CN106546657A - A kind of eddy current probe annular array method for detecting carbon fibre composite laying direction - Google Patents
A kind of eddy current probe annular array method for detecting carbon fibre composite laying direction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of eddy current probe annular array method for detecting carbon fibre composite laying direction, including build the annular array of eddy current probe, the selection for carrying out eddy current probe optimal frequency, eddy current probe automatic bias and adjust, extract signal characteristic information and calculate signal amplitude, show that using polar coordinates normalized signal and laying orientation angle determine.The carbon fibre composite laying direction detection method of the present invention combines linear transducer array method and carries out the extraction of probe signal induced voltage with Near resonance oscillating frequency working method, the information in carbon fiber layer plywood laying direction is presented with polar form, the judgement of carbon fiber composite layer plywood laying can accurately and effectively be realized, image taking speed is fast, imaging results are clear, reliable, visual and understandable.
Description
Technical field：
It is the present invention relates to carbon fibre composite technical field of nondestructive testing more particularly to a kind of for detecting that carbon fiber is multiple
The eddy current probe annular array method in condensation material laying direction.
Background technology：
The excellent mechanical property of carbon fibre composite, particularly with specific strength it is high, specific stiffness is big, designability is strong,
The features such as corrosion-resistant and good antifatigue damage, make the material become more and more popular in auto manufacturing with Aero-Space
One of material.Carbon fibre composite is superimposed together by certain direction by multilayer carbon fiber/epoxy resin thin slice and is made, each
In layer, fiber direction is identical.In practical application, it is to improve anisotropy, improve the overall mechanical strength of composite, phase
Adjacent bed machine direction is then laid as requested.So, machinery of the directionality of carbon fiber arrangement to composite material structural member
Performance, such as tensile strength, stretcher strain, vertically and horizontally aspect intensity ratio, formation of ratio of elongation, stress distribution and drilling defects etc.
And electric property all has a direct impact.To ensure the quality of carbon fibre composite and normally use, to composite structure
It is very necessary that the direction of middle carbon fiber arrangement is the research in laying direction.It is different from metallic article, carbon fibre composite
Thin sight construction be a complicated heterogeneous system, and be uneven and many diversities, dielectric epoxy resin in material
Exist and cause lamina that very strong anisotropy is shown on electric property.Due to the electric conductivity of carbon fiber so that whirlpool in plate
Stream is elongated in machine direction, and is compressed in remaining direction.Therefore, can be using laying direction in eddy-current method measurement composite
The directionality of fiber alignment in information, and then evaluation structure.
At present, the method for detection fibers orientation is mainly rotary eddy current detecting probe method, and the method is by rotation of popping one's head in
The mode of turning reaches testing goal, therefore there is certain defect and limitation：
(1) conventional rotary eddy current probe method is the acquisition angles change successively changing detection angles by rotating detector
When detection signal, the signal of all directions in surface of test piece is obtained with this.
(2) it is to obtain the induced signal on circumferencial direction at Difference angles, needs multiple rotary and positioning probe.So
And in actually detected, pop one's head in and the distance between test specimen to be measured inevitably can change, and then measure error is introduced,
Detection sensitivity is had a huge impact.
(3) in actual field application, need quick and precisely to detect the device of carbon fiber orientation particularly with those
For, undoubtedly increased the error rate of detection time and result.
