CN106559684B - Method, terminal and system for reducing live broadcast delay - Google Patents
Method, terminal and system for reducing live broadcast delay Download PDFInfo
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- CN106559684B CN106559684B CN201510639278.8A CN201510639278A CN106559684B CN 106559684 B CN106559684 B CN 106559684B CN 201510639278 A CN201510639278 A CN 201510639278A CN 106559684 B CN106559684 B CN 106559684B
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- media stream
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
- H04N21/2402—Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/23805—Controlling the feeding rate to the network, e.g. by controlling the video pump
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method, a terminal and a system for reducing live broadcast delay, wherein the method for reducing the live broadcast delay comprises the following steps: downloading the media stream slice from a server through a terminal; and the network bandwidth B of the terminal connected with the server is detected, and when the network bandwidth B is larger than the preset bandwidth, the playing probe points to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing, so that the aim of reducing the live broadcast time delay is fulfilled without adding additional hardware equipment or changing the original streaming media network equipment, and the user experience is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of internet, in particular to a method, a terminal and a system for reducing live broadcast delay.
Background
The audio and video slice is used for supporting the playing of a HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Live stream (Live Streaming). HTTP Live Streaming is an HTTP-based Streaming media transport protocol proposed by Apple inc (Apple). The whole audio and video stream is cut into small audio and video streams which can be downloaded through HTTP, a playlist (M3U8) is generated, and the client can play the audio and video only by acquiring the M3U8 playlist of resources.
The current user home network bandwidth is higher and higher, and the condition that the actual network bandwidth of the user is enough abundant is not considered in the live broadcast streaming playing mode adopted at present, but all videos are sliced in the mode of the same time length, the number of the fixed slices downloaded at each time is buffered, and the downloaded slices are played one by one, so that unnecessary time delay is caused, and the user experience is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method, a terminal and a system for reducing live broadcast delay.
The method for reducing live broadcast delay provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and downloading the media stream slice from the server.
And detecting a network bandwidth B connected with the server, and when the network bandwidth B is larger than a preset bandwidth, pointing a playing probe to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing.
Specifically, the server includes a media server and a media delivery server (CDN).
Downloading the media stream slice from the server includes:
and the terminal sends a live broadcast request to the media server, wherein the live broadcast request comprises the terminal identification ID and the address of the media server.
The media server encodes and assembles a media stream.
And the media delivery server CDN slices the media stream, indexes each media stream slice, and generates an index file.
The terminal downloads the index file and downloads the media stream slice according to the rule provided by the index file; wherein the media stream slice comprises a media stream slice average code rate M.
In the embodiments of the above method for reducing live broadcast latency, the index file includes an M3U index file, and the EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag in the M3U index file includes a codec attribute, where the codec attribute includes the average bitrate M.
Specifically, detecting the network bandwidth B connecting the server includes:
determining the byte size Q contained in the media stream slice and the time length T required for downloading the media stream slice, and calculating to obtain the network bandwidth B through B-Q/T.
In another embodiment of the method for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the preset bandwidth is M.
When the network bandwidth B is greater than a preset bandwidth, the playing the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth by pointing the playing probe to a position of the media stream slice includes:
and when B is larger than M, the playing probe points to a media stream slice of a first time point O-Z corresponding to the network bandwidth B to play, wherein Z is S/N, the bandwidth-to-code ratio N is B/M, O is the current time, and S is the total duration of the media stream slice.
In another embodiment of the method for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the method further includes:
and when B is less than or equal to M, the playing probe points to the media stream slice of the second time point O-S corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playing.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a terminal for reducing the live broadcast delay, which comprises:
and the slice downloading unit is used for downloading the media stream slices from the server.
And the bandwidth detection unit is used for detecting the network bandwidth B of the terminal connected with the server.
And the playing unit is used for pointing the playing probe to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing when the network bandwidth B is larger than the preset bandwidth.
In a specific embodiment of the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the server includes a media server and a CDN.
The downloading unit sends a live broadcast request to a media server, wherein the live broadcast request comprises the terminal identification ID and the address of the media server; downloading the media stream slice according to the rule provided by the index file; the index file encodes a media stream through the media server and assembles the media stream; the media delivery server CDN slices the media stream, indexes each media stream slice and generates the slice; the media stream slice comprises a media stream slice average code rate M.
In each embodiment of the terminal for reducing the live broadcast delay, the index file includes an M3U index file, and an EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag in the M3U index file includes a codec attribute, where the codec attribute includes the average bitrate M.
