CN106569951B - A kind of Web test method being detached from the page - Google Patents
A kind of Web test method being detached from the page Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Web test methods for being detached from the page, it uses the characteristics of http protocol, authoring tool, assembling sends message, according to dividing distinct methods to remove request server, response message is grabbed, rendering is analyzed in client's end memory, obtain associated connection, associated connection is sent, response inclusion is analyzed, anticipatory data and response data is compared, as the output of test result, each single item described in test case is searched in response message format data dictionary, compares, output test result.Web test method of the present invention to test deep, flexible, and using simple, use-case covering is wider, can fast implement automation, can automaticly inspect and respond html compliance, can simulate the use-case that the page is unable to test.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer network testing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of Web test method for being detached from the page.
Background technique
Web application automatic test is the automatic test based on user interface (User Interface, UI), is passed through
The UI automated test frames such as figure scripting language Sikuli or Selenium, realize the automatic test of modelling customer behavior.
Specifically, in Web application automatic test course, firstly, test machine implementation of test cases, obtains the corresponding operation of test case
As a result；Then, test machine calculates the operation success rate of predetermined batch according to the corresponding operation result of each test case；It is most
Greatly the disadvantage is that the dependence to the page is very strong, the modification of the page will lead to script and rewrite and safeguard that workload is very big, lead
It causes automation to realize to be difficult to promote, main automation is also limited in the test of a small amount of core function.
Currently, existing some Web test methods mainly manage the displaying and rendering dependent on browser, different browsers pair
The support of the page is also different, and tester is generally really doing page functional test, and the displaying of the page constrains test
Test of the personnel to server-side carries out going deep into coverage test and specific aim test lacks means and method to server-side.Therefore, it is
Raising testing efficiency deepens test depth, needs new test method to meet the needs of daily Web test.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, the present invention provides a kind of Web test methods for being detached from the page, enable to test to go deep into flexible,
Automation can be fast implemented.
A kind of Web test method being detached from the page, includes the following steps:
(1) by extracting carrying data required by the address the address URL analog access URL, to form request data package；
(2) request data package is sent to server, solicited message received by monitoring server obtains clothes
The response results of business device；
(3) response results are analyzed and are stored into data dictionary, make anticipatory data and response data into
Row is matched and is write the result into test result file, and then by each single item described in test case in response message format
Data dictionary in searched, compared and outputed test result.
The step (1) the specific implementation process is as follows: firstly, being determined in tested Web application according to application function
Each address access URL；Then, the data packet in intercept network communication about this request obtains each address URL access
Incidental resource request and Redirect URL address afterwards；Finally, obtaining test parameter and expected knot one by one from parametrization file
Fruit, and then the carrying data according to required by the address this use-case analog access URL, to form request data package.
Further, money needed for needing clearly each access address URL in the step (1) during extracting URL
Source composition, for providing foundation for test result judgement.
Needs when in the carrying data comprising accessing the head information needed when the address URL is submitted, the submission of the access address URL
Method, port and whether have redirection information, send parameter type, send parameter coding method, send parameter
Required digital signature and encryption data and the attachment sent together with this request.
The head information include Cookie, user's custom variable, the User-Agent parameter in HTTP Header,
Accept parameter and Accept-Language parameter, the input data as request are that test case does the optional ginseng in basis
Number, so that composition gos deep into the test case of multiplicity.
The step (3) the specific implementation process is as follows: firstly, with tool analysis response results, check response results
In resource information and be deposited into resource response list, the type of request resource that response page is needed, number and
The information format of corresponding address is stored into data dictionary, in case using when test result comparison；Simultaneously by response page
Html source file is stored in response text list, in case test case can be used regular expression and extract response expection, is used as
Test result identification, obtains pre- period parameters and is put into memory variable, provides selectable input parameter for next request；In turn
Believe with test parameter, head information and the response data body carried in tool analysis response results, and by test parameter and head
Formatted storage is ceased into data dictionary, in case using when test result comparison.
