CN106557645B - A method of the aircraft ballast amount that adjustment is underwater berthed - Google Patents
A method of the aircraft ballast amount that adjustment is underwater berthed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106557645B CN106557645B CN201610124627.7A CN201610124627A CN106557645B CN 106557645 B CN106557645 B CN 106557645B CN 201610124627 A CN201610124627 A CN 201610124627A CN 106557645 B CN106557645 B CN 106557645B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aircraft
- soil
- wave
- water
- depth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Z—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G16Z99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of aircraft ballast amount for adjusting and underwater berthing, it uses so that position of underwater berthing is stable and floating requires ballast amount calculation method for restrictive condition, by according to aircraft construction parameter, it is self-possessed in aircraft water, the sediment parameter that latent seat is set, stream parameters, wave parameter calculates separately maximum allowable ballast amount and minimum allowable ballast amount, and the ballast amount of the aircraft is adjusted between the maximum allowable ballast amount and minimum allowable ballast amount, so that ballast amount adjusted is met the stable requirement in position of underwater berthing simultaneously and plays the requirement of floating capacity.
Description
Technical field
Technical field more particularly to a kind of aircraft ballast amount for underwater berthing of adjusting are sat the present invention relates to aircraft is latent
Method.
Background technique
With deepening continuously for human development ocean, the type of submarine navigation device will be more and more, wherein underwater berth
It is one of the operation form of part submarine navigation device, such as the submarine sampling operation of scientific investigation type bathyscaph.When submarine navigation device is latent
When sitting seabed, first is that must assure that the position of submarine navigation device is stablized, this is its effective operation and guarantees safe premise, no
Then, larger displacement of the submarine navigation device in seabed will result in the operation failure of submarine navigation device, even cause when serious underwater
The loss of aircraft；Second is that must assure that there is submarine navigation device the ability of aweigh floating otherwise will also cause to navigate under water
The loss of row device.In the past, correct understanding was lacked for the use problem encountered that submarine navigation device underwater berths.In recent years,
The test of submarine navigation device and this problem is exposed in part, cause satisfaction when underwater berthing to submarine navigation device
Positional stability and the attention for playing the latent seat conceptual design of floating capacity.Therefore, scientific formulation meets submarine navigation device and underwater berths
Position stabilization operates with scheme with floating Capability Requirement, is very for improving the design of submarine navigation device, using ability
Important.
Currently, it underwater berths the latent seat conceptual design that position is stable and floating requires for meeting submarine navigation device both at home and abroad
Method still lacks in-depth study, also without mature available method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes that a kind of method of aircraft ballast amount for adjusting and underwater berthing can be simultaneously by adjusting ballast amount
Meet the latent seat Haiti positional stability requirement of aircraft and floating requirement.
To realize above scheme, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of sides of aircraft ballast amount for adjusting and underwater berthing
Method, comprising the following steps:
The sediment parameter that self weight, latent seat are set in acquisition aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water；
It is calculated according to the sediment parameter being self-possessed in the aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water, latent seat is set maximum
Allow ballast amount；
Sediment parameter, the aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water set according to stream parameters, wave parameter, latent seat
In from re-computation minimum allowable ballast amount；
The ballast amount of the aircraft is adjusted between the maximum allowable ballast amount and minimum allowable ballast amount.
Preferably, described to be joined according to the sediment being self-possessed in the aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water, latent seat is set
Number calculates maximum allowable ballast amount and includes the following steps:
Enable ballast amount Wyz=Δ Wyz, enter step 201；Wherein, Δ WyzFor ballast amount increment；
Step 201, according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the sediment parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε, calculate
Settle depth Sz；Wherein, weight W in the aircraft waterbFor the W that is self-possessed in the aircraft waterb0With ballast amount WyzThe sum of: Wb=
Wb0+Wyz；
Step 202, according to weight W in the aircraft construction parameter, the aircraft waterbAnd sedimentation depth SzIt calculates
Adsorption by soil power Fb:
Wherein, b is the width value in the aircraft construction parameter；
Step 203, according to the adsorption by soil power FbCalculate reserve Fcb:
Fcb=20% × Fb；
Step 204, result above is inputted into following discriminate:
Fb+Wb+Fcb≤Ffmax,
If not, then enable Wyz=Wyz+ΔWyz, return step 201；
If so, then export maximum allowable ballast amount Wyzmax=Wyz。
Preferably, described to calculate institute according to the stream parameters, wave parameter, sediment and aircraft inherent parameters
The minimum allowable ballast amount for stating aircraft includes:
Enable ballast amount Wyz=Wyz0, enter step 301；Wherein, Wyz0For ballast amount primary quantity；
Step 301, according to when equal continuity equation:With N-S equation RANS equal in time:Obtain flow force computation model, and according to the stream parameters and this
Flow force X is calculated in modelc、Yc；
Step 302, wave force is calculated according to wave parameter following formula:
Wherein, wave parameter includes wave direction, the heavy depth wave amplitude of seat and wave direction；G is acceleration of gravity；
θDFor wave direction；φ be aircraft bow to；ζDDepth wave amplitude is sunk for seat；
CXF、CYFFor wave-drift force coefficient, which is calculated by following regression equation:
CXF=0.05-0.2 (λDx/L)+0.75(λDx/L)2-0.51(λDx/L)3
CYF=0.46-6.83 (λDy/L)-15.65(λDy/L)2+8.44(λDy/L)3
Wherein: ζ0For sea wave height；
λDy、λDxFor aircraft relative wavelength；
λ is wavelength.
H is the depth of water at 1/2 moldeed depth of aircraft；
H0For the seawater depth of water；
Step 303, according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the sediment parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε, calculate
Settle depth Sz；Wherein, weight W in the aircraft waterbFor the W that is self-possessed in the aircraft waterb0With ballast amount WyzThe sum of: Wb=
Wb0+Wyz；
Step 304, it calculates according to the following formula and gathers around soil resistance:
Rsrx=∫ Epidy；
When soil property at the latent seat of the aircraft is cohesiveless soil,
When for cohesive soil,
Wherein, EpiSoil resistance is gathered around for the unit length of aircraft；
γ is soil severe；
HcMud depth is fallen into for the calculating of aircraft, longitudinal calculate falls into mud depth Hc=SZ, SZIt is deep for the sedimentation of the aircraft
Degree；
φ is the internal friction angle of soil；
C is soil cohesion；
Step 305, contact resistance is calculated according to the following formula:
Rsjx=μ P, wherein RsjxFor the contact resistance of aircraft vertical, horizontal, P is that aircraft acts on seabed at latent seat
Normal pressure on substrate；μ is coefficient of friction；
Step 306, longitudinal soil resistance: R is calculatedsx=Rsrx+Rsjx；
Step 307, result above is inputted into following discriminate:
Xc+Xw≤Rsx,
If not, then enable Wyz=Wyz+ΔWyz, return step 301；
If so, then export minimum allowable ballast amount Wyzmin=Wyz。
Preferably,
The aircraft wave wave height suffered in the latent seat in seabed are as follows:
At shallow water sea area (sea area that depth is less than half wavelength):
When ship is in oblique wave, in terms of the abeam direction of ship, wavelength becomes λey=λ/sin μ, and from the longitudinal direction of ship
It sees, wavelength becomes λex=λ/cos μ；Wherein, λ is wave wavelength, μ be relative to bow to wave-to-course angle.