In a specific embodiment of the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the bandwidth detecting unit specifically determines a byte size Q included in the media stream slice and a time length T required for downloading the media stream slice, and obtains the network bandwidth B by calculating B ═ Q/T.
In a specific embodiment of the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the preset bandwidth is M.
And when B is greater than M, the playing unit points the playing probe to a media stream slice of a first time point O-Z corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playing, wherein Z is S/N, the bandwidth-to-code ratio N is B/M, O is the current time, and S is the total duration of the media stream slice.
Based on another embodiment of the terminal for reducing the live broadcast delay, when B is less than or equal to M, the playing unit is further configured to point the playing probe to a media stream slice of a second time point O-S corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playing.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a system for reducing the live broadcast delay, which comprises: a server and a terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to any embodiment.
According to the method, the terminal and the system for reducing the live broadcast delay, the media stream slice is downloaded from the server through the terminal; and the network bandwidth B connected with the server is detected, and when the network bandwidth B is larger than the preset bandwidth, the playing probe points to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing, so that the aim of reducing the live broadcast time delay is fulfilled without adding additional hardware equipment or changing the original streaming media network equipment, and the user experience is effectively improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for reducing live broadcast delay according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a method for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an application embodiment of the method for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another application embodiment of the method for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for reducing live broadcast delay according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the system for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for reducing live broadcast delay in the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method for reducing live broadcast delay in the embodiment includes:
and S101, downloading the media stream slice from the server.
The server may include a media server and a media delivery server (CDN).
S102, detecting a network bandwidth B connected with a media server, and judging whether the network bandwidth B is larger than a preset bandwidth.
If the network bandwidth B is greater than the preset bandwidth, step S103 is executed, otherwise, the subsequent process is not executed.
S103, the playing probe is pointed to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth to be played.
The method for reducing the live broadcast delay provided by the embodiment of the invention downloads the media stream slice from the server through the terminal; and the network bandwidth B connected with the server is detected, and when the network bandwidth B is larger than the preset bandwidth, the playing probe points to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing, so that the aim of reducing the live broadcast time delay is fulfilled without adding additional hardware equipment or changing the original streaming media network equipment, and the user experience is effectively improved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of another embodiment of the method for reducing live broadcast delay of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the method for reducing live broadcast delay of the embodiment includes:
s201, the terminal sends a live broadcast request to the media server, wherein the live broadcast request comprises a terminal Identification (ID) and a media server address.
The terminal can be a live-broadcast terminal such as a mobile phone, a computer and a smart television.
S202, the media server encodes the media stream and assembles the media stream.
And S203, the media delivery server (CDN) slices the media stream, indexes each media stream slice, and generates an index file.
S204, the terminal downloads the index file and downloads the media stream slice according to the rule provided by the index file; the media stream slice comprises a media stream slice average code rate M.
In one embodiment, for live streaming media slices, 3 streaming media slices are generally downloaded in advance, and if the number of the streaming media slices is too large, the real-time performance of the live streaming is also affected.
And S205, determining the byte size Q contained in the media stream slice and the time length T required for downloading the media stream slice, and calculating to obtain the network bandwidth B according to B-Q/T.
S206, judging whether the network bandwidth B is larger than a preset bandwidth, wherein the preset bandwidth is M.
If B > M, go to step S207, if B ≦ M, go to step S208.
And S207, the playing probe points to the media stream slice of the first time point O-Z corresponding to the network bandwidth B to play.
Wherein, Z is S/N, the bandwidth-to-code ratio N is B/M, O is the current time, and S is the total duration of the media stream slice.
In a specific example, the total time of the media stream slice is 30 seconds, and the bandwidth is 3 times of the code rate, the playing probe jumps the playing time to 10s from the current time point slice for playing.
And S208, the playing probe points to the media stream slice of the second time point O-S corresponding to the network bandwidth B to play.
According to the method for reducing the live broadcast delay, when the bandwidth of the user is large, live broadcast video with less delay can be provided for the user, and therefore the experience of watching the live broadcast video is provided for the user.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an application embodiment of the method for reducing live broadcast delay of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the method for reducing live broadcast delay of the embodiment includes:
s301, the terminal requests M3U index file from the CDN server.
S302, the terminal acquires the M3U index file from the CDN server.
S303, the terminal downloads 3 streaming media slices according to the address provided by the M3U index file
And S304, completing the downloading of the 3 streaming media slices.
