CN106549582B - A kind of waveform continuous transformation method reducing on-off times - Google Patents
A kind of waveform continuous transformation method reducing on-off times Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC
- H02M5/42—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC
- H02M5/453—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种降低开关次数的波形连续变换方法，应用于电力变换系统中的三相三电平逆变器，具体为交—直—交结构，包括以下步骤：根据所述三相三电平逆变器的控制方式和预设参数，确定系统的实际输出频率值F，计算ω＝2πF，并获取所述三相三电平逆变器的直流母线电压Ud和输出线电压峰值Ulp；将所述直流母线电压Ud与输出线电压峰值Ulp进行比较，根据比较结果确定三相输出相电压的算法，得到输出相电压调制波；将得到的输出相电压调制波通过PWM变换后得到逆变桥各电力电子器件的开关动作输出；本发明可以使逆变桥输出线电压保持为正弦波的前提下，使电力电子器件的开关次数减少1/3，从而大大降低了开关损耗，且不会造成输出线电压的畸变，减小输出谐波。
The invention discloses a waveform continuous transformation method for reducing switching times, which is applied to a three-phase three-level inverter in a power transformation system, in particular an AC-DC-AC structure, comprising the following steps: The control mode and preset parameters of the level inverter, determine the actual output frequency value F of the system, calculate ω=2πF, and obtain the DC bus voltage U d and output line voltage peak value of the three-phase three-level inverter U lp ; Compare the DC bus voltage U d with the output line voltage peak value U lp , determine the algorithm of the three-phase output phase voltage according to the comparison result, and obtain the output phase voltage modulation wave; The obtained output phase voltage modulation wave is passed through the PWM After the conversion, the switching action output of each power electronic device of the inverter bridge is obtained; the invention can reduce the switching times of the power electronic device by 1/3 under the premise that the output line voltage of the inverter bridge can be kept as a sine wave, thereby greatly reducing the switching frequency. Loss, and will not cause distortion of the output line voltage, reduce output harmonics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power converter technical fields, particularly relate to a kind of waveform continuous transformation side for reducing on-off times
Method.
Background technique
With the raising of power electronic devices switching speed, the switching frequency of frequency converter is also higher and higher, thus electric power electricity
The switching loss of sub- device become for transducer power loss in principal element, switching frequency it is higher i.e. on-off times it is more,
Switching loss is bigger.The on-off times for reducing power electronic devices, can directly reduce the switching loss of power electronic devices, together
When also reduce the heat distributed by loss and lead to the probability damaged due to device temperature is excessively high, it is often more important that frequency conversion can be improved
The working efficiency of device further increases the reliability of system.
The on-off times of power electronic devices depend on its power converter technology used in frequency conversion.So-called waveform continuously becomes
The technology of changing is a kind of technology for continuously adjusting phase voltage output waveform, carries out corresponding deformation by phase voltage output waveform and keeps
Line voltage output waveform is that sine wave is constant, hereby it is ensured that optimal utilization rate of equipment and installations and waveform output true to nature.
Current various high-low voltage frequency conversion speed regulation devices mostly use cross-straight-intersection voltage-type technical solution, are shown in Fig. 1
A kind of three-phase cross-straight-intersection voltage source low voltage frequency converter circuit diagram in the prior art first hands over the three-phase main-frequency of input side
Stream voltage signal is for conversion into pulsating direct current by three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, and the pulsating direct current is using three-phase bridge type inverse electricity
Road inversion becomes required voltage and the three-phase alternating voltage signal of frequency is added in motor load, controls motor according to scheduled
Speed operation.
In the inversion link of the program, to reduce output harmonic wave, current technical solution is all made of pulse width modulation
(PWM) technology will need the sine wave (commonly referred to as modulating wave) exported by comparing with triangular wave (commonly referred to as carrier wave)
After generate corresponding PWM wave, and corresponding PWM wave is realized by the switch motion of each device for power switching of inverter bridge
Output.
In the algorithm of most direct PWM, modulating wave is accepted standard sine wave, and this algorithm is commonly referred to as sine pulse width modulation (PWM)
(SPWM), corresponding output voltage waveforms, output electricity is adjusted by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of algorithm acceptance of the bid quasi-sine-wave
Fundamental wave component in corrugating (PWM wave) is identical with modulating wave.
SPWM technology is not well suited for low-voltage variable frequency use, because its voltage utilization is relatively low, output voltage is maximum
It can only achieve 0.866 times of input voltage.