Preferably, described according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the sediment parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε,
Calculate sedimentation depth SzThe following steps are included:
Initialization sedimentation depth is Sz0, enter step 501；
Step 501, thickness of compressed layer Z is calculated according to the following formulan:
Zn=b (2.5-0.4lnb), wherein b is the width of aircraft and sediment contact surface, and the formula is only in b≤30m
Shi Chengli；
Step 502, according to aircraft construction parameter and sedimentation depth Sz0, calculate what aircraft was contacted with soil
Long l, width b, area S；
Step 503, the thickness h of every thin layer soil body is calculatedi
Step 504, it calculates the soil body and is layered number of plies nf
Step 505, the i-th layer soil body depth z is calculatedi
Step 506, calculating bulk density in soil mass water is γiw
Step 507, each layer weight stress σ is calculatedczi
Step 508, each layer additional stress σ is calculatedzi
Step 509, each layer is calculated to be averaged weight stress σC(i)
Step 510, each layer average additional stress σ is calculatedz(i)
Step 511, according to submarine soil pressure and void ratio e-p curve, each compressed in layers deflection Δ S is calculatedi
Step 512, sedimentation depth S is calculatedZ
Step 513, judge whether true with lower inequality: | SZ-SZ0|≤ε exports S if setting upZ, if it is not, then enabling Sz0
=SZ, enter step 501.
Optionally, when aircraft is cylinder, it can use b=DV, DVFor aircraft cylinder diameter, then thickness is compressed
Spend the calculation formula of Zn are as follows: Zn=DV(2.5-0.4lnDV)。
Optionally, when aircraft is cylinder, according to the aircraft length L of inputV, diameter DVWith sedimentation depth
SZ0, by length l, width b, the area S for calculating aircraft and sediment contact rectangular surfaces with drag:
L=LV
S=lb
Wherein, R is aircraft cylinder radius.
Above-mentioned technical proposal has the following beneficial effects: that stable with position of underwater berthing and floating requires because using
For the ballast amount calculation method of restrictive condition, so being less than the maximum allowable ballast amount being calculated and being greater than minimum allowable ballast
The ballast amount of amount can meet the stable requirement in position of underwater berthing simultaneously and play the requirement of floating capacity.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart for the method for adjusting the aircraft ballast amount underwater berthed of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the calculation method flow chart of maximum allowable ballast amount in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the calculation method flow chart of minimum allowable ballast amount in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is aircraft of embodiment of the present invention grid dividing schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the calculation method flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention settles depth；
Fig. 6 is wavelength schematic diagram of the aircraft of the embodiment of the present invention in oblique wave；
Fig. 7 a is that aircraft of the embodiment of the present invention sits bottom schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 b is that aircraft of the embodiment of the present invention sits bottom schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is longitudinal flow force schematic diagram of calculation result that the embodiment of the present invention is calculated based on fluid numerical value；
Fig. 9 is 15 meters of depth of waters of the embodiment of the present invention, longitudinal wave force schematic diagram of calculation result；
Figure 10 is the latent seat depth calculations schematic diagram in cohesive soil of the embodiment of the present invention based on compression modulus method；
Figure 11 is that cohesive soil of the embodiment of the present invention longitudinally gathers around soil resistance schematic diagram of calculation result；
Figure 12 is aircraft of embodiment of the present invention frictional resistance schematic diagram of calculation result；
Figure 13 is that cohesive soil of the embodiment of the present invention gathers around soil resistance and frictional resistance resultant force schematic diagram of calculation result；
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of calculation result of the latent seat depth in cohesive soil of the embodiment of the present invention based on compression modulus method；
Figure 15 is cohesive soil of embodiment of the present invention adsorption capacity schematic diagram of calculation result；
Figure 16 is the resultant force schematic diagram of calculation result of adsorption capacity and reserve in cohesive soil of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the manipulation requirement of submarine navigation device, submarine navigation device has the characteristics that balanced weight, i.e. water in water
Lower aircraft can realize that gravity is balanced with buoyancy by adjusting ballast.Most submarine navigation device is by infusing to ballast tank
Water forms negative buoyancy force and underwater berths, and the water filling of this part ballast tank is formed ballast amount.The ballast of submarine navigation device
Amount size determines the position stabilization and play floating capacity that it underwater berths.
The positional stability that submarine navigation device underwater berths mainly is influenced by two aspects: first is that water flow, wave are to water
Lower aircraft external force generates migration to submarine navigation device；Second is that hull and sediment interact and generate active force,
Stabilization, referred to as soil external force are risen to submarine navigation device.Water flow, the external force of wave action to submarine navigation device are transmitted to boat
Row device ontology and positioning anchor make aircraft generate relative motion or movement tendency with respect to sediment, and then generate soil external force.
When water flow, wave force are less than the maximum soil external force that aircraft can generate, then it is steady that the latent seat of submarine navigation device, which is set,
Fixed；Otherwise, the latent seat of submarine navigation device set be it is unstable, by generate submarine navigation device displacement, lead to submarine navigation device
Operation failure is even lost.
When submarine navigation device dives the environmental conditions such as the seat seabed depth of water, water flow, wave one periodically, outside suffered water flow, wave
Power is also certain；And the principal element for influencing submarine navigation device soil external force is submarine navigation device structure and size, underwater weight
Amount, sediment type etc., wherein the underwater weight of submarine navigation device is adjustable amount, by the submarine navigation device itself fixed
Underwater weight and adjustable ballast amount composition.Therefore, the soil external force that submarine navigation device can be changed by adjusting ballast amount, into
And change the positional stability that submarine navigation device underwater berths.Analysis shows with the increase of submarine navigation device ballast amount, under water
The sedimentation depth of aircraft increases, and soil resistance also increases.The position stability requirement it therefore meets submarine navigation device underwater berths
Ballast amount be to allow the minimum value of ballast amount, i.e., in the timing of environmental conditions such as the depth of water, water flow, wave, substrate one, underwater navigation
When device ballast amount is not less than its minimum allowable ballast amount, the stability requirement of its position of underwater berthing can be met.
The submarine navigation device in latent seat seabed needs to overcome the resistance of two aspects in floating: first is that submarine navigation device
Weight in water；Second is that the adsorption capacity between aircraft and the soil of contact.Wherein, in the water of submarine navigation device weight by aircraft
Weight and ballast amount composition in itself water；Weight, sediment types, sunken mud depth etc. in the water of adsorption by soil power and submarine navigation device
Many factors are related, analysis shows, ballast amount is bigger, and weight is bigger in the water of submarine navigation device, and it is deeper to fall into seabed, and seabed is inhaled
Attached power is bigger.The floating of submarine navigation device is usually to pass through the ballast water excluded in ballast tank to obtain positive buoyancy, by underwater
The structure of aircraft limits, and the positive buoyancy that submarine navigation device is capable of providing is conditional, therefore, it is necessary to pass through limitation ballast amount
Numerical value guarantees that aircraft can float the bottom of under maximum positive buoyancy.It therefore meets the ballast amount that submarine navigation device floating requires
It is that the maximum value for allowing ballast amount can meet it and rise when that is, submarine navigation device ballast amount is not more than its maximum allowable ballast amount
The requirement of floating capacity.
