CN106556676A - A kind of detection means and detection method for multi-channel gas - Google Patents
A kind of detection means and detection method for multi-channel gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN106556676A CN106556676A CN201610955042.XA CN201610955042A CN106556676A CN 106556676 A CN106556676 A CN 106556676A CN 201610955042 A CN201610955042 A CN 201610955042A CN 106556676 A CN106556676 A CN 106556676A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P.I., P.I.D.
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection means and detection method for multi-channel gas, including air inlet pipe, its one end is positioned over detection place, for sucking gas to be checked；Gas detection sensor, including air inlet, venthole and gas probe, air inlet are tightly connected the air inlet pipe other end, and gas probe detects the composition and content of gas to be checked, and the gas for having detected is discharged from venthole；Wherein, multiple gas detection sensors are parallel with one another；Flow control valve, its quantity are identical with gas detection sensor, and connect one to one with gas detection sensor venthole, and the inlet of the gas to be checked of gas detection sensor is entered for control；Air pump, including air inlet and gas outlet, air inlet connection flow control valve, gas outlet are positioned over detection outdoor, and air pump enters gas detection sensor for twitching gas, and it is outdoor to have detected that gas discharges detection.The detection means and method of the present invention greatly improves the accuracy of gas detection sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection field of petroleum well field toxic and harmful and flammable explosive gas.More specifically, originally
Invention is related to a kind of detection means and detection method for multi-channel gas.
Background technology
Oil exploration drilling scene in order to security needs must personnel Jing often walk about work and gas be easy to aggregation and
The place dress gas sensor detection harmful gass of gas flowing and flammable explosive gas.
Conventional well site gas detection sensor is the sensor with wire from indoor connection outdoor well site, and people are in use
In find unfavorable factor：Signal power supply line (from interior to sensor) price is higher；Outdoor sensor has to pass through anti-
Quick-fried certification and price height；Outdoor sensor is fragile by external environment influence；Each point is needed individually to mark during calibration sensor
It is fixed, take gas sample, not in time, there is high labor intensive and potential safety hazard in staff during demarcation is come and gone, special
Be not that outdoor sensor experiences failure is found when down-hole occurs abnormal, this moment will test leakage and sensor can not change in time
And maintenance, and personnel sensor experiences failure and need to repair as far as possible away from scene, now during ground-level finding toxic and harmful
Or change, occur personal security for this and the opposition contradiction of sensor must be keeped in repair；Sensor installed in well site must when keeping in repair
Must closure sensor power supply and sensor demarcate when have to open sensor anti-explosion terminal box, for this produce anti-explosion area
Mustn't powered opening rosette, and when demarcating, be switched on the opposition contradiction of rosette.Sensor environment to be overcome installed outdoors
The impact of temperature, such as bottom hole temperature change, -30 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius of Takla Makan Desert variation of ambient temperature.Temperature
Change and temperature drift is caused to sensor, make the zero-bit of sensor vary with temperature migration, cause incorrect numerical value to occur.
In addition, signal power supply line (from interior to the sensor) price of current conventional well site gas detection sensor compared with
High, outdoor sensor has to pass through certification of explosion protection and price is high and easily damaged by external environment influence.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of detection means for multi-channel gas, multiple gas detection sensors are mutually simultaneously
Connection, and coordinate air pump to control the air inflow of gas detection sensor with flow control valve, can accurately control air inflow.
A further object of the invention is that gas detection sensor is disposed in the interior and is inhaled with the air inlet pipe of certain length
Take the gas in region to be measured, it is ensured that the certainty of measurement of gas detection sensor.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of detection method of multi-channel gas, is adjusted by fuzzy-adaptation PID control method
The aperture of flow control control valve, makes the time of staying of under test gas and response time in gas detection sensor, it is ensured that measurement
Accuracy.
In order to realize these purposes of the invention and further advantage, there is provided a kind of detection for multi-channel gas
Device, including：
Air inlet pipe, its one end are positioned over detection place, for sucking gas to be checked；
Gas detection sensor, including air inlet, venthole and gas probe, it is another that the air inlet is tightly connected air inlet pipe
The composition and content of gas to be checked is detected in one end, the gas probe, and the gas for having detected is discharged from venthole；Wherein, it is multiple
Gas detection sensor is parallel with one another；
Flow control valve, its quantity are identical with gas detection sensor, and with the gas detection sensor venthole one
One correspondence connects, and the inlet of the gas to be checked of gas detection sensor is entered for control；
Air pump, including air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet connection flow control valve, gas outlet is positioned over sensing chamber
Outward, the air pump enters gas detection sensor for twitching gas, and it is outdoor to have detected that gas discharges detection.
