CN106569265A - VSP observation method and system based on wave equation target stratum reverse illumination - Google Patents
VSP observation method and system based on wave equation target stratum reverse illumination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A VSP observation method and system based on wave equation target stratum reverse illumination is disclosed. The method may include: establishing an interval velocity model of an exploration area based on logging data and seismic data; selecting a plurality of excitation points in the target stratum, performing simulation based on the interval velocity model and the wave equation to obtain the reverse illumination wave field energy distribution of multiple excitation points; based on the reverse illumination wave field energy distribution of multiple excitation points, obtaining the surface energy distribution and the well energy distribution of the plurality of excitation points; and obtaining a ground spot position and geophone position in the well based on the surface energy distribution and the well energy distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of seismic exploration, more particularly, to based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination
VSP observation procedures and system.
Background technology
In field of seismic exploration, VSP (Vertical Seismic Profile) observation procedure is a kind of conventional earthquake
Observation procedure.VSP is vertical seismic profiling (VSP), corresponding with the seismic profile of usual ground observation.Vertically
Shake section method is the earthquake-wave-exciting on some points of adjacent ground surface, in arranged along wellhole different depth
It is observed on a little multistage multicomponent geophone stations.In vertical seismic profiling (VSP), because cymoscope is put by well
Inside stratum, so the up compressional wave and up converted wave propagated from bottom to top can not only be received, also can
The descending compressional wave and down conversion ripple propagated from top to bottom is received, or even shear wave can be received.This is vertical
Seismic profile most important feature compared with surface seismic section.
For surface seismic, VSP has the advantage that：Seismic wave one-way attenuation, seismic signal frequency compared with
It is high；Cymoscope depth localization, improves velocity analysiss precision；Cymoscope from target zone closer to, it is ensured that shake
Width information distortion is little；Three-component geophone is gathered, and can obtain PP, PSV ripple imaging data body；Can be evaluated whether
Anisotropic parameters etc..
Inventor has found that conventional VSP observation systems are all based on ray tracing and are designed, only comprising fortune
Move and learn feature, not the dynamic characteristic comprising seismic wave, therefore the acquisition scheme of complicated structure can not be met
Design.Therefore, it is necessary to develop a kind of method and system of the VSP observations that can realize complicated structure.
The information for being disclosed in disclosure background section is merely intended to deepen general background technology of this disclosure
Understanding, and be not construed as recognizing or imply in any form that the information structure has been people in the art
Prior art well known to member.
The content of the invention
The present disclosure proposes a kind of VSP observation procedures and system based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination,
Which can pass through the interval velocity model for setting up exploration work area, carry out the simulation based on wave equation, obtain multiple
The wavefield energy distribution of shot point reverse illumination, so as to obtain the optimum position of geophone station in ground shot point and well,
Realize the VSP observations of complicated structure.
According to the one side of the disclosure, it is proposed that a kind of VSP based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination sees
Survey method.Methods described can include：Based on well-log information and seismic data, the layer speed in exploration work area is set up
Degree model；Multiple shot points are chosen in target zone, are simulated based on interval velocity model and wave equation,
Obtain the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations；Ripple based on the plurality of shot point reverse illumination
Field energy is distributed, and obtains the surface energy distribution of the plurality of shot point and Energy distribution in well；And be based on
Surface energy is distributed and Energy distribution in well, obtains geophone station position in ground shot position and well.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, it is proposed that a kind of VSP based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination
Observation system, the system can include：For based on well-log information and seismic data, setting up exploration work area
Interval velocity model unit；For choosing multiple shot points in target zone, based on interval velocity model and ripple
Dynamic equation is simulated, and obtains the unit of the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations；For being based on
The wavefield energy distribution of the plurality of shot point reverse illumination, obtains the surface energy point of the plurality of shot point
The unit of Energy distribution in cloth and well；And for based on Energy distribution in surface energy distribution and well, obtaining
The unit of geophone station position in ground shot position and well.
Disclosed method and device have other characteristics and advantage, and these characteristics and advantage are from being expressly incorporated herein
In accompanying drawing and subsequent specific embodiment in will be apparent, or by the accompanying drawing being incorporated herein
With stated in subsequent specific embodiment in detail, these the drawings and specific embodiments be provided commonly for explain this
Disclosed certain principles.