In conclusion as long as submarine navigation device ballast measures between minimum allowable ballast amount, maximum allowable ballast amount, i.e.,
The requirement of its position stabilization and floating capacity of underwater berthing can be met simultaneously, specific ballast power numerical value can be according to job requirements, wind
It is biased to value in danger.Therefore, emphasis is the calculating of submarine navigation device minimum allowable ballast amount, maximum allowable ballast amount.
Hereinafter, will the present invention will be described in detail by specific example:
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart for the method for adjusting the aircraft ballast amount underwater berthed of the present embodiment, as shown, packet
Include following steps:
Step 101, aircraft construction parameter is obtained, the sediment parameter that self weight, latent seat are set in aircraft water；
Step 102, according to the sediment parameter being self-possessed in the aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water, latent seat is set
Calculate maximum allowable ballast amount；
Step 103, the sediment parameter set according to stream parameters, wave parameter, latent seat, aircraft construction parameter,
From re-computation minimum allowable ballast amount in aircraft water；
Step 104, adjust the ballast amount of the aircraft to the maximum allowable ballast amount and minimum allowable ballast amount it
Between.
The calculating of maximum allowable ballast amount will be described in detail below.
Fig. 2 is the calculation method flow chart of maximum allowable ballast amount in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown, including following step
It is rapid:
Enable ballast amount Wyz=Δ Wyz, enter step 201；Wherein, Δ WyzFor ballast amount increment；
Step 201, according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the sediment parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε, calculate
Settle depth Sz；Wherein, weight W in the aircraft waterbFor the W that is self-possessed in the aircraft waterb0With ballast amount WyzThe sum of: Wb=
Wb0+Wyz；
Step 202, according to weight W in the aircraft construction parameter, the aircraft waterbAnd sedimentation depth SzIt calculates
Adsorption by soil power Fb。
The present embodiment proposes two kinds of computation models, is illustrated respectively herein:
1. the adsorption capacity computation model based on test
Uncertain factor this kind of for seabed adsorption capacity is more and the problem of theory analysis difficulty, and experimental study is effective
Means.For submarine navigation device use, the emphasis of care is the ability for the short time being detached from seabed, i.e. moment breaks bottom power, can
It is calculated by with drag:
(1) for clayed soil, seabed adsorption capacity are as follows:
Wherein: WbFor weight in aircraft water, kg；
SZTo fall into mud depth, m；
B is the suitable width of hull, m.
(2) for non-sticky soil
In this kind of non-sticky soil as sand and grit, due to water flow seepage velocity quickly, adsorption capacity can be ignored.
The one slightly larger power of weight more underwater than object of effect can break bottom on settling little object, and settle deeper large-scale object
Contact resistance of the body in non-sticky soil is that seabed adsorption capacity will indicate are as follows:
Fb=Av·fs
Wherein: Av is vertical contact area；
fSFor skin-friction coefficient, can be calculated as follows:
fs=0.5p0·tan(φ-5)
Wherein: p0It is averaged ballast power for soil, p0=γb·Vh/2；
F is internal friction angle；
gbFor the underwater weight of substrate unit, kg/m3；
VhMud volume is fallen into for aircraft.
2. the adsorption capacity computation model based on experience
Salvage sea shipwreck engineering passes through long-term engineering practice, it is indicated that the size of adsorption capacity, which can simplify, to be thought and works
Weight is directly proportional in water, and related with sediment, and weight is on same plumb line in position of action point and constitution water, it may be assumed that
Pb=kWb
Wherein: WbFor weight in aircraft water；
K is absorption force coefficient, depends on heavy seat substrate and sunken mud depth.Table 3 is adsorption capacity coefficient table.
Table 3
In selecting table 3 when coefficient, the larger value should be taken to be advisable, and when shipwreck poaches 1m, absorption force coefficient increases
0.15 or so；When falling into 2m, absorption force coefficient increases by 2.0 or so or more, determines depending on substrate and rustic degree.
The position of adsorption capacity is influenced by works and seabed contact form, is difficult to be acquired with the method calculated.It is practical
Think in work, the position of adsorption capacity is similar to weight position in works water.
Calculation shows that the calculated result of above two submarine navigation device seabed adsorption capacity computation model have it is certain discrete
Property, thus, for non-cohesive soil substrate, calculation shows that: the calculated result envelope of the test model calculated result of empirical model,
And the upper limit value of test formula is obviously bigger than normal.Therefore, should be based on the calculated result of empirical model, but the upper limit value of test model
Relatively safety, also can be used for referring to.Certainly, it also can use the mean value of two models as calculated value.
For cohesive soil substrate, calculation shows that: the calculated result of test model and the calculated result of empirical model are divided into two
The calculated result of group, test model is relatively larger than the calculated result of empirical model.Therefore, it can use the upper limit value of test model as most
Big value, takes the lower limit value of empirical model as minimum value.Certainly, it also can use the mean value of two models as calculated value.
In the analysis of ballast amount, calculated value can be chosen by risk tolerance as analysis foundation.
The present embodiment is preferred, is calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein, b is the width value in the aircraft construction parameter.
Step 203, according to the adsorption by soil power FbCalculate reserve Fcb:
Fcb=20% × Fb；
Step 204, result above is inputted into following discriminate:
Fb+Wb+Fcb≤Ffmax,
If not, then enable Wyz=Wyz+ΔWyz, return step 201；
If so, then export maximum allowable ballast amount Wyzmax=Wyz。
The calculation method of minimum allowable ballast amount will be described in detail below.
Minimum allowable ballast amount is that submarine navigation device underwater berths the stable requirement in position, underwater to navigate according to Such analysis
Row device position stabilization of underwater berthing should meet following requirement:
In formula, Xc、Yc、WcFor flow force, the torque for being applied to submarine navigation device；Xw、Yw、WwTo be applied to submarine navigation device
Wave power, torque；Rsx、Rsy、WsyFor soil power, the torque for being applied to submarine navigation device.
Submarine navigation device underwater berths, and position is stable to be primarily referred to as large range of position, direction change do not occur.Generally
In the case of, submarine navigation device should select as far as possible downbeam in place when underwater berthing, but either still rotate toward backflowing
Stream, all there is time variation and astaticism, the relative direction for submarine navigation device is not orientation in direction.Cause
This, without loss of generality, can by submarine navigation device is latent sit after suffered flow action direction be set as any direction, be by
The effect of oblique stream.When submarine navigation device is acted on by oblique stream, if water flow torque and wave torque are hindered greater than ocean bottom soil
When torque, submarine navigation device rotates so that the direction of submarine navigation device is intended to the direction of water flow and wave, flow force and
Wave force reduces, until the sum of water flow torque and wave torque are less than the ocean bottom soil moment of resistance.Therefore, lateral, rotation stabilization
It is required that being hidden in the stability requirement of longitudinal force.Above-mentioned analysis conclusion under water aircraft underwater berth test in obtain
It confirms.Therefore, the submarine navigation device stable requirement in position of underwater berthing is as follows:
Xc+Xw≤Rsx
Fig. 3 is the calculation method flow chart of minimum allowable ballast amount in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown, including following step
It is rapid:
Enable ballast amount Wyz=Wyz0, enter step 301；Wherein, Wyz0For ballast amount primary quantity；
Step 301, flow force X is calculated according to the stream parameters and flow force computation modelc、Yc；
Flow force refers to that water flow generates radiation potential and diffraction gesture during flowing through hull, in hull along the advance side of stream
To drift angle is generated, to generate external force on frogman's vehicle.Flow force calculating is carried out using fluid numerical computation method.
