Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of calculating structural strength of a bearing seat or journal for a sliding bearing provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps.
In step S11, the concentrated force of the interaction between the bearing carrier and the journal is calculated.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing housing and journal provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment taken along a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. As shown in fig. 2, in the sliding bearing, a layer of lubricating oil film is filled between the bearing seat 101 and the journal 102, and when the journal 102 rotates in the bearing seat 101, the bearing force between the two is transmitted through the layer of oil film. The actual bearing force is a complex spatially distributed force due to the presence of the oil film.
In the related art, a single concentrated force (force acting at one point) of the interaction between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102 is generally calculated by a shafting dynamics theory. This concentrated force is an approximation of the actual bearing force (spatially distributed force). Fig. 3a and 3b are schematic views of the concentrated forces of interaction between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102 provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, the concentrated force is a force in the radial direction of the bearing housing 101 or journal 102. The direction of the concentrated force F received by the bearing housing 101 is directed from the axis to a point on the bearing housing 101, and the direction of the concentrated force F' received by the journal 102 is directed from a point on the journal 102 to the axis. The concentration force F and the concentration force F' are acting force and reaction force which are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. The calculation of the concentration forces F and F' from the theory of shafting dynamics is well known to the person skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.
In step S12, a distribution function of the bearing forces interacting between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102 is determined.
The bearing force referred to in the present invention is a spatially distributed force, i.e. the bearing force is a collective term for a plurality of forces, and the direction of the bearing force is along the radial direction of the bearing housing 101 or the journal 102. As described above, since a layer of lubricating oil film is filled between the bearing seat 101 and the journal 102, the actual acting force therebetween is a spatially distributed force, i.e., a surface force acting on the bearing seat 101 or the journal 102. In this step S12, the distribution function of the bearing force may be, for example, a function in which the magnitude of the bearing force changes with a change in an angle (the angle is used to indicate the direction or point of action of the bearing force).
Specifically, determining the distribution function of the bearing forces interacting between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102 (step S12) may include: the distribution function of the bearing forces interacting between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102 is determined from the reynolds equation. The reynolds equation can be solved numerically by a difference method. The solution forms a grid by regionalizing the bearing housing 101 or journal 102. Partial differentiation in the equation is expressed by a differential expression of adjacent points, so that the pressure is finally converged by iteration to obtain the pressure applied to each part of the bearing seat 101 or the journal 102.
The distribution function of the bearing forces determined by solving the Reynolds equation above is: the bearing force is a cosine function in an arc range corresponding to a 120 ° central angle in the circumferential direction of the bearing housing 101 or the journal 102, and is a cosine function in the entire width range in the axial direction of the bearing housing 101 or the journal 102.
In particular, fig. 4 a-4 c are schematic views of the bearing forces acting on the bearing housing 101 provided according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig. 4a is a cross-sectional view of the bearing housing 101 perpendicular to the axis. As shown in fig. 4a, the bearing forces are distributed over an arc of between 170 ° and 290 ° (120 ° central angle) in the circumferential direction of the bearing seat 101. As shown in fig. 4b, the circumference of the bearing seat 101 is spread out, and the bearing force is distributed as a cosine function in the circumferential direction of the bearing seat 101. As shown in fig. 4c, in the axial direction of the bearing seat 101, the bearing force is distributed in a cosine function over the entire width of the bearing seat 101. Where H denotes the maximum value of the bearing force, i.e. the coefficient before the cosine function.
Fig. 5 a-5 c are schematic illustrations of bearing forces acting on journal 102 provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 5a is a cross-sectional view of the journal 102 perpendicular to the axis. As shown in fig. 5a, the bearing forces are distributed over an arc of between 170 ° and 290 ° (120 ° central angle) in the circumferential direction of the journal 102. As shown in fig. 5b, the circumference of the journal 102 is expanded, and the bearing force is distributed in a cosine function in the circumferential direction of the journal 102. As shown in fig. 5c, the bearing force is distributed in a cosine function over the entire width of the journal 102 in the axial direction of the journal 102. Where H denotes the maximum value of the bearing force, i.e. the coefficient before the cosine function.
As mentioned above, in the embodiment of fig. 4 a-5 c, the bearing forces are distributed over one face of the bearing housing 101 or journal 102, in the radial direction. Since the bearing forces are symmetrically distributed, the point of action of the concentrated force F is the center point on the distribution plane of the bearing forces when the concentrated force F can be regarded as the resultant of the bearing forces. Fig. 4 a-5 c are schematic views on a cross section through the point of action of the concentrated force F. Wherein the concentration force F is in the center of the cross-section.