Description of the drawings
Disclosure exemplary embodiment is described in more detail by combining accompanying drawing, the disclosure it is above-mentioned with
And other purposes, feature and advantage will be apparent from, wherein, in disclosure exemplary embodiment,
Identical reference number typically represents same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to the disclosure
The step of flow chart.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b show acoustic wavefield component according to an embodiment of the invention and elastic parameter
Locus schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 shows that the target zone of the VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination inversely shines
Bright schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the work area rate pattern of the one embodiment according to the disclosure.
Fig. 5 shows the signal that multiple shot points are chosen on target zone of the one embodiment according to the disclosure
Figure.
The target zone that Fig. 6 a-6h respectively illustrate multiple shot points of the one embodiment according to the disclosure is reverse
The schematic diagram of illumination earth's surface Predominance Area band.
The target zone that Fig. 7 a-7h respectively illustrate multiple shot points of the one embodiment according to the disclosure is reverse
The schematic diagram of Predominance Area band in illumination well.
Specific embodiment
Preferred embodiment of the present disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although this is shown in accompanying drawing
Disclosed preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the disclosure and should not be by here
The embodiment of elaboration is limited.Conversely, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure is more thorough and complete,
And the scope of the present disclosure intactly can be conveyed to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 shows the VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to the disclosure
The step of flow chart.
In this embodiment, the VSP observation sides based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to the disclosure
Method can include：Step 101, based on well-log information and seismic data, sets up the interval velocity model in exploration work area；
Step 102, chooses multiple shot points in target zone, is simulated based on interval velocity model and wave equation,
Obtain the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations；Step 103, it is reverse based on the plurality of shot point
The wavefield energy distribution of illumination, obtains the surface energy distribution of the plurality of shot point and Energy distribution in well；
And step 104, based on Energy distribution in surface energy distribution and well, examine in obtaining ground shot position and well
Wave point position.
The embodiment explores the interval velocity model in work area by setting up, and carries out the numerical simulation based on wave equation,
The wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations is obtained, so as to obtain geophone station in ground shot point and well
Optimum position, realizes the VSP observations of complicated structure.
The following detailed description of the VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to the disclosure
Concrete steps.
Set up rate pattern
In one example, well-log information and seismic data can be based on, set up the interval velocity mould in exploration work area
Type.In practical operation, can be in the near surface structure investigation of collection research area, drilling well, VSP well loggings, earthquake
On the basis of poststack data and data interpretation, interval velocity model corresponding with reflecting layer position is set up.Wherein,
Surface velocity model can be set up by near surface investigation achievement；Can by drilling well VSP stack velocity set up deep layer
Rate pattern.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various conventional methods known in the art can be adopted,
Set up the interval velocity model in exploration work area.
Obtain wavefield energy distribution
In one example, multiple shot points can be chosen in target zone, based on interval velocity model and fluctuation
Equation is simulated, and obtains the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations.
In one example, multiple shot points can be chosen in target zone.The position sum of the shot point of selection
Amount can pass through artificial selection.
In one example, it is simulated and can includes based on interval velocity model and wave equation, based on layer
Rate pattern and wave equation, realize the staggered-mesh numerical simulation of mesh point (i, j).
In isotropic medium, the form of the one-order velocity-stress equation of two-dimentional ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION is represented by：
Wherein, x, z can be represented horizontally and vertically respectively, vx、vzCan represent in x, z directions
Speed, u can represent density with express time, ρ with representation uniaxial stress (that is, wave field), t,
vpVelocity of longitudinal wave can be represented.