Fluid numerical computation method (Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD) is to be based on finite element technique, will
Entire flow field discretization, so that calculating Non-uniform Currents problem, near wall flow field problems and viscosity stabilized and unstable flow field
Problem becomes feasible, and can obtain degree of precision, is the current widely applied method for the treatment of fluid mechanics problem.The base of CFD
This thought can sum up are as follows: originally in time-domain and spatial domain continuous physical quantity field (such as velocity field and pressure field),
It is replaced with a series of set of the variate-value on limited discrete points, is set up by certain principle and mode about these
On discrete point between field variable relationship for equation group, then solve for equation group obtain field variable approximation.CFD is to flow
To the carry out Numerical-Mode of flowing under body fundamental equation (mass conservation law, the law of conservation of momentum and law of conservation of energy) control
It is quasi-, by this simulation it is available and its flow field of challenge in fundamental physical quantity (such as speed, pressure on each position
Power etc.) distribution and these physical quantitys the case where changing over time.
Grid dividing is one of key on the basis of CFD numerical value calculates.Fig. 4 is aircraft grid dividing schematic diagram, is such as schemed
Shown, for the features of shape of submarine navigation device, according to Gridding Method, hull surface mesh uses quadrilateral structure net
Lattice, alar part top use triangle unstructured grid, use multi-block structured grid to carry out in fluid calculation domain discrete, integrally adopt
With C-O type grid, i.e., use c-type grid at ship initial and end end, use O-shaped grid in the middle part of hull, and initial and tail sections, alar part and
Near wall is handled using mesh refinement, and typical undersea aircraft model surface grid dividing, empennage and attached body surface surface grids divide
As shown in Figure 4.
First layer close to object calculates grid, is that wall surface viscous effect, macroscopical active force and micro force calculate
Basic grid, so the division of first layer grid has critical influence to hydrodynamic calculate is manipulated.
The governing equation that CFD is calculated was averaged to the instantaneous potential flows governing equation progress time, equal when obtaining
Continuity equation:
N-S equation equal in time, i.e. average Navier-Stokes equation (RANS)
U in above formulai, ujFor when equal velocity component；Equal pressure when p is；xi, xjFor displacement component；When t is
Between；V is molecular viscosity coefficient；For due to when homogenizing and increased turbulent flow eddy stress item.
The governing equation and turbulent motion equation moved using finite volume method discrete fluid.Wherein, diffusion term is with center
Difference scheme difference, convective term use second-order upwind difference format.It is discrete using SIMPLE method processing pressure speed coupled problem
Equation is solved with Gauss-Seidel alternative manner, and with algebraic multigrid technology acceleration of iterative convergence.
Step 302, wave force is calculated according to wave parameter:
Wherein, wave parameter includes wave direction, the heavy depth wave amplitude of seat and wave direction；G is acceleration of gravity；
θDFor wave direction；φ be aircraft bow to；ζDDepth wave amplitude is sunk for seat；
CXF、CYFFor wave-drift force coefficient, which is calculated by following regression equation:
CXF=0.05-0.2 (λDx/L)+0.75(λDx/L)2-0.51(λDx/L)3
CYF=0.46-6.83 (λDy/L)-15.65(λDy/L)2+8.44(λDy/L)3
Wherein: ζ0For sea wave height；
λDy、λDxFor aircraft relative wavelength；
λ is wavelength.
H is the depth of water at 1/2 moldeed depth of aircraft；
H0For the seawater depth of water；
The fluctuation of water not only occurs on Free Surface in wave, also appears in water.This is because water particle in wave
It is circled approximately about its hydrostatic position, but the radius of rail circle is reduced rapidly with the depth of water.Therefore, in shallower depth of water model
In enclosing, just have to consider influence of the wave force to the latent capability of settling down of submarine navigation device.From frequency, effect is navigated under water
Wave on row device is divided into a variety of effects such as high and low frequency.Wherein, high frequency power numerical value is larger, but action time is shorter, makees
It can not be transmitted on soil by the displacement of submarine navigation device ontology or anchor system with the external force on submarine navigation device.Therefore,
Influence to submarine navigation device stationkeeping ability is very limited, it may not be necessary to be considered；And low frequency power numerical value is smaller, but when effect
Between it is longer, thereby increases and it is possible to close with the motion frequency of submarine navigation device, the external force acted on submarine navigation device will be by underwater
The displacement of aircraft or anchor system is transmitted on soil, it is contemplated that the underwater weight of submarine navigation device is smaller, and this influence is necessary
It takes in.This low frequency power is caused by wave second order power.
Observation shows when ship is drifted in wave, in the case where no flow action, if wave is rule
, then in addition to generate with wave frequencies it is consistent sway movement other than, also with the offset of ship mean place；If wave is not
Rule, then there is long-term drift motion with it, the frequency of this movement is low far beyond irregular characteristic frequency, and is vibrated
The mean place of movement also on the original equilbrium position of floating body, will not produce drift.Studies have shown that hull drifts about in wave
It is as caused by wave second order power.
The permanent part of horizontal direction second order power is commonly known as wave-drift force, and aircraft is fixed under water under water by the Xiang Li
It must be taken in capability analysis.According to Wave Theory, need according to water surface wave situation and sea wave direction seawater
Attenuation relation in the communication process of depths, the ocean wave spectrum of underwater different depth is extrapolated by sea ocean wave spectrum, to be water
The calculating of lower wave-drift force provides condition.Therefore, be absorbed in wave force is estimation wave-drift force here.
Preferably,
The aircraft wave wave height suffered in the latent seat in seabed are as follows:
At shallow water sea area (sea area that depth is less than half wavelength):
Fig. 6 is wavelength schematic diagram of the aircraft in oblique wave.As shown, when ship is in oblique wave, just from ship
Transverse direction sees that wavelength becomes λey=λ/sin μ, and in terms of the longitudinal direction of ship, wavelength becomes λex=λ/cos μ；Wherein, λ is wave wave
It is long, μ be relative to bow to wave-to-course angle.
Step 303, according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the sediment parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε, calculate
Settle depth Sz；Wherein, weight W in the aircraft waterbFor the W that is self-possessed in the aircraft waterb0With ballast amount WyzThe sum of: Wb=
Wb0+Wyz；
Step 304, it calculates and gathers around soil resistance Rsrx:
Rsrx=∫ Epidy；
When soil property at the latent seat of the aircraft is cohesiveless soil,
When for cohesive soil,
Wherein, EpiSoil resistance is gathered around for the unit length of aircraft；
γ is soil severe；
HcMud depth is fallen into for the calculating of aircraft, longitudinal calculate falls into mud depth Hc=SZ, SZIt is deep for the sedimentation of the aircraft
Degree；
φ is the internal friction angle of soil；
C is soil cohesion；
Step 305, contact resistance R is calculatedsjx:
Rsjx=μ P, wherein RsjxFor the contact resistance of aircraft vertical, horizontal, P is that aircraft acts on seabed at latent seat
Normal pressure on substrate；μ is coefficient of friction；
During contact resistance refers to that aircraft moves under water, hull and remaining base soil (are sheared lower part substrate
Under remaining base soil) between mutual surface tangent direction relative displacement and to reaction force caused by shipwreck.
Table 2 is coefficient of friction table, it is preferred that μ can be by 2 value of table.
