CN106571206A - Micro-nano magnetorheological fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Micro-nano magnetorheological fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
- H01F1/447—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids characterised by magnetoviscosity, e.g. magnetorheological, magnetothixotropic, magnetodilatant liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses micro-nano magnetorheological fluid. The micro-nano magnetorheological fluid is prepared from, by mass, 48-80 parts of carbonyl iron powder, 2.4-18 parts of magnetic Fe3O4, 10-40 parts of carrier liquid, 1-4 parts of surface active agent, 0.5-1 part of inorganic thixotropic agent, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-1 part of antiwear agent and absolute ethyl alcohol of 15% vol. The grain size of the carbonyl iron powder ranges from 0.5 micrometer to 10 micrometers; the grain size of magnetic Fe3O4 ranges from 50 nanometers to 300 micrometers, and the average grain size is 60 nanometers. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the micro-nano magnetorheological fluid. According to the micro-nano magnetorheological fluid, a proper amount of nano-scale magnetic Fe3O4 is added into the carrier liquid, the stability of the magnetorheological fluid is improved, better mechanical performance is shown outwards under the applied magnetic field condition, and higher normal stress is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intellectual material technical field, more particularly to a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnetic flow liquid be it is a kind of be mainly made up of carrier fluid, the magnetic-particle of the low magnetic hysteresis of high magnetic conduction and additive etc. it is new can
Flow control body, is an important branch of current intellectual material research.Under the action of a magnetic field, magnetic flow liquid is within the time of Millisecond
Can continuously, reversibly be changed into the Bingham fluids with high viscosity, lazy flow, the mechanical property with similar solid, and
When externally-applied magnetic field is removed, magnetic flow liquid recovers good mobility again, therefore, magnetic flow liquid is because of continuous, reversible, easily-controllable and sound
The characteristics of answering rapid, for many important engineerings and sophisticated technology field.Density of magnetic particles generally 7 in magnetic flow liquid～
8g/cm3, it is 7～8 times of density of carrier fluid, the magnetic-particle sedimentation for thus causing always development high-performance magnetorheological fluid
Bottleneck.At present, the method for being usually used in improving magnetic flow liquid stability has following two：1) magnetic-particle surface is modified, so as to carry
The compatibility of highly polar magnetic metal and nonpolar carrier fluid and dispersibility.2) nano-particle or nano wire, the method are added
By the composition and the collocation that adjust dispersion phase, improve the micro structure configuration of magnetic linkage under the action of a magnetic field, to reach raising magnetic current
The purpose of change effect.
Experts and scholars have been substantial amounts of research, wherein Ngatu etc. to obtain high performance magnetic flow liquid to this both at home and abroad
The shaft-like nanofibers of different proportion are added in conventional magnetic flow liquid, one kind have been obtained and has been kept preferably dispersion for a long time
Magnetic flow liquid [the ginseng of state：G.T.Ngatu,N.M.Wereley,J.O.Karli,et al.Dimorphic
magnetorheological fluids Exploiting partial substitution of microspheres by
nanowires[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2008,17(4):045022]；Lopez etc. by
Magnetic flow liquid adds cobalt nano wire and steel nano wire, has been significantly increased the mechanical property [ginseng of magnetic flow liquid：
M.T.Lopez,G.Vertelov,G.Bossis,et al.New magnetorheological fluids based on
magnetic fibers[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2007,17(36):3839-3844]；
Dodbiba etc. adds the carbonyl iron dust mixing of two kinds of different-grain diameters (7 μm and 1.1 μm) in a kind of ionic carrier fluid, experiment knot
Fruit shows, when oarse-grained mass fraction is 60%, the optimal [ginseng of performance of magnetic flow liquid：G.Dodbiba,H.S.Park,
K.Okaya,et al.Investigating magnetorheological properties of a mixture of two
types of carbonyl iron powders suspended in an ionic liquid[J].Journal of
Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,2008,320(7):1322-1327.]；Osama Ashour etc. are using high
Temperature is decomposed the method for carbonyl iron and obtains pure iron particles of the mean diameter for 28nm, and which is mixed with micron-sized carbonyl iron
Close, good stability and the strong magnetic flow liquid of theomorphism [ginseng is obtained：Ashour O,et al.Manufacturing and
characterization of MR fiuids.SPIE,1997,3040:174-175.]；Wereley etc. is in magnetic flow liquid
Nano level silica gel particle is added, the sedimentation stability [ginseng of magnetic flow liquid is improve：Wereley N M,Chaudhur A,et
al.Bidisperse magneto-rheological fluids using Fe particles at nanometer and
micron scale[J].Intelligent Material Systems and Structures,2006,17(5):393-
401.]。
Additionally, there is scholar to use organic polymer Coated magnetic particles, the combination of dispersion phase and continuous phase, Ke Yiti are strengthened
The stability of high magnetic flow liquid, but, as magnetic particle surface covers upper nonmagnetic organic polymer, not only result in magnetic
The intensity of magnetization of rheology liquid declines, and is obviously reduced can the magnetic saturation intensity of magnetic particle, and coercivity increases [ginseng on the contrary：
Y.D.Liu,J.Lee,S.B.Choi,H.J.Choi,Silica-coated carbonyl iron microsphere based
magnetorheologicalfluid and its damping force characteristics,Smart Materials
and Structures,22,(2013)；H.H.Sim,S.H.Kwon,H.J.Choi,Xanthan gum-coated soft
magnetic carbonyl iron composite particles and their magnetorheology,Colloid
Polym Sci,963(2013).]；Also there is scholar with composite magnetic particle to reduce the density contrast of magnetic particle and base fluid, so as to
To improve the stability of magnetic flow liquid, will magnetic particle combined with poromerics, by polyreaction so that each magnetic grain
The surface of son covers certain thickness binding agent, and solidification obtains composite magnetic particle, but, due to non magnetic poromerics
Intervention, can cause the intensity of magnetization of magnetic flow liquid to decline [ginseng：Feng Jun, official found the state, Cheng Haibin, Zhang Qingjie. use coFeZo4Nanometer
Particle modified carbon-based iron magnetic flow liquid. [J]. functional material, 2006,37 (5):713-715.].However, proper amount of nano level material
Addition [ginseng：Cuan glows, Zhang Jinqiu, Kong Yanan, Zhang Jian, nanometer Fe3O4Impact to armored vehicle magnetorheological fluid performance, magnetic
Property material and device, 42 (3), 34 (2011)；Bong Jun Park,Kang Hyun Song,Hyoung Jin
Choi.Magnetic carbonyl iron nanoparticle based magnetotheological suspension
and its characteristics[J].Materials Letters,2009,63(15):1350-1352.] so that it with
The density increase of the disperse medium that base fluid is collectively formed, reduces the density contrast between base fluid and magnetic particle, improves magnetic current
Become the stability of liquid, simultaneously as nanoparticle can be filled into the carbon-based iron particle of micron order being dispersed in formed in carrier fluid
In fault of construction so that magnetic flow liquid forms a kind of more fine and close chain structure under conditions of magnetic field is applied, such that it is able to
Make magnetic flow liquid that more preferable mechanical property is externally shown under conditions of externally-applied magnetic field.Therefore, add in magnetic flow liquid appropriate
Nano-scale magnetic material can effectively improve the stability of magnetic flow liquid, while making magnetic flow liquid mechanical property more excellent
More, it is also more uniform.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid, it is intended to obtain a kind of with good anti-settling agglomeration and with height
Normal stress magnetic flow liquid, by from micron order carbonyl iron dust and nano-scale magnetic Fe3O4Hybrid particles are used as dispersion
Phase, is obtained high performance micro-nano magnetic flow liquid.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid, including the raw material of following mass fraction：
The size of described carbonyl iron dust is 0.5um～10um；Described magnetic Fe3O4Size be 50nm
～300um, Average Particle Diameters are 60nm.
Preferably, described carrier fluid is dimethicone or silicone oil.
Preferably, described surfactant is dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate or Polyethylene Glycol.
Preferably, described inorganic thixotropic agent is kieselguhr.