Do not considering the pressure drop of power device etc. ideally, it is assumed that the line voltage for inputting three-phase alternating current is
380V, then the DC voltage maximum obtained after rectifying can achieveWhen using SPWM, inverter bridge
Peak-peak (the U of the phase voltage of outputφp) no more than the half of DC voltage, i.e.,The then maximum value of output line voltage are as follows:
Corresponding output line voltage virtual value is 333V, lower than input voltage.
To keep the maximum output voltage of frequency converter equal with input voltage, researcher, which uses, carries out respectively modulating wave
The method of the transformation of kind various kinds, exactly carries out some deformation process (various forms of harmonic components are added) to modulating wave, is adjusting
Wave amplitude processed is no more than UdUnder the premise of/2, making the fundamental voltage amplitude of modulating wave is more than Ud/ 2, to improve the amplitude of output voltage.
Most common in these methods is exactly Voltage Vector Method (SVPWM), and output voltage amplitude can be improved than SPWM
15%, keep the maximum output voltage of frequency converter equal with input voltage.
Using SVPWM algorithm, what whole (no matter export any frequency and amplitude) used is the tune for being superimposed harmonic wave
Wave processed, since what is be superimposed in the phase voltage of three-phase is the secondary harmonic wave of identical three times, in the three-route voltage of output, these
Harmonic wave is cancelled out each other, and for the output phase voltage of inverter although not being the sine wave of standard, line voltage is sinusoidal.And three-phase
Phase three-wire three power supply mode is usually used in alternating current generator, therefore its supply voltage is still sine, and the corresponding of phase voltage converts not shadow
Ring the normal work of motor.The characteristics of SVPWM is that algorithm comparison is simple, and amount of calculation is small, is controlling computing chip function not
Strong age, SVPWM algorithm are widely applied.In recent years, researcher is constantly studying various novel PWM calculations
Method compares the waveform continuous transformation technology being previously mentioned in the patent document that typically Patent document number is CN98117197C.
In the waveform continuous transformation technology being previously mentioned in above patent document, output voltage amplitude it is each different
On point, corresponding different harmonic signal joined.The algorithm maintain the maximum output voltage in SVPWM algorithm can be with
While equal with input voltage advantage, in conversion process, the on-off times of device for power switching can be greatly reduced,
In certain operating points, on-off times can be made at most to reduce 1/3.
Although on-off times can be made at most to reduce 1/ in the waveform continuous transformation technology being previously mentioned in above patent document
3, but be merely just to have this effect on certain operating points, on most of operating point, the reduction of on-off times is less than 1/3
, such as at its operating point 3, on-off times do not have any reduction.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of waveform continuous transformation method of low switch number, Neng Goushi
In all processes converted now, the switching frequency of power device can be made to reduce 1/3 than traditional PWM algorithm, reduce function
The switching loss of rate device improves device working efficiency.
Based on the above-mentioned purpose waveform continuous transformation method provided by the invention for reducing on-off times, it is applied to power converter
Three-phase tri-level inverter in system specially hands over-straight-knot structure, comprising the following steps:
A. according to the control mode and parameter preset of the three-phase tri-level inverter, the actual output frequency of system is determined
Value F calculates the π F of ω=2, and obtains the DC bus-bar voltage U of the three-phase tri-level inverterdWith output line voltage peak value
Ulp；
B. by the DC bus-bar voltage UdWith output line voltage peak value UlpIt is compared；
WhenWhen, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
WhenAnd make intermediate variable β, output line voltage peak value UlpWith DC bus-bar voltage UdBetween meet:When, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
WhenAnd make intermediate variable α, output line voltage peak value UlpWith DC bus-bar voltage UdBetween it is full
Foot:When, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
C. the switch of each power electronic devices of inverter bridge is obtained after obtained output phase voltage modulated wave being converted by PWM
Movement output.
In some embodiments, the acquisition output line voltage peak value UlpInclude:
When using open loop control mode, after the output frequency using manual type setting frequency converter, pass through vector controlled
Algorithm or scalar control algolithm obtain the output line voltage peak value Ulp；
When using close-loop control mode, by the measured value phase of the given value of controlled variable and the reality output amount detected
Subtract, obtain departure, after obtaining working frequency using closed-loop control internalarithmetic, passes through vector control algorithm or scalar control
Algorithm processed obtains the peak value U of the output line voltagelp。
In some embodiments, the controlled variable includes: air quantity, hydraulic pressure, motor speed.