S305, the terminal stores the downloaded 3 streaming media slices in a cache.
S306, the terminal obtains the code rate of the streaming media slice from the M3U file
S307, the terminal calculates a network bandwidth connected to the streaming media distribution server.
Specifically, the algorithm for network bandwidth estimation is as follows: then B is Q/T, where B denotes bandwidth, Q denotes slice byte size, and T denotes download duration.
When B > M, it means that the bandwidth is sufficiently large. N is B/M, and N represents that the bandwidth is a multiple of the code rate.
When B < ═ M, the bandwidth is not enough.
And S308, the terminal tests the playing time point of the playing probe according to the calculated network bandwidth result.
As shown in fig. 4, when B > M, the player probe can be used for jumping play, and the calculation formula of the jumping time point is: z ═ S/N, where S denotes the total slice duration (sum of 3 slice durations). That is, in the case of the network bandwidth, since the total time length of 3 slices is Z seconds, Z-second buffering is required.
S309, the terminal moves the playing probe to play at the calculated playing time point.
Optionally, referring back to fig. 4, when B < ═ M, the sequential playing is performed in the existing manner.
S310, after the streaming media slice is played, requesting a next segment M3U index file.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a terminal for reducing live broadcast delay in the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay in the embodiment includes: a slice downloading unit 501, a bandwidth detecting unit 502 and a playing unit 503, wherein:
a slice downloading unit 501, configured to download a media stream slice from a server.
A bandwidth detecting unit 502, configured to detect a network bandwidth B of the terminal connected to the server.
The playing unit 503 is configured to point the playing probe to a position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing when the network bandwidth B is greater than the preset bandwidth.
According to the terminal for reducing the live broadcast delay, the media stream slice is downloaded from the server through the terminal; and the network bandwidth B connected with the server is detected, and when the network bandwidth B is larger than the preset bandwidth, the playing probe points to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing, so that the aim of reducing the live broadcast time delay is fulfilled without adding additional hardware equipment or changing the original streaming media network equipment, and the user experience is effectively improved.
In a specific embodiment of the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the server includes a media server and a CDN.
The downloading unit sends a live broadcast request to the media server, wherein the live broadcast request comprises a terminal identification ID and a media server address; downloading the media stream slices according to the rules provided by the index file; the index file encodes the media stream through the media server and assembles the media stream; the CDN slices the media streams, indexes each media stream slice and generates the slice; the media stream slice comprises a media stream slice average code rate M.
Specifically, in the above-described embodiment, the index file includes the M3U index file, and the EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag in the M3U index file contains a CODECS attribute that contains the average bitrate M.
In another embodiment of the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the bandwidth detecting unit 502 specifically determines a byte size Q included in the media stream slice and a time length T required for downloading the media stream slice, and obtains the network bandwidth B by calculating B ═ Q/T.
In another embodiment of the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the preset bandwidth is M.
Specifically, when B > M, the playing unit 503 points the playing probe to the media stream slice at the first time point O-Z corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playing, where Z is S/N, the bandwidth-to-code ratio N is B/M, O is the current time, and S is the total duration of the media stream slice.
In another embodiment of the terminal for reducing live broadcast delay according to the present invention, the playing unit 503 is further configured to point the playing probe to a media stream slice of the second time point O-S corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playing when B is less than or equal to M.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the system for reducing live broadcast delay of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the system for reducing live broadcast delay of the embodiment includes: a server 601 and a terminal 602, wherein
The server 601 is configured to provide streaming media slices for the terminal 602.
A terminal 602, configured to upload and download a media stream slice from a server 601; and detecting a network bandwidth B connected to the server 601, and when the network bandwidth B is greater than a preset bandwidth, pointing the play probe to a position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing.