The present invention supports client/server communication mode, simple and convenient fast and flexible using http protocol, towards without even
Stateless feature, authoring tool are connect, and assembling sends message and response message grabbed according to dividing distinct methods to remove request server
It takes, rendering is analyzed in client's end memory, obtain associated connection, send associated connection, analyze response inclusion, search target
Whether occur；Flexible configuration of the present invention requests row, message header, request text to reach and checks diversity and the covering of use-case depth,
Statusline, message header, the response text in response message are analyzed, realizes hiding information inspection；The present invention will be in response message
Critical data crawl used as the required parameter of next request, the connection group of an operation flow is combined into a test set
It closes, completes automatic calling and analysis, the precondition of each connection and expected results are put into operating parameter, before first carrying out
It sets, then executes connection request, the response message that will acquire is analyzed, and obtains defined value and expected results compare, as survey
The foundation of test result judgement；Integrated data of the present invention is initial, data inspection, so that front-end process test combines Back end data to examine
It looks into, Connecting quantity flexible configuration, safety test use-case is added, quick inspection parameter whether there is SQL injection risk, to loaded page
Html document compliance in face automaticly inspects.
Web test method of the present invention to test deep, flexible as a result, and using simple, use-case covering is wider, can be fast
Speed realizes automation, can automaticly inspect response html compliance, can simulate the use-case that the page is unable to test.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is http protocol structure composition schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of Web test method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the operating process schematic diagram of the method for the present invention specific implementation.
Specific embodiment
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is to technical solution of the present invention
It is described in detail.
It is generally known that http protocol has following main feature:
(1) client end/server end communication pattern is supported.
(2) it is simple and convenient quickly: when client send request when, only simply fill in request path and
Then requesting method can be sent the request by browser or other modes.More commonly used request
There are three types of methods, is respectively: GET, HEAD, POST.The mode that different requesting methods contacts client and server end
It is different.Because http protocol is fairly simple, the program scale of HTTP server is relatively small, so that communication
Speed it is very fast.
(3) flexibly: http protocol allows the data object of client and server end transmission any type arbitrary format.This
A little different types are marked by Content-Type.
(4) towards connectionless: connectionless to be meant that the connection established every time only handles a client request.Work as service
After device has handled the request of client, and after receiving the feedback response of client, server end disconnects immediately.Using this
Kind communication mode can greatly save transmission time.
(5) towards stateless: HTTP is stateless agreement.It is so-called statelessly to refer to that agreement there is not the processing of request
There is memory function.Statelessly mean that these previous information have to retransmit if to handle previous information again, this
Have led to the increase of data transfers.But on the other hand, when previous information server not when in use,
Then the response of server will be very fast.
As shown in Figure 1, HTTP request consists of three parts, it is respectively: request row, message header, request text；HTTP is rung
It should be also to be made of three parts, be respectively: statusline, message header, response text.Web test method of the present invention is used
The characteristics of http protocol, authoring tool, assembling send message and grab response message according to dividing distinct methods to remove request server
It takes, rendering is analyzed in client's end memory, obtain associated connection, send associated connection, analyze response inclusion, search target
Whether occur；It is as shown in Figure 2 that it implements process:
Firstly, the address each access URL of tested application is determined according to application function, about this in intercept network communication
The data packet of secondary request obtains resource request and Redirect URL address subsidiary after each address URL accesses；It is clear each
Resource needed for accessing the address URL forms, and foundation is provided for test result judgement, according to use-case analog access URL address challenges
Carrying data, composition sends packet, determines the head information that needs when the access address url is submitted, including Cookie, user are customized
User-Agent parameter, Accept parameter, Accept-Language parameter in variable, HTTP Header determine access url
Whether method that address needs when submitting port, has a redirection, determines the type for sending parameter, the coding method for sending parameter
And the attachment sent together with request, the encryption datas such as the signature for sending that parameter needs are realized using algorithm；
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs is put into data dictionary, in case test knot
Fruit comparison uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Storage is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will ring
The head information formatization storage that should be taken back is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；With tool analysis, will ring
It answers the html source file of the page to be put into response text list to store, be rung in case test case can be used regular expression and extract
It is contemplated that being used as test result identification, obtain pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number；
Finally, comparing anticipatory data and response data with tool, as the output of test result, test is used
Each single item described in example searches in response message format data dictionary, compares, outputs test result.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment combines request address, adjustment address transmission sequence, as the A in Fig. 3 modifies behaviour according to business need
Make, determine and send a request each time, the data packet in intercept network communication about this request obtains each address url
Subsidiary resource request and the redirection address url after access；The composition of resource needed for its access address url clearly each first,
Foundation is provided for test result judgement, according to the carrying data of use-case analog access url address challenges, composition sends packet；It determines
The head information that the access address url needs when submitting, including the User- in Cookie, user's custom variable, HTTP Header
Agent parameter, Accept parameter, Accept-Language parameter；Determine the method needed when the access address url is submitted, end
Whether mouth has redirection；It determines and sends the type of parameter, sends the coding method of parameter and sent together with request attached
Part；The encryption datas such as the signature for sending that parameter needs are realized using algorithm.
