CN106549575B - A kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input - Google Patents
A kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input Download PDFInfo
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- CN106549575B CN106549575B CN201611116104.4A CN201611116104A CN106549575B CN 106549575 B CN106549575 B CN 106549575B CN 201611116104 A CN201611116104 A CN 201611116104A CN 106549575 B CN106549575 B CN 106549575B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
- H02M1/009—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration having two or more independently controlled outputs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converters of multi input, characterized by comprising: input voltage curing circuit, voltage conversion circuit, voltage feedback circuit, filter circuit and the voltage trimming circuit of sequential connection；The filter circuit is connect with voltage conversion circuit.The present invention extends existing multi input DC-DC converter input voltage range, a variety of single input voltage DC-DC converters are integrated, so that a converter is just able to satisfy different needs, the physical size and component number for especially reducing current multi input DC-DC converter have many advantages, such as that physical size is small, feature-rich, easy to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DC-DC converter, specifically a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input.
Background technique
Non-isolated DC-DC converter is one kind of high frequency switch power, is effectively exported admittedly after capable of changing input voltage because of it
Constant voltage, and it is widely used in the fields such as computer, communication, industrial processes and aerospace.It is generally by control chip, inductance
Coil, diode, triode, capacitor are constituted.Its principle is to be modulated by controlling chip to input voltage, by common
Tri- kinds of control modes of PFM, PWM and PFM/PWM carry out ascending, descending, lifting/lowerings processing, afterwards using filter circuit to modulated letter
It number is filtered, to reach required output voltage.For the stability for guaranteeing output voltage, it is typically provided in converter defeated
The output voltage fed back to is carried out regulating error, to guarantee constant voltage output by feed circuit by voltage regulatory function out.
Relatively conventional non-isolated DC-DC converter kind is more single in the market, and a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter is only
Can be suitably used for a kind of voltage input, and in the case where same input voltage, required function difference causes converter type different,
Cause the reduction and higher cost of reuse ratio.And existing multi input DC-DC converter can be divided into following three kinds:
(1) output-parallel converter, i.e., multiple single input DC converters in parallel.
(2) parallel connection converter is inputted, i.e., several input channels are connected in parallel, and select single input logical by control circuit
Road power supply.
(3) series type inverter, the input voltage Jing Guo proper transformation is source-series, it then connects in output translator module
On.
These multi input DC-DC converter principles are cumulative for multiple a variety of single input DC converters, or are cut by switch
The input in different channels is changed, this design scheme needs more component and larger size, is not suitable for making for integrated circuit
With and the current non-isolated DC-DC converter input voltage range of multi input it is excessively high, be unsuitable for common electronic equipment.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of can be realized Multiinputoutput, multi-functional, small size non-isolated DC-DC converter.
Summary of the invention
It is insufficient in view of the above technology, it is an object of the invention to overcome the unicity of the non-isolated DC-DC converter of series with
And the deficiency of the non-isolated DC-DC converter of existing multi input is made up, the default of low input range is supplemented, is provided a kind of low defeated
Enter the non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input of voltage range, the input voltage in each input range may be implemented needed for corresponding to
Output voltage, each input shares same reference voltage, and each channel filtering circuit is independent, and transfer efficiency is up to 96%, input electricity
Range 1.2V to 5V is pressed, output voltage 0.8 arrives 4V.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input, packet
It includes: input voltage curing circuit, PDM keyer, switch adjustment circuit, filter circuit, the Voltage Feedback electricity of sequential connection
Road and voltage trimming circuit；The voltage feedback circuit is connect with PDM keyer；
Input voltage curing circuit obtains 3~5V voltage for snapping different input voltages, and exports to pulsewidth tune
Controller processed；
PDM keyer, for 3~5V voltage to be converted into pulse-width signal to opening by internal PWM controller
Close adjustment circuit；And according to the comparison result of the feedback voltage of voltage feedback circuit and internal reference voltage, internal PWM control is controlled
The duty ratio of device processed；
Adjustment circuit is switched, for controlling internal power driving tube output pulse signal to filtering according to pulse-width signal
Circuit；
Filter circuit, for being filtered according to the duty ratio of pulse signal to the output voltage of power drive pipe, and it is defeated
Supply voltage is to voltage feedback circuit out；
Voltage feedback circuit feeds back to PDM keyer, voltage for filtered voltage to be switched over selection
Trimming circuit；
Voltage trimming circuit, for being exported after the voltage after switching selection is adjusted.
The input voltage curing circuit resistor voltage divider circuit and linear DC voltage-stablizer；Input voltage greater than 3V is through electricity
Hinder the voltage of bleeder circuit output 3.3V or/and 5V；The electricity of direct current stabilizer output 3.3V linear less than the input voltage of 3V
Pressure.
The filter circuit is multiple.
The voltage feedback circuit includes the path selection unit and bleeder circuit being linked in sequence；Path selection unit is more
It is a；
Path selection unit includes load, optocoupler and NMOS tube；The source that filter circuit output end passes through load and NMOS tube
Pole connection, load are connect with the input terminal of optocoupler, and the output end of optocoupler and the grid of NMOS tube connect, and the drain electrode of NMOS tube is through dividing
Volt circuit is connect with PDM keyer.
The voltage trimming circuit uses operational amplifier；The output voltage of voltage feedback circuit is input to through resistance R12
The positive input of operational amplifier, the also successively output end connection through resistance R6, capacitor C14, resistance R8 and operational amplifier；
The reference voltage end of operational amplifier is connected through the output end of resistance R8 and operational amplifier, is also connected to power supply through resistance R7,
Ground terminal ground connection；The output end of operational amplifier is connect through resistance R9 with inverting input terminal, also by resistance output lower than power supply
The voltage of voltage；The reference voltage terminal of node and PDM keyer between capacitor C14, resistance R8 connects, also by simultaneously
It after resistance R3, the capacitor C9 of connection, is connected through the enable end of capacitor C10 and PDM keyer, which also passes through resistance R2
The low-pass filter circuit output constituted with capacitor C11 is higher than the voltage of supply voltage.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantage:
1. the present invention include multi input voltage curing circuit, multichannel filtering circuit, PWM controller (pulse width regulating circuit and
Protect circuit), while having the function of overcurrent protection, overheat protector, forbidding, rising tune/falling tone, output voltage compensation etc..
2. the non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input extends existing multi input DC-DC converter input voltage range, to more
The single input voltage DC-DC converter of kind is integrated, so that a converter is just able to satisfy different needs, is especially reduced
The physical size and component number of current multi input DC-DC converter, has that physical size is small, feature-rich, user
Just the advantages that.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is multi input non-isolation DC-DC transformer configuration functional block diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is input voltage curing circuit structural principle block diagram.
Fig. 3 is output voltage transfer principle block diagram.
Fig. 4 is switch adjustment circuit structural circuit figure.
Fig. 5 is the structural principle block diagram of filter circuit and voltage feedback circuit.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of voltage up-down fine adjustment circuit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of designs of the non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input, it can be achieved that a variety of defeated
Enter voltage and be converted into constant output voltage, and output voltage is adjustable.
As shown in Fig. 2, input voltage curing circuit, the input voltage that front end is connected into passes through bleeder circuit and linear DC
Voltage-stablizer snaps voltage for 3.3V and 5V, and the second level to provide supply voltage for PDM keyer and to be converted inputs electricity
Pressure.When the front voltage lower than 3.3.V is upgraded to by linear DC voltage-stablizer, to will be greater than input of the 3.3V less than 5V for 3.3V electric
Pressure is reduced to 3.3V by divider resistance, will be greater than voltage of the 5V less than or equal to 7V and is reduced to 5V by bleeder circuit, to meet letter
The voltage of number synchronous Buck pulsewidth modulation modulation controller work.One input channel can receive a variety of low-voltages.