According to the system for reducing the live broadcast delay, the media stream slices are downloaded from the server through the terminal; and the network bandwidth B connected with the server is detected, and when the network bandwidth B is larger than the preset bandwidth, the playing probe points to the position of the media stream slice corresponding to the network bandwidth for playing, so that the aim of reducing the live broadcast time delay is fulfilled without adding additional hardware equipment or changing the original streaming media network equipment, and the user experience is effectively improved.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the system for reducing live broadcast delay of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, in the system for reducing live broadcast delay of the embodiment, a server 601 includes a media server 703 and a CDN 704, where:
a media server 703 for encoding a media stream and assembling the media stream;
the CDN 704 is configured to slice the media streams, index each media stream slice, and generate an index file.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for implementing the method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program performs the steps including the method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
The method, system of the present invention may be implemented in a number of ways. For example, the methods and systems of the present invention may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, and firmware. The above-described order for the steps of the method is for illustrative purposes only, and the steps of the method of the present invention are not limited to the order specifically described above unless specifically indicated otherwise. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present invention may also be embodied as a program recorded in a recording medium, the program including machine-readable instructions for implementing a method according to the present invention. Thus, the present invention also covers a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present invention.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (9)
1. A method for reducing live broadcast latency, comprising:
downloading media stream slices from a server;
detecting a network bandwidth B connecting the server, comprising: determining the byte size Q contained in the media stream slice and the time length T required for downloading the media stream slice, and calculating to obtain the network bandwidth B through B-Q/T;
and when the network bandwidth B is larger than a preset bandwidth M, pointing a playing probe to the position of a media stream slice of a first time point O-Z corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playing, wherein Z is S/N, the bandwidth-to-code ratio N is B/M, O is the current time, and S is the total duration of the media stream slice.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the servers comprise media servers and media Delivery Servers (CDNs);
downloading the media stream slice from the server includes:
a terminal sends a live broadcast request to the media server, wherein the live broadcast request comprises the terminal identification ID and the media server address;
the media server encodes a media stream and assembles the media stream;
the CDN slices the media streams, indexes each media stream slice, and generates an index file;
the terminal downloads the index file and downloads the media stream slice according to the rule provided by the index file; the media stream slice comprises a media stream slice average code rate M, and the average code rate M is used as the preset bandwidth M.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the index file comprises an M3U index file, and wherein an EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag in the M3U index file contains a CODECS attribute, wherein the CODECS attribute contains the average bitrate M.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when B is less than or equal to M, the playing probe points to the media stream slice of the second time point O-S corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playing.
5. A terminal for reducing live broadcast delay, comprising:
the slice downloading unit is used for downloading the media stream slices from the server;
a bandwidth detecting unit, configured to detect a network bandwidth B that the terminal connects to the server, where the detecting the network bandwidth B that the terminal connects to the server includes: determining the byte size Q contained in the media stream slice and the time length T required for downloading the media stream slice, and calculating to obtain the network bandwidth B through B-Q/T;
and the playing unit is used for pointing the playing probe to the position of the media stream slice of the first time point O-Z corresponding to the network bandwidth B to play when the network bandwidth B is larger than a preset bandwidth M, wherein Z is S/N, the bandwidth-to-code ratio N is B/M, O is the current time, and S is the total duration of the media stream slice.
6. The terminal according to claim 5, wherein the server comprises a media server and a media delivery server (CDN);
the downloading unit sends a live broadcast request to the media server, wherein the live broadcast request comprises the terminal identification ID and the address of the media server; downloading the media stream slice according to the rule provided by the index file; the index file encodes a media stream through the media server and assembles the media stream; the media delivery server CDN slices the media stream, indexes each media stream slice and generates the slice; the media stream slice comprises an average code rate M of the media stream slice, and the average code rate M is used as the preset bandwidth M.
7. The terminal of claim 6, wherein the index file comprises an M3U index file, wherein an EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag in the M3U index file comprises a CODEC attribute, and wherein the CODEC attribute comprises the average bitrate M.
8. The terminal of claim 5, wherein the playback unit is further configured to point the playback probe to a media stream slice of a second time point O-S corresponding to the network bandwidth B for playback when B is less than or equal to M.
9. A system for reducing live latency, comprising: the server, its characterized in that still includes: a terminal for reducing live delay as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8.
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| CN101146221A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2008-03-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Dynamic adjusting method and system for playing pointer in P2P direct broadcasting |
| CN102413379A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-04-11 | 中国传媒大学 | Starting delaying method for streaming media live broadcasting system |
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| US11025962B2 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2021-06-01 | Adobe Inc. | System and method for low-latency content streaming |
| CN103051955B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2016-08-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Flow media playing method and device |
| CN103986976B (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2017-05-24 | 北京赛维安讯科技发展有限公司 | Content delivery network (CDN)-based transmission system and method |
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| CN101146221A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2008-03-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Dynamic adjusting method and system for playing pointer in P2P direct broadcasting |
| CN102413379A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-04-11 | 中国传媒大学 | Starting delaying method for streaming media live broadcasting system |
| CN104683884A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 网宿科技股份有限公司 | Live method and system for stream medium |
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