CN106553336B - Automatic zero setting and leveling system for distance between spray head and hot bed of three-dimensional printer - Google Patents
Automatic zero setting and leveling system for distance between spray head and hot bed of three-dimensional printer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A three-dimensional printer nozzle and hot bed distance automatic zero setting and leveling system comprises a controller, a machine tool feeding mechanism, a lower clamping piece screwing device, a hot bed lower support plate, a hot bed upper flat plate, a nozzle, an upper clamping piece, a nozzle fixing piece and a strain sensor; the upper clamping piece and the spray head are fixed on the spray head fixing piece, and the bottom of the upper clamping piece is higher than the bottom of the spray head; the strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the upper flat plate of the hot bed. The system utilizes the low-cost strain sensor to carry out leveling detection and distance zero setting, and utilizes the relative motion of the spray head and the hot bed to carry out hot bed leveling, so that the detection and driving mechanism in the hot bed leveling function is reduced, the requirement on a controller interface is reduced, and the automation of distance zero setting and hot bed leveling is realized at lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-dimensional printer, in particular to an automatic zero setting and leveling system for the distance between a nozzle and a hot bed of the three-dimensional printer.
Background
The three-dimensional printing technology and the academic additive manufacturing technology can rapidly process models which cannot be produced by a traditional machine tool and a mould, and can process movable structural parts so as to reduce assembly time. The development of the method breaks the traditional production operation mode; the design concept is changed; better meets the personalized demand. At present, a desktop three-dimensional printer adopting a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology is slowly popularized in a design room and gradually goes into a common household, and even becomes a learning tool for primary and middle school students. In the use of common users, convenient adjustment is a basic requirement for three-dimensional printers. Before use, firstly, setting a distance zero point between a printing head (hereinafter referred to as a spray head) and a hot bed (or a printing platform, a material tray, hereinafter referred to as a hot bed), and setting the zero point for short; the parallelism of the thermal bed and the printing head, namely leveling, is also regulated. The zero setting and leveling are related to the quality of the first layer printing and the precision of the whole printing. For the situation that the three-dimensional printer needs to be moved frequently, the setting and leveling become the items of frequent adjustment.
In the prior art, leveling and zeroing are either done manually by the operator using a feeler gauge or are automated using additional motors and expensive sensors. For example, chinese patent No. CN104676211a discloses a layered auto leveling device that requires two servomotors for angular adjustment. In the technical schemes, the manual operation increases the operation difficulty, wastes the time of users and limits the popularization of the users in common users; the addition of motors and sensors not only increases the cost but also increases the number of detection and drive interfaces for the control circuitry, and also increases the volume and weight of the printer. Because the price of the related proximity sensor is very high, the price of the whole printer is very high, which limits the printer to industrial application and is unfavorable for the printer to enter home; the three-dimensional printer is difficult to move due to the increase of the volume and the weight, and is unfavorable for the use of students in middle and primary schools. Currently, in self-assembly (DIY) machines, measurement of distances between different positions of the nozzle and the hot bed is often performed by using contact sensors such as piezoresistors and limit switches, and the like, which are required to be higher than the nozzle to prevent the nozzle from colliding with the hot bed. Some machines need to be additionally provided with steering engine mechanisms, and the sensors are retracted after the distance is measured. When a non-contact sensor such as an infrared distance sensor is used, it is difficult to perform zero point setting because it is difficult to perform accurate measurement at a short distance (e.g., 0.2mm thick first layer). The sensor of the existing machine is mostly used for measuring the distance between the spray head and a plurality of points of the hot bed, then calculating the inclination condition of the hot bed, correcting the height of the spray head during printing according to the inclination condition, and enabling the printing piece to incline along with the hot bed, thereby ensuring the three-dimensional size of the printing piece. However, this automatic compensation method makes the height axis move more in one layer of printing in case of more inclination of the hot bed, which affects the printing speed and quality, so that it is still necessary to perform the hot bed leveling first.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the existing three-dimensional printer hot bed leveling function needs too many detection and driving mechanisms and the distance zero setting function is difficult to realize automation, the invention provides a leveling detection and distance zero setting method by utilizing a low-cost strain sensor; the full-automatic adjustment system for automatically leveling the hot bed by utilizing the relative motion of the spray head and the hot bed can reduce detection and driving mechanisms in the hot bed leveling function, reduce the requirements on a controller interface and realize the automation of distance zero setting with lower cost.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a three-dimensional printer shower nozzle and hot bed distance automatic zero setting and leveling system, includes lathe feed mechanism, controller, shower nozzle mounting, hot bed down extension board, hot bed upper bracket and hot bed upper plate, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a lower clamping piece screwing device, an upper clamping piece, at least three strain sensors, a charge amplifier and a Schmidt trigger;
the upper clamping piece and the spray head are fixed at the lower part of the spray head fixing piece, the distance between the bottom of the upper clamping piece and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece is smaller than that between the bottom of the spray head and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece, and the strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the upper flat plate of the hot bed;
the strain sensors are respectively connected with a charge amplifier, and the charge amplifier is connected with the controller through the Schmitt trigger;
when zero setting is carried out, the spray head slowly descends to enable the strain sensor to generate strain and output electric charge, the electric charge amplifier amplifies the electric charge into voltage until the displacement of the spray head descending enables the voltage output by the electric charge amplifier to reach the voltage set by the Schmitt trigger, the Schmitt trigger outputs a trigger signal to the controller, and the controller calculates a distance zero value through the following algorithm: adding displacement of the strain sensor to the current coordinate, namely the position coordinate of the spray head when the controller receives the trigger signal, and subtracting the thickness of the strain sensor; setting the position zero point value as a coordinate zero point to realize distance zero setting;
the displacement of the strain sensor and the output voltage of the charge amplifier have the following proportional relation:
d ∝ d 31 *U*l 2 /t 2
d-displacement of the strain sensor (i.e., the distance the spray head pushes the strain sensor down);
d 31 -piezoelectric coefficient;
u-the output voltage of the charge amplifier;
l-length of the strain sensor;
t-thickness of the strain sensor;
the displacement of the strain sensor can be accurately calculated according to the above equation. In the zero setting process, the strain sensor can generate great deformation, so that the spray head can not collide with the machine tool even if the spray head moves beyond the set displacement. Because the bottom of the upper clamping piece is higher than the bottom of the spray head, the hot bed can not collide with the hot bed. Distance zero setting is the basis for accurate printing, and can also provide a reference for automatic leveling.
The utility model provides a three-dimensional printer shower nozzle and hot bed distance automatic zero setting and leveling system, includes lathe feed mechanism, controller, shower nozzle mounting, hot bed down extension board, hot bed upper bracket and hot bed upper plate, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a lower clamping piece screwing device, an upper clamping piece, at least one strain sensor, a charge amplifier, a Schmidt trigger and a distance sensor;
the upper clamping piece and the spray head are fixed at the lower part of the spray head fixing piece, the distance between the bottom of the upper clamping piece and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece is smaller than that between the bottom of the spray head and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece, and the strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the upper flat plate of the hot bed;
the strain sensors are respectively connected with a charge amplifier, and the charge amplifier is connected with the controller through the Schmitt trigger;
the distance sensor can be an infrared distance sensor, an ultrasonic distance sensor, a capacitance distance sensor or a photoelectric sensor; the distance sensor is connected with the controller; the distance between the bottom of the distance sensor and the bottom of the spray head is set in the effective measuring range of the distance sensor;
when zero setting is carried out, the spray head slowly descends to enable the strain sensor to generate strain and output electric charge, the electric charge amplifier amplifies the electric charge into voltage until the displacement of the spray head descending enables the voltage output by the electric charge amplifier to reach the voltage set by the Schmitt trigger, the Schmitt trigger outputs a trigger signal to the controller, the controller sends out an instruction to enable the distance sensor to measure the coordinate value at the moment, and the distance zero value can be calculated as follows: the current coordinate value, namely the coordinate value measured by the distance sensor when the controller receives the trigger signal, is added with the displacement of the strain sensor, and then the thickness of the strain sensor is subtracted.
The strain sensor is characterized in that a piezoelectric single-crystal wafer, a piezoelectric double-crystal wafer or a resistance strain gauge is used as a sensing element; one end of the strain sensor is fixed on the surface of the upper flat plate of the hot bed, and the other end of the strain sensor is freely suspended to form a piezoelectric cantilever structure.
The automatic zero setting and leveling system for the distance between the three-dimensional printer nozzle and the hot bed also comprises a hot bed support plate guide rod, a pressure spring and a locknut; the lower clamping piece screwing-in device consists of a wedge block, a positioning frame, a chuck precise bolt and a clamping ring, wherein the positioning frame is fixed on one side of an upper support plate of the hot bed, the threaded end of the chuck precise bolt penetrates through the positioning frame and is connected with the wedge block through threads, and the threads in the wedge block are anti-loosening threads; the wedge block is arranged between the lower hot bed support plate and the upper hot bed support plate, the lower hot bed support plate is connected with the upper hot bed support plate through a hot bed support plate guide rod, a pressure spring is arranged below the lower hot bed support plate, and the pressure spring penetrates through the hot bed support plate guide rod and is fastened through a locknut; a clamping ring is arranged between the positioning frame and the wedge block, and is clamped on the precision bolt and used for pushing the wedge block to move towards the hot bed; the outer side of the diameter of the chuck precision bolt is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; the outer diameter height of the chuck precision bolt is higher than that of the hot bed upper plate so as to prevent the nozzle from colliding with the hot bed; the bottom of the upper clamping piece is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-adhesive elastic material layer, and the upper clamping piece is parallel to the round surface of the chuck precision bolt; when the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt do relative translation, the relative translation can be converted into rotary motion of the chuck precision bolt through friction of the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt, so that the coordinates of the hot bed can be adjusted.
The lower clamping piece screwing-in device can also be composed of a chuck precise bolt, a spring and a locknut; bolts of the chuck precision bolts sequentially penetrate through the hot bed upper support plate, the springs and the hot bed lower support plate to be connected with the locknuts; the locknut is fixedly connected with the lower support plate of the hot bed; the spring is a pressure spring, and a certain pretightening force is arranged between the upper support plate of the hot bed and the lower support plate of the hot bed; the disc surface height of the chuck precision bolt is higher than that of the hot bed upper plate so that the upper clamping piece can be contacted; the outer side of the diameter of the chuck edge of the chuck precision bolt is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; correspondingly, the side surface of the upper clamping piece is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-adhesive elastic material layer; when the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt do relative translation, the relative translation can be converted into rotary motion of the chuck precision bolt through friction of the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt, so that the coordinates of the hot bed can be adjusted.
The thermal bed of the three-dimensional printer is generally supported by three or more thermal bed support plate guide rods, and correspondingly, three or more strain sensors can be adopted and respectively arranged near four corners of the thermal bed support plate guide rods or the thermal bed upper plate; two or more lower clamp precession devices are employed for hotbed leveling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the invention, the automatic leveling of the hot bed is performed by utilizing the movement of the machine tool, so that the number of executing mechanisms is reduced, and the cost is reduced;
2) The strain sensor is adopted to realize automatic zero setting of the distance and automatic measurement of the hot bed parallel, and the strain sensor does not need to occupy an analog-to-digital conversion module;
3) The distance sensor and the strain sensor are utilized to realize automatic zero setting of the distance and real-time measurement of the distance, and the strain sensor does not need to occupy an analog-to-digital conversion module;
4) The piezoelectric strain sensor has certain elasticity and can not cause the nozzle to collide with the hot bed to be damaged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic self-leveling view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower clip precession apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and drawings, and the examples are provided for carrying out the technical scheme of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the examples described below.
Example 1
Three-dimensional printers employing Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) generally employ a machine tool feed mechanism to drive a relative motion of a nozzle assembly and a hot bed assembly to deposit molten material layer by layer into a set shape. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic zero and leveling system for distance between a three-dimensional printer nozzle and a hot bed according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the three-dimensional printer nozzle assembly consists of a nozzle 6, a nozzle fixing piece 15 and an upper clamping piece 14, wherein the nozzle 6 and the upper clamping piece 14 are fixed on the nozzle fixing piece 15, the distance between the bottom of the upper clamping piece 14 and the bottom of the nozzle fixing piece 15 is smaller than the distance between the bottom of the nozzle 6 and the bottom of the nozzle fixing piece 15, namely, the bottom of the upper clamping piece 14 is higher than the bottom of the nozzle 6. The hot bed assembly consists of a hot bed lower support plate 3, a hot bed upper support plate 4, a hot bed upper flat plate 5, a strain sensor 16, a lower clamping piece screwing device 2, a hot bed support plate guide rod 8, a spring 9 and a locknut 10.
Four strain sensors 16 are arranged near the four corners of the hot bed upper plate 5 for detecting the distance zero point and detecting the hot bed parallelism. The strain sensor 16 may be a piezoelectric microchip, or a resistive strain gauge as the sensing element, preferably a piezoelectric microchip. One end of the piezoelectric single crystal wafer is fixed on the surface of the upper flat plate 5 of the hot bed, and the other end of the piezoelectric single crystal wafer is freely suspended to form a piezoelectric cantilever structure. Holes may be provided in the hotbed support plate 4 and hotbed plate 5 for placement of strain sensors 16, as shown in fig. 1. The strain sensor 16 is connected to a charge amplifier 17, the charge amplifier 17 is connected to a schmitt trigger 18, and the schmitt trigger 18 is connected to the controller 1. The charge amplifier 17 may be composed of an amplifier a, an amplifier input capacitance Ci, an amplifier feedback capacitance Cf and an amplifier feedback resistance Rf; wherein the amplifier input capacitance Ci is connected in parallel with the piezoelectric material.
When the distance zero setting is performed, the head 6 is driven to the free end of the strain sensor 16 by the machine tool feeding mechanism, and then slowly descends to strain the strain sensor 16 so as to output electric charges. The charge amplifier 17 amplifies the charge amount to a voltage amount until the displacement of the nozzle drop makes the voltage output by the charge amplifier 17 reach the voltage set by the schmitt trigger 18, the schmitt trigger 18 outputs a trigger signal to the controller 1, and the controller 1 stops the feeding movement of the nozzle 6 according to the trigger signal. In this process, the displacement of the spray head 6 and the output voltage of the charge amplifier 17 have the following proportional relationship:
d ∝ d 31 *U*l 2 /t 2
d-displacement of the strain sensor 16 (i.e., the distance the spray head 6 pushes the strain sensor 16 down);
d 31 -piezoelectric coefficient;
the output voltage of the U-charge amplifier 17;
l-the length of the strain sensor 16;
t-thickness of the strain sensor 16.
The position of the spray head 6 when it contacts the strain sensor 16 can be accurately calculated by this formula. If the lower surface of the strain sensor 16 is at the same height as the surface of the hot bed upper plate 5, the controller 1 calculates the distance zero value by the following algorithm: the current coordinate, namely the position coordinate of the spray head 6 when the controller 1 receives the trigger signal, is added with the displacement of the strain sensor 16, and then the thickness of the strain sensor 16 is subtracted, and the distance zero setting can be realized by setting the position zero value as a coordinate zero point. During the zeroing process, the strain sensor 16 can generate great deformation, so that the spray head cannot collide with the machine tool even if the spray head moves beyond the set displacement. Since the bottom of the upper clamping piece 14 is higher than the bottom of the spray head 6, the hot bed cannot collide with the hot bed.
After the distance zero is obtained, the three-dimensional printer can make a hot bed parallel measurement. The relative movement of the spray head and the hot bed is driven by the feeding mechanism of the machine tool, so that the spray head 6 moves to the other strain sensors 16 respectively to perform distance measurement, and the inclination angle of the hot bed in several directions can be obtained according to the measured distance value.
The charge amplifier 17 may be a voltage amplifier or may be a multi-stage amplifier. The schmitt trigger 18 may also employ a voltage comparator.
The thermal bed can be supported by three support points, namely, three thermal bed support plate guide rods 8 are adopted. 3 strain sensors 16 can be arranged and respectively arranged near the three hot bed support plate guide rods 8; the strain sensors 16 can be arranged 4 or more, and the mode of voltage comparison and triggering interruption is adopted, so that an analog-digital conversion channel of a control chip is not required to be occupied, and the requirement on controller resources is reduced.
Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of the self-leveling of the present invention. As shown, the hotbed leveling is mainly achieved by the relative movement of the upper clamp 14 and the lower clamp precession device 2. The lower clamping piece screwing device 2 consists of a chuck precise bolt 13, a positioning frame 12, a wedge 11 and a clamping ring 19, as shown in figure 3. The positioning frame 12 is fixed on one side of the hot bed upper support plate 4, and the threaded end of the chuck precision bolt 13 passes through the positioning frame 12 and is connected with the wedge 11 through threads, wherein the threads in the wedge 11 are anti-loose threads. The wedge 11 is arranged between the lower hot bed support plate 3 and the upper hot bed support plate 4, the lower hot bed support plate 3 and the upper hot bed support plate 4 are connected by a hot bed support plate guide rod 8, a pressure spring 9 is arranged below the lower hot bed support plate 3, and the pressure spring 9 passes through the hot bed support plate guide rod 8 and is fastened by a locknut 10. A snap ring 19 is provided between the positioning frame 12 and the wedge 11, and is clamped on the precision bolt 13 to push the wedge 11 to move toward the hot bed.
The outer side of the diameter of the chuck edge of the chuck precision bolt 13 is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; the outer diameter of the nozzle 6 is higher than the upper flat plate 5 of the hot bed to prevent the nozzle from colliding with the hot bed. The bottom of the upper clamping piece 14 is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-adhesive elastic material layer, and the upper clamping piece 14 is parallel to the chuck round surface of the chuck precision bolt 13. During leveling, the upper clamping piece 14 is contacted with the chuck precision bolt 13 and drives the chuck precision bolt 13 to rotate, so that the wedge 11 is pulled to translate, and the wedge 11 and the spring 9 drive the hot bed to adjust in the height direction until the set height value is reached, as shown by an arrow in fig. 2.
The hot bed is generally fixed by three or more supporting points, such as the positions of the three hot bed support plate guide rods 8 in fig. 1, the leveling points can be one less than the supporting points, so that the number of the lower clamping piece screwing-in devices 2 can be two at least; the upper clamping piece 14 is arranged on the side surface of the spray head 6, and one or more upper clamping pieces can be arranged; the side of the spray head 6 typically uses a cooling fan and the upper clip member 14 may be provided at the bottom of the fan housing.
The pressure spring 9 can also adopt a tension spring, is arranged between the hot bed upper support plate 4 and the hot bed lower support plate 3, and is fixedly connected with the hot bed upper support plate 4 and the hot bed lower support plate 3.
The lower clamping piece precession device 2 can also adopt a crawler type structure: a disc and a crawler belt are added at a position parallel to the chuck precision bolt 13, and the disc and the chuck precision bolt 13 are connected by the crawler belt; the caterpillar band is provided with clamping holes or synchronous teeth, and the upper clamping piece 14 clamps the caterpillar band to drive the precise bolts 13 of the chuck to rotate under the driving of the feeding mechanism of the machine tool so as to carry out hot bed parallel adjustment.
The machine tool feeding mechanism can be a machine tool feeding mechanism adopting a Cartesian coordinate system or a Delta structure.
Example 2
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the three-dimensional printer nozzle assembly consists of a nozzle 6, a distance sensor 7, a nozzle fixing piece 15 and an upper clamping piece 14, wherein the distance sensor 7 is connected with the controller 1, the nozzle 6, the distance sensor 7 and the upper clamping piece 14 are fixed on the nozzle fixing piece 15, and the heights of the bottom of the upper clamping piece 14 and the bottom of the distance sensor 7 are higher than the bottom of the nozzle 6. The hot bed assembly consists of a hot bed lower support plate 3, a hot bed upper support plate 4, a hot bed upper flat plate 5, a strain sensor 16 and a lower clamping piece screwing device 2. The lower clamping piece screwing device 2 consists of a chuck precision bolt 13, a spring 9 and a locknut 10.
A strain sensor 16 is provided on the hotbed plate 5 for distance zero detection. The construction and method of use of the strain sensor 16 are the same as in example 1. The embodiment adopts a low-cost distance sensor 7 to carry out hot bed parallel measurement, and the distance sensor 7 can be an infrared distance sensor, an ultrasonic distance sensor, a capacitance distance sensor, a photoelectric sensor and the like. Infrared photosensors are preferred. When the parallel measurement of the hot bed is carried out, the feeding mechanism of the machine tool drives the spray head and the hot bed to move relatively, the distance sensor 7 can measure distance values at different positions, and the inclination angles of the hot bed in several directions can be calculated from the distance values.
The hot bed leveling is mainly achieved by the relative movement of the upper clamp 14 and the chuck precision bolt 13, as shown in fig. 4. The threaded end of the chuck precision bolt 13 sequentially passes through the hot bed upper support plate 4, the spring 9 and the hot bed lower support plate 3 to be connected with the locknut 10. The locknut 10 is fixedly connected with the lower hot bed support plate 3; the spring 9 is a pressure spring, and a certain pretightening force is arranged between the hot bed upper support plate 4 and the hot bed lower support plate 3. The chuck circular surface of the chuck precision bolt 13 is parallel to the hot bed upper plate 5, and its height is higher than the hot bed upper plate 5 so that the upper clamping piece 14 can be contacted. The outer side of the diameter of the chuck edge of the chuck precision bolt 13 is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; correspondingly, the side of the upper clamping piece 14 is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-glued elastic material layer.
As in embodiment 1, two or more lower clips 2 may be provided and one or more upper clips 14 may be provided.
Distance zeroing may also be done jointly by the distance sensor 7 and the strain sensor 16. The low cost distance sensor can generally only accurately measure distances of a few millimeters, so that the distance between the bottom of the distance sensor 7 and the bottom of the shower head 6 can be set within the effective measurement range of the distance sensor 7. When the distance is zero, the spray head 6 slowly descends until the schmitt trigger 8 sends a trigger signal to the controller 1, the controller 1 sends an instruction to enable the distance sensor 7 to measure the coordinate value at the moment, and the distance zero value can be calculated as follows: the current coordinate value, i.e. the distance value measured by the distance sensor 7 when the controller 1 receives the trigger signal, is added to the displacement of the strain sensor 16, and is subtracted from the thickness of the strain sensor 16.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional printer shower nozzle and hot bed distance automatic zero setting and leveling system, includes lathe feed mechanism, controller (1), shower nozzle (6), shower nozzle mounting (15), hot bed down extension board (3), hot bed up extension board (4) and hot bed up flat board (5), its characterized in that: the device also comprises a lower clamping piece screwing device (2), an upper clamping piece (14), at least three strain sensors (16), a charge amplifier (17) and a Schmitt trigger (18);
the upper clamping piece (14) and the spray head (6) are fixed at the lower part of the spray head fixing piece (15), the distance between the bottom of the upper clamping piece (14) and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece (15) is smaller than that between the bottom of the spray head (6) and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece (15), and the strain sensor (16) is arranged on the surface of the upper flat plate (5) of the hot bed;
the strain sensors (16) are respectively connected with a charge amplifier (17), and the charge amplifier (17) is connected with the controller (1) through the Schmitt trigger (18);
when zero setting is carried out, the spray head (6) slowly descends to enable the strain sensor (16) to generate strain and output electric charge, the electric charge amplifier (17) amplifies the electric charge into voltage until the displacement of the spray head descending enables the voltage output by the electric charge amplifier (17) to reach the voltage set by the Schmitt trigger (18), the Schmitt trigger (18) outputs a trigger signal to the controller (1), and the controller (1) calculates a distance zero value through the following algorithm: adding displacement of the strain sensor (16) to the current coordinate, namely the position coordinate of the spray head (6) when the controller (1) receives the trigger signal, subtracting the thickness of the strain sensor (16), and setting the position zero value as a coordinate zero point to realize distance zero setting;
the lower clamping piece screwing device (2) is realized by any one of the following structures:
a) The hot bed support plate comprises a wedge block (11), a positioning frame (12), a chuck precise bolt (13) and a clamping ring (19), wherein the positioning frame (12) is fixed on one side of the hot bed upper support plate (4), and a threaded end of the chuck precise bolt (13) penetrates through the positioning frame (12) to be connected with the wedge block (11) through threads, wherein the threads in the wedge block (11) are anti-loosening threads; the wedge block (11) is arranged between the lower hot bed support plate (3) and the upper hot bed support plate (4), a clamping ring (19) is arranged between the positioning frame (12) and the wedge block (11), and the clamping ring is clamped on the precision bolt (13) and used for pushing the wedge block (11) to move towards the hot bed; the outer side of the diameter of the chuck precision bolt (13) is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; the outer diameter height of the chuck precision bolt (13) is higher than that of the hot bed upper plate (5) so as to prevent the nozzle (6) from colliding with the hot bed; the bottom of the upper clamping piece (14) is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-adhesive elastic material layer, and the upper clamping piece (14) is parallel to the round surface of the chuck precision bolt (13); when the upper clamping piece (14) and the chuck precision bolt (13) relatively translate, the relative translation can be converted into rotary motion of the chuck precision bolt (13) through friction of the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt, so that the hot bed is leveled;
b) Consists of a chuck precision bolt (13), a pressure spring (9) and a locknut (10); bolts of the chuck precision bolts (13) sequentially penetrate through the hot bed upper support plate (4), the pressure springs (9) and the hot bed lower support plate (3) to be connected with the locknuts (10); the locknut (10) is fixedly connected with the hot bed lower support plate (3); the pressure spring (9) has certain pretightening force between the upper support plate (4) of the hot bed and the lower support plate (3) of the hot bed; the disc surface of the chuck precision bolt (13) is higher than the hot bed upper flat plate (5) so as to enable the upper clamping piece (14) to be contacted; the outer side of the diameter of the chuck edge of the chuck precision bolt (13) is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; correspondingly, the side surface of the upper clamping piece (14) is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-adhesive elastic material layer; when the upper clamping piece (14) and the chuck precision bolt (13) do relative translation, the relative translation can be converted into rotary motion of the chuck precision bolt (13) through friction of the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt, so that the hot bed is leveled.
2. The utility model provides a three-dimensional printer shower nozzle and hot bed distance automatic zero setting and leveling system, includes lathe feed mechanism, controller (1), shower nozzle (6), shower nozzle mounting (15), hot bed down extension board (3), hot bed up extension board (4) and hot bed up flat board (5), its characterized in that: the device also comprises a lower clamping piece screwing device (2), an upper clamping piece (14), at least one strain sensor (16), a charge amplifier (17), a Schmidt trigger (18) and a distance sensor (7);
the upper clamping piece (14) and the spray head (6) are fixed at the lower part of the spray head fixing piece (15), the distance between the bottom of the upper clamping piece (14) and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece (15) is smaller than that between the bottom of the spray head (6) and the bottom of the spray head fixing piece (15), and the strain sensor (16) is arranged on the surface of the upper flat plate (5) of the hot bed;
the strain sensors (16) are respectively connected with a charge amplifier (17), and the charge amplifier (17) is connected with the controller (1) through the Schmitt trigger (18);
the distance sensor (7) is connected with the controller (1); the distance between the bottom of the distance sensor (7) and the bottom of the spray head (6) is set in the effective measurement range of the distance sensor (7);
when zero setting is carried out, the spray head (6) slowly descends to enable the strain sensor (16) to generate strain and output electric charge, the electric charge amplifier (17) amplifies the electric charge into voltage until the displacement of the spray head descending enables the voltage output by the electric charge amplifier (17) to reach the voltage set by the Schmitt trigger (18), the Schmitt trigger (18) outputs a trigger signal to the controller (1), the controller (1) sends out a command to enable the distance sensor (7) to measure the distance value at the moment, and the distance zero value is calculated as follows: the current coordinate value, namely the distance value measured by the distance sensor (7) when the controller (1) receives the trigger signal, is added with the displacement of the strain sensor (16), and then the thickness of the strain sensor (16) is subtracted, and the zero point value of the position is set as a coordinate zero point, namely the distance setting is realized;
the lower clamping piece screwing device (2) is realized by any one of the following structures:
a) The hot bed support plate comprises a wedge block (11), a positioning frame (12), a chuck precise bolt (13) and a clamping ring (19), wherein the positioning frame (12) is fixed on one side of the hot bed upper support plate (4), and a threaded end of the chuck precise bolt (13) penetrates through the positioning frame (12) to be connected with the wedge block (11) through threads, wherein the threads in the wedge block (11) are anti-loosening threads; the wedge block (11) is arranged between the lower hot bed support plate (3) and the upper hot bed support plate (4), a clamping ring (19) is arranged between the positioning frame (12) and the wedge block (11), and the clamping ring is clamped on the precision bolt (13) and used for pushing the wedge block (11) to move towards the hot bed; the outer side of the diameter of the chuck precision bolt (13) is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; the outer diameter height of the chuck precision bolt (13) is higher than that of the hot bed upper plate (5) so as to prevent the nozzle (6) from colliding with the hot bed; the bottom of the upper clamping piece (14) is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-adhesive elastic material layer, and the upper clamping piece (14) is parallel to the round surface of the chuck precision bolt (13); when the upper clamping piece (14) and the chuck precision bolt (13) relatively translate, the relative translation can be converted into rotary motion of the chuck precision bolt (13) through friction of the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt, so that the hot bed is leveled;
b) Consists of a chuck precision bolt (13), a pressure spring (9) and a locknut (10); bolts of the chuck precision bolts (13) sequentially penetrate through the hot bed upper support plate (4), the pressure springs (9) and the hot bed lower support plate (3) to be connected with the locknuts (10); the locknut (10) is fixedly connected with the hot bed lower support plate (3); the pressure spring (9) has certain pretightening force between the upper support plate (4) of the hot bed and the lower support plate (3) of the hot bed; the disc surface of the chuck precision bolt (13) is higher than the hot bed upper flat plate (5) so as to enable the upper clamping piece (14) to be contacted; the outer side of the diameter of the chuck edge of the chuck precision bolt (13) is provided with patterns for increasing friction force; correspondingly, the side surface of the upper clamping piece (14) is provided with patterns or an additional rubber-adhesive elastic material layer; when the upper clamping piece (14) and the chuck precision bolt (13) do relative translation, the relative translation can be converted into rotary motion of the chuck precision bolt (13) through friction of the upper clamping piece and the chuck precision bolt, so that the hot bed is leveled.
3. The three-dimensional printer head and hot bed distance automatic zeroing and leveling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the strain sensor (16) is characterized in that a piezoelectric single-crystal wafer, a piezoelectric double-crystal wafer or a resistance strain gauge is used as a sensing element; one end of the strain sensor (16) is fixed on the surface of the upper flat plate (5) of the hot bed, and the other end of the strain sensor is freely suspended to form a piezoelectric cantilever structure.
4. The three-dimensional printer head and hot bed distance automatic zeroing and leveling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the hot bed support plate guide rod (8), a pressure spring (9) and a locknut (10) are also included; the hot bed lower support plate (3) is connected with the hot bed upper support plate (4) through a hot bed support plate guide rod (8), a pressure spring (9) is arranged below the hot bed lower support plate (3), and the pressure spring (9) penetrates through the hot bed support plate guide rod (8) and is fastened through a locknut (10).
5. The three-dimensional printer head and hot bed distance automatic zeroing and leveling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: three or more strain sensors (16) are adopted and are respectively arranged near four corners of the hot bed support plate guide rod (8) or the hot bed upper plate (5); two or more lower clamp precession devices (2) are used for hot bed leveling.
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| CN201510618800.4A CN106553336B (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2015-09-25 | Automatic zero setting and leveling system for distance between spray head and hot bed of three-dimensional printer |
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| CN108068328B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-12-17 | 深圳森工科技有限公司 | 3D printing device, 3D printer and method for resuming printing after interruption of 3D printer |
| CN112721158B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-11-15 | 深圳市纵维立方科技有限公司 | Control method of three-dimensional printing equipment and three-dimensional printing equipment |
| CN114290824B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-06-20 | 宁波得力科贝技术有限公司 | Origin determining method for printer carriage |
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