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs is put into data dictionary, in case test knot
Fruit comparison uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Storage is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will ring
The head information formatization storage that should be taken back is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；With tool analysis, will ring
It answers the html source file of the page to be put into response text list to store, be rung in case test case can be used regular expression and extract
It is contemplated that being used as test result identification, obtain pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number.
Finally, comparing anticipatory data and response data with tool, as the output of test result, upper one is asked
The parameter variable association for asking the variable of outflow to need when requesting as next request address, each request receive after sending
Response all carries out matching with use-case expection, the test of operation flow is realized, such as the operation B in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment does not pass through the input of the page, avoids the data format inspection in, can ask for single
The parameter for asking middle requirement does data diversification input, such as the test data of input irregularity, as the A in Fig. 3 modifies operation；
The composition of resource needed for its access address url clearly each first provides foundation for test result judgement, is simulated and visited according to use-case
Ask the carrying data of url address challenges, composition sends packet；Determine the head information needed when the access address url is submitted, including
Cookie, user's custom variable, the User-Agent parameter in HTTP Header, Accept parameter, Accept-
Language parameter determines the method needed when the access address url is submitted, port, whether has redirection, determines and send parameter
Type, the coding method for sending parameter and the attachment sent together with request realize the label for sending parameter and needing using algorithm
The encryption datas such as name.
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs is put into data dictionary, in case test knot
Fruit comparison uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Storage is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will ring
The head information formatization storage that should be taken back is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；With tool analysis, will ring
It answers the html source file of the page to be put into response text list to store, be rung in case test case can be used regular expression and extract
It is contemplated that being used as test result identification, obtain pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number.
Finally, comparing anticipatory data and response data with tool, as the output of test result, and then check
Whether there is expected miscue in response message, checks whether server-side meets demand or code specification to abnormal processing
It is required that such as the operation B in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 3
Resource group needed for present embodiment clearly accesses the address url for the url of tested request is simulated according to use-case
The requirement data composition for accessing url address challenges sends packet；The composition of resource needed for its access address url clearly each first,
Foundation is provided for test result judgement, according to the carrying data of use-case analog access url address challenges, composition sends packet；It determines
The head information that the access address url needs when submitting, including the User- in Cookie, user's custom variable, HTTP Header
Agent parameter, Accept parameter, Accept-Language parameter, delete or distort cookie, as the A in Fig. 3 modifies operation；
It determines the method needed when the access address url is submitted, port, whether have redirection, determine and send the type of parameter, send parameter
Coding method and with the attachment that sends together of request, use algorithm to realize the encryption datas such as the signature for sending that parameter needs.
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs is put into data dictionary, in case test knot
Fruit comparison uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Storage is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will ring
The head information formatization storage that should be taken back is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；With tool analysis, will ring
It answers the html source file of the page to be put into response text list to store, be rung in case test case can be used regular expression and extract
It is contemplated that being used as test result identification, obtain pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number.