Preferably, the intake manifold length is 20-80 rice.
Preferably, the detection means is positioned over detection interior.
Preferably, also including gas detecting case, which includes：
Testing stand, for placing gas detection sensor and gas flow control valve；
Mainboard, which passes through transmitter and connects the gas detection sensor, for receiving the to be measured of gas detection sensor
Gas componant and cont signal.
Preferably, the transmitter is board plug type transmitter.
Preferably, the gas detection sensor also includes：
Test chamber, is sealing space in which, and one end opens up air inlet, and the other end opens up venthole, the interior sealing space
For placing gas probe.
Preferably, the test chamber is opened up, and the support level is used to connect
Connect the bottom of gas probe, sealing ring is set between the side wall of the gas probe and the detection cavity wall that is adjacent to.
The air inlet, venthole, sealing ring, test chamber and support level form the circulation passage of under test gas.
Preferably, it is characterised in that the plurality of gas detection sensor is serially connected by trachea, its inlet end connects
Calibrating gas bottle is connect, its outlet side connects air pump by flow control valve.
The purpose of the present invention is realized also by a kind of detection method of multi-channel gas, is comprised the following steps：
In step 1, mainboard, fuzzy controller regulates and controls aperture K of i-th flow valve, it is ensured that in gas detection sensor
The time of staying t of under test gas1>Response time t；
Wherein, LiFor the length of i-th air inlet pipe；Power of the w for air pump；D is the diameter of i-th air inlet pipe；G is gravity
Acceleration；λ is checkout coefficient；
Step 2, the composition of n gas detection sensor detection under test gas and content, and signal is passed by transmitter
Mainboard is transported to, mainboard is compared with standard value to gas componant and content data；
Step 3, when the gas content for detecting the detection of i-th gas detection sensor is above standard value, alarm is carried out
Warn.
Preferably, the step 1 is：
Fuzzy controller and PID controller series connection；
Fuzzy controller is input into air pump power w and i-th intake manifold length Li, export proportionality coefficient, the proportional integral of PID
Coefficient and differential coefficient；
PID controller carries out error compensation control to the aperture of i-th flow control valve；
Wherein, the domain of air pump power w is [150,390], and the corresponding quantification factor is 1；I-th intake manifold length Li
Domain be [20,80], the corresponding quantification factor be 1；
The domain of export ratio coefficient is [- 1,1], and the corresponding quantification factor is 0.048；The domain of proportion integral modulus
For [- 1,1], the corresponding quantification factor is 0.01；Differential coefficient domain is [- 1,1], and the corresponding quantification factor is
0.00036。
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：1st, certification of explosion protection is not needed；2nd, connect trachea from indoor cabinet
Probe in gas inspiration cabinet is detected, it is not necessary to outdoor arrangement holding wire at measured point by line by air pump
And power line；3rd, detecting system is worked under room temperature indoors, not affected by environment；4th, demarcate simple, the province's gas sample that saves time subtracts
Of low pollution, accurate calibration.3rd, using the aperture of fuzzy controller Based Intelligent Control flow control valve, make gas flow sensor
The time of staying of interior under test gas be more than response time, it is ensured that measurement it is accurate.
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part will also be by originally
The research of invention and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is connection diagram of the detection means of the multi-channel gas of the present invention under detection state.
Fig. 2 is connection diagram of the detection means of the multi-channel gas of the present invention under demarcation state.
Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the gas detection sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the membership function figure of the input air pump power of the fuzzy controller of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is i-th intake manifold length L of input of the fuzzy controller of the present inventioniMembership function figure.
Fig. 6 is the export ratio COEFFICIENT K of the fuzzy controller of the present inventionpMembership function figure.
Fig. 7 is the export ratio integral coefficient K of the fuzzy controller of the present inventioniMembership function figure.
Fig. 8 is the output differential coefficient K of the fuzzy controller of the present inventiondMembership function figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to description text
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that it is used herein such as " have ", "comprising" and " including " term do not allot one or many
The presence or addition of individual other elements or its combination.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of way of realization of detection means for multi-channel gas of the invention, including：Detection
Room 1, air inlet pipe 2, gas detection sensor 3, flow control valve 4, air pump 5, are the accuracy of detection for ensureing detection means, by gas
Detection sensor 3, flow control valve 4 and air pump 5 are arranged on inside sensing chamber 1.