Based on above-mentioned formula (1), using staggered-mesh, when can obtain 2N ranks space difference accuracy, second order
Between difference accuracy staggered-mesh high-order finite difference method form.Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b show of the invention
The schematic diagram of the locus of the acoustic wavefield component and elastic parameter of one embodiment.The difference of equation (1)
Form can be expressed as：
Wherein,
Wherein, ut(i, j) can represent wave field of the mesh point (i, j) in time t, ut+(i, j) represents that mesh point (i, j) exists
The wave field of the later moment in time of time t, ut-(i, j) can represent ripple of the mesh point (i, j) in the previous moment of time t
.X direction velocity component of the mesh point (i, j) in time t can be represented,Can represent
Mesh point (i+, j) in the x directions velocity component of time t.Mesh point (i, j) can be represented time t's
Z directions velocity component,Represent in mesh point (i, j+) in the z directions velocity component of time t.Δ t is represented
Time step, Δ x, Δ z represent x, the mesh spacing in z directions, vx、vzMesh point is represented in x, the speed in z directions,
ρ represents density, vpRepresent velocity of longitudinal wave,X directions forward difference is represented,X directions backward difference is represented,Z directions forward difference is represented,Represent z directions backward difference.
In formula (2), can meet：
Formula (5) and (6) are in formula (2)WithSolution procedure
Detailed description.Wherein, N is difference accuracy；To correspond to the difference weight coefficient of m rank precision, m's
Span be 1,2 ..., N.
In one example, the wavefield energy distribution for obtaining multiple shot point reverse illuminations can include：Retain
The maximum displacement of each mesh point, is distributed with the wavefield energy for obtaining multiple shot point reverse illuminations.Can basis
Simulated time t, counts the maximum displacement of each mesh point during whole seimic wave propagation, and retains each grid
The maximum displacement of point.After numerical simulation terminates, multiple shot point reverse illuminations of target zone can be obtained
Wavefield energy scattergram.
Obtain geophone station position in ground shot position and well
In one example, can be distributed based on the wavefield energy of multiple shot point reverse illuminations, obtain described
Energy distribution in the surface energy distribution of multiple shot points and well.
In one example, ground shot point position can be obtained based on Energy distribution in surface energy distribution and well
Put and geophone station position in well.
In one example, obtaining ground shot position can include：It is distributed based on surface energy, is chosen many
The surface energy convergence of individual shot point is more than the overlapping region in 80% region as ground shot position.
In one example, in obtaining well, geophone station position can include：Based on Energy distribution in well, choose
Energy convergence in the well of multiple shot points is more than the overlapping region in 80% region as geophone station position in well.
Specifically, the wavefield energy based on previously obtained multiple shot point reverse illuminations is distributed, and can count
In the Energy distribution of earth's surface, the region of energy convergence 80% is chosen from scattergram as which being excited on target zone
In a shot point in the advantage energy band areal area on ground, according to the reciprocity law of seimic wave propagation, i.e.,
Face is laid big gun in this region and examines right, then certain purposeful layer position (target zone shot point after ground shot point is excited
Excite position) echo by ground geophone station receive (referring to Fig. 3), you can to realize the imaging of target zone.
Fig. 3 shows the target zone reverse illumination of the VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination
Schematic diagram.Advantage energy band point of the multiple shot points on target zone on ground can be just completed in this way
Cloth area, the overlapping region of last areal area are ground shot position dominant area, that is, obtaining ground shot point
Position.
Similarly, the wavefield energy based on previously obtained multiple shot point reverse illuminations is distributed, and can count
Energy distribution in well, chooses the region of energy convergence 80% from scattergram as exciting which on target zone
In the advantage energy band areal area of shot point in well, multiple excite such that it is able to complete on target zone
Advantage energy band areal area of the point in well, during the overlapping region of last areal area is well, geophone station position is excellent
Constituency, that is, obtaining geophone station position in well.
Using example
For ease of understanding the scheme and its effect of the embodiment of the present invention, a concrete application example given below.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the example is only for the purposes of understanding the present invention, its any detail is not
It is intended to limit the present invention by any way.
Below by taking actual work area as an example, the elaboration of whole process is carried out.Work area is that JX is regional, by crossing well solution
Release the rate pattern that section and horizon velocity data are set up.Fig. 4 shows the one embodiment according to the disclosure
Work area rate pattern schematic diagram.As shown in figure 4, in the work area rate pattern for crossing jx2#, model is long
Degree 9600m, depth are 8700 meters.Wherein for the purpose of complicated structure stratum, layer is as shown in chart display.