Finally, comparing anticipatory data and response data with tool, as the output of test result, and then test
The requirement that judges whether meet demand or specification of the request address to user right, such as the operation B in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 4
Resource group needed for present embodiment clearly accesses the address url for the url of tested request is simulated according to use-case
The carrying data composition for accessing url address challenges sends packet；The composition of resource needed for its access address url clearly each first,
Foundation is provided for test result judgement, according to the carrying data of use-case analog access url address challenges, composition sends packet；It determines
The head information that the access address url needs when submitting, including the User- in Cookie, user's custom variable, HTTP Header
Agent parameter, Accept parameter, Accept-Language parameter, modification requesting method (GET, POST, HEAD, PUT,
DELETE, TRACE), as the A in Fig. 3 modifies operation；It determines the method needed when the access address url is submitted, port, whether have
It redirects, determines the attachment for sending the type of parameter, sending the coding method of parameter and sending together with request, use algorithm
Realize the encryption datas such as the signature for sending that parameter needs.
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs is put into data dictionary, in case test knot
Fruit comparison uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Storage is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will ring
The head information formatization storage that should be taken back is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；With tool analysis, will ring
It answers the html source file of the page to be put into response text list to store, be rung in case test case can be used regular expression and extract
It is contemplated that being used as test result identification, obtain pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number.
Finally, compare anticipatory data and response data with tool, as the output of test result, and then will be pre-
Phase result is matched with response data, the verifying that browse request method is received to server-side may be implemented, such as the behaviour in Fig. 3
Make B.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiment to the request address of core carry resource group needed for sensitive data clearly accesses the address url according to
The carrying data composition of use-case analog access url address challenges sends packet；Money needed for its access address url clearly each first
Source composition provides foundation for test result judgement, and according to the carrying data of use-case analog access url address challenges, composition is sent
Packet；Determine the head information needed when the access address url is submitted, including in Cookie, user's custom variable, HTTP Header
User-Agent parameter, Accept parameter, Accept-Language parameter, distort sensitive data (such as dollar amount), such as
A in Fig. 3 modifies operation；It determines the method needed when the access address url is submitted, port, whether have redirection, determine and send ginseng
The coding method of several type, transmission parameter and the attachment sent together with request, use algorithm to realize that sending parameter needs
The encryption datas such as signature.
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs, is put into data dictionary, in case test
Comparative result uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Change storage to be put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will
It responds the head information formatization storage taken back to be put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；It, will with tool analysis
The html source file of response page, which is put into response text list, to be stored, in case regular expression extraction can be used in test case
Response is expected, and is used as test result identification, is obtained pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number
Finally, anticipatory data and response data are compared with tool, as the output of test result, and then can be with
It checks whether server-side does respective handling to data safety inspection, guarantees the primitiveness of data, such as the operation B in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 6
Resource group needed for the identical address url of present embodiment repetitive requests is according to use-case analog access url address challenges
Carrying data composition send packet, as in Fig. 3 A modify operation；Resource group needed for its access address url clearly each first
At providing foundation for test result judgement, according to the carrying data of use-case analog access url address challenges, composition sends packet；Really
Surely the head information needed when the access address url is submitted, including in Cookie, user's custom variable, HTTP Header
User-Agent parameter, Accept parameter, Accept-Language parameter determine the side needed when the access address url is submitted
Whether method port, has redirection；It determines and sends the type of parameter, sends the coding method of parameter and sent together with request
Attachment, use algorithm to realize and send the encryption datas such as signature that parameter needs.
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs is put into data dictionary, in case test knot
Fruit comparison uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Storage is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will ring
The head information formatization storage that should be taken back is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；With tool analysis, will ring
It answers the html source file of the page to be put into response text list to store, be rung in case test case can be used regular expression and extract
It is contemplated that being used as test result identification, obtain pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number.