Table 2
Step 306, longitudinal soil resistance: R is calculatedsx=Rsrx+Rsjx；
Step 307, result above is inputted into following discriminate:
Xc+Xw≤Rsx,
If not, then enable Wyz=Wyz+ΔWyz, return step 301；
If so, then export minimum allowable ballast amount Wyzmin=Wyz。
Hereinafter, by the calculating of sedimentation depth is described in detail.
The dynamic that the sunken mud drum that submarine navigation device underwater berths includes falls into mud and static sunken mud two partly forms.Dynamic falls into mud and refers to
Due to the sunken mud that submarine navigation device generates the impact of sediment in the effect of inertia of diving speed, due to usually underwater boat
Decrease speed of the row device in latent sit is lower, and the sunken mud of this part can be ignored；The sunken mud of static state refers to that submarine navigation device is latent and sits sea
Sunken mud depth behind bottom under its own weight, it is main sunken mud that this part, which falls into mud,.Since submarine navigation device sits bottom
After will stop the quite a while, therefore, sedimentation depth referred to herein is the final sedimentation depth of submarine navigation device.It is fallen into static state
Mud handles the stress-strain relationship of soil using the Hooke's law in soil Elasticity in calculating as theoretical basis, uses
It is layered summation calculating method and carries out the calculating that submarine navigation device sits bottom sedimentation.In view of the possible maximum sagging depth of submarine navigation device
And the layering feature of sediment, maximum substrate layering feature is combined into two class substrate groups in calculating.
Being layered summation calculating method is to calculate premise by straight line deformable body of substrate soil, and the deformation under external load function is only
Occur in the range of limited thickness (i.e. compression layer), the substrate soil in thickness of compressed layer is layered, finds out each layering respectively
Then stress finds out the deflection of each layering with the stress-strain relationship of soil, by the deflection of each layering always add up as
The settling amount of substrate soil.
Currently, being commonly layered summation calculating method both for vertical shape and the constant ballast of area is computing object
, but the shape of submarine navigation device vertically is variation, for this purpose, this section on the basis of being layered summation calculating method, proposes
It is a kind of based on submarine navigation device to the calculation method of substrate pressure and sedimentation equilibrium.The basic thought of this method is: due to water
The horizontal projected area that lower aircraft is contacted with soil increases with the increasing of sedimentation, so that pressure be made to reduce；And pressure subtracts
It is small, and settled reducing.Therefore, flat there is one between the horizontal projected area and sedimentation that submarine navigation device is contacted with soil
Weigh point, and in the equalization point, submarine navigation device reaches balance to the pressure of soil and sedimentation.Specific algorithmic procedure is as follows:
If function y=f (x)
In formula, y-submarine navigation device settles depth；
F (x)-is the implicit sedimentation depth x by a certain hypothesis, is calculated what submarine navigation device was contacted with soil
Horizontal projected area, then submarine navigation device is calculated to the pressure of soil, and then obtain the settlement calculation value of submarine navigation device.
(1) x is set0Depth is settled for the submarine navigation device of a certain hypothesis, f (x is calculated0), i.e. y0；
(2) if | x0-y0|≤ε, then x0As actual sedimentation depth, calculating terminate；Otherwise, x is enabled0=y0, return to
(1), continue to calculate.In formula, ε is specified a certain a small amount of.
Fig. 5 is the calculation method flow chart for settling depth, as shown in the figure, comprising the following steps:
Initialization sedimentation depth is Sz0, enter step 501；
Step 501, thickness of compressed layer is calculated.
Thickness of compressed layer Z is calculated according to the following formulan:
Zn=b (2.5-0.4lnb), wherein b is the width of aircraft and sediment contact surface, and the formula is only in b≤30m
Shi Chengli；
Since b is related with sedimentation depth, and can not learn in advance.When aircraft is cylinder, b=D can useV, DVFor
Aircraft cylinder diameter, i.e. DVIt is the possible maximum value of b, is relatively safe in collateral security calculated result accuracy.Then press
Contracting thickness degree Zn calculating can be as the following formula: Zn=DV(2.5-0.4lnDV)
Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b are that aircraft sits bottom schematic diagram.
Step 502, according to aircraft construction parameter and sedimentation depth Sz0, calculate what aircraft was contacted with soil
Long l, width b, area S；
When aircraft is cylinder, according to the aircraft length L of inputV, diameter DVWith sedimentation depth SZ0, by following
Model calculates length l, width b, the area S of aircraft and sediment contact rectangular surfaces:
L=LV
S=lb
Wherein, R is aircraft cylinder radius.
Step 503, the thickness h of every thin layer soil body is calculatedi；
According to stratigraphic section substrate laminating, the thickness of every thin layer is no more than 0.4b.If any soil of different nature
Layer (including severe, the compression property person of changing), no matter how thin, also will individually be layered.Every dwarf soil body thickness in this item calculating
It can be calculated by above formula:
hi=0.3b
Step 504, it calculates the soil body and is layered number of plies nf；
The case where for no heterogeneity soil layer, the soil body number of plies is calculated as follows:
nf=int (Zn/hi)+1, work as Zn/hiWhen for non-integer
nf=int (Zn/hi), work as Zn/hiWhen for integer
Wherein, int is bracket function.
For there is the case where heterogeneity soil layer, it can draw and calculate the soil body layering number of plies time.
Step 505, the i-th layer soil body depth z is calculatedi；
It can be calculated as follows:
Step 506, calculating bulk density in soil mass water is γiw；
Bulk density is γ in soil mass wateriwRefer to bulk density when soil is immersed in water by buoyancy, calculates with the soil body
Grain bulk density γsBased on, and according to the property of soil determine the need for considering the buoyancy of water, calculation method is as follows:
In formula, γ is the bulk density of soil, refers to the weight of soil body unit volume, KN/m3；
γsFor grogs bulk density, refer to the weight of native solid particle unit volume, KN/m3；
γsatFor saturated unit weight, refer to bulk density when being all filled with water in soil pores, KN/m3；
γWFor the bulk density of water, γW=9.81KN/m3；
ω is the water content of soil, refers to the ratio between water weight and solid particle weight in soil, usually expressed as a percentage.
Step 507, each layer weight stress σ is calculatedczi
The stress as caused by soil body gravity is known as weight stress, is usually just to generate in soil from being formed from soil,
Therefore, also it is referred to as and resides permanently stress.If the soil body is uniform semi-infinite body, the soil body any vertical cutting under self gravitation effect
Face is all the plane of symmetry, and shear stress is not present on section.Therefore, at the depth z in plane, the soil body is perpendicular because self gravity generates
To stress σczReferred to as weight stress is equal to the gravity W of earth pillar body on unit area.
When the soil body be in the water surface hereinafter, and when being made of multi-layered Soils, if each the thickness of the layer is hi, bulk density is in soil mass water
γiw, in depth ZiLocate the weight stress calculation formula of soil are as follows:
Step 508, each layer additional stress σ is calculatedzi
Additional stress refers to that the stress generated in soil by the effect of external load (weight in such as submarine navigation device water) increases
Amount.According to soil theory of elastic mechanics, the calculating of Vertical applied stress is one of foundation on the basis of Boussinesca solution
A formula partly to theorize.It is respectively A for length and width, the basis of B, Boussinesca solution provides the vertical of ground any point
Additional stress:
In formula, σ (x, y, z)-is generated by foundation load, acts on hanging down for the arbitrary point that coordinate in ground is (x, y, z)
Straight additional stress；Wherein z is the vertical distance calculated point with foundation ground, is downwards positive direction；
It is transmitted under rectangular area midpoint according to above formula when being acted on a rectangular foundation face by evenly load p
Vertical stress σ in soil at depth zzAre as follows:
σz=α0·p
In formula, α0- stress coefficient；
L, the long and short side length of b-rectangle.