It should be noted that, although the expressions S11 and S12 are used, these two steps are not meant to be in a sequential order, and may be parallel at the same time.
In step S13, a parameter value of the distribution function is determined from the distribution function and the concentration force.
The distribution function represents the point (direction) of action of each force in the bearing force, and the magnitude relationship (e.g., cosine function relationship) between each force. To obtain a specific value for each force, it is also necessary to determine the value of the parameter in the distribution function (e.g. the coefficient H before the cosine function). On the basis of the distribution function, the concentrated force F obtained by shafting dynamics and the resultant force relationship between the concentrated force F and the bearing force are added, so that the parameter value in the distribution function of the bearing force can be determined.
In particular, FIG. 6 is a flow chart of determining parameter values for a distribution function provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, this step S13 may include the following steps.
In step S131, a resultant of the bearing forces is determined from the distribution function. That is, the expression of the resultant force of the bearing force can be calculated from the distribution function of the bearing force. The independent variable of the distribution function of the bearing force is a physical quantity (e.g., an angle) representing the point of application of the bearing force, and the distribution function further includes a parameter (e.g., H) representing the magnitude of the value of the bearing force. In the above-described embodiment in which the distribution function is a cosine function, the bearing forces are symmetrically distributed, and therefore only the parameter H is included in the expression of the resultant bearing force.
In step S132, in the case where the resultant force of the bearing forces is equal to the concentrated force, the parameter values of the distribution function are calculated. That is, the equation is established by making the expression of the resultant force of the bearing forces containing the parameters equal to the concentration force F. And solving an equation to obtain parameter values in the distribution function. In the above embodiment where the distribution function is a cosine function, the parameter H, expressed as the concentration force F, is obtained by solving an equation.
After obtaining the parameter values, a complete distribution function is obtained. In this case, an independent variable (for example, an angle indicating an acting point of the bearing force) is known, and a dependent variable (a magnitude of the bearing force acting on the acting point) corresponding to the independent variable can be obtained from the distribution function of the bearing force. The magnitude and direction of the bearing force can thus be determined from the values of the parameters and the distribution function obtained.
In step S14, the structural strength of the bearing block 101 or the journal 102 is calculated from the distribution function and the parameter values. As mentioned above, the distribution function and the parameter values in the distribution function are known, i.e. the magnitude and direction of the bearing force is known. The required structural strength is calculated from the magnitude and direction of the force applied to the bearing housing 101 or journal 102, as is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in practice, the teachings of the present invention can be implemented using computer-aided engineering.
Through the technical scheme, the structural strength of the bearing seat or the journal is calculated by replacing single concentrated force with spatial distribution force closer to the actual condition, so that the calculated structural strength is more accurate. Because the surface force distributed in space is smaller than the single concentrated force, the structural strength calculation method for the bearing seat or the journal of the sliding bearing provided by the invention avoids the over-design problem of the bearing seat or the journal in the prior art, and saves the manufacturing material.
The invention also provides a structural strength calculation device for the bearing seat or the journal of the sliding bearing. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a structural strength calculation device for a bearing seat or journal of a sliding bearing provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes a concentration force calculation module 11, a distribution function determination module 12, a parameter value determination module 13, and a structural strength calculation module 14.
The concentrated force calculation module 11 is configured to calculate the concentrated force of the interaction between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102.
The distribution function determination module 12 is configured to determine a distribution function of the bearing forces interacting between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102.
The parameter value determination module 13 is configured to determine the parameter values of the distribution function from the distribution function and the concentration force.
The structural strength calculation module 14 is configured to calculate the structural strength of the bearing housing 101 or the journal 102 from the distribution function and the parameter values.
Wherein, the distribution function determining module 12 may be configured to: the distribution function of the bearing forces interacting between the bearing housing 101 and the journal 102 is determined from the reynolds equation.
The determined distribution function of the bearing forces is: the bearing force is a cosine function in an arc range corresponding to a 120 ° central angle in the circumferential direction of the bearing housing 101 or the journal 102, and is a cosine function in the entire width range in the axial direction of the bearing housing 101 or the journal 102.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of the configuration of the parameter value determination module 13 provided according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 8, the parameter value determination module 13 includes a resultant force determination unit 131 and a parameter value calculation unit 132.
The total force determination unit 131 is configured to determine a total force of the bearing forces from the distribution function.
The parameter value calculation unit 132 is configured to calculate the parameter value of the distribution function in case the resultant of the bearing forces is equal to the concentrated force.
With regard to the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.