2 one end of air inlet pipe being connected with gas detection sensor 3 is positioned over detection place, at oil exploration drilling scene,
Detection place is：Personnel Jing often walks about work and gas is easy to assemble and the place of gas flowing, and one end of air inlet pipe 2 is distinguished
Be arranged on these places, for sucking the gas to be checked in detection place, detect harmful gass and flammable explosive gas composition and
Content.
Gas detection sensor 3 includes air inlet 31, venthole 32 and gas probe 33, and the air inlet 31 is tightly connected
The other end of air inlet pipe 2, the gas probe 33 detect the composition and content of gas to be checked, and the gas for having detected is from venthole 32
Discharge, gas to be checked enters and be fully contacted gas probe 33 from the air inlet 31 of gas detection sensor 3, and gas probe 33 is examined
The composition and content of harmful gass and flammable explosive gas are surveyed, the gas to be checked for having detected is discharged gas detecting from venthole 32 and passed
Sensor 3.As shown in figure 1, multiple gas detection sensors 3 are parallel with one another, the gas to be checked in different detection places enters parallel connection
Gas detection sensor 3, it is to avoid the gas to be checked in different detection places is mixed in together, causes testing result inaccurate.
The quantity of flow control valve 4 is identical with gas detection sensor 3, and the outlet with the gas detection sensor 3
Hole 32 corresponds and is tightly connected, and multiple flow control valves 4 are parallel with one another and are arranged on gas detection sensor 3 and air pump one by one
It is on 5 sealing pipeline, for controlling the inlet of the gas to be checked that gas detection sensor 3 is entered on different pipelines respectively, real
The air inflow of gas with various detection sensor 3 is now controlled, the detection demand of gas with various detection sensor 3 is met.
Air pump 5 includes air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet connection flow control valve 4, and gas outlet is positioned over sensing chamber 1
Outward, the air pump 5 sequentially enters air inlet pipe 2, gas detection sensor 3, flow control valve 4 for twitching gas to be checked, and will
Detect that gas is discharged outside sensing chamber 1, completed detection process.
In another embodiment, 2 length of the air inlet pipe is 20～80 meters, can be with 1 length of detecting distance sensing chamber as 20
Position to be measured in～80 meters of distance ranges, meets the detection demand of diverse location, and the personnel Jing of preventing often walks about work or gas
It is easy to aggregation harmful gass and flammable explosive gas in gathering place, meets the demand of safety in production.
In another embodiment, the detection means is positioned in sensing chamber 1, it is to avoid gas detection sensor 3 is arranged on
Outdoor to be overcome the impact of ambient temperature, because temperature change causes temperature drift to gas detection sensor 3, makes gas detection sensor
3 zero-bit varies with temperature migration, causes incorrect numerical value to occur, so as to improve the accuracy of detection means.
In another embodiment, also include gas detecting case in the sensing chamber 2, the gas detecting case includes detection
Frame, mainboard and transmitter, rack of the testing stand for metal material, for placing gas detection sensor 3 and gas flow control
Valve processed 4；Mainboard connects the gas detection sensor 3 by transmitter, for receiving the under test gas of gas detection sensor 3
Composition and cont signal, for fixing and installing gas detection sensor 3, gas flow control valve 4, mainboard and transmitter, section
Save space.
In another embodiment, the transmitter is board plug type transmitter, by the output signal of gas detection sensor 3
(signal of telecommunication of gas componant and content) is changed into the transducer of the signal that can be recognized by mainboard.
In another embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the gas detection sensor 3 also includes test chamber 34, it is sealing in which
Space, one end open up air inlet 31, and the other end opens up venthole 32, and the interior sealing space is used to place gas probe 33, shape
Into the circulation passage of gas to be checked, it is easy to 33 the detection of gas compositions of gas probe and content.
In another embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the test chamber 34 is opened up open up support level on one end of air inlet 31
35, the support level 35 is used for the bottom for connecting gas probe 33, the side wall of the gas probe 33 and the inspection being adjacent to
Survey
35 circulation passages for forming under test gas, are easy to 33 the detection of gas compositions of gas probe and content.