Preferably, described antioxidant is benzoic acid.
Preferably, described antiwear additive is graphite or silicon dioxide.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of above-mentioned micro-nano magnetic flow liquid, comprises the following steps：
(1) in reaction unit, described carbonyl iron dust and described magnetic Fe that addition surface treated is crossed3O4, mixing
Described surfactant, described inorganic thixotropic agent and described dehydrated alcohol, and Jing high speed decentralized processings are added afterwards；
(2) be placed in after taking out in vacuum drying oven and be dried, and with described carrier fluid, described antioxidant and described anti-
Grinding agent mixes, then Jing speed lapping decentralized processings, obtains described micro/nano level magnetic flow liquid
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
First, a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the invention, by adding appropriate nano-scale magnetic Fe to carrier fluid3O4So that
The density increase of its disperse medium collectively constituted with carrier fluid, so as to reduce the density contrast between carrier fluid and magnetic particle, is carried
The high stability of magnetic flow liquid；
2nd, the nano-scale magnetic Fe of a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the invention3O4, can be filled into by micron order carbon-based iron
Powder is dispersed in the fault of construction formed in carrier fluid so that magnetic flow liquid forms one under conditions of externally-applied magnetic field is applied
More fine and close chain structure is planted, such that it is able to make magnetic flow liquid that more preferable mechanics is externally shown under conditions of externally-applied magnetic field
Performance；
3rd, a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the invention, due to nano-scale magnetic Fe3O4With superparamagnetism, applying outer
Plus can be magnetized under magnetic field, therefore magnetic rheology effect can be strengthened with the mutual magnetic action of micron order Fe powder particles, have
Higher normal stress.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the normal stress of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid obtained in the embodiment of the present invention 1-in a static mode and magnetic induction
The relation schematic diagram of intensity；
Fig. 2 is the normal stress and magnetic of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid obtained in the embodiment of the present invention 1-under steady shear pattern
The relation schematic diagram of induction；
Fig. 3 is by different quality containing magnetic Fe3O4The direct stress of obtained micro-nano magnetic flow liquid and magnetic induction
Relation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this
It is bright, rather than limit protection scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art are according to changing that the present invention makes in actual applications
Enter and adjust, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid, including the raw material of following mass fraction：
The size of described carbonyl iron dust is 0.5um～10um；Described magnetic Fe3O4Size be 50nm
～300um, Average Particle Diameters are 60nm.
In order that magnetic flow liquid remains preferable stability, generally require and a certain amount of addition is added in magnetic flow liquid
Agent, to prevent reunion and precipitation of the magnetic-particle in base fluid；Such as：Magnetic current surfactant, is typically parents' group
Oligomer or the high polymer with Strong dispersion effect, are conducive to the dispersion of magnetic-particle；Thixotropic agent is mainly used in solving magnetic
Property granule causes the problem of too fast sedimentation in carrier fluid because of the effect of gravity；Further, since magnetic flow liquid is in actual work
In due to the friction of various degrees between magnetic particle, add a certain amount of antiwear additive be in order to improve magnetic-particle it
Between lubricant effect, improve magnetic particle abrasion resistance；There is the additive of other stabilizer types can be on magnetic-particle surface
Thixotroping structure is formed, the null field viscosity-modifying of magnetic flow liquid is made while the sedimentation stability of granule is improved so as to affect magnetic current
Become the mechanical property of liquid.
The micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the present invention, the nanoscale Coated magnetic particles and nanoscale composite magnetic with prior art
The magnetic flow liquid that particle is prepared compares, and adds appropriate nano-scale magnetic Fe3O4, which is collectively constituted with carrier fluid
Disperse medium density increase, reduce the density contrast between carrier fluid and magnetic particle, so as to improve the steady of magnetic flow liquid
It is qualitative, on the other hand, in the case where externally-applied magnetic field is applied, due to nanometer Fe3O4Magnetic particle can be magnetized, so as to micron order carbonyl
The mutual magnetic action of base iron powder can strengthen magnetic rheology effect.Inside conventional micron level magnetic flow liquid, acting on without externally-applied magnetic field
When, two particle is in free dispersity；After magnetic field is applied, two magnetic particles will be magnetized, and carry out along magnetic line of force direction
Arrangement, becomes chain；The mode of operation of Micro-MR fluid is mainly shown as the pure shear pattern between two magnetic-particles.And
After nano magnetic particle be with the addition of in Micro-MR fluid, above-mentioned mode of operation has large change, will be thus front pure
Shear mode becomes the Combined-operating mode of complex rotation and shearing, improves magnetic flow liquid in the case where there is the action of a magnetic field
Normal stress.Therefore, the present invention adopts micron order carbonyl iron dust and nanoscale Fe3O4Magnetic-particle is developed as dispersion phase
Magnetic flow liquid, not only with good stability, but also with higher normal stress.
The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid, replaces legal system using carrier fluid
Micro-nano magnetic flow liquid is obtained, following steps are specifically included：
(1) in reaction unit, described carbonyl iron dust and described magnetic Fe that addition surface treated is crossed3O4, mixing
Described surfactant, described inorganic thixotropic agent and described dehydrated alcohol, and Jing high speed decentralized processings are added afterwards；
(2) 60～80 DEG C of dryings in vacuum drying oven are placed in after taking out, and with described carrier fluid, described antioxidant and
Described antiwear additive mixing, then Jing speed lapping decentralized processings, obtain described micro/nano level magnetic flow liquid.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the present invention, specifically includes following steps：
(1) in 500mL rustless steel containers, described carbonyl iron dust 220g and described magnetic that addition surface treated is crossed
Property Fe3O444g, adds dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate 12.8g (surfactant), kieselguhr 3.1g (inorganic thixotropings after mixing
Agent) and 75mL dehydrated alcohol, and Jing high speeds decentralized processing 8 hours；
(2) 60～80 DEG C of dryings in vacuum drying oven are placed in after taking out, magnetic-particle surface cleaning or activation is made, and at which
Surface introduces reactive polar group, reaches amphipathic process and improves the purpose of rheomagnetic energy, then by above-mentioned vacuum drying
Suspension phase mixture afterwards and load weighted dimethicone 33.75g (carrier fluid), benzoic acid 3.1g (antioxidant) and graphite
3.1g (antiwear additive) mixes in adding rustless steel grinding jar, Jing speed lappings dispersion 12h, obtains described micro/nano level magnetorheological
Liquid.
In order to study under static schema and steady shear pattern, the mechanical property of 1 micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the present embodiment, this
Invention has carried out experimentation to which using magnetic flow liquid normal direction force test device.As a result show, it is in a static mode, magnetorheological
The normal force of liquid can increase with the increase of magnetic induction, and reach maximum, then have individual downward trend simultaneously final
Tend towards stability, as shown in Figure 1；Under steady shear pattern, the normal force of magnetic flow liquid can be with the increase of magnetic induction
Increase, and reach maximum, then have individual downward trend and finally tend towards stability, as shown in Figure 2.In the rank that direct stress increases
Section, for the magnetic flow liquid used in experiment, the relation between normal force and magnetic induction can use formula FN=4667*
B2.48It is described.The result of research for corresponding magnetic flow liquid device is further developed, such as magnetic rheological liquid damper, drive
The aspect such as device and expansion application of the magnetic flow liquid in mechanical vibration control, with extremely important theory significance.
Embodiment 2
With above-described embodiment 1, difference exists the preparation process and step of a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the present embodiment 2
In the difference of each component raw material sampling amount, the amount of concrete each component raw material is as shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
With above-described embodiment 1, difference exists the preparation process and step of a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the present embodiment 3
In the difference of each component raw material sampling amount, the amount of concrete each component raw material is as shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
With above-described embodiment 1, difference exists the preparation process and step of a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the present embodiment 4
In the difference of each component raw material sampling amount, the amount of concrete each component raw material is as shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
With above-described embodiment 1, difference exists the preparation process and step of a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid of the present embodiment 5
In the difference of each component raw material sampling amount, the amount of concrete each component raw material is as shown in Table 1.
