CN106556509B - Ice falls off experimental rig, system and method - Google Patents
Ice falls off experimental rig, system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106556509B CN106556509B CN201510638374.0A CN201510638374A CN106556509B CN 106556509 B CN106556509 B CN 106556509B CN 201510638374 A CN201510638374 A CN 201510638374A CN 106556509 B CN106556509 B CN 106556509B
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Abstract
It falls off experimental rig, system and method the invention discloses a kind of ice, is related to Han Qu and cryogenic engineering technical field, to realize that the ice of blade of aviation engine falls off test.The device includes actuator and detection piece；Actuator and the engine blade of icing are drivingly connected, and actuator is for driving engine blade to rotate；Detection piece is arranged near engine blade, and the ice that detection piece is used to detect engine blade falls off the moment, deices period and the amount of deicing to obtain.Above-mentioned technical proposal can easily carry out ice and fall off test, and ice required for capable of obtaining falls off information, and entirely tests convenient to carry out, strong operability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Han Qu and cryogenic engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of ice falls off experimental rig, system and side
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the continuous development of China's aeronautical technology, correlative technology field is just gradually perfect.Aircraft is passed through and is rich in
When super-cooling waterdrop cloud layer, the ice of special construction will form on wing, the leading edge of empennage and engine blade, this will be to aircraft
Safe flight generate potential risk.After engine blower blade (referred to as " engine blade ") freezes, the ice cube of accumulation is de-
Backwardness can cause the damage of rotary engine blade, and the ice cube for sucking core engine can lead to efficiency, surge margin decline in turn, very
To generation harmfulness consequence.Therefore it in Aeroengine Design, needs to carry out sufficient ice and falls off test, to obtain engine
The amount of deicing of icing component and the period is deiced, tests and analyze for component ice impact damage and performance loss test and analysis mention
For required input condition.
But there is presently no the simulation experiment systems to fall off for engine blade ice.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the invention is to propose that a kind of ice falls off experimental rig, system and method, to realize aviation
The ice of engine blade falls off test.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
It falls off experimental rig, including actuator and detection piece the present invention provides a kind of ice；The actuator and surface are tied
The engine blade of ice is drivingly connected, and the actuator is for driving the engine blade to rotate；The detection piece setting exists
Near the engine blade, the ice that the detection piece is used to detect the engine blade falls off the moment, deices week to obtain
Phase and the amount of deicing.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the actuator includes support frame, driving motor and drive bearing；
The driving motor is set on support frame as described above, and the driving motor and the drive bearing are drivingly connected, to drive
The drive bearing rotation is moved, the drive bearing is fixedly linked with the engine blade.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the actuator further includes blade holder, one end of the blade holder and the biography
Dynamic bearing is fixedly linked, and the other end of the blade holder is bonded and fixes with the engine blade.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the center of rotation of the driving motor, the center of the drive bearing and the blade
The center of fixture is conllinear.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the actuator further includes wind deflector, and the wind deflector is two pieces, is respectively arranged on described
The two sides of engine blade in axial direction.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the wind deflector is fixed with support frame as described above.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the wind deflector is fixed with the drive bearing, and the wind deflector is equipped with through-hole.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the regulating part for adjusting dynamic equilibrium is equipped in the through-hole.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the actuator is equipped with the vibration safety for detecting support frame as described above Vibration Condition and examines
Survey element.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the ice experimental rig that falls off further includes shield, and the shield described for starting
The outside of the engine blade is located in machine blade rotation process.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the detection piece is connected with the shield, for detecting the vibration of the shield.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the detection piece includes acceleration transducer or displacement sensor, and the acceleration passes
Sensor or institute's displacement sensors are set to the top of the shield.
Further embodiment of this invention also provides a kind of ice and falls off pilot system, including any technical solution of the present invention is provided
Ice fall off experimental rig.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, ice fall off pilot system further include atomizer and ice pattern tool, to start described
Machine blade surface forms ice type.
It falls off test method another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of ice, comprising the following steps:
The engine blade that rotating surface freezes；
The ice for obtaining the engine blade falls off the moment；
It falls off to be calculated constantly according to the ice and deices period and the amount of deicing.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, before the engine blade that rotating surface freezes further include:
Ice is sprayed according to required ice type on the engine blade surface.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, after ice is sprayed on the engine blade surface according to required ice type further include:
It sets up defences shield in the engine blade outside mask that surface freezes.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the ice for obtaining the engine blade falls off specifically includes constantly:
It is fallen off the moment using the ice that acceleration transducer or displacement sensor detect the engine blade.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the embodiment of the present invention at least can produce following technical effect:
Above-mentioned technical proposal is tested using the engine blade that surface freezes, and is started by what driving surface froze
The dropping situations that blade freezes ice under machine blade rotation simulation aero-engine high-speed rotation pass through at the time of acquisition ice falls off
Ice moment that falls off can be calculated and deice period and the amount of deicing, and entirely test convenient to carry out, strong operability.Above-mentioned technical side
Case can obtain freezing ice under various circumstances from leaf by changing test variable (temperature, revolving speed, ice specimen shape position etc.)
The related data and information that piece falls off can pass through the safeguard protection of upper cloud layer and severe cold environment further for aero-engine
Related mechanical property parameters are provided, also provide coherent reference foundation for the anti-icing design of aero-engine.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are used to explain the present invention, and are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that the ice that provides of one embodiment of the invention falls off the structural schematic diagram of experimental rig；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of ice pattern tool on engine blade；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of test method of falling off another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of ice.
Appended drawing reference:
1, support frame；2, driving motor；3, drive bearing；
4, fixed frame；5, engine blade；6, blade holder；
7, wind deflector；8, first sensor；9, shield；
10, second sensor；11, ice pattern has.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution provided by the invention is illustrated in more detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3.
One embodiment of the invention provides a kind of ice and falls off experimental rig, including actuator and detection piece；Actuator and surface
The engine blade 5 of icing is drivingly connected, and actuator is for driving engine blade 5 to rotate；Detection piece is arranged in engine leaf
Near piece 5, the ice that detection piece is used to detect engine blade 5 falls off the moment, deices period and the amount of deicing to obtain.
The ice test that falls off is in low temperature environment, and ice pattern need to be had to 11 and be placed in progress water atomization spray on engine blade 5
It penetrates, ultimately forms required ice sample, then tested by changing 5 velocity of rotation of engine blade.Actuator can lead to
Crossing 11 spray ice position shape of ice pattern tool and velocity of rotation, (test variable can also be tested by changing to change test variable
The pressure of environment temperature and atomizer is changed).
Air atomizing: using the shear action of compressed air and liquid, highly uniform and fine and closely woven atomizing effect is generated, is put down
Equal atomizing particle diameter can reach 50 microns or less.
Engine blade ice falls off problem, is one from quasi-static to dynamic critical process, if whole using engine
Machine is tested, and experimentation cost is expensive, and is difficult the whole process and track for observing that engine blade ice falls off, therefore is needed
Will be fallen off process using the ice of simplified test method simulated engine blade.The test that falls off of engine blade ice needs to pay close attention to two
A parameter: the amount of deicing and the period is deiced.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is tested using the engine blade that surface freezes, and is started by what driving surface froze
The dropping situations that blade freezes ice under machine blade rotation simulation aero-engine high-speed rotation pass through at the time of acquisition ice falls off
Ice moment that falls off can be calculated and deice period and the amount of deicing, and entirely test convenient to carry out, strong operability.Above-mentioned technical side
Case can obtain freezing ice under various circumstances from leaf by changing test variable (temperature, revolving speed, ice specimen shape position etc.)
The related data and information that piece falls off can pass through the safeguard protection of upper cloud layer and severe cold environment further for aero-engine
Related mechanical property parameters are provided, also provide coherent reference foundation for the anti-icing design of aero-engine.
Referring to Fig. 1, actuator includes support frame 1, driving motor 2 and drive bearing 3.Driving motor 2 is set to support frame 1
On, driving motor 2 and drive bearing 3 are drivingly connected, and to drive drive bearing 3 to rotate, drive bearing 3 and engine blade 5 are solid
It is fixed to be connected.Drive bearing 3 can be supported by fixed frame 4.
Herein, actuator further includes blade holder 6, and one end and the drive bearing 3 of blade holder 6 are fixedly linked, blade folder
The other end of tool 6 is bonded and fixes with engine blade 5.
Rotation to guarantee engine blade 5 is reliable, the center of rotation of driving motor 2, the center of drive bearing 3 and blade
The center of fixture 6 is conllinear.
Referring to Fig. 1, actuator further includes wind deflector 7, and wind deflector 7 is two pieces, is respectively arranged on engine blade 5 along axial side
To two sides.
The mentioned above test that fall off to engine blade simplifies, and engine blade, which falls off, tests simplified wherein one
A difficult point is to be difficult to go to ideal revolving speed since engine blade icing causes rotor-support-foundation system there are biggish imbalance.Make
It can prevent the engine blade 5 of high-speed rotation from forming wind field with wind deflector 7.The wind deflector 7 can be fixed on support frame 1,
It can be rotated together with engine blade 5, it is specific as follows.
Wind deflector 7 has following two kinds of set-up modes: mode one, and wind deflector 7 and support frame 1 are fixed.In 5 table of engine blade
Face freezes in the case where more symmetrical, equilibrium, directlys adopt the connection type of mode one it is ensured that engine blade 5 was driven
Dynamic balancing in journey.
Mode two, wind deflector 7 and drive bearing 3 are fixed, so that wind deflector 7 is rotated synchronously with drive bearing 3, wind deflector
7 are equipped with through-hole.Further, the regulating part for adjusting dynamic equilibrium is equipped in through-hole.Through-hole is specifically as follows bolt hole, adjusts
Section part is specifically as follows bolt.
In the case of rotation, the method adjustable moving balance punched on wind deflector 7, by way of increasing and decreasing bolt
Pilot system can be made to reach dynamic equilibrium under different rotating speeds, avoid judder, solve 5 icing rotation test of engine blade
Bring imbalance problem.
Hold above-mentioned, support frame 1 is mainly made of thick steel plate and steelframe, and there are spaces in steelframe to place clump weight；Support
Driving motor 2 (variable speed electric motors, particularly specifically can be used) and the fixed frame 4 for fixing bearing, driving motor 2 and fixation are placed on frame 1
Frame 4 requires to be fastened on support frame 1.Drive bearing 3 across fixed frame 4 connects driving motor 2 and blade holder 6, it is ensured that
3 center of drive bearing, 2 center of rotation of driving motor and 6 center of blade holder are on same straight line.Pacify in blade holder 6
Mounted engine blade 5, and wind deflector 7 is installed in 5 two sides of engine blade.It, can be by protection described hereinafter in instrument operation
Cover 9 covers the engine blade 5 and wind deflector 7 of rotation, to ensure test safety.
In order to further ensure test safety, actuator is equipped with the vibration safety for detecting 1 Vibration Condition of support frame and examines
Survey element.Referring to Fig. 1, the first sensor 8 as vibration safety detecting element is fixed on support frame 1；First sensor 8 connects
Signal sampler is connect, observation device Vibration Condition is used for, with the safety of guarantee test.First sensor 8, which is specifically as follows, to be added
Velocity sensor or displacement sensor.
Referring to Fig. 1, the ice experimental rig that falls off further includes shield 9, and shield 9 is used in 5 rotation process of engine blade
In be located at the outside of engine blade 5.Shield 9 can anti-stagnant ice high speed fall off the security risk of generation, ensure the peace of test
Row for the national games, and can be fallen off according to the vibration signal in shield 9 to determine whether ice occurs.
Detection piece includes acceleration transducer or displacement sensor, and acceleration transducer or displacement sensor are set to shield
9 top.Specifically, referring to Fig. 1, shield 9 is fixedly arranged above second sensor 10, for detecting the vibration of shield 9；The
Two sensors, 10 connection signal Acquisition Instrument, the process that detectable ice falls off realize the real time monitoring to testing equipment and process
With record.Second sensor 10 is specifically as follows acceleration transducer or displacement sensor.
With reference to the accompanying drawing and technical solution, a specific embodiment of the invention is further illustrated.
In Fig. 1, driving motor 2 is anchored on support frame 1 by the present invention, drive bearing 3 pass through fixed frame 4, respectively with drive
Dynamic motor 2 and blade holder 6 are fastened.Solid engine blade 5 is tightened in blade holder 6, and fastens wind deflector 7 in two sides,
It is provided with multiple bolts hole as above-mentioned through-hole on wind deflector 7, bolt can be increased and decreased by bolt hole.
After apparatus main body is completed, for the safety of guarantee test, the Vibration Condition of entire experimental rig must be carried out
Real-time monitoring.First sensor 8 is placed near driving motor 2, and first sensor 8 is fixed on support frame 1, connection dynamic
Data collecting instrument, and by signal gathering analysis meter, obtains the real-time spectrogram of FFT, judge whereby experimental rig vibration whether
Safe range realizes real time monitoring and record to testing equipment and process
Device be by motor frequency modulator change driving motor 2 revolving speed come driving blade fixture 6 drive engine blade 5 into
The rotation of row friction speed.It falls off the moment to record ice, the anti-of a guarantee test safety is placed around engine blade 5
Shield 9 is placed second sensor 10 on shield 9, and is connect with dynamic data acquiring instrument.If signal analyzes Acquisition Instrument monitoring
To impact signal, then proves that ice sample has fallen off and impinge upon on shield 9, current time is that ice falls off the moment.Before instrument starting
Shield 9 instrument rotating part be need to be covered, that is, engine blade 5 and wind deflector 7 covered.
In order to form specific ice type in blade surface, need using special ice pattern tool 11.In Fig. 2, sprayed in atomization
Before ice, ice pattern tool 11 is placed in 5 surface of engine blade, which is bonded with spoon of blade shape surface, can simulate
Ice type of different shapes removes mold after the completion of spraying ice.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, the engine blade 5 rotated according to aerodynamic design with axis, blade holder 6 and gear
Aerofoil 7, wherein engine blade 5 can have 11 simulation icings by dedicated ice pattern and ice falls off, and solve blade and freeze not
Regular and not reproducible problem；Wind deflector 7 can prevent the blade-shaped of high-speed rotation at wind field, avoid disturbing factor, energy
The process that enough preferable simulation blade ice falls off.
The test need to carry out under sub-zero temperature environment, adjust driving motor 2 and engine blade 5 is driven to rotate.Pass through
One sensor 8, second sensor 10 fall off the process of crash cover 9 come the operating condition and ice for monitoring instrument in real time.
In device, engine blade 5 is the dedicated blade of aero-engine of titanium alloy production, and surface is smooth；Blade holder 6
It is to be formed into accurate measurement processing and fabricating excessively, it is ensured that be bonded the curved surface of engine blade 5 when equipment assembles, and fastened, really
Protect the stability under high revolving speed.
Above-mentioned technical proposal belongs to Han Qu and cryogenic engineering technical field, involves how to simulation blade of aviation engine
Process and phase that ice is detached from blade at high speed are freezed in the accurate surveying that ice falls off under ice formation issues and rotation status, measurement
Close data.Specifically, above-mentioned technical proposal atomizes water into small water droplet using atomizer come subcooled water in simulated altitude cloud layer
Drop.Freeze ice by what ice pattern tool 11 was formed on engine blade 5 by water droplets injection, to simulate aero-engine
On clear ice, guarantee icing shape systematicness and repeatability.Then actuator high-speed rotation engine blade 5 is used, is come
Process and related data that ice is detached from engine blade 5 are freezed in observation monitoring.
Further embodiment of this invention also provides a kind of ice and falls off pilot system, including any technical solution of the present invention is provided
Ice fall off experimental rig.
Herein, ice fall off pilot system further include atomizer and ice pattern tool 11, to be formed on 5 surface of engine blade
Ice type.
The mentioned above test that fall off to engine blade simplifies, and engine blade, which falls off, tests simplified another
Difficult point is there is a problem of not reproducible since engine blade freezes irregularly.Have 11 energy using atomizer and ice pattern
Regular shape, repeatable ice is made on 5 surface of engine blade, goes on smoothly the ice test that falls off to be subsequent and provides guarantee.
It falls off test method another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of ice, referring to Fig. 3 comprising following steps:
Step S10, the engine blade that rotating surface freezes.
Before step S10, it can also include the following steps: to spray on engine blade surface according to required ice type
Ice.Ice pattern can be had to the engine blade surface for being set to engine, ice is then sprayed using atomizer.
In order to which the safety of guarantee test can be in engine blade before the engine blade that rotating surface freezes
Outer cup is set up defences shield, and high speed, which flies out to hurt sb.'s feelings, when falling off to prevent stagnant ice hurts object.
Step S20, the ice for obtaining engine blade falls off the moment.
Above-mentioned steps S20 can be there are many mode, and a kind of mode is to directly acquire, and imaging sensor detection can be used and start
The rotation of machine blade shows have ice to fall off when flying out object detecting.Alternatively, using indirect mode, such as in engine
In the case that blade outboard is covered with shield, when by impact judged that ice falls off the moment by detection shield, at this time
Acceleration transducer or displacement sensor detection can be used, when the sensor detects that the time of impact signal is that ice falls off
It carves, then stops ice and fall off the actuator of experimental rig, so that engine blade stops operating.
Ice falls off the moment: ice starts the time for occurring falling off on engine blade.
Step S30, it is fallen off to be calculated constantly according to ice and deices period and the amount of deicing.
It is fallen off the moment according to ice, engine blade can be calculated deices period and the amount of deicing.
It deices the period: starting turning the time needed for engine blade falls off the moment to ice.
The amount of deicing: m1-m2；Wherein, the total weight of engine blade and its surface ice before m1 is rotation engine blade,
M2 is that ice falls off the total weight of moment corresponding engine blade and remaining ice.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "front", "rear",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is based on attached drawing institute
The orientation or positional relationship shown is only the present invention and simplified description for ease of description, rather than indicates or imply signified device
Or element must have a particular orientation, construct and operate for specific orientation, thus should not be understood as in present invention protection
The limitation of appearance.
If the words such as " first ", " second " are used herein come if limiting components, those skilled in the art are answered
This knows: the use of " first ", " second " is intended merely to facilitate the description present invention and simplifies description, does not in addition state such as,
Above-mentioned word has no special meaning.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features,
But these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (17)
- The experimental rig 1. a kind of ice falls off, which is characterized in that including actuator and detection piece；What the actuator and surface froze Engine blade (5) is drivingly connected, and the actuator is for driving the engine blade (5) to rotate；The detection piece setting Near the engine blade (5), the ice that the detection piece is used to detect the engine blade (5) falls off the moment, to obtain It takes and deices period and the amount of deicing；The detection piece includes acceleration transducer or displacement sensor.
- The experimental rig 2. ice according to claim 1 falls off, which is characterized in that the actuator includes support frame (1), drives Dynamic motor (2) and drive bearing (3)；The driving motor (2) is set on support frame as described above (1), and the driving motor (2) and the drive bearing (3) driving connect It connects, to drive the drive bearing (3) to rotate, the drive bearing (3) is fixedly linked with the engine blade (5).
- The experimental rig 3. ice according to claim 2 falls off, which is characterized in that the actuator further includes blade holder (6), one end of the blade holder (6) is fixedly linked with the drive bearing (3), the other end of the blade holder (6) with The engine blade (5) is bonded and fixes.
- The experimental rig 4. ice according to claim 3 falls off, which is characterized in that the center of rotation of the driving motor (2), The center of the drive bearing (3) and the center of the blade holder (6) are conllinear.
- The experimental rig 5. ice according to claim 2 falls off, which is characterized in that the actuator further includes wind deflector (7), The wind deflector (7) is two pieces, is respectively arranged on the two sides of the engine blade (5) in axial direction.
- The experimental rig 6. ice according to claim 5 falls off, which is characterized in that the wind deflector (7) and support frame as described above (1) fixed.
- The experimental rig 7. ice according to claim 5 falls off, which is characterized in that the wind deflector (7) and the transmission shaft It holds (3) to fix, the wind deflector (7) is equipped with through-hole.
- The experimental rig 8. ice according to claim 7 falls off, which is characterized in that be equipped in the through-hole for adjusting dynamic The regulating part of balance.
- The experimental rig 9. ice according to claim 7 falls off, which is characterized in that the actuator is equipped with described for detecting The vibration safety detecting element of support frame (1) Vibration Condition.
- 10. -9 any ice fall off experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include shield (9), institute Shield (9) are stated for being located at the outside of the engine blade (5) in the engine blade (5) rotation process.
- The experimental rig 11. ice according to claim 10 falls off, which is characterized in that the detection piece and the shield (9) it is connected, for detecting the vibration of the shield (9).
- The experimental rig 12. ice according to claim 11 falls off, which is characterized in that the acceleration transducer or institute's rheme Displacement sensor is set to the top of the shield (9).
- The pilot system 13. a kind of ice falls off, which is characterized in that fall off including any ice of claim 1-12 and test dress It sets.
- The pilot system 14. ice according to claim 13 falls off, which is characterized in that further include atomizer and ice pattern tool (11), to form ice type on the engine blade (5) surface.
- The test method 15. a kind of ice falls off, which comprises the following steps:The engine blade that rotating surface freezes；It is fallen off the moment using the ice that detection piece detects the engine blade；Wherein, the detection piece includes acceleration transducer Or displacement sensor；The detection piece is arranged near the engine blade；It falls off to be calculated constantly according to the ice and deices period and the amount of deicing.
- The test method 16. ice according to claim 15 falls off, which is characterized in that in the engine leaf that rotating surface freezes Before piece further include: spray ice according to required ice type on the engine blade surface.
- The test method 17. ice according to claim 16 falls off, which is characterized in that the engine blade surface according to After required ice type spray ice further include: set up defences shield in the engine blade outside mask that surface freezes.
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| CN201510638374.0A CN106556509B (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | Ice falls off experimental rig, system and method |
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| CN102853987A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | Tester for researching ice accretion and ice prevention of aero-engine cowling in icing wind tunnel |
| CN203030456U (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-07-03 | 中航商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Atomizing nozzle device |
| CN103760106A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-04-30 | 国家电网公司 | Icing mold as well as device and method for measuring icing shear force thereby |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2447238B (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2009-11-18 | Rolls Royce Plc | Method for detecting ice ingestion in a gas turbine engine |
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| CN102853987A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | Tester for researching ice accretion and ice prevention of aero-engine cowling in icing wind tunnel |
| CN203030456U (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-07-03 | 中航商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Atomizing nozzle device |
| CN103760106A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-04-30 | 国家电网公司 | Icing mold as well as device and method for measuring icing shear force thereby |
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| Investigation of ice shedding properties of superhydrophobic coatings on helicopter blades;Stefania Tarquini等;《cold regions science and technology》;20141231;50-58页 |
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Address after: 200241 Minhang District Lianhua Road, Shanghai, No. 3998 Applicant after: China Hangfa commercial aviation engine limited liability company Address before: 200241 Minhang District Lianhua Road, Shanghai, No. 3998 Applicant before: AVIC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.,Ltd. |
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