From the above it can be seen that the waveform continuous transformation method provided by the invention for reducing on-off times, to difference
The phase voltage of amplitude carries out continuous transformation, by the way that phase voltage is first become "high", the side that later again simultaneously widens top and bottom
Method, so that transformed phase voltage in PWM modulation, there is in 1/3 time of entire wave period (one at any time
The period of wave is 360 degree, then it 1/3 is 120 degree) duty ratio of its PWM wave exported is 0% or 100%, so as to so that
The switching frequency of power electronic devices reduces 1/3 than traditional SPWM modulation system.The present invention can make inverter bridge output line electric
Under the premise of pressure remains sine wave, the on-off times of power electronic devices is made to reduce 1/3, thus greatly reduces switch damage
Consumption, and not will cause the distortion of output line voltage, reduce output harmonic wave.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is three-phase cross-straight-intersection voltage source low voltage frequency converter circuit diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the waveform continuous transformation method of the reduction on-off times of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is three level types cross-straight-intersection voltage source frequency converter circuit diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 4 is to be worked as using the algorithm of the embodiment of the present inventionWhen u phase output phase voltage modulated wave waveform diagram
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is to be worked as using the algorithm of the embodiment of the present inventionWhen u phase output phase voltage modulated wave waveform
Diagram is intended to；
Fig. 6 is to be worked as using the algorithm of the embodiment of the present inventionWhen u phase output phase voltage modulated wave waveform
Diagram is intended to；
Fig. 7 is to work as U using the algorithm of the embodiment of the present inventionlpU is gradually increased to from 0dDuring, u phase exports phase voltage
Modulating wave waveform consecutive variations process schematic.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of waveform continuous transformation methods for reducing on-off times.With reference to Fig. 2, for the present invention
The flow chart of the waveform continuous transformation method of the reduction on-off times of embodiment.
The waveform continuous transformation method for reducing on-off times, comprising the following steps:
Step 201, according to the control mode and parameter preset of the three-phase tri-level inverter, determine that the reality of system is defeated
Frequency value F out calculates the π F of ω=2, and obtains the DC bus-bar voltage U of the three-phase tri-level inverterdAnd output line voltage
Peak value Ulp。
In the present embodiment, using the topological structure of circuit diagram as shown in Figure 3, A, B, C three-phase alternating current of input
Rectified alternating current is obtained by three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, after capacitor filtering, available DC bus-bar voltage, peak
Value is denoted as Ud。
It is different according to the control mode used, obtain output line voltage peak value UlpMode different from, it is specific:
When using open loop control mode, (become by man-machine interface or communication network the setting working frequency of control system
The output frequency of frequency device) after, by vector control algorithm or by scalar control algolithm (according to voltage-frequency curve) it is available defeated
The peak value U of line voltagelp。
When using close-loop control mode, by the given value of controlled variable (such as air quantity, hydraulic pressure, motor speed) and detection
To the measured value of reality output amount subtract each other, departure is obtained, using closed-loop control arithmetic unit (using control algolithms such as PID)
After operation obtains working frequency (i.e. the output frequency of frequency converter), by vector control algorithm or pass through scalar control algolithm (root
According to voltage-frequency curve) the peak value U of available output line voltagelp。
Step 202, by the DC bus-bar voltage UdWith output line voltage peak value UlpIt is compared, it is true according to comparison result
The algorithm for determining three-phase output phase voltage, obtains output phase voltage modulated wave.
In method described in the present embodiment, the peak value U of output line voltagelpAdjustable range be 0~Ud, entirely adjust model
Three different operation intervals can be divided by enclosing, it may be assumed that Specifically
:
WhenWhen, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
WhenAnd make intermediate variable β, output line voltage peak value UlpWith DC bus-bar voltage UdBetween it is full
Foot:When, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
WhenAnd make intermediate variable α, output line voltage peak value UlpWith DC bus-bar voltage UdBetween meet:When, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
In actual use, the u phase when algorithm applied to three kinds of output phase voltages in above three section is respectively adopted
Output phase voltage modulated wave waveform diagram schematic diagram referring to fig. 4, shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6.Correspondingly, Fig. 7 is using the embodiment of the present invention
Algorithm work as UlpU is gradually increased to from 0dDuring, the process that u phase exports the waveform consecutive variations of the modulating wave of phase voltage is shown
It is intended to.
Step 203 obtains each power electronic devices of inverter bridge after converting obtained output phase voltage modulated wave by PWM
Switch motion output.
The modulating wave of u, v, w three-phase obtained by abovementioned steps operation output phase voltage is compared with triangular carrier,
It can obtain the pulsewidth modulation wave function of u, v, w three-phase voltage.