Step 509, each layer is calculated to be averaged weight stress σC(i)
The average weight stress σ of the i-th thin layer of the soil bodyC(i)Are as follows:
In formula: σCZi-1、σCZi- it is respectively the top layer of layering i and the weight stress of bottom surface；
Step 510, each layer average additional stress σ is calculatedz(i)
The average additional stress σ of the i-th thin layer of the soil bodyz(i)Are as follows:
In formula: σzi-1、σzi- it is respectively the top layer of soil body layering i and the additional stress of bottom surface, as upper layer of soil is downward
The pressure of layer soil transmitting.
Step 511, according to submarine soil pressure and void ratio e-p curve, each compressed in layers deflection Δ S is calculatedi
It will average weight stress σC(i)As the initial pressure p acted on layering i1i, by average additional stress σz(i)Make
For the pressure increase Δ p acted on layering ii, that is:
p1i=σc(i)
p2i=p1i+Δpi=σc(i)+σz(i)
In this way, can acquire on the e-p curve of soil corresponding to p1iAnd p2iWhen void ratio e1iAnd e2i, can derive and ask
Obtain the compression deformation Δ S of the layeringiAre as follows:
Step 512, sedimentation depth S is calculatedZ
By computer capacity (depth zn) in the compression deformation Δ S that is respectively layerediIt stacks up to get submarine navigation device most
Sedimentation depth S eventuallyZAre as follows:
This calculated result is not exclusively consistent with measured value, numerous studies discovery, the actual measurement of settlement calculation value and different soil properties
Although value is each, there is any discrepancy, and the relationship of its difference and soil property has certain rule.Therefore, experience is proposed according to statistical analysis
Correction factor ms, calculated result is modified as follows:
In formula, ms- it is Empirical coefficient of settlement calculation related with soil property, table 1 is Empirical coefficient of settlement calculation, such as 1 institute of table
Show, shows through application by revised settling amount relatively measured result.
Table 1
In table 1, EsFor compression modulus, the soil body vertical stress and the ratio vertically strained under the conditions of no side is swollen can be indicated
Are as follows:
In formula, the α-compressed coefficient, void ratio changes the ratio with pressure change, and 1/kPa may be expressed as:
If quoting compressed coefficient α or Modulus of pressure EsCome when calculating,It can also be write as:
Step 513, judge whether true with lower inequality: | SZ-SZ0|≤ε exports S if setting upZ, if it is not, then enabling Sz0
=SZ, enter step 501.
Wherein, it is also necessary to condition of convergence ε be set, it is preferred that can be taken as ε=SZ0/ 100, SZ0It is the initial of setting
Final settlement depth.
Above-mentioned technical proposal has the following beneficial effects: that stable with position of underwater berthing and floating requires because using
For the ballast amount calculation method of restrictive condition, so being less than the maximum allowable ballast amount being calculated and being greater than minimum allowable ballast
The ballast amount of amount can meet the stable requirement in position of underwater berthing simultaneously and play the requirement of floating capacity.
The present invention is further elaborated below by way of specific example.
Embodiment two
1. case background and requirement
1.1 certain type submarine navigation device: maximum floating positive buoyancy 80kg.
1.2 heavy sediment edaphic conditions: cohesive soil.
Table 4 is known soil parameters.
Table 4
1.3 water velocities: 2 sections；Water velocity is in the same direction with ship；
1.4 sea states: 3 grades；Wave direction is in the same direction with ship；
The 1.5 latent depth of waters of sitting: 15 meters.
It is required that: determine the ballast amount in the latent seat seabed of feasible aircraft.
2. minimum allowable ballast power calculates:
2.1 flow forces calculate
Using fluid numerical computation method, submarine navigation device longitudinal direction flow force is calculated.
Table 5 is impedance value calculated result in submarine navigation device ocean current, and Fig. 8 is the longitudinal water flow calculated based on fluid numerical value
Power calculated result.
The calculated result of flow force is as shown in table 5, Fig. 8:
Table 5
Then 1 time of water velocity, aircraft longitudinal direction flow force 192.44N, i.e. 19.43kg.
2.2 wave force calculation
Using wave force calculation method, submarine navigation device longitudinal direction wave force is calculated, as a result as shown in figure 9, Fig. 9 is 15 meters of water
It is deep, longitudinal wave force calculated result.3 grades of wave ariyoshi parameters are used in calculating, table 6 is wave ariyoshi parameter value.
Table 6
At 3 grades of sea state, longitudinal wave force of aircraft is about 0kg at underwater 15 meters.
2.3 water flows and wave joint force
When 2 section of water velocity, 3 grades of sea state, it is 15 meters underwater at, the resultant force of aircraft longitudinal direction water flow and wave is
19.43kg。
2.4 sedimentation depth calculations
For provided cohesive soil substrate parameter area, under different latent seat pressur loading weights, submarine navigation device is carried out
Depth calculation is settled, the results are shown in Figure 10.Figure 10 is the latent seat depth in the cohesive soil based on compression modulus method.
2.5 gather around soil resistance calculating
Figure 11 is that cohesive soil longitudinally gathers around soil resistance schematic diagram, for provided cohesive soil substrate parameter area, in difference
Latent seat pressur loading weight under, carry out submarine navigation device gather around soil resistance calculating, as a result as shown in figure 11.
2.6 contact resistances calculate
Figure 12 is aircraft frictional resistance schematic diagram, for provided cohesive soil substrate parameter area, is dived in different
It sits under pressur loading weight, carries out the calculating of submarine navigation device contact resistance, as a result as shown in figure 12.
2.7 gather around soil resistance and contact resistance resultant force calculating
Figure 13 is that cohesive soil gathers around soil resistance and frictional resistance resultant force schematic diagram.As shown, illustrating for resultant force calculated result
Figure.
2.8 minimum allowable ballast power calculate
Figure 13 is looked into it is found that submarine navigation device gathers around soil in cohesive soil when ballast amount (as weight in water) is 27kg
Resistance and contact resistance resultant force are about 20kg, then allowing minimum ballast power is 27kg.
3. maximum allowable ballast power calculates
3.1 sedimentation depth calculations
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the latent seat depth in the cohesive soil based on compression modulus method.For provided cohesive soil bottom
Matter parameter area carries out the latent seat depth calculation of submarine navigation device, as a result as shown in figure 14 under different latent seat pressur loading weights.
3.2 seabed adsorption capacities calculate
Figure 15 is cohesive soil adsorption capacity schematic diagram of calculation result, for provided cohesive soil substrate parameter area, not
Under same latent seat pressur loading weight, analysis is calculated using the experiment calculation model and engineering calculating method of adsorption capacity, carries out water
Lower aircraft seabed adsorption capacity calculates, as a result as shown in figure 15.
By calculated result it is found that adsorption capacity size is directly proportional to weight in water under the conditions of cohesive soil substrate, test formula
Calculated result and the calculated result of engineering calculating method are at two groups, and the calculated result of test formula is relatively larger than the meter of engineering formula
Calculate result.Result security consideration is analyzed in collateral security, and the upper limit value that test formula should be taken to calculate is as analysis foundation.