Additionally, the present invention is also tested for embodiment 1～5, and under additional magnetic induction, different quality containing magnetic Fe3O4
Impact to the direct stress of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid, is shown in Table one and Fig. 3.
One different quality containing magnetic Fe of table3O4Impact to micro-nano magnetic flow liquid direct stress
Fig. 3 is by different quality containing (0%, 4%, 7%, 12%, 16%) nano-magnetic Fe3O4Obtained micro-nano magnetic
Rheology liquid, variation relation figure of its direct stress with additional magnetic induction density B, as shown in Figure 3：The direct stress and magnetic of each magnetic flow liquid
Induction is substantially linear variation relation.As the less (B of additional magnetic induction<It is when 1.5T), each micro-nano magnetorheological
The direct stress of liquid is more or less the same；But with the increase of additional magnetic induction, the normal stress difference of each micro-nano magnetic flow liquid sample
Just do not seem increasing.From fig. 3 it can also be seen that the direct stress of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid is with nano-magnetic Fe3O4Dispersion phase
The increase of mass fraction and increase, and both greater than do not add the magnetic flow liquid of nano-particle；But work as magnetic Fe3O4Content is 7%
When, direct stress reaches maximum with the rate of increase that magnetic induction changes, it is seen that nanometer Fe3O4Granule content is not The more the better.
Present invention disclosed above preferred embodiment is only intended to help and illustrates the present invention.Preferred embodiment is not detailed
All of details is described, it is only described specific embodiment also not limit the invention.Obviously, the content according to this specification,
Can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is to preferably explain the present invention
Principle and practical application so that skilled artisan can be best understood by and utilize the present invention.The present invention is only
Limited by claims and its four corner and equivalent.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid, it is characterised in that including the raw material of following mass fraction：
The size of described carbonyl iron dust is 0.5um～10um；Described magnetic Fe3O4Size be 50nm～
300um, Average Particle Diameters are 60nm.
2. a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid according to claim 1, described carrier fluid are dimethicone or silicone oil.
3. a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid according to claim 1, described surfactant are DBSA
Sodium or Polyethylene Glycol.
4. a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid according to claim 1, described inorganic thixotropic agent are kieselguhr.
5. a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid according to claim 1, described antioxidant are benzoic acid.
6. a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid according to claim 1, described antiwear additive are graphite or silicon dioxide.
7. the preparation method of a kind of micro-nano magnetic flow liquid described in any one of claim 1～6, it is characterised in that include with
Lower step：
(1) in reaction unit, described carbonyl iron dust and described magnetic Fe that addition surface treated is crossed3O4, after mixing again
Add described surfactant, described inorganic thixotropic agent and described dehydrated alcohol, and Jing high speed decentralized processings；
(2) take out after be placed in vacuum drying oven be dried, and with described carrier fluid, described antioxidant and described antiwear additive
Mixing, then Jing speed lapping decentralized processings, obtain described micro/nano level magnetic flow liquid.
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| CN107059154A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-08-18 | 福州大学 | A kind of preparation method of magnetic epoxy composite fibre |
| CN108364743A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-03 | 中国人民解放军陆军勤务学院 | A kind of three-phase magnetorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN108587743A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-28 | 中国人民解放军陆军勤务学院 | A kind of magnetorheological glue and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111269740A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-12 | 清华大学 | Magnetorheological fluid composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN111623072A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-04 | 湖南大学 | Fluid damper |
| CN112355316A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-12 | 江苏智仁景行新材料研究院有限公司 | Nano-micron multi-level-size Fe-Si-Al soft magnetic alloy powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN112552987A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-03-26 | 江西赛诺得新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of ultra-stable silicone oil-based magnetorheological fluid |
| CN113990644A (en) * | 2021-08-01 | 2022-01-28 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of micro-nano composite magnetic liquid for electromagnetic damping vibration attenuation |
| CN114203384A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-18 | 盱眙县凹土应用技术研发与成果转化中心 | Double-dispersion magnetorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN114496545A (en) * | 2022-02-26 | 2022-05-13 | 兰州理工大学 | Novel magnetorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
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