Fig. 5 shows the signal that multiple shot points are chosen on target zone of the one embodiment according to the disclosure
Figure.As shown in figure 5, the 8 shot point positions chosen in target zone, to complete reverse illumination simulation.
The target zone that Fig. 6 a-6h respectively illustrate multiple shot points of the one embodiment according to the disclosure is reverse
The schematic diagram of illumination earth's surface Predominance Area band, wherein Fig. 6 a-6h are respectively shot point 1-8.Fig. 7 a-7h show respectively
Predominance Area band in the target zone reverse illumination well of the multiple shot points for having gone out one embodiment according to the disclosure
Schematic diagram, wherein Fig. 7 a-7h are respectively shot point 1-8.
As shown in Fig. 6 a-6h, 8 shot point reverse illumination ground advantage energy range bands of target zone can be obtained
Range statistics.Then, for above-mentioned analog result, the optimal shot point region in analysis ground：
1. the ground effective range of shot point 1 is 3000-8400m, and length is 5400m.
2. the ground effective range of shot point 2 is 0-7200m, and length is 7200m.
3. the ground effective range of shot point 3 is two sections：0-4200m, length are 4200m；6600-9600m,
Length is 3600m.
4. the ground effective range of shot point 4 is 600-4800m, and length is 4200m.
5. the ground effective range of shot point 5 is two sections：500-4700m, length are 4200m；And
5900-7300m, length are 1400m.
6. the ground effective range of shot point 6 is 6500-9500m, and length is 3000m.
7. the ground effective range of shot point 7 is 0-4200m, and length is 4200m.
8. the ground effective range of shot point 8 is 0-3000m, and length is 3000m.
In order to more preferably receive the reflected energy from target zone, comprehensive 8 shot point results, preferred terrestrial gun
Point position scope be：500-4700m and 6300-7300m.
As shown in Fig. 7 a-7h, advantage energy range band in 8 shot point reverse illumination wells of target zone can be obtained
Range statistics.Then, for above-mentioned analog result, the optimal shot point region in analysis ground：
1. in the well of shot point 1, effective range is 2000-3000m, and length is 1000m.
2. in the well of shot point 2, effective range is 2700-3600m, and length is 900m.
3. in the well of shot point 3, effective range is：3600-5000m, length are 1400m.
4. in the well of shot point 4, effective range is 1800-5400m, and length is 3600m.
5. in the well of shot point 5, effective range is：2500-4900m, length are 2400m.
6. in the well of shot point 6, effective range is 3900-5400m, and length is 1500m.
7. in the well of shot point 7, effective range is 3900-6000m, and length is 2100m.
8. in the well of shot point 8, effective range is 2100-6000m, and length is 2900m.
In order that borehole geophone more preferably receives the reflected energy from target zone, comprehensive 8 shot points knot
Really, in optimizing well, the scope of geophone station position is：2700m-3600m, length are 900m
Two results of summary, finally determine that VSP collections ground shot position is that 500m-4700m is (past
Well left direction becomes offset distance and is the bigger the better)；In well, the scope of geophone station position is 2700m-3600m.
Can be by setting up according to the VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination of the disclosure
The interval velocity model in exploration work area, carries out the numerical simulation based on wave equation, obtains multiple shot points reverse
The wavefield energy distribution of illumination, so as to obtain the optimum position of geophone station in ground shot point and well, realizes complicated
The VSP observations of construction.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the purpose of the description of embodiment of this disclosure is only for example above
Property ground explanation embodiment of the disclosure beneficial effect, be not intended to by embodiment of the disclosure be limited to
Any example for going out.
Embodiment 2
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a kind of VSP based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination sees
Examining system, the system can include：For based on well-log information and seismic data, setting up exploration work area
The unit of interval velocity model；For choosing multiple shot points in target zone, based on interval velocity model and fluctuation
Equation is simulated, and obtains the unit of the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations；For based on institute
The wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations is stated, the surface energy distribution of the plurality of shot point is obtained
With the unit of Energy distribution in well；And for based on Energy distribution in surface energy distribution and well, obtaining ground
The unit of geophone station position in face shot position and well.
