CN106558662A - Ion-conductive membranes, using the flow battery and preparation method of the ion-conductive membranes - Google Patents

Ion-conductive membranes, using the flow battery and preparation method of the ion-conductive membranes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106558662A
CN106558662A CN201510628988.0A CN201510628988A CN106558662A CN 106558662 A CN106558662 A CN 106558662A CN 201510628988 A CN201510628988 A CN 201510628988A CN 106558662 A CN106558662 A CN 106558662A
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ion
conductive membranes
coating
conductive
base layer
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CN106558662B (en
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杨振坤
张华民
许晓波
李颖
高素军
马相坤
张宇
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Dalian Rongke Power Co Ltd
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Dalian Rongke Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/463Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241Composites
    • H01M8/0245Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/18Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
    • H01M8/184Regeneration by electrochemical means
    • H01M8/188Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of ion-conductive membranes, including ion-conductive membranes base layer, the ion-conductive membranes base layer is provided with coating, and the swelling ratio of the covering layer material is not higher than 0.5 times of the swelling ratio of the ion-conductive membranes matrix layer material.At least one in the material selected from ceramics powder of the coating, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, politef, polrvinyl chloride, polypropylene or epoxy resin.The present invention, by setting coating in ion-conductive membranes base layer, is not in Swelling after making ion-conductive membranes meet water again so that simple and easy to do dry dress packaging technology is achieved.Compared with the wet film of prior art is assembled, battery coulombic efficiency and energy efficiency 2%~3% are improve, additionally, also substantially increasing the service life of flow battery.