Finally, anticipatory data and response data are compared with tool, as the output of test result, and then can be with
The fault-tolerant ability for checking server end, such as the operation B in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 7
Resource group needed for present embodiment clearly accesses the address url for the url of tested request is simulated according to use-case
The carrying data composition for accessing url address challenges sends packet；The composition of resource needed for its access address url clearly each first,
Foundation is provided for test result judgement, according to the carrying data of use-case analog access url address challenges, composition sends packet；It determines
The head information that the access address url needs when submitting, including the User- in Cookie, user's custom variable, HTTP Header
Agent parameter, Accept parameter, Accept-Language parameter determine the method needed when the access address url is submitted, end
Whether mouth has redirection；It determines and sends the type of parameter, sends the coding method of parameter and sent together with request attached
Part realizes the encryption datas such as the signature for sending that parameter needs using algorithm.
Then, the solicited message that combined request packet is received to server, monitoring server is sent with tool,
Server response results are obtained with tool；The response message that server is kept in memory variable, mentions for post analysis and comparison
For initial data；With tool analysis response results, the resource information checked in response is simultaneously stored in resource response list, will respond
The storage of the information formatizations such as request resource type, number, corresponding address that the page needs is put into data dictionary, in case test knot
Fruit comparison uses；The parameter and response data body carried with tool analysis response message, the parameter format that response is taken back
Storage is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；The head information carried with tool analysis response message, will ring
The head information formatization storage that should be taken back is put into data dictionary, in case test result comparison uses；With tool analysis, will ring
It answers the html source file of the page to be put into response text list to store, be rung in case test case can be used regular expression and extract
It is contemplated that being used as test result identification, obtain pre- period parameters and be put into variable, provides selectable input ginseng for next request
Number.
Finally, comparing anticipatory data and response data with tool, as the output of test result, and then will obtain
The html taken judges the compliance of Shipping Options Page according to the description of use-case, such as the operation B in Fig. 3.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is for that can understand and apply the invention convenient for those skilled in the art.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to above-described embodiment, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, the improvement made for the present invention and modification all should be in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Web test method for being detached from the page, includes the following steps:
(1) by extracting carrying data required by the address the address URL analog access URL, to form request data package；Specifically
Realization process are as follows: firstly, determining the address each access URL in tested Web application according to application function；Then, net is intercepted
Data packet in network communication about this request obtains incidental resource request and redirection after each address URL access
The address URL；Finally, obtaining test parameter and expected results one by one from parametrization file, and then is simulated and visited according to this use-case
Carrying data required by the address URL are asked, to form request data package；Clearly each access is needed during extracting URL
The composition of resource needed for the address URL, for providing foundation for test result judgement；
The side needed comprising accessing the head information needed when the address URL is submitted, when the access address URL is submitted in the carrying data
Method, port and whether have redirection information, send parameter type, send parameter coding method, send parameter needed for
The digital signature and encryption data wanted and the attachment sent together with this request；
(2) request data package is sent to server, solicited message received by monitoring server obtains server
Response results；
(3) response results are analyzed and is stored into data dictionary, make anticipatory data and response data progress
Match and write the result into test result file, so by each single item described in test case response message format number
According to being searched, compared and outputed test result in dictionary；Specific implementation process are as follows: tied firstly, being responded with tool analysis
Fruit checks the resource information in response results and is deposited into resource response list, by the request resource of response page needs
Type, the information format of number and corresponding address store into data dictionary, in case being used when test result comparison；Together
When by the deposit response text list of the html source file of response page, in case regular expression extraction can be used in test case
Response is expected, and is used as test result and is identified, obtains pre- period parameters and be put into memory variable, is provided for next request selectable
Input parameter；And then with test parameter, head information and the response data body carried in tool analysis response results, and will survey
Examination parameter and head information format are stored into data dictionary, in case using when test result comparison.
2. Web test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the head information includes that Cookie, user make by oneself
User-Agent parameter, Accept parameter and Accept-Language parameter in adopted variable, HTTP Header, conduct
The input data of request is that test case does basic optional parameters, so that composition gos deep into the test case of multiplicity.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109992500A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Interface test method, device and the computer readable storage medium of application |
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