The embodiment explores the interval velocity model in work area by setting up, and carries out the numerical simulation based on wave equation,
The wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations is obtained, so as to obtain geophone station in ground shot point and well
Optimum position, realizes the VSP observations of complicated structure.
In one example, it is simulated and can include based on interval velocity model and wave equation：Based on layer
Rate pattern and wave equation, realize the staggered-mesh numerical simulation of mesh point (i, j) by equation below：
Wherein,
Wherein, ut(i, j) represents wave field of the mesh point (i, j) in time t, ut+(i, j) represents mesh point (i, j) in the time
The wave field of the later moment in time of t, ut-(i, j) represents wave field of the mesh point (i, j) in the previous moment of time t；
X direction velocity component of the mesh point (i, j) in time t is represented,Represent in mesh point (i+, j) in time t
X directions velocity component；Z direction velocity component of the mesh point (i, j) in time t is represented,Table
Show in mesh point (i, j+) in the z directions velocity component of time t；Δ t express time step-lengths, Δ x, Δ z represent x, z side
To mesh spacing, vx、vzMesh point is represented in x, the speed in z directions, ρ represent density, vpRepresent compressional wave
Speed,X directions forward difference is represented,X directions backward difference is represented,Represent that z directions are poor forward
Point,Represent z directions backward difference.
In one example, the wavefield energy distribution for obtaining multiple shot point reverse illuminations can include：Retain
The maximum displacement of each mesh point, obtains the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations.
In one example, obtaining ground shot position can include：It is distributed based on surface energy, chooses institute
The surface energy for stating multiple shot points restrains the overlapping region in the region more than 80% as ground shot position.
In one example, in obtaining well, geophone station position can include：Based on Energy distribution in well, choose
The surface energy convergence of the plurality of shot point is more than the overlapping region in 80% region as geophone station position in well
Put.
Can be by setting up according to the VSP observation systems based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination of the disclosure
The interval velocity model in exploration work area, carries out the numerical simulation based on wave equation, obtains multiple shot points reverse
The wavefield energy distribution of illumination, so as to obtain the optimum position of geophone station in ground shot point and well, realizes complicated
The VSP observations of construction.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the purpose of the description of embodiment of this disclosure is only for example above
Property ground explanation embodiment of the disclosure beneficial effect, be not intended to by embodiment of the disclosure be limited to
Any example for going out.
The disclosure can be system, method and/or computer program.Computer program can include
Computer-readable recording medium, containing the computer for being used to make processor realize various aspects of the disclosure
Readable program instructions.
Computer-readable recording medium can be to keep and store the instruction used by instruction execution equipment
Tangible device.Computer-readable recording medium can for example be-- but be not limited to-- storage device electric,
Magnetic storage apparatus, light storage device, electromagnetism storage device, semiconductor memory apparatus or above-mentioned any conjunction
Suitable combination.The more specifically example (non exhaustive list) of computer-readable recording medium includes：It is portable
Formula computer disks, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable type can
Program read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static RAM (SRAM), portable pressure
Contracting disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), memory stick, floppy disk, machinery are compiled
Decoding apparatus, the punch card for being for example stored thereon with instruction or groove internal projection structure and above-mentioned any conjunction
Suitable combination.Computer-readable recording medium used herein above is not construed as instantaneous signal itself, such as
The electromagnetic wave of radio wave or other Free propagations, the electromagnetic wave propagated by waveguide or other transmission mediums
(for example, by the light pulse of fiber optic cables) or the signal of telecommunication by wire transfer.
Computer-readable program instructions as described herein can download to each from computer-readable recording medium
Calculating/processing equipment, or downloaded by network, such as the Internet, LAN, wide area network and/or wireless network
To outer computer or External memory equipment.Network can include copper transmission cable, fiber-optic transfer, wireless biography
Defeated, router, fire wall, switch, gateway computer and/or Edge Server.Each calculates/processes and sets
Adapter or network interface in standby receives computer-readable program instructions from network, and forwards the meter
Calculation machine readable program instructions, for being stored in the computer-readable recording medium in each calculating/processing equipment.