3.3 reserves calculate
Figure 16 is the resultant force schematic diagram of calculation result of adsorption capacity and reserve in cohesive soil.Deposit force coefficient takes adsorption capacity
20% meter, then in cohesive soil, adsorption capacity and reserve resultant force calculated result are as shown in figure 16.
3.4 maximum allowable ballast power calculate
Since the maximum of the aircraft plays buoyancy range in 80kg, to deal with other possible fortuitous events, take maximum fair
Perhaps it is that reasonably, the resultant force of adsorption capacity and reserve is about 60kg in corresponding cohesive soil at this time that ballast power, which is 50kg,.
The analysis of 4 ballast power
The above analysis, the submarine navigation device 2 water stream speed, 3 grades of sea states, it is 15 meters underwater at dive seat when,
The ballast power of aircraft can be taken as between 27kg~50kg.
Above-mentioned technical proposal has the following beneficial effects: that stable with position of underwater berthing and floating requires because using
For the ballast amount calculation method of restrictive condition, so being less than the maximum allowable ballast amount being calculated and being greater than minimum allowable ballast
The ballast amount of amount can meet the stable requirement in position of underwater berthing simultaneously and play the requirement of floating capacity.
Those skilled in the art will also be appreciated that the various illustrative components, blocks that the embodiment of the present invention is listed
(illustrative logical block), unit and step can by electronic hardware, computer software, or both knot
Conjunction is realized.For the replaceability (interchangeability) for clearly showing that hardware and software, above-mentioned various explanations
Property component (illustrative components), unit and step universally describe their function.Such function
It can be that the design requirement for depending on specific application and whole system is realized by hardware or software.Those skilled in the art
Can be can be used by various methods and realize the function, but this realization is understood not to for every kind of specific application
Range beyond protection of the embodiment of the present invention.
Various illustrative logical blocks or unit described in the embodiment of the present invention can by general processor,
Digital signal processor, specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate
Or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or above-mentioned any combination of design carry out implementation or operation described function.General place
Managing device can be microprocessor, and optionally, which may be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller
Device or state machine.Processor can also be realized by the combination of computing device, such as digital signal processor and microprocessor,
Multi-microprocessor, one or more microprocessors combine a digital signal processor core or any other like configuration
To realize.
The step of method described in the embodiment of the present invention or algorithm can be directly embedded into hardware, processor execute it is soft
The combination of part module or the two.Software module can store in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM storage
Other any form of storaging mediums in device, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this field
In.Illustratively, storaging medium can be connect with processor, so that processor can read information from storaging medium, and
It can be to storaging medium stored and written information.Optionally, storaging medium can also be integrated into the processor.Processor and storaging medium can
To be set in asic, ASIC be can be set in user terminal.Optionally, processor and storaging medium also can be set in
In different components in the terminal of family.
In one or more exemplary designs, above-mentioned function described in the embodiment of the present invention can be in hardware, soft
Part, firmware or any combination of this three are realized.If realized in software, these functions be can store and computer-readable
On medium, or it is transferred on a computer readable medium in the form of one or more instructions or code forms.Computer readable medium includes electricity
Brain storaging medium and convenient for so that computer program is allowed to be transferred to from a place telecommunication media in other places.Storaging medium can be with
It is that any general or special computer can be with the useable medium of access.For example, such computer readable media may include but
It is not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storages, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or other
What can be used for carry or store with instruct or data structure and it is other can be by general or special computer or general or specially treated
The medium of the program code of device reading form.In addition, any connection can be properly termed computer readable medium, example
Such as, if software is to pass through a coaxial cable, fiber optic cables, double from a web-site, server or other remote resources
Twisted wire, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) are defined with being also contained in for the wireless way for transmitting such as example infrared, wireless and microwave
In computer readable medium.The disk (disk) and disk (disc) includes compress disk, radium-shine disk, CD, DVD, floppy disk
And Blu-ray Disc, disk is usually with magnetic replicate data, and disk usually carries out optically replicated data with laser.Combinations of the above
Also it may be embodied in computer readable medium.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for adjusting the aircraft ballast amount underwater berthed, which comprises the following steps:
It is self-possessed in acquisition aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water, the sediment parameter that latent seat is set, stream parameters, wave ginseng
Number；
It is calculated according to the sediment parameter being self-possessed in the aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water, latent seat is set maximum allowable
Ballast amount；
The sediment parameter set according to stream parameters, wave parameter, latent seat, aircraft construction parameter, in aircraft water from
Re-computation minimum allowable ballast amount；
The ballast amount of the aircraft is adjusted between the maximum allowable ballast amount and minimum allowable ballast amount；
It is described that maximum is calculated according to the sediment parameter being self-possessed in the aircraft construction parameter, aircraft water, latent seat is set
Ballast amount is allowed to include the following steps:
Enable ballast amount Wyz=Δ Wyz, enter step 201；Wherein, Δ WyzFor ballast amount increment；
Step 201, according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the sediment parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε, calculate sedimentation
Depth Sz；Wherein, weight W in the aircraft waterbFor the W that is self-possessed in the aircraft waterb0With ballast amount WyzThe sum of: Wb=Wb0+
Wyz；
Step 202, according to weight W in the aircraft construction parameter, the aircraft waterbAnd sedimentation depth SzCalculate soil
Adsorption capacity Fb:
Wherein, b is the width value in the aircraft construction parameter；
Step 203, according to the adsorption by soil power FbCalculate reserve Fcb:
Fcb=20% × Fb；
Step 204, result above is inputted into following discriminate:
Fb+Wb+Fcb≤Ffmax,
If not, then enable Wyz=Wyz+ΔWyz, return step 201；
If so, then export maximum allowable ballast amount Wyzmax=Wyz；
It is described to calculate the aircraft according to the stream parameters, wave parameter, sediment and aircraft inherent parameters
Minimum allowable ballast amount includes:
Enable ballast amount Wyz=Wyz0, enter step 301；Wherein, Wyz0For ballast amount primary quantity；
Step 301, according to when equal continuity equation:With N-S equation RANS equal in time:Obtain flow force computation model, and according to the stream parameters and this
Flow force X longitudinally, laterally is calculated in modelc、Yc；
Step 302, wave force is calculated according to wave parameter following formula:
Wherein, wave parameter includes wave direction, the heavy depth wave amplitude of seat；Xw、YwWave drift respectively longitudinally, laterally
Power；G is acceleration of gravity；ρ is density of sea water；For aircraft bow to；ζDDepth wave amplitude is sunk for seat；L is aircraft
Length；
CXF、CYFWave-drift force coefficient respectively longitudinally, laterally, the coefficient are calculated by following regression equation:
CXF=0.05-0.2 (λDx/L)+0.75(λDx/L)2-0.51(λDx/L)3
CYF=0.46-6.83 (λDy/L)-15.65(λDy/L)2+8.44(λDy/L)3
Wherein, λDy、λDxFor aircraft relative wavelength；
Step 303, according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the sediment parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε, calculate sedimentation
Depth Sz；Wherein, weight W in the aircraft waterbFor the W that is self-possessed in the aircraft waterb0With ballast amount WyzThe sum of: Wb=Wb0+
Wyz；
Step 304, it calculates according to the following formula and gathers around soil resistance:
Rsrx=∫ Epidy；
When soil property at the latent seat of the aircraft is cohesiveless soil,For
When cohesive soil,
Wherein, EpiSoil resistance is gathered around for the unit length of aircraft；
γ is soil severe；
HcMud depth is fallen into for the calculating of aircraft, longitudinal calculate falls into mud depth Hc=SZ, SZFor the sedimentation depth of the aircraft；
φ is the internal friction angle of soil；
C is soil cohesion；
Step 305, contact resistance is calculated according to the following formula:
Rsjx=μ P, wherein RsjxFor the contact resistance of aircraft vertical, horizontal, P is that aircraft acts on sediment at latent seat
On normal pressure；μ is coefficient of friction；
Step 306, longitudinal soil resistance: R is calculatedsx=Rsrx+Rsjx；
Step 307, result above is inputted into following discriminate:
Xc+Xw≤Rsx, XcFor longitudinal flow force, XwFor longitudinal wave-drift force；
If not, then enable Wyz=Wyz+ΔWyz, return step 301；
If so, then export minimum allowable ballast amount Wyzmin=Wyz。
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by:
The present heavy depth wave amplitude of the aircraft are as follows:
At shallow water sea area:
Wherein, λ is wavelength, ζ0For sea wave height；H is the depth of water at 1/2 moldeed depth of aircraft；H0For the seawater depth of water；
When ship is in oblique wave, in terms of the abeam direction of ship, wavelength becomes λey=λ/sin μ, and in terms of the longitudinal direction of ship, wave
Length becomes λex=λ/cos μ；Wherein, λ is wave wavelength, μ be relative to bow to wave-to-course angle.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein described according to weight W in the aircraft waterb, the seabed
Substrate parameter and sedimentation tolerance ε, calculate sedimentation depth SzThe following steps are included:
Initialization sedimentation depth is Sz0, enter step 501；
Step 501, thickness of compressed layer Z is calculated according to the following formulan:
Zn=b (2.5-0.4lnb), wherein b be aircraft and sediment contact surface width, the formula only in b≤30m at
It is vertical；
Step 502, according to aircraft construction parameter and initialization sedimentation depth Sz0, calculate aircraft contacted with soil long l,
Wide b, area S；
Step 503, the thickness h of every thin layer soil body is calculatedi
Step 504, it calculates the soil body and is layered number of plies nf
Step 505, the i-th layer soil body depth z is calculatedi
Step 506, calculating bulk density in soil mass water is γiw
Step 507, each layer weight stress σ is calculatedczi
Step 508, each layer additional stress σ is calculatedzi
Step 509, each layer is calculated to be averaged weight stress σC(i)
Step 510, each layer average additional stress σ is calculatedz(i)
Step 511, according to submarine soil pressure and void ratio e-p curve, each compressed in layers deflection Δ S is calculatedi
Step 512, sedimentation depth S is calculatedZ
Step 513, judge whether true with lower inequality: | SZ-SZ0|≤ε exports S if setting upZ, if it is not, then enabling Sz0=SZ,
Enter step 501.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, can use b=D when aircraft is cylinderV, DVFor boat
Row device cylinder diameter, the then calculation formula of thickness of compressed layer Zn are as follows: Zn=DV(2.5-0.4lnDV)。
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when aircraft be cylinder when, according to the navigation of input
Device length L, diameter DVWith sedimentation depth SZ0, by length l, the width for calculating aircraft and sediment contact rectangular surfaces with drag
Spend b, area S:
L=L
S=lb
Wherein, R is aircraft cylinder radius.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610124627.7A CN106557645B (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | A method of the aircraft ballast amount that adjustment is underwater berthed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610124627.7A CN106557645B (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | A method of the aircraft ballast amount that adjustment is underwater berthed |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106557645A CN106557645A (en) | 2017-04-05 |
| CN106557645B true CN106557645B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
Family
ID=58418330
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610124627.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106557645B (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | A method of the aircraft ballast amount that adjustment is underwater berthed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106557645B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111624998B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-07-16 | 中国海洋大学 | Ship track optimization algorithm considering cyclone motion and ocean current flow direction |
| CN111859486B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-06-21 | 中船第九设计研究院工程有限公司 | Analysis method for digital-analog calculation of stability of leveling machine |
| CN112487529B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2024-01-02 | 广州打捞局 | Pipe joint bottom setting and depositing method |
-
2016
- 2016-03-04 CN CN201610124627.7A patent/CN106557645B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| Impact of a submarine on the seabed;J.G.Pelaez 等;《WIT Transactions on The Built Environment》;20121231;第126卷;第357-368页 |
| 潜坐海底结构吸附力数值模拟研究;张富刚 等;《第八届中国国际救捞论坛论文集》;20140918;第190-191页 |
| 潜艇水下破损潜坐海底操纵控制仿真研究;胡坤 等;《计算机仿真》;20130228;第30卷(第2期);第34-37、92页 |
| 潜艇近海底航行水动力数值计算研究;匡晓峰 等;《2004年船舶水动力学学术会议》;20040930;第140-145页 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106557645A (en) | 2017-04-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Liu et al. | Wave propagation modeling in coastal engineering | |
| CN102359862B (en) | Simulating method of numerical value of sediment movement of silty and muddy coast | |
| Ren et al. | SPH-DEM modeling of the hydraulic stability of 2D blocks on a slope | |
| Qi et al. | Wave induced instantaneously-liquefied soil depth in a non-cohesive seabed | |
| True | Undrained vertical penetration into ocean bottom soils. | |
| CN106557645B (en) | A method of the aircraft ballast amount that adjustment is underwater berthed | |
| Wu et al. | Wave ripple development on mixed clay‐sand substrates: effects of clay winnowing and armoring | |
| Zhang et al. | Coupling of wave and current numerical model with unstructured quadtree grid for nearshore coastal waters | |
| Kobayashi et al. | Riprap stability under wave action | |
| Xin et al. | Study of fluid resonance between two side-by-side floating barges | |
| CN104483702B (en) | A kind of seismic forward simulation method being applicable to nonuniform motion water body | |
| Liu et al. | 3D modeling and mechanism analysis of breaking wave-induced seabed scour around monopile | |
| Wellens et al. | 3D simulation of wave interaction with permeable structures | |
| CN107609257B (en) | Gravity flow slumping body deposition simulation method based on numerical simulation | |
| Henriquez et al. | On the scaling of sediment transport in the nearshore | |
| CN106321081B (en) | For seeking the method and system of salt constituent stratigraphic anormaly crustal stress | |
| Zhang et al. | Hydrodynamics and deposition in lacustrine shallow-water delta front: A combination of numerical simulations and modern sedimentation measurements | |
| Shabani et al. | 3D modeling of wave-seabed-pipeline in marine environments | |
| Ma et al. | Transverse response of underwater shield tunnel to incident P waves | |
| Higuera | Wave and Structure Interaction Porous Coastal Structures | |
| Xiaohong et al. | Modeling transportation of suspended solids in Zhujiang River estuary, South China | |
| Son et al. | Vertical structure of rip-currents in the nearshore circulation | |
| Yang et al. | Dynamics Model of Buoy Unpowered Heave Considering Seawater Density | |
| Jiang et al. | Unified particle method with application to the 2013 Huangping landslides and tsunamis event of China | |
| Nath | Drift Speed of Buoys in Waves, with Appendix by MS Longuet-Higgins |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20190723 Termination date: 20200304 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |