Background
Railway wagons typically include a body, a truck, a brake assembly, a coupler draft gear, and the like, wherein the truck functions to support the body and guide the railway car along the track. The bogie middle pull rod brake device is one of the key parts of railway wagon and consists of a moving lever, a fixed lever, a middle pull rod, a brake beam, a support, etc.
When the existing bogie middle pull rod braking device brakes, the braking force of the moving lever is transmitted to the fixed lever by the middle pull rod, and the middle pull rod is respectively connected with the middle connecting holes of the moving lever and the fixed lever, the upper connecting hole of the moving lever is connected with the upper pull rod, and at the moment, the upper pull rod passes through the swing bolster, so that the possibility of interference with a core disc on the swing bolster exists.
Currently, a conventional middle rod brake device is shown in fig. 1, and fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bogie and a middle rod brake device in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, an included angle between a moving lever 4 ' and a fixed lever of the middle pull rod brake device and a vertical direction is 40 °, and at this time, in order to prevent an upper pull rod 3 ' from interfering with a center plate of a bolster 2 ', the moving lever 4 ' and the fixed lever are usually set to be of a bent structure, so that the upper pull rod 3 ' connected to the upper end of the moving lever 4 ' avoids the center plate, thereby solving the problem of interference between the upper pull rod 3 ' of the middle pull rod brake device of the bogie and the center plate; meanwhile, the moving lever 4 'is bent by 3 degrees more than the fixed lever so as to solve the problem of interference between the upper pull rod 3' and the upper end part of the fixed lever.
Although the upper pull rod 3 ' can be prevented from interfering with the center plate by the middle pull rod braking device for the bogie, the moving lever 4 ' and the fixed lever are both of a bending structure, so that the pressure directions of the connecting ends of the middle pull rod and the moving lever 4 ' and the connecting ends of the middle pull rod and the fixed lever on the middle pull rod are opposite, and the middle pull rod and the fixed lever are located in different planes, and the opposite pressures form torques acting on the middle pull rod, so that the strength of the middle pull rod is reduced. Meanwhile, the torque can also increase the pressure between the middle pull rod and the moving lever 4' as well as the fixed lever, thereby increasing the relieving resistance of the pull rod braking device in the bogie and reducing the transmission efficiency of the braking force.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the truck center tie brake device, it is desirable to provide a truck center tie brake device having a high center tie strength and a small alleviation resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, a first object of the present invention is to provide a brake device for a middle pull rod of a bogie of a railway vehicle, wherein an included angle between a brake lever and a vertical direction is 45 ° to 55 °, and the brake lever is a straight lever, so that interference between an upper pull rod and a center plate can be avoided, and the brake device can reduce the release resistance of the railway vehicle and improve the brake efficiency. A second object of the present invention is to provide a bogie including a tie rod brake apparatus in the bogie.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the present invention provides a brake device for a middle pull rod of a bogie of a railway vehicle, comprising two brake lever sets, wherein each brake lever set comprises a brake beam, a pillar fixed on the brake beam and a brake lever hinged to the pillar, and both the brake levers are hinged to the middle pull rod to achieve braking or relieving; the included angle between the manufactured movable lever and the vertical direction is 45-55 degrees, and the movable lever is a straight lever.
Compared with the bogie middle pull rod braking device in the prior art, in which the included angle between the two braking levers and the vertical direction is 40 degrees, the bogie middle pull rod braking device in the invention has the advantages that the included angle between the two braking levers and the vertical direction is increased, so that the upper pull rod connected to the upper ends of the two braking levers is driven to move along the transverse direction and move to the position where the upper pull rod avoids the center plate, and the problem of interference between the upper pull rod of the bogie middle pull rod braking device and the center plate is solved.
The problem of interference between the upper pull rod and the center plate is solved by the change of the setting angles of the two brake levers, therefore, the two brake levers are both set to be straight levers, at the moment, the pressure of the connection end of the middle pull rod and the first brake lever and the pressure of the connection end of the middle pull rod and the second brake lever on the middle pull rod are located in the same plane, so that the middle pull rod is not affected by torque in the braking or relieving process, the strength of the middle pull rod is improved, more importantly, the pressure between the middle pull rod and the two brake levers is reduced, and the relieving resistance of the brake device of the middle pull rod of the bogie is further reduced.
Optionally, the brake lever is at an angle of 50 ° to the vertical.
Optionally, the two brake levers are respectively provided with an upper connecting hole, a middle connecting hole and a lower connecting hole, two ends of the middle pull rod are respectively hinged with the corresponding brake lever in the middle connecting hole, and the brake lever is hinged with the strut in the lower connecting hole.
Optionally, the distance between the upper connecting hole and the middle connecting hole of the same brake lever group is 300-400 mm, and the distance between the middle connecting hole and the lower connecting hole is 100-200 mm.
Optionally, in the two brake levers, a distance between the first upper connecting hole and the first middle connecting hole of the first brake lever is 376mm, and a distance between the first middle connecting hole and the first lower connecting hole is 188 mm;
the distance between the second upper connecting hole and the second middle connecting hole of the second brake lever is 310mm, and the distance between the second middle connecting hole and the second lower connecting hole is 155 mm.
Meanwhile, when the middle pull rod braking device of the bogie is installed, the middle pull rod penetrates through the middle hole of the swing bolster to connect the first brake rod and the second brake rod, and when the included angle between the two brake rods and the vertical direction is too large, the middle pull rod is caused to be transversely deviated too much to cause interference between the middle pull rod and the middle hole of the swing bolster.
Meanwhile, when a vehicle is installed, the upper pull rod passes below a sleeper beam of the vehicle body, the upper pull rod passes above a swing bolster, the middle pull rod passes through a middle hole of the swing bolster, and when the distance between connecting holes of the first brake rod is too small, the upper pull rod can interfere with the top surface of the swing bolster or the upper end part of the fixed lever; when the distance between the first brake lever and the second brake lever is too large, the upper pull rod and a car body sleeper beam are interfered; when the first and second brake lever connection hole spacing is too small, it can cause the center stay to interfere with the brake beam. Therefore, the first brake lever connecting hole distance is set to be 300-400 mm, and the second brake lever connecting hole distance is set to be 100-200 mm.
Therefore, the arrangement mode of the invention can avoid the interference between the upper pull rod and the core disc, between the upper pull rod and the upper end part of the fixed lever, between the upper pull rod and the top surface of the swing bolster, between the upper pull rod and the body bolster, and between the middle pull rod and the swing bolster hole.
Optionally, two hinge holes are formed in both ends of the middle pull rod and used for being hinged to the corresponding brake lever.
Optionally, both ends of the middle pull rod are sheet-shaped connecting ends, and the hinge holes are formed in the sheet-shaped connecting ends.
Optionally, the brake lever is provided with a lightening hole.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the present invention further provides a bogie for railway vehicles, comprising a bolster and a bogie center tie brake device which are connected with each other, wherein the bogie center tie brake device is the bogie center tie brake device described above.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2-5, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bogie and a tie rod braking device in the bogie according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the tie rod brake apparatus of the truck of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a partial front view of FIG. 3; fig. 5 is a side view of fig. 3.
It should be noted that the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "vertical" and the like as used herein are defined in terms of the direction of travel of the railway vehicle and the direction of the plane of the bogie, and specifically, the "longitudinal" refers to the direction intended to pass through the direction of travel of the railway vehicle, the "transverse" refers to the direction perpendicular to the direction of travel of the railway vehicle in the plane of the bogie, and the "vertical" refers to the direction perpendicular to the plane of the bogie of the railway vehicle. The presence of the above directional terms should not be taken as an absolute limitation on the scope of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a brake apparatus for a tie rod in a bogie of a railway vehicle, as shown in fig. 3, the brake apparatus for a tie rod in a bogie comprises two brake lever sets, which are a first brake lever set 1 and a second brake lever set 2, respectively, and the two brake lever sets each comprise a brake beam, a pillar fixed to the brake beam, and a brake lever hinged to the pillar, the two brake beams shown in fig. 3 are L-B type brake beam frames, and both the two brake levers are hinged to the tie rod 3 to achieve braking or relieving.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3-5, the pillar is provided with a pillar groove, one end of the brake lever extends into the pillar groove, the pillar groove and the brake lever are connected through a round pin, and the brake lever can rotate around the round pin, so that the pillar and the brake lever are hinged. The included angles between the first brake lever 11 and the second brake lever 21 and the vertical direction are both 45-55 degrees, and the first brake lever and the second brake lever are both straight levers.
Compared with the bogie middle pull rod braking device with the included angle between the free lever 4' and the vertical direction of 40 degrees in fig. 1, the included angle between the first brake lever 11 and the vertical direction of the second brake lever 21 is increased in this embodiment, so as to drive the upper pull rod 4 connected to the upper ends of the two brake levers to move along the longitudinal direction and move to the position where the upper pull rod 4 avoids the center plate, thereby solving the problem of interference between the upper pull rod 4 of the bogie middle pull rod braking device and the center plate.
Meanwhile, when the middle pull rod brake device of the bogie is installed, the middle pull rod 3 penetrates through the installation hole in the swing bolster 5 to connect the first brake lever 11 and the second brake lever 21, and when the included angle between the two brake levers and the vertical direction is too large, the middle pull rod 3 may interfere with the installation hole. Therefore, the arrangement mode in the embodiment can avoid the interference between the upper pull rod 4 and the center plate and the interference between the middle pull rod 3 and the mounting hole of the swing bolster 5.
The problem of interference between the upper pull rod 4 and the center plate is solved by the change of the setting angles of the two brake levers, so that the two brake levers in the embodiment are both set to be straight levers, at the moment, the pressure of the connecting ends of the middle pull rod 3 and the first brake lever 11 and the connecting ends of the middle pull rod 3 and the second brake lever 21 on the middle pull rod 3 are located in the same plane, so that the middle pull rod 3 is not affected by torque in the braking or relieving process, the strength of the middle pull rod 3 is improved, more importantly, the pressure between the middle pull rod 3 and the two brake levers is reduced, and the relieving resistance of the middle pull rod brake device of the bogie is reduced.
In particular, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the angle of the brake lever with respect to the vertical may be 50 °, in which case the position of the components of the bogie is more easily configured.
Of course, the included angle between the two braking levers and the vertical direction does not need to be 50 °, as long as the included angle is 45 ° to 55 °, and the included angle is not limited herein.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the included angles between the two brake levers and the vertical direction are the same, and are both 50 °, obviously, the included angles between the two brake levers and the vertical direction may also be different, as long as the included angles are both between 45 ° and 55 °, and therefore, the relationship between the included angle between the first brake lever 11 and the vertical direction and the included angle between the second brake lever 21 and the vertical direction should not be taken as an absolute limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the first brake lever 11 is respectively provided with a first upper connection hole 111, a first middle connection hole 112 and a first lower connection hole 113, the second brake lever 21 is respectively provided with a second upper connection hole 211, a second middle connection hole 212 and a second lower connection hole 213, and both ends of the middle pull rod 3 are respectively hinged to the first middle connection hole 112 and the second middle connection hole 212. Meanwhile, as described above, the end of the first brake lever 11, which is provided with the first lower connection hole 113, extends into the pillar groove, and the round pin extends into the first lower connection hole 113, so that the first brake lever 11 rotates around the round pin through the first lower connection hole, and the first pillar 13 is hinged to the first brake lever 11. Similarly, the second brake lever 21 rotates around the round pin in the second lower connection hole 213, so as to realize the hinge connection between the second pillar 23 and the second brake lever 21.
Specifically, the distances between the first upper connection hole 111 and the first middle connection hole 112, and between the second upper connection hole 211 and the second middle connection hole 212 are 300-400 mm, and the distances between the first middle connection hole 112 and the first lower connection hole 113, and between the second middle connection hole 212 and the second lower connection hole 213 are 100-200 mm.
The middle tie rod brake device of the bogie is arranged on a swing bolster 5 of the bogie of the railway vehicle, and the body of the railway vehicle is connected above the bogie, so if the distance between a connecting hole in a brake lever and an upper connecting hole is too large, the length of the brake lever is longer, and the interference between an upper tie rod 4 connected with the two upper connecting holes and a sleeper beam 6 of the body can be caused; if the distance between the middle and upper coupling holes of the brake lever is too small, the length of the brake lever is made small, which may cause the upper link 4 coupled to the two upper coupling holes to interfere with the bolster 5.
Based on this, the distance between the connection holes of the brake lever is within a predetermined range to avoid the interference of the upper tie rod 4 with the bolster 5 or the bolster 6. In this embodiment, the predetermined ranges are respectively: the distance between the upper connecting hole and the middle connecting hole is 300-400 mm, and the distance between the middle connecting hole and the lower connecting hole is 100-200 mm.
So set up, the setting of the distance between each connecting hole of brake lever in this embodiment further avoids upper tie rod 4 and each part interference of rail vehicle to improve the rationality of this bogie each part spatial configuration.
More specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the distance between the first upper coupling hole 111 and the first middle coupling hole 12 of the first brake lever 11 is 376mm, and the distance between the first middle coupling hole 12 and the first lower coupling hole 13 is 188 mm; the distance between the second upper coupling hole 211 and the second middle coupling hole 212 of the second brake lever 21 is 310mm, and the distance between the second middle coupling hole 212 and the second lower coupling hole 213 is 155 mm.
Of course, the distance between the connection holes of the two brake levers is not limited to this, and may be any value within the above range, but in the present embodiment, the distance between the connection holes is an optimum value that can avoid interference of the upper tie bar 4 with the bolster 6 and the bolster 5 at the same time.
In the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, two hinge holes are formed at both ends of the middle pull rod 3, the two hinge holes at one end are used for being hinged to the first brake lever 11, and the two hinge holes at the other end are used for being hinged to the second brake lever 21.
Two ends of the middle pull rod 3 in the embodiment are respectively provided with two hinge holes to be matched with the distance of the worn wheel, so that the middle pull rod 3 is simple in structure.
Furthermore, the two ends of the middle pull rod 3 are sheet-shaped connecting ends, and the hinge holes are respectively arranged on the corresponding sheet-shaped connecting ends. The middle parts of the two sheet-shaped connecting ends are provided with grooves, and the first brake lever 11 and the second brake lever 21 are respectively inserted into the corresponding grooves and are hinged through round pins, so that the first brake lever 11 and the second brake lever 21 rotate around the corresponding round pins.
The slice link of this well pull rod 3 makes its articulated easier realization with two brake levers, and articulated intensity is higher.
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 3-5, each brake lever is provided with a lightening hole to reduce the weight of the tie rod brake device in the bogie, thereby reducing the resistance of the vehicle during braking and relieving.
The braking and relieving working principle of the tie rod braking device in the bogie described in each embodiment is as follows:
when the railway vehicle brakes, as shown in fig. 3, the braking force of the upper pull rod 4 is transmitted to the first brake lever 11 through the round pin connected to the first middle connecting hole 112, and drives the first brake lever 11 to rotate around the round pin, so that the braking force is transmitted to the round pin in the first lower connecting hole 113, and the middle pull rod 3 is pushed to move in the direction departing from the braking force; the middle pull rod 3 pushes the second brake lever 21 to rotate by taking the round pin in the second middle connecting hole 212 as a fulcrum, and transmits the brake force to the second support column 23, and further pushes the second brake beam 22 to move towards the direction departing from the brake force, and meanwhile, the first support column 13 and the first brake beam 12 move towards the direction of the brake force, so that the first brake shoe 14 and the second brake shoe 24 are respectively attached to the corresponding wheels through the actions, and the brake is realized.
When the railway vehicle is relieved, the side frame sliding groove has a downward inclined angle, and under the action of the gravity of the pull rod braking device in the bogie, the sliding block moves towards the direction far away from the wheel along the angle direction of the sliding groove, so that the first brake shoe 14 and the second brake shoe 24 leave the wheel, and the relieving is realized.
In addition, the present invention also provides a bogie for a railway vehicle, as shown in fig. 2, comprising a bolster 5 and a bogie center tie rod brake device, wherein the bogie center tie rod brake device is provided on the bolster 5, and the bogie center tie rod brake device is the bogie center tie rod brake device described in any of the above embodiments. Since the tie rod braking device in the bogie has the technical effects, the bogie comprising the tie rod braking device in the bogie also has corresponding technical effects, and the detailed description is omitted here.
The bogie of the railway vehicle and the brake device of the tie rod in the bogie are described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.