surface treatment of SOFC metal connector.
Embodiment 4
436SS matrix surfaces are polished successively using the silicon carbide paper of 50 to No. 2000, then with distilled water, acetone
Clean, dry or dry up.Metallic matrix calcines 80h in 850 DEG C of air, and pre-oxidation generates fine and close smooth rich Cr oxides
Layer, sealing preserve is standby.Using sol-gal process, first citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in distilled water successively, then
Cobalt nitrate is dissolved in, manganese nitrate solution is eventually adding.The solution concentration proportioning, Mn:Co mol ratios are 1.2:2.Citric acid it is dense
Spend for 1 times of concentration of metal ions summation, polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 16% of slaine and citric acid gross mass.The solution
Magnetic agitation 2.5h under room temperature condition, is then incubated 5h at 40 DEG C, and at 80 DEG C 4h is incubated, and at 100 DEG C 2.5h is incubated, and forms glue
Body.220 DEG C of insulation 10h are warmed up to, organic matter volatilization forms pressed powder.Title account for the pure Ni powder of total powder quality 15% with
Mn1.2Co2O4Powder mixes, mechanical ball mill 9h, the Mn of ultra-fine 0.01-0.5 μm for obtaining1.2Co2O4- Ni composite oxide powers.
Using plasma spraying technology, on the metallic matrix containing richness Cr oxide coatings Mn is prepared1.2Co2O4- Ni composite oxides are applied
Layer.Selected parameter is：Power 25KW, sprays away from 100mm, powder feeding rate 14g/min, primary air amount：90L/min.The painting of preparation
Thickness degree is 20～30 μm, finally sinters 20h under 700 DEG C of air atmospheres.Obtain the Mn of densification1.2Co2O4- Ni composite coatings,
The coating uniform is fine and close, and granularity is tiny, with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, can effectively prevent waving for chromium compounds under high temperature
Send out, the doping of Ni makes coating have preferable high-temperature electric conduction performance.Its at high temperature area specific resistance value be 20-30m Ω cm2It is left
The right side, thermal coefficient of expansion is about 11.6 × 10-6K-1, with other component matched coefficients of thermal expansion of fuel cell.Using plasma spraying
System can realize the large area operation of coating, and efficient and coating uniform can be used for the connection of SOFC metal
Body is surface-treated.
Embodiment 5
430SS matrix surfaces are polished successively using the silicon carbide paper of 50 to No. 2000, then with distilled water, acetone
Clean, dry or dry up.Metallic matrix calcines 50h in 800 DEG C of air, and pre-oxidation generates fine and close smooth rich Cr oxides
Layer, sealing preserve is standby.Using sol-gal process, first citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in distilled water successively, then
Cobalt nitrate is dissolved in, manganese nitrate solution is eventually adding.The solution concentration proportioning, Mn:Co mol ratios are 1:1.5.Citric acid it is dense
Spend for 1.2 times of concentration of metal ions summation, polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 12% of slaine and citric acid gross mass.It is described molten
Magnetic agitation 3h under liquid room temperature condition, is then incubated 4h at 40 DEG C, and at 80 DEG C 4h is incubated, and at 100 DEG C 4h is incubated, and forms colloid.
220 DEG C of insulation 10h are warmed up to, organic matter volatilization forms pressed powder.Title account for the pure Ni powder of total powder quality 20% with
MnCo1.5O4Powder mixes, mechanical ball mill 4h, the MnCo of ultra-fine 0.5-1 μm for obtaining1.5O4- Ni composite oxide powers.Use
Plasma spraying technology, on the metallic matrix containing richness Cr oxide coatings MnCo is prepared1.5O4- Ni composite oxide coatings.Institute
The parameter of selection is：Power 30KW, sprays away from 90～100mm, powder feeding rate 15g/min, primary air amount：90L/min.The coating of preparation
Thickness is 20-30 μm, finally sinters 12h under 780 DEG C of air atmospheres.Obtain the MnCo of densification1.5O4- Ni composite coatings, the painting
Layer even compact, granularity is tiny, with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, can effectively prevent the volatilization of chromium compounds under high temperature,
The doping of Ni makes coating have preferable high-temperature electric conduction performance.Its at high temperature area specific resistance value be 20-30m Ω cm2Left and right,
Thermal coefficient of expansion is about 11.6 × 10-6K-1, with other component matched coefficients of thermal expansion of fuel cell.Using plasma spraying system
System can realize the large area operation of coating, and efficient and coating uniform can be used for SOFC metal connector
Surface treatment.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of the coating material of high-temperature fuel cell metal connector, including metallic matrix are used for, it is characterised in that
Preparation method includes following four step：
Step one, the formation of rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s：Cleaning-drying after metal base surface is polished, then in 750-900 DEG C of air
Middle calcining 10-100h, pre-oxidation generates fine and close smooth rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s, and sealing preserve is standby；
Step 2, MnxCoyO4, x=1～1.5, y=1～2, and the synthesis of x≤y powder：Using sol-gal process, first by lemon
Acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in distilled water successively, then dissolve in cobalt nitrate, are eventually adding manganese nitrate solution；Wherein, Mn:Co
Mol ratio is (1～1.5):(1～2), and the amount of Mn is not higher than the amount of Co；The molar concentration of citric acid is that metal ion mole is dense
1～2 times of degree summation, polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 10%-20% of slaine and citric acid gross mass；Resulting solution room temperature bar
2～3h of magnetic agitation under part, is then incubated 4～6h at 40 DEG C, and at 80 DEG C 2～4h is incubated, and at 100 DEG C 2-4h is incubated, and forms glue
Body；220 DEG C of 8～15h of insulation are warmed up to, after organic matter volatilization, pressed powder is formed；
Step 3, weighs the pure Ni powder and Mn for accounting for total powder quality 5%～25%xCoyO4Powder mixes, mechanical ball mill 2h-10h,
The Mn of ultra-fine 0.01-1 μm for obtainingxCoyO4- Ni composite oxide powers；
Step 4, using plasma spraying technology, on the metallic matrix of rich Cr oxide skin(coating)s Mn is preparedxCoyO4- Ni composite oxygens
Compound coating：Selected parameter is：20～30KW of power, sprays away from 90～100mm, and powder feeding rate 10g/min～15g/min is main
Throughput：80L/min～90L/min, the coating layer thickness of preparation is 10～80 μm, finally under 750 DEG C～900 DEG C air atmospheres
Sintering 5h～24h.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the metallic matrix is ferritic stainless steel, the iron
Ferritic stainless steel is 430ss, 443ss, 439ss or 436ss.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Pre oxidation of the metallic matrix is 800 DEG C-
850 DEG C, atmosphere is air.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Co is 1.5 with Mn mol ratios:1.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of the citric acid is the 2 of all metal ions
Times, and polyvinylpyrrolidone accounts for the 15% of slaine and citric acid gross mass.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pure Ni powder mass ratio accounts for total powder quality 10%.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the coating layer thickness is 20-30 μm, and 800
10h～24h is sintered under DEG C -850 DEG C of air atmospheres.
8. the coating material of high-temperature fuel cell metal connector obtained in the arbitrary preparation method of claim 1～7.
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