When using bipolar modulation, using circuit structure shown in Fig. 1, in the pulsewidth modulation wave function, when functional value isWhen, the upper tube (such as V1 in u phase) for controlling corresponding phase in circuit shown in FIG. 1 is connected, down tube (such as in u phase
V4 it) turns off；When functional value isWhen, down tube (such as V4 in the u phase) conducting of corresponding phase in circuit shown in FIG. 1 is controlled,
Upper tube (such as V1 in u phase) shutdown, it can obtain the alternating current of u, v, w three phase variable frequency transformation in output side transducer.
When using unipolarity modulation, using circuit structure shown in Fig. 3, in the pulsewidth modulation wave function, when functional value isWhen, the upper surface of corresponding phase two switching tubes (such as V11, V12 of u phase) conducting in circuit shown in control figure 3, below two
A switching tube (such as V13, V14 of u phase) shutdown；When functional value isWhen, in circuit shown in control figure 3 below corresponding phase
Two switching tube (such as V13, V14 of u phase) conductings, both the above switching tube (such as V11, V12 of u phase) shutdown；Work as function
When value is 0, the switching tube of centre two (such as V12, V13 of the u phase) conducting of corresponding phase, upper and lower two switching tubes in control figure 3
(such as V11, V14 of u phase) shutdown, it can obtain the alternating current of variable-frequency variable-voltage in output side transducer.
It can see by the algorithmic formula or Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 of the above-mentioned three-phase output phase voltage in the present embodiment, respectively
In the modulation wave function of phase, output voltage be equal to 0,Phase in a cycle (2 π), beAnd by
For step 203 it is found that under these three states, the corresponding power electronic devices in circuit shown in Fig. 3 is always maintained at original state
It is constant, that is, do not have to carry out switch motion, therefore this algorithm is used, it can guarantee the constant premise of output line voltage sinusoidal waveform
Under, system switching frequency can be made to reduce 1/3.
Based on described in the embodiment of the present invention, the waveform continuous transformation method of reduction on-off times of the invention has and has as follows
Beneficial effect:
It 1, can be by the electric power electricity of inverter bridge in the full scope of output voltage (voltage magnitude is from 0% to 100%)
The on-off times of sub- device reduce 1/3, and switching loss is small；
2, inverter circuit output line voltage improves 15% than traditional SPWM method, and voltage utilization is high；
3, passed through using different modulation algorithms when output line voltage amplitude is lower in the stage of different output voltages
The amplitude for improving phase voltage makes to export the reduction of burst pulse quantity, and the distortion of system output line voltage greatly reduces；
4, the waveform of phase voltage modulating wave is consecutive variations, system oscillation caused by not will cause because of modulating wave mutation.
It should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: the discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under thinking of the invention, above embodiments
Or can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, step can be realized with random order, and be existed such as
Many other variations of the upper different aspect of the invention, for simplicity, they are not provided in details.
The embodiment of the present invention be intended to cover fall into all such replacements within the broad range of appended claims,
Modifications and variations.Therefore, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, the improvement made
Deng should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of waveform continuous transformation method for reducing on-off times, applied to the three-phase tri-level inversion in power conversion system
Device specially hands over-straight-knot structure, which comprises the following steps:
A. according to the control mode and parameter preset of the three-phase tri-level inverter, the actual output frequency value F of system is determined,
The π F of ω=2 is calculated, and obtains the DC bus-bar voltage U of the three-phase tri-level inverterdWith output line voltage peak value Ulp；
B. by the DC bus-bar voltage UdWith output line voltage peak value UlpIt is compared；
WhenWhen, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
WhenAnd make intermediate variable β, output line voltage peak value UlpWith DC bus-bar voltage UdBetween meet:When, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
WhenAnd make intermediate variable α, output line voltage peak value UlpWith DC bus-bar voltage UdBetween meet:When, u, v, w three-phase export the algorithm setting of phase voltage are as follows:
C. the switch motion of each power electronic devices of inverter bridge is obtained after obtained output phase voltage modulated wave being converted by PWM
Output.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition output line voltage peak value UlpInclude:
When using open loop control mode, after the output frequency using manual type setting frequency converter, pass through vector control algorithm
Or scalar control algolithm obtains the output line voltage peak value Ulp；
When using close-loop control mode, the given value of controlled variable and the measured value of the reality output amount detected are subtracted each other,
Departure is obtained, after obtaining working frequency using closed-loop control internalarithmetic, is controlled by vector control algorithm or scalar
Algorithm obtains the peak value U of the output line voltagelp。
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the controlled variable includes: air quantity, hydraulic pressure, motor speed.
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