As shown in Fig. 3~Fig. 4, switch adjustment circuit is made of switch crystal NMOS tube and rectification crystal NMOS tube.Switch
The grid of crystal NMOS tube and rectification crystal NMOS tube is separately connected two control terminals of PDM keyer.Switch crystal
The output end of the source electrode connection input voltage curing circuit of NMOS tube, grid connect the control terminal of PDM keyer, switch
The source electrode of crystal NMOS tube drain electrode connection rectification crystal NMOS tube connects the phase controlling end of PDM keyer jointly.Rectification
The grounded drain of crystal NMOS tube.It switchs crystal NMOS tube and rectifies the on-off switching of crystal NMOS tube, control in filter circuit
The energy storage capacity of inductance.
As shown in figure 5, voltage feedback loop, input as each filter circuit treated supply voltage, as feedback loop
The source level of middle NMOS tube inputs, and the electric current of the connect load of supply voltage is formed in feedback loop under the control of optocoupler electric current
The grid grade control terminal of NMOS tube.When load is connected on any road of four road output voltages, the circuit voltage of connect load then passes through instead
Feed resistance feeds back to the feedback end of PDM keyer, and output voltage is adjusted.Other three tunnel for not connecing load, because of nothing
Electric current is exported, causes connect NMOS tube to be not turned on, three tunnel is without feedback regulation.
As shown in fig. 6, voltage trimming circuit, realizes the rising tune and falling tone circuit of output voltage, output voltage is after dividing
Signal by integrated operational amplifier and two groups of divider resistances Buck PDM keyer synchronous with signal all the way voltage
Reference edge carries out ratio calculating, obtains the rising tune and falling tone pin of trim voltage to converter.By the partial pressure that different value is arranged
Resistance makes output voltage increase or reduce 0%-5%.Using the short and empty disconnected principle of void of operational amplifier, switching rising tune with
Two function of falling tone, the application bigger for load transient, can be improved system's transient response ability.
The non-isolated DC-DC converter of a kind of multi input of the present invention, multi input is indicated can be defeated in an input channel
Enter the multiple voltage in range, the corresponding required multiple voltage of the exportable input of an output channel.
PDM keyer uses PWM type ISL6526IRZ chip, and built-in control, output adjusts, monitoring and protection
Function.On the one hand the input voltage of 3.3V or 5V after solidifying provide operating voltage for PDM keyer, another
The source level of higher level's NMOS driving circuit in aspect access switch adjustment circuit.The pin of PDM keyer controls switch and adjusts
The turn-on and turn-off time that NMOS tube and synchronous rectification NMOS tube are switched in whole circuit is controlled with this and is sent to electricity in filter circuit
The energy of sense, to control the size of output voltage.
Ripple percentage in filter circuit circuit involved in the present invention in inductive current is set as 45%, due to input
Output is multiple groups, and exports current requirements difference, therefore the inductance in filter circuit is different.It is defeated in conjunction with most common several inputs
No. four filter circuits are arranged in voltage mode out.No. four filter circuit can be preferable to four groups of applicable input and output ripple control,
It can be restricted for the input and output filter effect of other combinations.
Output voltage needs to maintain its stability, and output voltage is sent into pulse width modulation controlled by voltage feedback circuit
Device, and compared with the reference voltage inside PDM keyer, relatively after value and oscillator again compared with adjusting pulsewidth, from
And the time of NMOS transistor conduction is switched in control switch adjustment circuit, so that it may realize the feelings that output voltage changes in input voltage
It is invariable under condition.
Voltage trimming circuit includes two functions of rising tune and falling tone.Two functions are all the sampling electricity after sampling output voltage
Force feed enters in an operational amplifier, passes through integrated operational amplifier and the Buck pulsewidth modulation synchronous with signal of two groups of divider resistances
The voltage reference end of controller carries out ratio calculating and the setting of divider resistance value, fine tuning 0%-5% is realized, without micro-
It, can be hanging by two pins when conditioning function.Part design circuit is simple, easy to accomplish.
The present invention provides a kind of novel non-isolated DC-DC converters of multi input, utilize input voltage curing circuit, pulsewidth
Modulation controller, switch adjustment circuit, filter circuit, voltage feedback circuit and voltage trimming circuit realize a variety of low inputs
The voltage conversion function of range enriches the functionality of non-isolated DC-DC converter, reduce various electronic using it is non-every
Cost from DC-DC converter.
Referring to FIG. 1, being a kind of better embodiment of the invention.Multi input DC-DC converter is solidified by input voltage
Circuit, PDM keyer switch adjustment circuit, filter circuit, voltage feedback circuit and voltage trimming circuit composition.Input
Two kinds of linear DC voltage-stablizers, YH1718 and TL431 are selected in boosting part in curing circuit, and it is defeated that the former is applicable to 1.2V
Enter voltage, the latter is suitable for the input voltage greater than 2.5V, the decompression part in curing circuit is inputted, using two groups of divider resistances
The input voltage of 3.6V and 7V can will be 3.3V and 5V by circuit.PDM keyer uses integrated circuit ISL6526IRZ,
Operating voltage is 3.3.V or 5V, working frequency 300KHz, reference voltage 0.8V.Voltage feedback circuit is passed through by sampling resistor
Output voltage is fed back to the reference voltage of PDM keyer by operational amplifier, adjusts duty ratio after carrying out inside.
Output voltage realizes regulatory function by the resistance value and power module external load resistance of voltage feedback circuit.Voltage trimming circuit
It is constituted using integrated transporting discharging chip LM2904DGKR, which is two-way integrated transporting discharging.
Fig. 2 is input voltage curing circuit in circuit block diagram shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is switch adjustment circuit circuit diagram shown in FIG. 1.The PWM square wave generated inside PDM keyer is adjusted
The make-and-break time of the switching transistor and rectifying transistor in adjustment circuit is switched, to realize the function of decompression.D1 is low Vf
Schottky diode, W1 and D1 are pulse width modulator internal components.After pulse width modulator powers on, C2 is electrically charged.When W1 is connected
When, some is understood in the grid capacitance of switching transistor from C2 three-dimensional charge, after switching transistor is raised, conducting, electricity
Pressure will also increase, and switching transistor can continue to maintain on state.Terminate between when closed, W1 is closed.Switching transistor with
After become off state.PDM keyer can open rectifying transistor at this time, form continuous current circuit.The grid of switching transistor
Pole tension can supplement charge to C2 by D1, so as to the normal work in next period.Two transistors select NMOS tube
FDMC7672S。
Fig. 5 is the structural principle block diagram of filter circuit and voltage feedback circuit in circuit block diagram shown in Fig. 1.
Filter circuit working principle is the LC filter circuit that inductance and capacitor are constituted.According to most-often used input and output electricity
Pressure and currents match.
For example, 2.5V is exported when user needs to input 3.3V, when exporting the DC-DC converter of electric current 10A, by filtered electrical
Feel calculation formula L=(3.3-2.5) × 2.5/0.45 × 10=0.44uH, inductance need to select the inductance of 0.44uH.According to most
The voltage and current value of common power module, four road filter inductances are respectively set to 0.3uH, 0.44uH, 0.6uH, 0.83uH.
Fig. 6 is the principle of voltage up-down fine adjustment circuit in circuit block diagram shown in Fig. 1.Output voltage fine adjustment function includes micro-
It rises and two functions that edge down, the two functions passes through " setting ground " mode in actual use and carry out alternative selection.Integrated transporting discharging
The input terminal of chip LM2904DGKR connects sampling and outputting voltage, according to the disconnected empty short principle of the void of amplifier amplifier and resistance point
Pressure realizes output voltage lifting fine tuning.Fine tuning amplitude is distributed by two branch resistances and resistance value determines.The present invention achievable 0%~
5% fine tuning.Trim values and fine tuning channel can also be changed according to user and market needs.
Above-described is only specific embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all at this
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. within spirit and principle, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input, characterized by comprising: the input voltage curing circuit of sequential connection,
PDM keyer, switch adjustment circuit, filter circuit, voltage feedback circuit and voltage trimming circuit；The voltage is anti-
Current feed circuit is connect with PDM keyer；
Input voltage curing circuit obtains 3~5V voltage for snapping different input voltages, and exports to pulsewidth modulation control
Device processed；
PDM keyer, for by 3~5V voltage by internal PWM controller be converted into pulse-width signal to switch adjust
Whole circuit；And according to the comparison result of the feedback voltage of voltage feedback circuit and internal reference voltage, internal PWM controller is controlled
Duty ratio；
Adjustment circuit is switched, for controlling internal power driving tube output pulse signal to filtered electrical according to pulse-width signal
Road；Switch adjustment circuit is made of switch crystal NMOS tube and rectification crystal NMOS tube；Switch crystal NMOS tube and rectification crystal
The grid of NMOS tube is separately connected two control terminals of PDM keyer；Switch the source electrode connection input electricity of crystal NMOS tube
The source electrode of the output end of cured circuit, drain electrode connection rectification crystal NMOS tube connects the phase control of PDM keyer jointly
End processed rectifies the grounded drain of crystal NMOS tube；
Filter circuit, for being filtered according to the duty ratio of pulse signal to the output voltage of power drive pipe, i.e. pulsewidth tune
The pin of controller processed controls the turn-on and turn-off for switching and switching crystal NMOS tube and rectification crystal NMOS tube in adjustment circuit
Time controls the energy for being sent to inductance in filter circuit with this, and exports supply voltage to voltage feedback circuit；
Voltage feedback circuit feeds back to PDM keyer, voltage trim for filtered voltage to be switched over selection
Circuit；
Voltage trimming circuit, for being exported after the voltage after switching selection is adjusted.
2. the non-isolated DC-DC converter of a kind of multi input according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the input voltage is solid
Changing circuit includes resistor voltage divider circuit and linear DC voltage-stablizer；Input voltage greater than 3V exports 3.3V through resistor voltage divider circuit
Or the voltage of 5V；The voltage of direct current stabilizer output 3.3V linear less than the input voltage of 3V.
3. the non-isolated DC-DC converter of a kind of multi input according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the filter circuit is
It is multiple.
4. the non-isolated DC-DC converter of a kind of multi input according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Voltage Feedback electricity
Road includes the path selection unit and bleeder circuit being linked in sequence；Path selection unit is multiple；
Path selection unit includes load, optocoupler and NMOS tube；Filter circuit output end is connected by load and the source electrode of NMOS tube
It connects, load is connect with the input terminal of optocoupler, and the output end of optocoupler and the grid of NMOS tube connect, and the drain electrode of NMOS tube is through partial pressure electricity
Road is connect with PDM keyer.
5. the non-isolated DC-DC converter of a kind of multi input according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the voltage trim electricity
Road uses operational amplifier；The output voltage of voltage feedback circuit is input to the positive input of operational amplifier through resistance R12,
The also successively output end connection through resistance R6, capacitor C14, resistance R8 and operational amplifier；The reference voltage end of operational amplifier
It connects through the output end of resistance R8 and operational amplifier, is also connected to power supply through resistance R7, ground terminal ground connection；Operational amplifier
Output end is connect through resistance R9 with inverting input terminal, and the voltage of supply voltage is also lower than by resistance output；Capacitor C14, resistance
The reference voltage terminal of node and PDM keyer between R8 connects, after also passing through resistance R3, capacitor C9 in parallel, through electricity
The enable end for holding C10 and PDM keyer connects, which also passes through the low-pass filtering electricity that resistance R2 and capacitor C11 is constituted
Road output is higher than the voltage of supply voltage.
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| CN201611116104.4A CN106549575B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | A kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input |
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| CN201611116104.4A CN106549575B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | A kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter of multi input |
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| CN106549575B true CN106549575B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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| CN108054902B (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-12-13 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | DC/DC converter, control method and device thereof, storage medium and processor |
| CN113433839B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-07-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Synchronous rectification Boost converter simulation circuit based on virtual inductor and virtual capacitor |
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