In another embodiment, Fig. 2 shows the Zero calibration form of detection means, the plurality of gas detection sensor
3 are serially connected by trachea, its inlet end connection standard gas cylinder 6, and its outlet side connects air pump 5 by flow control valve 4, are demarcated
Gas sequentially enters gas detection sensor 3, flow control valve and air pump 5 from calibrating gas bottle 6, and allots from air pump 5, with demarcation
Gas is demarcated to the gas detection sensor 3 of detection means, it is ensured that the accuracy of sensor.
A kind of detection method of multi-channel gas is come, and comprises the following steps：
In step 1, mainboard, fuzzy controller regulates and controls aperture K of i-th flow valve, it is ensured that in gas detection sensor 3
The time of staying t of under test gas1>The minimum response time of response time t, the response time t for gas detection sensor 3,
The response time of gas with various detection sensor 3 is different, rings when gas to be checked and the time of contact of gas detection sensor 3 are less than
T between seasonable, detects inaccurate；The only time of contact of gas detection sensor 3 is more than response time t, can just detect to be checked
The content and composition of gas, this gas detection sensor 3 using sulfuration HydroNit sensor, response time at 20 milliseconds to 3 minutes, wherein
The time of staying t of under test gas1For：
Wherein, LiFor the length of i-th air inlet pipe, unit is m；Power of the w for air pump, NS；D is i-th air inlet pipe
Diameter, unit is m；G is acceleration of gravity；λ is checkout coefficient, is 0.713N2·S2.5·m-1；Calculated according to formula (1)
In the case of flow valve standard-sized sheet, the time of staying of gas under the power and intake manifold length of corresponding different air pump, when stopping
Stay time t1Less than response time t, need to reduce the aperture of flow valve, so as to extend the time of staying until when which is more than response
Between.
Step 2, the composition of the detection under test gas of n gas detection sensor 3 parallel with one another and content, and signal is led to
Cross transmitter to transmit to mainboard, mainboard is compared gas componant and content data with standard value；
Step 3, when the gas content for detecting the detection of i-th gas detection sensor 3 is above standard value, alarm is carried out
Warn.
In another embodiment, in the step 1, fuzzy controller is that fuzzy controller and PID controller are connected；It is main
Plate is as follows to the control process of i-th gas detection sensor and coupled flow control valve：
Fuzzy controller is input into air pump power w and i-th intake manifold length Li, export the Proportional coefficient K of PIDp, ratio product
Divide COEFFICIENT KiWith differential coefficient Kd；PID controller carries out error compensation control to aperture K (t) of i-th flow control valve.
By the input air pump power w and i-th intake manifold length L of fuzzy controlleriWith export ratio COEFFICIENT Kp, ratio product
Divide COEFFICIENT KiWith differential coefficient KdCarry out Fuzzy Processing.When without control, the domain in the fuzzy set of power w is [150,390],
The quantification factor is 1；I-th intake manifold length LiFuzzy set on domain be [20,80], setting quantizing factor be all 1；It is defeated
Go out KpFuzzy domain be [- 1,1], the quantification factor be 0.048；Output KiFuzzy domain be [- 1,1], the quantification factor is
0.01；Output KdFuzzy domain be [- 1,1], the quantification factor be 0.00036.For the precision for ensureing to control, realize more preferable
Control, experiment is repeated, it is determined that optimal input and output level, wherein, most at last be input into air pump power w and i-th
Individual intake manifold length LiIt is divided into 9 grades, fuzzy set is { NVB, NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB, PVB }, membership function
Triangular membership, membership function is adopted to refer to Figure 4 and 5；The Proportional coefficient Kp, proportion integral modulus KiAnd differential
COEFFICIENT KdIt is divided into 9 grades, fuzzy set is { NVB, NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB, PVB }, and membership function is using triangle
Shape is subordinate to letter, and corresponding membership function refers to Fig. 6,7 and 8.Wherein, the Proportional coefficient Kp, proportion integral modulus KiAnd differential
COEFFICIENT KdFuzzy control rule refer to table 1-3.
1 Proportional coefficient K of tablepFuzzy control table
2 proportion integral modulus K of tableiFuzzy control table
3 differential coefficient K of tabledFuzzy control table
According to the input air pump power w and i-th intake manifold length L of fuzzy controlleri, with fuzzy control rule table 1,2
With 3 outputs for drawing fuzzy controller, output carries out the Proportional coefficient K of defuzzification, i.e. PID with height methodp, ratio product
Divide COEFFICIENT KiWith differential coefficient KdThree coefficients.Kp、Ki、KdRespectively the ratio of PID control, proportional integral and differential is initial
Parameter, Jing experiments determine that the value of initial parameter is respectively 0.8,0.53,0.0008 repeatedly；
Fuzzy controller is by air pump power w and i-th intake manifold length LiInput fuzzy controller, fuzzy controller
Three COEFFICIENT Ks of PID controller are exported according to fuzzy control rulep、Ki、Kd；PID controller output flow controls aperture K of valve
T (), greatly improves the degree of accuracy of flow control valve.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, which is not restricted to listed by description and embodiment
With.It can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely.For those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification.Therefore, under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of detection means for multi-channel gas, it is characterised in that include：
Air inlet pipe, its one end are positioned over detection place, for sucking gas to be checked；
Gas detection sensor, including air inlet, venthole and gas probe, it is another that the air inlet is tightly connected air inlet pipe
The composition and content of gas to be checked is detected at end, the gas probe, and the gas for having detected is discharged from venthole；Wherein, Duo Geqi
Body detecting sensor is parallel with one another；
Flow control valve, its quantity are identical with gas detection sensor, and with one a pair of the gas detection sensor venthole
Should connect, the inlet of the gas to be checked of gas detection sensor is entered for control；
Air pump, including air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet connection flow control valve, gas outlet are positioned over detection outdoor, institute
State air pump and gas detection sensor is entered for twitching gas, and it is outdoor to have detected that gas discharges detection.
2. the as claimed in claim 1 detection means for being used for multi-channel gas, it is characterised in that the intake manifold length is
20-80 rice.
3. the detection means of multi-channel gas is used for as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the detection means is positioned over
Detection is indoor.
4. the detection means of multi-channel gas is used for as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that also including gas detecting case,
Which includes：
Testing stand, for placing gas detection sensor and gas flow control valve；
Mainboard, which passes through transmitter and connects the gas detection sensor, for receiving the under test gas of gas detection sensor
Composition and cont signal.
5. the detection means of multi-channel gas is used for as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the transmitter is board plug type
Transmitter.
6. the detection means of multi-channel gas is used for as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the gas detection sensor
Also include：
Test chamber, is sealing space in which, and one end opens up air inlet, and the other end opens up venthole, and the interior sealing space is used for
Place gas probe.
7. the detection means of multi-channel gas is used for as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the test chamber opens up air inlet
Support level is opened up on the one end in hole, the support level is used for the bottom for connecting gas probe, the side wall of the gas probe
Sealing ring is set and the detection cavity wall being adjacent between,
The air inlet, venthole, sealing ring, test chamber and support level form the circulation passage of under test gas.
8. the detection means for multi-channel gas as any one of claim 5-7, it is characterised in that the plurality of
Gas detection sensor is serially connected by trachea, its inlet end connection standard gas cylinder, and its outlet side is connected by flow control valve
Connect air pump.
9. a kind of detection method of multi-channel gas, it is characterised in that include：
In step 1, mainboard, fuzzy controller regulates and controls aperture K of i-th flow valve, it is ensured that to be measured in gas detection sensor
The time of staying t of gas1>Response time t；
Wherein, LiFor the length of i-th air inlet pipe；Power of the w for air pump；D is the diameter of i-th air inlet pipe；G accelerates for gravity
Degree；λ is checkout coefficient；
Step 2, the composition of n gas detection sensor detection under test gas and content, and by signal by transmitter transmit to
Mainboard, mainboard are compared with standard value to gas componant and content data；
Step 3, when the gas content for detecting the detection of i-th gas detection sensor is above standard value, alarm is warned.
10. the detection method of multi-channel gas as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the step 1 is：
Fuzzy controller and PID controller series connection；
Fuzzy controller is input into air pump power w and i-th intake manifold length Li, export proportionality coefficient, the proportion integral modulus of PID
And differential coefficient；
PID controller carries out error compensation control to the aperture of i-th flow control valve；
Wherein, the domain of air pump power w is [150,390], and the corresponding quantification factor is 1；I-th intake manifold length LiOpinion
Domain is [20,80], and the corresponding quantification factor is 1；
The domain of export ratio coefficient is [- 1,1], and the corresponding quantification factor is 0.048；The domain of proportion integral modulus for [-
1,1], the corresponding quantification factor is 0.01；Differential coefficient domain is [- 1,1], and the corresponding quantification factor is 0.00036.
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| CN111442880A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-24 | 北京北方华创微电子装备有限公司 | Detection system and detection method for semiconductor equipment |
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| CN112577788A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Typical atmosphere environment efficient sampling analysis device and analysis method |
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