CN106560219A - Totally-artificial heart in built-in mode - Google Patents
Totally-artificial heart in built-in mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN106560219A CN106560219A CN201610055675.5A CN201610055675A CN106560219A CN 106560219 A CN106560219 A CN 106560219A CN 201610055675 A CN201610055675 A CN 201610055675A CN 106560219 A CN106560219 A CN 106560219A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/20—Type thereof
- A61M60/247—Positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/253—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
- A61M60/268—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
- A61B5/0004—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/0205—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14542—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring blood gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
- A61M60/148—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/50—Details relating to control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
- A61M2205/0266—Shape memory materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/005—Parameter used as control input for the apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/04—Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. ECG, blood pressure modulation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/20—Blood composition characteristics
- A61M2230/205—Blood composition characteristics partial oxygen pressure (P-O2)
Abstract
The invention provides a totally-artificial heart in built-in mode. The totally-artificial heart comprises a fixation unit, an energy control unit, power units, and flow direction control units. The power units are flexible peristaltic pumps driven by alternating voltages. The fixation unit having a rigid structure is used for fixing the energy control unit, all power units, and all flow direction control units. Flow direction control unit doors arranged inside the flow direction control units are used for controlling flowing directions of fluid. The energy control unit outputs alternating voltages with variable frequencies and waveforms to control the power units, thereby meeting various requirements of human bodies. According to the totally-artificial heart in built-in mode, the totally-artificial heart can be used as an auxiliary artificial heart based on simple modification. With the driving thin-film material, the complicated mechanical structure is simplified and the energy consumption of the artificial heart is reduced substantially; the totally-artificial heart can be arranged in a built-in mode, so that the usage and maintenance costs can be lowered. Meanwhile, noises during working of the artificial heart can be reduced substantially, so that the comfort of the artificial heat can be improved. Besides, on the basis of the unique structural design, a certain adjuvant treatment effect for some traditional cardiovascular diseases is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomedical engineering field, and in particular to the cryptomere dielectric elastomer that a kind of alternating voltage drives is thin
Film production can be built-in total artificial heart.
Background technology
Mankind's cause of the death is ranked first with heart disease.The treatment of heart disease is extremely difficult, is currently difficult in addition to heart transplantation
There is the cardiopathic Therapeutic Method of radical cure.Human heart because of disease damage partially or completely loss of function and whole body can not be maintained normal
During blood circulation, a kind of machinery with artificial material manufacture of transplantation is temporarily or permanently partially or completely replacing heart
Function, promotion blood circulation, this device is artificial heart.Part substitutes the referred to as ventricular assist device of human heart function,
The referred to as total artificial heart of replacing whole human heart function.Ventricular assist device is merely able to substitute an atrium or one respectively
Ventricle.Patient can only be saved by transplanting total artificial heart in the case of the complete exhaustion of cardiac function.
Traditional artificial heart is driven using frame for movement, complicated frame for movement（Such as motor, gear drive machine
Structure, spring, hinge, screw, bolt etc.）Cannot need with avoiding using motor as driver, not only volume is big, is also easy to produce machine
Tool fatigue, and high energy consumption, need outside lasting energy supply, while noise is big when motor high energy consumption itself, driving, user
During use, comfortableness is very poor.Another aspect artificial heart is very high to safety, reliability requirement, and the machine of Traditional Man heart
Often due to the problem of service life, fault rate is raised tool structure year by year, increased the risk that uses and postoperative maintenance is protected
Foster expense.
Most of traditional total artificial heart all using external or by the way of part is external, external artificial heart or its
Part is unavoidable to cause very big impact to the life of people.And technical requirements of the external artificial heart to operator
Higher, operation risk is larger.Easily there is local infection in the coupling region for passing through skin in such as device, and then causes correlation
The up infection of complication, skin ulcer etc..Also, traditional total artificial heart is integrated, when certain part（Example
Such as certain atrium or ventricle）Danger coefficient when whole total artificial heart must be just changed after damage, not only high cost, and be transplanted
Also it is high.
Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of low energy consumption at present, the complete artificial heart that low noise, high economy, high reliability can be completely built-in
It is dirty.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of complete artificial heart that can be built-in
It is dirty.
The problems such as present invention is directed to Traditional Man cardiac mechanical complex structure, high volume occupancy, high energy consumption, high noisy, makes
With intelligent soft material as driver and artificial heart itself, structure is enormously simplify, reduce energy consumption, noise and take body
Product.Frame for movement due to eliminating complexity（Such as motor, gear drive, spring, hinge, screw, bolt etc.）, solve
The biocompatibility issues of Traditional Man heart.Total artificial heart employs 4 power units, by fixed cell with parallel connection
With the requirement for being connected into entirety, meeting compact conformation of two kinds of forms of series connection, it is easy to the blood vessel with body（For example lung is moved
Arteries and veins, vein etc.）It is connected.Under specific control model with reference to control energy unit, 4 tunnel voltage outputs, per all the way using certain waveform, frequency
The voltage control of rate, 4 tunnel collaborative works, the institute for completing total artificial heart are functional.Additionally, single power unit can also be in control
The lower complete independently atrium of energy unit effect or the work of ventricle, thus the total artificial heart for simplifying version can be used as indirect labor's heart
It is dirty.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
The present invention proposes a kind of total artificial heart that can be built-in, it is characterised in that：Described total artificial heart can be positioned over biology
Body it is internal, described total artificial heart includes that fixed cell, control can unit, 4 power units and at least 4 traffic organising lists
Unit, wherein：
The power unit is the high-elastic body thin film of cryptomere dielectric driven by alternating voltage, and described power unit can be individually
As atrium or ventricle；Two power units in described power unit flow to control unit by first and are connected to form the right side
Atrium and right ventricle, and flow to control unit by second and be connected with pulmonary artery；Two other power unit is by the 3rd stream
Left atrium and left ventricle are connected to form to control unit, and are connected with aorta by the 4th traffic organising unit；
Fixed cell is used for fixed control can unit, each power unit and traffic organising unit；
The control energy unit provides energy, described control energy unit output alternation to described traffic organising unit, power unit
Voltage is used to control each power unit independent operating to produce circulation power, the frequency of the alternating voltage and the heart of organism
Frequency hopping rate correspondence.
Further, described control energy unit is contained within sensor, can monitor in the blood flow and blood in heart
Oxygen content, when flow or oxygen content in blood are strongly reduced, the preset value in program that can be in unit less than control leads to
Cross negative feedback arrangement, control can unit should be able to make a response rapidly change output waveform, control power unit, increase in the unit interval
Blood supply, and once oxygen content exceed normal value when, control can unit then send signal reduce blood supply, reduce blood
In oxygen content, in order to avoid cause human organ to damage.In daily life, control energy unit can monitor the blood oxygen in human body simultaneously
Situation, can monitor the working condition of total artificial heart, it is ensured that the normal operation of total artificial heart, once total artificial heart occurs
Service behaviour declines or operation irregularity can notify patient in time and change total artificial heart damaged parts, it is ensured that Huan Zhejian
Health.
Further, described total artificial heart also includes outside knapsack, and the outside knapsack is for described full people
Work heart energy supply, communication, monitoring and control.
Each power unit of the present invention can individually complete the work(of atrium or ventricle under the regulation and control of control energy unit
Can, can individually be used as left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, in the course of work of total artificial heart, individually
Certain atrium or ventricle break down, can be individually replaced.Power unit can be independently controlled simultaneously, and four power units exist
The work of total artificial heart is completed under the Collaborative Control of unified control energy unit.In addition, using independent control pattern（Distribution
Formula control model）, the job stability of total artificial heart can be effectively improved, such as the driving force of a certain unit is not just reached
When often requirement, other units can improve power in short-term and complete total artificial heart function, change for the later stage and provide certain delaying
Rush the time.This is a little that the total artificial heart of conventionally employed frame for movement does not have, and for example CN201010158310.8 is adopted
With single external driver element, once the time that failure awards rescue is very short, people's cerebral blood supply insufficiency just occurred after a few minutes
Brain death.
Described fixed cell is used for fixed control energy unit, each power unit and traffic organising unit, usually Gao Mo
The material of amount, such as metal, high-modulus plastic, the rubber of high-moduluss, it is however generally that, high-moduluss refer to the stretch moduluses of material,
Size should be more than 10MP.High-moduluss should be enough to protection structure and big disabler behavior not produced when power unit works,
Such as structural instability causes artificial heart to produce big asymmetrical deformation so as to cause structure breaking, to support power unit.
The structure of fixed cell can be frame structure or be shell structure, power unit is wrapped in, power unit is played
Supporting role so as to which structure is relatively stable in deformation process.Using frame structure, it is possible to reduce the material of power unit disappears
Consumption.Preferably, the material of fixed cell is medical metal material, it is furthermore preferred that titanium alloy may be selected.
The frequency of the alternating voltage covers most of organisms substantially（Birds, mammalss, reptiles, Fish）Heart beating
Frequency range, can be 3～500/min.It is big that the alternating voltage can also be modulated into specific waveform, frequency and amplitude
Little, waveform expression formula can be expressed as：
(k=1,2,3), whereinFor constant, k is that wave number has following relation with frequency f, l is half-wavelength, ak,b k For coefficient and determine the amplitude of waveform, t is the time, as needed, can adjust more than
The numerical value of parameter, so as to produce the waveform and amplitude of needs.Particularly, during waveform can select sine wave, square wave and triangular wave
Any one or it is arbitrarily various, to meet during the demand, such as sleep quality under the various contextual models of total artificial heart
Heart movement tends to slow, and when human body vigorous exercise, heart movement is substantially accelerated, and should now increase the value of wave number k, carries
Blood supply ability in the high unit interval, now total artificial heart should meet different drivings and require adjust automatically control model.
Two power units in described power unit by first flow to control unit be connected to form right atrium with
Right ventricle, and flow to control unit by second and be connected with pulmonary artery；Two other power unit passes through the 3rd traffic organising
Unit is connected to form left atrium and left ventricle, and is connected with aorta by the 4th traffic organising unit.By such
Connection makes blood first flow to right ventricle from right atrium and flow to pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein again and finally reaches left atrium, completes pulmonary circulation；Again
Make blood left ventricle be flowed to from left atrium and flow to aorta, vena systemica again and finally reach right atrium, complete body circulation.
Described total artificial heart employs 4 power units, and is divided into two groups, by containing traffic organising in per group
The connection unit of unit is together in series, while two groups in parallel by fixed cell, meet the requirement of compact conformation, also allows for and body
The blood vessel of body（Such as pulmonary artery, vein etc.）It is connected.Under the last special control model in control energy unit regulates and controls, complete complete artificial
The institute of heart is functional.
By intelligent soft material and cystic structures are combined, in addition specific connected mode is caused described total artificial heart
Overall volume miniaturization, meets completely built-in demand.It is completely built-in, it is easy to physical activity, while when reducing body operation
Risk, and postoperative maintenance and cost of use.Such as traditional split type total artificial heart, for example
CN201010158310.8）Using the external form of power unit, total artificial heart is inevitably needed through skin, so as to
So that exposure in atmosphere, causes infection risk, while external impetus unit makes the normal activity of patient very at skin openings
Inconvenience, easily meeting with surprisingly causes the unartificial damage of external impetus unit.
Described power unit is made up of the cystic structures of both ends open, and described cystic structures are the short and thick sky of dual openings
The short tube of cavity configuration, such as dual openings.The size of cystic structures should be determined according to use occasion substantially in 1mm3～1m3, example
Such as the human body of all ages and classes, should be in 5 × 5 × 5cm for the size of adult's cystic structures3Left and right, and it is left for 10 years old
Right minor's physical dimension should be in 3 × 3 × 3cm3.Certainly actual size should be suitably modified according to individual variation.
The utricule of cystic structures can be membrane structure, and the thickness of thin film should be in 0.05mm～0.5m, and occurrence should be according to employing
Material and using object determining.Cystic structures can be constituted using intelligent soft material, such as dielectric elastic material, shape
Memory macromolecular material, liquid crystal bullet colloid etc., can utilize the eigenstrain produces driving force of itself, promote in cystic structures
Liquid flows.Described intelligent soft material referred to extrinsic motivated (not comprising the field of force), for example electric field, magnetic field, thermal field, light field,
Under the effect such as electromagnetic field, the special material of the change of shape of generation shows as rigidity and modulus very little, can bear larger on mechanics
Deformation, its free deformation can recover；Described eigenstrain refers to material in extrinsic motivated, for example electric field, magnetic field, thermal field,
The lower deformation for producing of the effect such as light field, electromagnetic field, this deformation needs not rely on the power load in the external world, namely this deformation is material
Material is produced itself, such as due to expanding with heat and contract with cold that temperature change is produced.Power unit is internally produced in the presence of fluid pressure
Change shape, after power unit is subject to extrinsic motivated (such as dielectric elastomer is under high pressure activation), due to eigenstrain
Effect, described intelligent soft material are macroscopically showing as softening, now internally in the presence of Fluid pressure, the power list
Unit further expands, and external fluid is flowed in power unit, after extrinsic motivated is removed, and the power unit shrinks, so as to
Flow out the fluid in power unit.
Preferably, can be connected with each other with the connection unit containing traffic organising unit between described power unit,
The connection unit can be using flexible pipe or rigidity pipe, preferably, can be using flexible pipe, the material of the flexible pipe
Material can adopt politef, terylene, polyurethane, preferably, polyurethane can be adopted.Preferably, the flexible pipe
Flexible material of the elastic modelling quantity that material can also be less than 10MP.
Further, the traffic organising unit is built-in with the structure of control flow direction, for simulating the valve of heart so that
The blood flow direction of power unit intracavity when wriggling returns to left atrium to left ventricle to pulmonary artery from right atrium to right ventricle
Right atrium is eventually passed back to aorta vessel.The traffic organising unit can be check valve, and the traffic organising unit can be adopted
Made with rigid material or flexible material, for example, it may be check valve made by rigid material or flexible material（Artificial heart valve
Film）, realize valvular function.Cardiac valve prosthesiss automatic shutter under the differential pressure action of both sides, controls the flow direction of blood, prevents
Hemostatic Oral Liquid flows backwards.The Cardiac valve prosthesiss have good biocompatibility, will not produce in vivo to body be harmful to from
Son, possesses certain blood-clot resistance energy, may be directly applied to cardiovascular system.Preferably, flexible material should be adopted, more preferably
, should be using biological or bionical valve made by macromolecule.For example with the three leaflet artificial heart valvees that politef makes
Film（CN201180058439.4）.
The control energy unit provides energy, described control energy unit output to described traffic organising unit, power unit
Alternating voltage acts on power unit and controls each power unit independent operating to produce circulation power.Preferably, the control
Energy unit includes control module, power module, wireless charging module, communication module.Wherein, the control module output alternation electricity
Pressure acts on four power units, and each power unit is shunk and diastole in the presence of alternating voltage respectively, is produced blood and is followed
The driving force of ring.Described power module provides energy for all parts to total artificial heart, preferably, described confession
The battery that energy module can adopt energy density high, such as lithium battery, graphene battery etc..The wireless charging module is used to receive
Outside energy charges to power module, preferably, the wireless charging pattern of electromagnetic induction, the wireless charging mould can be adopted
Block can be made up of coil and charging circuit, and the coil produces exchange by electromagnetic induction and supplies electricity to power module charging.It is described
Communication module be used for the information transmission of total artificial heart and external receiving device, such as by the atrium of total artificial heart and ventricle
The detection data for pumping into and pumping out pressure export in outside knapsack, or the control signal of outside knapsack is input to into full people
Work heart is used to regulate and control or in the treatment for some diseases.
Further, the ac voltage signal of the control module output is relative to traditional total artificial heart
CN201010158310.8, can be various by the waveform of regulation voltage, amplitude, frequency etc. using the single shaping modes of frequency
Regulation parameter（Formula（1）In parameters）, meet human body under circumstances（For example move, sit quietly, sleep）Work will
Ask.Described total artificial heart is introduced in normal work using square-wave voltage as the output AC voltage signal of control module below
（When sitting quietly）When control mode.
There is one phase bit of difference for four independent power units in described square-wave voltage（As shown in Figure 5）, initial
Under state：
1st, two power units of left atrium and right atrium（Power unit 11,12）Remove voltage, left ventricle right ventricle（Power list
Unit 13,14）Applied voltage U,
2nd, after when T1, two power unit applied voltages U of left atrium and right atrium, while will be used as left ventricle and the right heart
Two power units of room remove voltage.
3rd, after when T2, two power units of left atrium and right atrium remove the two of voltage, left ventricle and right ventricle
Individual power unit is applied with the voltage of U volts,.
4th, after when T3, two power unit applied voltages U of left atrium and right atrium, the two of left ventricle and right ventricle
Individual power unit removes voltage.
Here left ventricle is shunk and diastole one at a time cycle T with right ventricle, and frequency is 1/T.
Further, the frequency and the blood circulation frequency pair of organism of the alternating voltage of the control module output
Should.The sanguimotor a cycle is T, and frequency is 1/T, can control frequency 1/T and organism blood by control module
The frequency correspondence of liquid circulation, should be between 3～500/min as optimized frequency.For the biology of mouse Rodents, frequency 1/T
Should be in 400～500/min or so；For large mammals such as cattle and sheep, frequency 1/T should be in 30～50/min or so；For people
Body, frequency 1/T should be in 60～90/min or so.For human body, under normal circumstances, frequency 1/ can be controlled by control module
T has three different states, controls frequency 1/T for 75/min or so under rest state（That is adult's normal heart beating frequency
Rate）；Frequency 1/T is controlled under usual walking level for 120/min or so；It is that 180/min is left that frequency 1/T is controlled under strenuous exercise
The right side, and can be adjusted according to individual difference.
Further, square wave alternating voltage load mode can be adopted, but according to design, load mode can be with various
Various, for example square wave is replaced with sine wave, or triangular wave and sine wave alternately and other it is various forms of combine, by control
Can unit regulation and control, for example with sine wave and square wave combination controlling the work of total artificial heart, some hearts can be prevented
The generation of cerebrovascular disease, has adjuvant treatment effect simultaneously for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, for example, prevents the arteriosclerosis of blood vessel
Or hyperlipidemia.
Further, total artificial heart system of the present invention also includes outside knapsack, and the outside knapsack includes control
Molding block, power module, wireless charging module, communication module.The wireless charging module can be by coil and external circuitses structure
Into for being charged to the battery of the artificial heart for being placed in inside of human body.The coil by the alternating current of outside input by
Electromagnetic induction produces the magnetic field of change, and the coil acted in the wireless charging module in control energy unit produces alternating current.By
Low in the energy consumption of the artificial heart, cruising time is long, and control energy unit itself can give artificial heart offer with the long period
The energy, it is only necessary to which separated in time is charged using outside knapsack, preferably, the charging interval be chosen as daily one
It is secondary, it is charged in nighttime sleep.Described power module includes solar panel and lithium battery, for activity in the wild
When provide energy to artificial heart, on daytime using solar panel to lithium cell charging, pass through wireless charging list at night
Unit charges to artificial heart, and wireless charging device can be preset on the bed of patient, so as to can also fill when patient's rest
Electricity, improves the quality of life of patient.
Further, the communication module of the control energy unit includes signal receiving device, and signal transmitting apparatus control mould
Block；The communication module of the outside knapsack includes signal generator, signal receiving device.The signal of the control energy unit receives dress
Put for receiving the control signal that signal generator sends in outside knapsack, and realized for artificial heart by control module
Control, in some conditions（The anoxias such as plateau area is entered for example）Down can be to the jumping frequency rate of artificial heart and working strength
It is automatically adjusted to adapt to the change of environment, it is also possible to directly by the mode of operation of artificial operational control artificial heart.It is described
Signal receiving device of the signal transmission of frequency when signal transmitting apparatus are for artificial heart is beated etc. to outside knapsack, by
This can pass through the situation of outside knapsack real-time monitoring artificial heart, such as note abnormalities
The preparation of heart.
Further, at least one power unit of the present invention includes internal cavities.Described control energy unit can be with
It is placed in the internal cavities of any one power unit.The power unit is a relatively large cavity, according to device
Driving feature, the fluid flow performance in most spaces of power unit central area are poor, so position therebetween
Place object little to the flow inside whole artificial heart.Control energy unit is placed in inside power unit can be further
The whole artificial heart of reduction volume, meet total artificial heart and can be completely disposed at internal requirement feature, while giving whole people
Work heart provides more spaces to expand the volume of power unit to obtain better performance.As a comparison
It is internal that CN201010158310.8 can not meet being built in of entire infrastructure as driver element using traditional frame for movement
Demand.
Further, control energy unit of the present invention can be connected with fixed cell and is placed in outside described power unit.
When control energy unit is placed in the internal cavities of certain power unit, it is impossible to avoid the need for the wire by other three power units are controlled
Connect away from inside the power unit, these wires are more, and I haven't seen you for ages produces impact to blood flow, so for such as old people etc.
The not vigorous colony of metabolism, its power requirement to artificial heart be not high, and control energy unit can be placed in outside power unit.
Further, artificial heart of the present invention can be positioned in vitro, preferably, should select to be positioned over life
Interior of articles；But for some special circumstances（Such as allergy）Artificial heart can be placed in vitro, by conduit by external people
Work heart is coupled together with internal blood circulation, can equally reach the function of artificial heart.And it is described complete artificial
Power unit in heart is functionally completely independent, and if a power unit is damaged, need to only change damage one moves
Power unit and whole total artificial heart need not be changed, dramatically saves on cost.
Further, the artificial heart that can be built-in both can be used as total artificial heart, it is also possible to used as indirect labor
Heart.Described ventricular assist device can be positioned over the internal of organism, and described ventricular assist device includes fixed cell, control
Energy unit, at least one power unit and at least one traffic organising unit, wherein：The power unit is driven by alternating voltage
The high-elastic body thin film of cryptomere dielectric, described power unit can individually be used as atrium or ventricle；Described power unit is straight
Connect corresponding blood vessel and heart of the excessively stream to control unit or the connection unit containing traffic organising unit and institute alternate sites
Position connects；Described fixed cell is used for fixed control can unit, each power unit and traffic organising unit；The control can be single
Unit can monitor heart working and provide energy and control signal to the power unit, and described control energy unit is exported with alternation
The control signal of voltage form is used to control each power unit independent operating to produce circulation power, the frequency of the alternating voltage
Rate is corresponding with the palmic rate of organism.
During as total artificial heart, combined by four power units and constitute left atrium and ventricle；As indirect labor's heart
When dirty, single ventricle or atrium are individually replaced by a power unit.During as ventricular assist device, single power unit is direct
By traffic organising unit or containing traffic organising unit connection unit and the corresponding blood vessel of institute's alternate sites and corresponding heart
Connecting portion is connected.In heart working, power unit can be according to heart other parts working condition, can unit by controlling
Amendment power unit control signal is adjusted, the normal work of heart is realized.The power unit is made up of dielectric elastomer,
And the dielectric elastomer itself can serve as sensing module, inherently one capacitor of dielectric elastomer, which is in extraneous load
Can deform upon in the presence of lotus, and then change the elastomeric electric capacity of dielectric, can be obtained by by measuring the knots modification of electric capacity
Extraneous load, realizes the function of sensing.The high-elastic body thin film of dielectric for power unit can sense heart normal segments
Bounce is simultaneously beated with the collaboration of normal heart part using this signal come the power unit controlled as ventricular assist device.
It is of the present invention can built-in total artificial heart can be used for medical field.Heart live body shifting can carried out for example
Serve as the function of heart, or the treatment for being used for heart disease as auxiliary even total artificial heart during plant temporarily.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, the power unit driven using dielectric elastomer, is shown according to the research to its material behavior, and which has operation
Efficiency high, response are fast, and noise is low and the features such as good economy performance.
2nd, the total artificial heart system constituted using power unit, does not have any frame for movement inside which, and original
Blood circulation has good compatibility, greatly reduces energy consumption, realizes the complete built-in of artificial heart.It is simultaneously dynamic
Each module of power unit is movable, and effectively anti-Hemostatic Oral Liquid is in local coagulation, the generation of anti-tampon.
3rd, artificial heart adopts four power units, connects two-by-two, respectively as left atrium and ventricle, in control unit
In the presence of, the function of heart can be fully achieved.Wider frequency-tuning range is adapted to the biology of nearly all heart
The needs of body, especially to the mankind and other mammals（Such as cat, Canis familiaris L. etc.）The simulation of cardiac pulse feature, subtracts to greatest extent
Impact of the Prosthesis to human body is lacked, has allowed patient comparatively fast adapt to the working method of artificial heart.
4th, it is internal to contain high-performance rechargeable battery, more than one day normal energy expenditure of people can be met.It is further advanced by
Wireless charging device, can keep artificial heart under special circumstances, and for example long-time some strength moves lower or high conditions
Continual and steady operation lowerly.
5th, artificial heart system can be by the real-time blood pressure and flow information in wireless signal transfer heart to outside
Portable or corresponding receiving device, realize the real-time monitoring of artificial heart.
6th, the jumping frequency rate in artificial heart is adjusted typically by internal control energy unit, and by power unit
Blood pressure, oxygen content and blood flow monitoring, can feed back to control can unit with adjusting working mode, meet human body and exist
Normal demand under different working condition, for example, work, walking or kinestate.If necessary can be by outside control energy unit
The working condition of adjustment artificial heart, in case internal control element failure.
7th, the power unit in total artificial heart is functionally completely independent, and if a power unit is damaged, only needs
Change a power unit of damage and whole total artificial heart need not be changed, reduce operation and maintenance cost.
8th, the ventricular assist device in the present invention can realize normal human's heart with human body damaged heart collaborative work
Repertoire, with the very strong suitability.
9th, the blood in human body can preferably be adjusted by different control modes using the good response of power unit
Flowing, effectively alleviates blood circulation disease, and such as hyperlipemia, blood are sticky, atherosclerosiss, hypertension etc. are led
There is ischemic or hemorrhage in the heart of cause, brain and body tissue.Adjusted by outside control unit simultaneously, adjusted
The mode of operation of total artificial heart, for example, change the waveform of frequency and control model, can cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease be entered to practise medicine
Auxiliary treatment on.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of power unit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be the present invention can endoprosthetic's heart overall schematic；It is blood circulation in square frame.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the total artificial heart of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of power unit of the present invention and its internal chamber；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that present invention control energy unit exports AC signal；
Shown in figure, 1 --- total artificial heart, 2 --- outside knapsack, 11,12,13,14 --- power unit, 112 --- it is dynamic
Central cavity in power unit, 111,113,121,131,141,151,161 --- the connection unit containing traffic organising unit,
15 --- fixed cell, 16 --- control can unit.
Specific embodiment
Following examples are only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it is to be understood that reading
After the content of instruction of the present invention, those skilled in the art can be made various changes or modifications to the present invention, these shapes of equal value
Formula equally falls within the application appended claims limited range.
The invention provides a kind of total artificial heart that can be built-in, described total artificial heart can be positioned over the body of organism
Interior, described total artificial heart includes that fixed cell 15, control can 16,4 power units of unit and at least 4 traffic organising units
Composition, as shown in Fig. 2 flexible dynamic unit of the described power unit for tubulose, its basal diameter 2-6cm, high 4-12cm are thick
Degree 0.5-1.5mm, VHB adhesive tape of the material using the production of 3M companies.The volume of overall artificial heart is close to the heart of adult normal
Volume, about 400 cm3, power is approximate with normal human's Heart Pumping Power to be about 2W, has been floated according to human body working condition, if
Meter mechanical efficiency is more than 50%.Power unit 11 flows to control unit 111 by first with power unit 13 and is connected, as
Right atrium and right ventricle, and flow to control unit 131 by second and be connected with pulmonary artery,；Power unit 12 and power unit
14 are connected by the 3rd traffic organising unit 121, as left atrium and left ventricle, and pass through the 4th traffic organising unit 141
It is connected with aorta.The outlet of power unit 11 is connected with pulmonary artery, and the outlet of power unit 12 is connected with aorta.Connection
Mode can adopt but be not limited to bond, be threadedly coupled, weld, groove connection, flange connection, the various ways such as socket joint connection.Stream
Traffic organising unit is built-in with to control unit, the flow direction for controlling blood in artificial heart is power unit 13 --- power unit
11 --- pulmonary artery --- pulmonary vein --- power unit 14 --- power unit 12 --- aorta --- vena systemica --- move
Power unit 13.
Fixed cell can adopt titanium alloy frame to ensure good biocompatibility, and connect four power units are solid
Surely get up and be fixed on rib together（The features such as titanium alloy has high intensity, low-density and good biocompatibility）.Control
Energy unit provides energy using 9V lithium batteries, exports the pulse current of 1000V to power unit after amplifying circuit.First
Under beginning state, the voltage of 1000V is all applied with four power units, first the voltage of power unit 13,14 is removed, power
The 1000V voltages of unit 11,12 keep.After 0.5 second, the voltage of 1000V is applied with again to power unit 13,14, together
When the voltage of power unit 11 and power unit 12 is removed, after 0.5 second, remove the voltage of power unit 13,14, again
The voltage of 1000V is applied with to power unit 11,12, after 0.5 second, again by power unit 13 and power unit 14
Voltage is removed.So circulation constitutes a blood circulation.Due to power unit work when, the shadow of the center portion thereof point stream field
Ring little.So control energy unit can be fixed on titanium alloy frame（Fig. 2）, it is also possible to control energy unit is placed in power unit
In the cavity at portion center（Fig. 3）.
Outside knapsack be wireless charging unit, solar panel, lithium battery, signal generator, signal receiving device, control
Device integration module processed, is installed in the lightweight polymeric box with brace that size is 20cm × 20cm × 5cm, and in outside
Wrap up one layer of rubber to protect human body.Can be used for the monitor and controller of artificial heart at ordinary times, it is also possible to as insider
The additional power supply of work heart.
The present invention significantly simplifies the frame for movement of Traditional Man heart using flexible structure as power unit, reduces
The energy consumption of artificial heart, realizes the complete built-in of artificial heart.On the other hand noise during operation is reduced, fortune is reduced
Row and the cost safeguarded, have auxiliary therapeutic action simultaneously for some common cardiovascular disease.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of total artificial heart that can be built-in, it is characterised in that：Described total artificial heart can be positioned over the internal of organism,
Described total artificial heart includes fixed cell, control energy unit, 4 power units and at least 4 traffic organising units, wherein：
The power unit is the high-elastic body thin film of cryptomere dielectric driven by alternating voltage, and described power unit can be individually
As atrium or ventricle；Two power units in described power unit flow to control unit by first and are connected to form the right side
Atrium and right ventricle, and flow to control unit by second and be connected with pulmonary artery；Two other power unit is by the 3rd stream
Left atrium and left ventricle are connected to form to control unit, and are connected with aorta by the 4th traffic organising unit；
Fixed cell is used for fixed control can unit, each power unit and traffic organising unit；
The control energy unit provides energy, described control energy unit output alternation to described traffic organising unit, power unit
Voltage is used to control each power unit independent operating to produce circulation power, the frequency of the alternating voltage and the heart of organism
Frequency hopping rate correspondence.
2. total artificial heart that can be built-in according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：With containing between described power unit
The connection unit for having traffic organising unit is connected.
3. total artificial heart that can be built-in according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：Described total artificial heart is also
Including outside knapsack, the outside knapsack is for described total artificial heart energy supply, communication, monitoring and control.
4. according to any one of claim 1-3 can be built-in total artificial heart, it is characterised in that：Described at least one
Power unit includes internal cavities.
5. total artificial heart that can be built-in according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described control energy unit is placed in arbitrarily
In the internal cavities of one power unit.
6. according to any one of claim 1-5 can be built-in total artificial heart, it is characterised in that：The alternating voltage
Waveform is selected from any one in sine wave, square wave and triangular wave or arbitrarily various.
7. according to any one of claim 1-5 can be built-in total artificial heart, it is characterised in that：Described control energy unit
Can be connected with fixed cell and be placed in outside described power unit.
8. according to any one of claim 1-5 can be built-in total artificial heart, it is characterised in that：The control energy unit bag
Include control module, power module, wireless charging module, communication module.
9. a kind of ventricular assist device that can be built-in, it is characterised in that：Described ventricular assist device can be positioned over organism
In vivo, described ventricular assist device includes that fixed cell, control can unit, at least one power unit and at least one traffic organisings
Unit, wherein：
The power unit is the high-elastic body thin film of cryptomere dielectric driven by alternating voltage, and described power unit can be individually
As atrium or ventricle；Described power unit directly passes through traffic organising unit or the connection unit containing traffic organising unit
With the corresponding blood vessel and cardia connection of institute alternate sites；
Described fixed cell is used for fixed control can unit, each power unit and traffic organising unit；
The control energy unit can be monitored heart working and be provided energy and control signal, described control energy to the power unit
Unit output is used to control each power unit independent operating to produce circulation power with the control signal of alternating voltage form, institute
The frequency for stating alternating voltage is corresponding with the palmic rate of organism.
10. described in any one of claim 1-8 can be built-in total artificial heart or claim 9 described in can be built-in auxiliary
Artificial heart purposes medically.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510869434X | 2015-12-02 | ||
| CN201510869434 | 2015-12-02 |
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| CN108649708A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-10-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of wireless power supply system of the dynamic heartbeat model- following control based on artificial blood supply thin-film material |
| WO2019047623A1 (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | 苏州迈迪威检测技术有限公司 | Fluid driving device |
| CN109589463A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-09 | 李树文 | A kind of artificial heart of stacked dielectric elastomer driving |
| CN110665089A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-10 | 浙江师范大学 | Electrostatic peristaltic pump for blood conveying |
| CN111330103A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 中国医科大学附属第一医院 | Intelligent hemodynamic auxiliary instrument |
| CN112530253A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Human body pulse condition simulator |
| CN113482893A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Flexible pump based on dielectric elastic material |
| CN113646031A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2021-11-12 | 默罕默德·穆赫辛·萨阿达特 | Artificial heart system |
| CN114367032A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Flexible diaphragm, electromagnetic drive bag type artificial heart and control method |
| CN114367030A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Sequential folding type artificial blood pump, artificial heart and control method thereof |
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| CN113482893A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Flexible pump based on dielectric elastic material |
| CN113482893B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-04-01 | 浙江大学 | Flexible pump based on dielectric elastic material |
| CN114367032A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Flexible diaphragm, electromagnetic drive bag type artificial heart and control method |
| CN114367030A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Sequential folding type artificial blood pump, artificial heart and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170412 |