Description

Ion-conductive membranes, using the flow battery and preparation method of the ion-conductive membranes
Technical field
The present invention's is related to flow battery technology field, more particularly to a kind of flow battery ion-conductive membranes and its preparation Method.
Background technology
Flow cell pile includes the structures such as electrode frame, positive and negative electrode and ion-conductive membranes.Electrode frame is hollow structure, Positive and negative electrode is located therein dummy section, and ion-conductive membranes are located between positive and negative electrode, the both side surface of ion-conductive membranes Surrounding edge is in close contact with electrode frame.
In prior art, when flow battery is assembled, cannot often realize directly using the ionic conduction under drying regime Film (dry film) assemble pile, this be as untreated ion-conductive membranes are assembled on pile after, ion-conductive membranes Water absorption and swelling phenomenon can occur with electrolyte contacts so that the area and size of ion-conductive membranes changes, and ion The surrounding edge of conductive membranes is in close contact with electrode frame and is compressed, cause the part membrane material cannot continue after swelling to Extend outside pile, so as to pile up a number of fold in the region, the appearance of fold will substantially reduce ionic conduction Film and the sealing of both sides electrode frame, so as to increase the risk of pile internal electrical losses and leakage, reduce pile stable Property, shorten the pile life-span.Therefore, to avoid problem above, the mode that pile is assembled in prior art is using moistening State ion-conductive membranes (wet film) assembling pile, will dry film be first placed in water, electrolyte after complete wetting formed Wet film carries out the assembling of pile again.
But there is following technical problem and defect using wet film assembling pile:
1. dry film infiltration is for, after wet film, the tensile strength of membrane material at least declines 20%, causes the longevity of ion-conductive membranes Life is reduced, and after battery experience longtime running, ion-conductive membranes occur that situations such as crackle is even broken occurs.
2., due to having infiltrated a certain amount of liquid, inevitably there is lower thickness, aperture and becomes big problem in wet film, The ion in fluid cell electrolyte is caused to be accelerated by the speed that film both sides are permeated so that the coulombic efficiency of flow battery 2%-3% is reduced, energy efficiency is also decreased.
3. wet film has the electrolyte of corrosivity and electric conductivity due to the public runner through-hole wall directly contact of its electrolyte, When flow battery runs, the electrolyte reality infiltrated in the electrolyte of the public runner through hole of electrolyte and membrane material inside Now turn on, so as to produce by-pass current so that interior leaky occurs again and again, and the electric energy for producing that leaks electricity is often with warm Amount mode is consumed, so as to cause the public runner through hole of wet film electrolyte overheated (local temperature can exceed that 50 DEG C), So that electrolyte active substance separates out and is formed the crystalline material of strong oxidizing property at high operating temperatures, these solid matter heaps Product on the public runner of electrolyte of ion-conductive membranes has further speeded up ion-conductive membranes and has been particularly the public stream of electrolyte The corrosion rate of road inwall so that ion-conductive membranes start hole occur, split from the public runner through hole of electrolyte first Stricture of vagina, causes ion-conductive membranes entirety crack damage, pile integrally to be scrapped, and battery system cannot be continued to run with.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem produced by prior art wet film assembled battery pile, the present invention provides a kind of liquid stream electricity Pond ion-conductive membranes and preparation method thereof, can avoid low ion-conductive membranes tensile strength, the interior electric leakage of battery, battery storehouse Human relations efficiency is low, the low technological deficiency of energy efficiency, improves the performance and service life of flow cell pile.
Present invention aim at a kind of ion-conductive membranes are provided, including ion-conductive membranes base layer, the ion-conductive membranes Base layer is provided with coating, and the swelling ratio of the covering layer material is not higher than the molten of the ion-conductive membranes matrix layer material 0.5 times of swollen rate.
Ion-conductive membranes base layer material of the present invention be flow battery versatile material, specifically preferably contain acidic group or Fluorine-containing, the non-fluorinated polymer of acyloxy derivativess.
It is as preferred technical scheme, the material selected from ceramics powder of the coating, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, poly- At least one in tetrafluoroethene, polrvinyl chloride, polypropylene or epoxy resin.
Used as preferred technical scheme, the thickness of the coating is 0.01mm-0.5mm.
Used as preferred technical scheme, at least one surface on two surfaces of the ion-conductive membranes base layer is provided with Three-back-shaped coating;Peripheral dimension of the outward flange size of the three-back-shaped coating not less than ion-conductive membranes base layer, Peripheral dimension of the inward flange size of the three-back-shaped coating I more than electrode.
As preferred technical scheme, at least one side of four cross sectional sides of the ion-conductive membranes base layer It is provided with the coating.
Used as preferred technical scheme, the ion-conductive membranes base layer is provided with the public runner through hole of electrolyte, the electricity The inner wall surface of the public runner through hole of solution liquid is provided with the coating.
Used as preferred technical scheme, the ion-conductive membranes base layer is provided with location hole, the inwall table of the location hole Face is provided with the coating.
The present invention another object is that the processing technique of ion-conductive membranes, by the above covering layer material by brushing, spraying Apply, bond, impregnating or the mode of hot pressing is engaged in the ion-conductive membranes base layer.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide flow battery electricity and pushes away, comprising above-described ion-conductive membranes.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1st, meet water-swellable characteristic as flow battery ion-conductive membranes are present, meet during causing dry dress after water it is swelling go out Existing problem of leakage, therefore prior art intermediate ion conductive membranes cannot be using dry dress.And the present invention is by ion-conductive membranes Base layer sets coating, is not in Swelling after making ion-conductive membranes meet water again so that simple and easy to do dry dress group Dress technique is achieved.Compared with the wet film of prior art is assembled, battery coulombic efficiency and energy efficiency are improve 2%~3%, additionally, also substantially increasing the service life of flow battery.
2nd, untreated ion-conducting membrane material intensity difference, restricts the flow battery life-span, and the ion that the present invention is provided is passed Guided membrane sets three-back-shaped coating in the one or both sides in its region contacted with electrode frame, and both sides can be same material Can be that different materials are constituted, while flow battery voltage efficiency is not affected, by the mechanical strength of ion-conductive membranes More than 50% is improved, so as to greatly improve flow cell pile performance.
3rd, the ion-conductive membranes that the present invention is provided, at least one side of four cross sectional sides of its ion-conductive membranes base layer Face is provided with the coating;The capillarity of ion-conductive membranes is prevented, and ion-conductive membranes is secured from thickness direction Size.
4th, the ion-conductive membranes that the present invention is provided, also set coating in the inwall of the public runner of the electrolyte of ion-conductive membranes, By the isolation of coating, it is to avoid the electrolyte received inside ion-conductive membranes and electrolyte public runner through hole Electrolyte directly contact, has fundamentally prevented electric leakage in caused by the leak channel that ion-conductive membranes are internally formed and has made Into ion-conductive membranes permanent damage;Meanwhile, also overcome the problem that ion-conductive membranes are corroded.
5th, the ion-conductive membranes that the present invention is provided, also set coating in the inwall of the location hole of ion-conductive membranes, by fixed Isolation and solidification that around the hole of position, the coating of upper and lower surface and inwall is played, it is ensured that location hole is in contact electricity Size, location and shape before and after solution liquid is unchanged, so as to solve in prior art pile due to a certain section monocell Go wrong when needing dismounting to re-assembly, because of the change of ion-conductive membranes position of positioning hole and size, cause pile without Method quickly realizes the problem of secondary assembling.
6th, the ion-conductive membranes that the present invention is provided, its coating can bear acid solution of the hydrogen ion concentration less than 10M, That what is can born between the coating and ion-conductive membranes base layer intrinsic pressure is not less than 2kg/cm2
Description of the drawings
5 width of accompanying drawing of the present invention,
Each part position relations schematic diagram of ion-conductive membranes of the Fig. 1 with coating;
Finished product schematic diagram after the cladding coating process of Fig. 2 ion-conductive membranes;
Sectional view A-A after the public runner process of ion-conductive membranes of the Fig. 3 with coating;
Cross-sectional views B-B after Fig. 4 process of the ion-conductive membranes location hole with coating;
Sectional view C-C after Fig. 5 process of the ion-conductive membranes outward flange with coating;
In figure, 1 barrier film, 2 coats, the public runner through hole of 3 electrolyte, 4 location holes.
Specific embodiment
Following non-limiting examples can make one of ordinary skill in the art be more fully understood the present invention, but not with Any mode limits the present invention.
Film edge stretching strength determination method, with reference to GB/T 1040.3-2006.
Embodiment 1
Ion-conductive membranes base layer, material are Nafion115 ion-conductive membranes, and size is 400mm × 300mm.
The material of coating is polypropylene hot melt adhesive film, and thickness is 0.2mm.
Two surfaces of ion-conductive membranes base layer are equipped with three-back-shaped coating, and outward flange size is 400mm × 300mm, inward flange size are 350mm × 250mm.
Processing technique is that polypropylene hot melt adhesive film is cut into the three-back-shaped of two above-mentioned sizes using resin cleavage mould Structure, as three-back-shaped coating.It is respectively placed in ion-conductive membranes both sides, it is ensured that its outward flange and ionic conduction Film outward flange neatly aligns.The ion-conductive membranes that both sides are equipped with three-back-shaped coating are placed into hot press is carried out at hot pressing Reason, heat pressing process are as follows:Temperature is 100 DEG C, and pressure is 3MPa, hot pressing time 40S, is obtained with coating Ion-conductive membranes.This ion-conductive membranes assembling 2kW piles (electrode size is 350mm × 250mm) is adopted to go forward side by side Row charge and discharge cycles, test data are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
Nafion115 ion-conductive membranes, size are 400mm × 300mm.Dress is done directly for assembling using the membrane material 2kW piles simultaneously carry out charge and discharge cycles, and test data is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
Nafion115 ion-conductive membranes, size are 360mm × 270mm, soak 2.5h in being placed on deionized water Afterwards, size is swelling for 400mm × 300mm.2kW piles are assembled into using the membrane material and charge and discharge cycles are carried out, Test data is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
Ion-conductive membranes base layer, material are Nafion117 ion-conductive membranes, and it is public that film edge is provided with four electrolyte Runner through hole, size are 580mm × 750mm.
The material of coating is ceramics (addition binding agent is mixed into pottery slurry), thickness 0.1mm.
The inner wall surface of the public runner through hole of four electrolyte is provided with coating.
Two surfaces of ion-conductive membranes base layer are equipped with three-back-shaped coating, and outward flange size is 590mm × 760mm, inward flange 530mm × 680mm.
Processing technique is:Insulation blocking is carried out to the region that ion-conductive membranes base layer is not required to coat coating, then will be mixed Close uniform pottery slurry coating to the three-back-shaped region on two surfaces of ion-conductive membranes and logical for the public runner of electrolyte Hole inwall is carefully smeared, and the region that the ion-conductive membranes that coating is finished are placed in air circulation is dried, is obtained Ion-conductive membranes with coating.Batch working can be completed using coating line direct operation, can also be adopted on a small quantity Completed with manual brushing operation.Adopt this ion-conductive membranes assembling 20kW piles (electrode size for 530mm × 680mm) and charge and discharge cycles are carried out, test data is shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 3
Nafion117 ion-conductive membranes, size are 580mm × 750mm.Dress is done directly for assembling using the membrane material 20kW piles simultaneously carry out charge and discharge cycles, and test data is shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 4
Nafion117 ion-conductive membranes, size are 540mm × 690mm, are placed on 1.4mol/L sulfuric acid system vanadium After electrolyte immersion 1.5h, size is swelling for 580mm × 750mm.20kW piles are assembled into simultaneously using the membrane material Charge and discharge cycles are carried out, test data is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
Ion-conductive membranes base layer, material are porous ion conductive membranes, and size is 500mm × 700mm.
The material of tectum structure be politef, thickness 0.15mm.
One surface of ion-conductive membranes base layer is provided with three-back-shaped coating, outward flange size 500mm × 700mm, inward flange size 450mm × 620mm;Four cross sectional sides of ion-conductive membranes base layer It is equipped with coating.
Processing technique is:Insulation blocking is carried out to the region that ion-conductive membranes base layer is not required to coat coating, by poly- four Fluorothene forms polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution in being dissolved in acetone.Using resin spray apparatus by the polytetrafluoroethyl-ne of mix homogeneously On the three-back-shaped region of alkene solution spraying to ion-conductive membranes side and on four cross sectional sides, by spraying finish from Sub- conductive membranes are placed in the region of air circulation and are dried, and obtain the ion-conductive membranes with coating.Using this ion Conductive membranes assembling 10kW piles (electrode size is 450mm × 620mm) simultaneously carry out charge and discharge cycles, test data It is shown in Table 3.
Comparative example 5
Porous ion conductive membranes, size are 500mm × 700mm.Dress is done directly for assembling 10kW using the membrane material Pile simultaneously carries out charge and discharge cycles, and test data is shown in Table 3.
Comparative example 6
Porous ion conductive membranes, size are 460mm × 650mm, after soaking 2h in being placed on deionized water, chi It is very little swelling for 500mm × 700mm.10kW piles are assembled into using the membrane material and charge and discharge cycles are carried out, are tested Data are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment 4
Ion-conductive membranes base layer, material are non-fluorine ion-conductive membranes, and size is 600mm × 950mm, and film edge sets There are several location holes.
The material of coating be epoxy resin, thickness 0.2mm.
The inner wall surface of location hole is provided with coating.
Two surfaces of ion-conductive membranes base layer are equipped with three-back-shaped coating, and outward flange 600mm × 950mm is interior Edge 550mm × 870mm.
Processing technique is:Insulation blocking is carried out to the region that ion-conductive membranes base layer is not required to coat coating, by epoxy Resin forms epoxy resin solution in being dissolved in ethanol.The surrounding of non-fluorine ion-conductive membranes be impregnated in into epoxy resin successively In solution, ion-conductive membranes minor face dipping depth be 25mm, long side impregnate depth be 40mm, dipping process The middle lower section for ensureing that location hole fully enters epoxy resin solution.The non-fluorine ion-conductive membranes that dipping is finished are placed in into air The region of circulation is dried, and obtains the ion-conductive membranes with coating.30kW is assembled using this ion-conductive membranes Pile (electrode size is 550mm × 870mm) simultaneously carries out charge and discharge cycles, and test data is shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 7
Non-fluorine ion-conductive membranes, size are 600mm × 950mm.Dress is done directly for assembling 30kW using the membrane material Pile simultaneously carries out charge and discharge cycles, and test data is shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 8
Non-fluorine ion-conductive membranes, size are 550mm × 870mm, are placed on 2.5mol/L sulphuric acid/hydrochloric acid system electricity After solution immersion bubble 1.5h, size is swelling for 600mm × 950mm.30kW piles are assembled into using the membrane material to go forward side by side Row charge and discharge cycles, test data are shown in Table 4.
Table 4

Claims (9)

1. a kind of ion-conductive membranes, including ion-conductive membranes base layer, it is characterised in that the ion-conductive membranes matrix Layer is provided with coating, and the swelling ratio of the covering layer material is not higher than the swelling ratio of the ion-conductive membranes matrix layer material 0.5 times.
2. ion-conductive membranes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material selected from ceramics powder of the coating, At least one in ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, politef, polrvinyl chloride, polypropylene or epoxy resin.
3. ion-conductive membranes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the coating is 0.01mm-0.5mm。
4. ion-conductive membranes according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that
At least one surface on two surfaces of the ion-conductive membranes base layer is provided with three-back-shaped coating;
Peripheral dimension of the outward flange size of the three-back-shaped coating not less than ion-conductive membranes base layer, the Back Word Peripheral dimension of the inward flange size of shape coating more than electrode.
5. ion-conductive membranes according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the ion-conductive membranes base At least one side of four cross sectional sides of body layer is provided with the coating.
6. ion-conductive membranes according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the ion-conductive membranes base Body layer is provided with the public runner through hole of electrolyte, and the inner wall surface of the public runner through hole of the electrolyte is provided with the coating.
7. ion-conductive membranes according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the ion-conductive membranes base Body layer is provided with location hole, and the inner wall surface of the location hole is provided with the coating.
8. the processing technique of ion-conductive membranes, it is characterised in that by covering layer material described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 The ion-conductive membranes base layer is engaged in by way of brushing, spraying, bonding, dipping or hot pressing.
9. flow battery electricity is pushed away, comprising the ion-conductive membranes described in claim 1-6 any one.
CN201510628988.0A 2015-09-28 2015-09-28 Ion-conductive membranes, flow battery and preparation method using the ion-conductive membranes Active CN106558662B (en)

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CN108963158A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-12-07 福建师范大学 A kind of preparation method of the polymer-coated film of the key compound containing P-O
CN108963158B (en) * 2018-07-10 2021-10-22 福建师范大学 Preparation method of polymer coating film containing P-O bond compound
CN111653803A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-09-11 上海电气集团股份有限公司 Sealing method of flow frame of flow battery

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