Computer program instructions for performing disclosure operation can be assembly instruction, instruction set architecture
(ISA) instruction, machine instruction, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, condition setup data,
Or the source code write with the combination in any of one or more programming language or object code, the programming language
Speech includes OO programming language-Smalltalk, C++ etc., and the process type programming language of routine
Speech-such as " C " language or similar programming language.Computer-readable program instructions fully can be counted in user
Perform on calculation machine, partly perform on the user computer, performing as an independent software kit, part
Part performs or completely on remote computer or server on the remote computer on the user computer
Perform.In the situation of remote computer is related to, remote computer can be by the network-bag of any kind
LAN (LAN) or wide area network (WAN)-be connected to subscriber computer are included, or, it may be connected to outside meter
Calculation machine (such as using ISP come by Internet connection).In certain embodiments, pass through
Using the status information of computer-readable program instructions come personalized customization electronic circuit, such as FPGA
Circuit, field programmable gate array (FPGA) or programmable logic array (PLA), the electronic circuit can
To perform computer-readable program instructions, so as to realize various aspects of the disclosure.
Referring herein to the stream of the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, device (system) and computer program
Journey figure and/or block diagram describe various aspects of the disclosure.It should be appreciated that each side of flow chart and/or block diagram
The combination of each square frame in frame and flow chart and/or block diagram, can be realized by computer-readable program instructions.
These computer-readable program instructions can be supplied to general purpose computer, special-purpose computer or other can compile
The processor of journey data processing equipment, so as to produce a kind of machine so that these instructions are by computer
Or other programmable data processing units computing device when, generate in flowchart and/or block diagram
The device of function/action specified in one or more square frames.Can also be these computer-readable program instructions
Storage in a computer-readable storage medium, these instruct cause computer, programmable data processing unit and/
Or other equipment is worked in a specific way, so as to the computer-readable medium of the instruction that is stored with then includes one
Manufacture, which includes flowchart and/or function/action specified in one or more square frames in block diagram
The instruction of various aspects.
Can also computer-readable program instructions be loaded into computer, other programmable data processing units,
Or on miscellaneous equipment so that one is performed on computer, other programmable data processing units or miscellaneous equipment
Series of operative steps, to produce computer implemented process, so that in computer, other programmable numbers
According to one or more sides in the instruction flowchart and/or block diagram performed in processing meanss or miscellaneous equipment
Function/action specified in frame.
Flow chart and block diagram in accompanying drawing shows system, method and the meter of the multiple embodiments according to the disclosure
The architectural framework in the cards of calculation machine program product, function and operation.At this point, flow chart or block diagram
In each square frame can represent the part of module, program segment or an instruction, the module, program segment
Or a part for instruction is used for the executable instruction of the logic function that realization specifies comprising one or more.Having
In a little realizations as replacement, the function of being marked in square frame can also be with suitable different from what is marked in accompanying drawing
Sequence occurs.For example, two continuous square frames can essentially be performed substantially in parallel, and they sometimes can also
Perform in the opposite order, this is depending on involved function.It is also noted that block diagram and/or flow chart
In each square frame and block diagram and/or the square frame in flow chart combination, can use perform regulation function
Or the special hardware based system of action is realizing, or specialized hardware can be used with computer instruction
Combine to realize.
It is described above the presently disclosed embodiments, described above is exemplary, and non-exclusive,
And it is also not necessarily limited to disclosed each embodiment.In the scope and spirit without departing from illustrated each embodiment
In the case of, many modifications and changes will be apparent from for those skilled in the art.
The selection of term used herein, it is intended to best explain the principle of each embodiment, practical application or to market
In technology improvement, or make the art other those of ordinary skill be understood that it is disclosed herein each
Embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination, including：
Based on well-log information and seismic data, the interval velocity model in exploration work area is set up；
Multiple shot points are chosen in target zone, is simulated based on interval velocity model and wave equation, is obtained
The wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations；
Wavefield energy based on the plurality of shot point reverse illumination is distributed, and obtains the ground of the plurality of shot point
Energy distribution in table Energy distribution and well；And
Based on Energy distribution in surface energy distribution and well, geophone station position in ground shot position and well is obtained.
2. VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 1,
Wherein, being simulated based on interval velocity model and wave equation is included：Based on interval velocity model and fluctuation
Equation, realizes the staggered-mesh numerical simulation of mesh point (i, j) by equation below：
Wherein,
Wherein, ut(i, j) represents wave field of the mesh point (i, j) in time t, ut+(i, j) represents mesh point (i, j) in the time
The wave field of the later moment in time of t, ut-(i, j) represents wave field of the mesh point (i, j) in the previous moment of time t；
X direction velocity component of the mesh point (i, j) in time t is represented,Represent in mesh point (i+, j) in time t
X directions velocity component；Z direction velocity component of the mesh point (i, j) in time t is represented,Table
Show in mesh point (i, j+) in the z directions velocity component of time t；Δ t express time step-lengths, Δ x, Δ z represent x, z side
To mesh spacing, vx、vzMesh point is represented in x, the speed in z directions, ρ represent density, vpRepresent compressional wave
Speed,X directions forward difference is represented,X directions backward difference is represented,Represent that z directions are poor forward
Point,Represent z directions backward difference.
3. VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 1,
Wherein, the wavefield energy distribution for obtaining multiple shot point reverse illuminations includes：Retain the dominant bit of each mesh point
Move, be distributed with the wavefield energy for obtaining multiple shot point reverse illuminations.
4. VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 1,
Wherein, obtaining ground shot position includes：It is distributed based on surface energy, chooses the ground of the plurality of shot point
The convergence of table energy is more than the overlapping region in 80% region as ground shot position.
5. VSP observation procedures based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 1,
Wherein, in obtaining well, geophone station position includes：Based on Energy distribution in well, the plurality of shot point is chosen
Energy convergence in well is more than the overlapping region in 80% region as geophone station position in well.
6. a kind of VSP observation systems based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination, including：
For based on well-log information and seismic data, setting up the unit of the interval velocity model in exploration work area；
For choosing multiple shot points in target zone, it is simulated based on interval velocity model and wave equation,
Obtain the unit of the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations；
It is distributed for the wavefield energy based on the plurality of shot point reverse illumination, obtains the plurality of shot point
Surface energy distribution and well in Energy distribution unit；And
For based on Energy distribution in surface energy distribution and well, obtaining geophone station in ground shot position and well
The unit of position.
7. VSP observation systems based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 6,
Wherein, being simulated based on interval velocity model and wave equation is included：Based on interval velocity model and fluctuation
Equation, realizes the staggered-mesh numerical simulation of mesh point (i, j) by equation below：
Wherein,
Wherein, ut(i, j) represents wave field of the mesh point (i, j) in time t, ut+(i, j) represents mesh point (i, j) in the time
The wave field of the later moment in time of t, ut-(i, j) represents wave field of the mesh point (i, j) in the previous moment of time t；
X direction velocity component of the mesh point (i, j) in time t is represented,Represent in mesh point (i+, j) in time t
X directions velocity component；Z direction velocity component of the mesh point (i, j) in time t is represented,Table
Show in mesh point (i, j+) in the z directions velocity component of time t；Δ t express time step-lengths, Δ x, Δ z represent x, z side
To mesh spacing, vx、vzMesh point is represented in x, the speed in z directions, ρ represent density, vpRepresent compressional wave
Speed,X directions forward difference is represented,X directions backward difference is represented,Represent that z directions are poor forward
Point,Represent z directions backward difference.
8. VSP observation systems based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 6,
Wherein, the wavefield energy distribution for obtaining multiple shot point reverse illuminations includes：Retain the dominant bit of each mesh point
Move, obtain the wavefield energy distribution of multiple shot point reverse illuminations.
9. VSP observation systems based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 6,
Wherein, obtaining ground shot position includes：It is distributed based on surface energy, chooses the ground of the plurality of shot point
The convergence of table energy is more than the overlapping region in 80% region as ground shot position.
10. VSP observation systems based on wave equation target zone reverse illumination according to claim 6,
Wherein, in obtaining well, geophone station position includes：Based on Energy distribution in well, the plurality of shot point is chosen
Surface energy convergence is more than the overlapping region in 80% region as geophone station position in well.
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| CN113090251A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Logging VSP composite data acquisition system based on optical fiber sensing and acquisition processing method |
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