The content of the invention：
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of eddy current probe circular array for detecting carbon fibre composite laying direction
Row method, the method obtain the structural information of carbon fiber layer plywood more using a transmitting-eddy current probe annular array modes for receiving,
And the extraction using follow-up signal and processing procedure, it is final that carbon fiber is presented in the way of image again with reference to polar coordinate representation method
Fiber architecture information in condensation material structure, can accurately and effectively realize the identification of carbon fiber layer plywood machine direction, imaging
Speed is fast, as a result clearly, reliable, visual and understandable.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of eddy current probe ring for detecting carbon fibre composite laying direction
Shape Array Method, comprises the following steps：
Step one：Build the annular array of eddy current probe：Equably eddy current probe is arranged by circular pattern in the structure, and
Ensure that eddy current probe covers the Zone Full of engineering structure to be measured, eddy current probe is popped one's head in for send-receive, connect using a transmitting more
Debit's formula；
Step 2：Carry out the selection of eddy current probe optimal frequency：Receiving transducer is completed after arranged, it is determined that transmitting is visited
The optimum working frequency of head, to reach Optimum Excitation mode；
Step 3：Eddy current probe automatic bias are adjusted：By the send-receive probe of array in air, by locking phase
The automatic bias of amplifier are adjusted and for the real part of now receiving transducer and imaginary part voltage to be set to 0, subsequently, by the transmitting of array-
Receiving transducer is positioned over carbon fiber layer board structure surface；
Step 4：Extract signal characteristic information and calculate signal amplitude：By the eddy current probe circular array of step one, two and three
Row mode detects the signal of various location in carbon fiber composite structure, and records the real part V of position eddy current signalx
With imaginary part Vy.Obtaining each receiving transducer induced voltageAfterwards, the probe letter to obtaining in 0 ° of -360 ° of angle
Number it is normalized, normalized signal V'(θ ') it is expressed as：
V'(θ ')=Δ V (θ ')/Vmax
Wherein, Δ V (θ ') be receiving transducer be located at angle, θ ' when receiving transducer inductive voltage value, VmaxIt is different angles
The maximum of coil voltage；
Step 5：Normalized signal is shown using polar coordinates：According to the normalized signal that step 4 is obtained, using polar coordinates
Method draws normalized induced voltage amplitude；
Step 6：Laying orientation angle determines：Laminate laying direction is carried out according to the polar diagram that step 5 is drawn
Analysis, changes size according to eddy current signal and judges laying directional information, and the angle position of local maximum indicates machine direction,
The size order of signal value is corresponding with ply stacking-sequence.
Further, the optimum working frequency is the resonant frequency of nearly transmitting probe.
Further, the receiving transducer is arranged by annular array mode, each receiving transducer and transmitting probe center distance
For 10mm.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) according to impact of the different directions electrical conductivity size to coil signal amplitude in carbon fibre composite, using ring
The current vortex signal of different circumferencial directions in the current vortex sensing unit collection structure of shape distribution.Vortex receiving transducer annular array
Method shortens detection time, while avoiding the machinery rotation of single probe and the measure error for thus introducing.The circular array
Row method has noncontact, non-intervention and non-harmful feature.By obtaining and analyzing by conductivity variations institute in material structure
The coil for causing receives signal, is all-sidedly and accurately reflected in composite structure by fiber architecture direction using polar coordinate representation method
The variable quantity that change causes, realizes the identification to fiber laying direction in carbon fiber composite structure.This is applied for scene,
For the device of quick detection is required particularly with those, a undoubtedly much progress.
(2) present invention includes arrangement eddy current probe array way, the selection of exciting signal frequency, receiving transducer signal extraction
And fleece-laying direction determines several steps in composite structure.Wherein, be vortexed receiving transducer by annular array mode come
The scanning that 360 ° of regions in geodesic structure are treated in detection is reached, shortens detection time, eliminate machinery rotation and the measurement for thus introducing
Error；Using rational data acquisition equipment, adjusted by automatic bias, record the eddy current signal in whole circumference region；Root
According to the physical location of the signal amplitude and receiving transducer of record, each signal is normalized；Using polar coordinate mode it is in
The normalized signal of position on existing circumference；Laying directional information, local pole are judged finally according to eddy current signal change size
The angle position of big value represents machine direction, and the size order of signal value is corresponding with ply stacking-sequence.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the present invention for detecting the flow process of the eddy current probe annular array method in carbon fibre composite laying direction
Figure.
Fig. 2 is probe annular array schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is probe signal and coil impedance comparison schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the eddy current signal schematic diagram on carbon fiber board under different coil-spans.
Fig. 5 (a), 5 (b), 5 (c) are that carbon fiber board is reached the standard grade the polar diagram of ring signal under three kinds of different layings.
Specific embodiment：
The present invention program is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Following examples are with technical solution of the present invention as front
Carry and being implemented, give specific embodiment and operating process, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to following enforcements
Example.
Step one：Build the annular array of eddy current probe.Equably eddy current probe is arranged by circular pattern in the structure, and
Ensure that eddy current probe covers the Zone Full of engineering structure to be measured, eddy current probe is popped one's head in for send-receive, connect using a transmitting more
Debit's formula, the position of each receiving transducer need to keep a determining deviation with transmitting probe, it is to avoid due to the vortex weight near transmitting coil
The impact of overlay receiving coil signal.Receiving transducer is arranged by annular array mode, in each receiving transducer and transmitting probe in the heart
Away from for 10mm.
As shown in Fig. 2 by taking the array way constituted by 17 sensors as an example, the eddy current probe at annular center will be selected
In, used as transmitting probe, remaining 16 annular array eddy current probe is used as receiving transducer.Generally, vortex is near transmitting coil
Region overlaps, if receiving coil is close from transmitting coil, in such as Fig. 3 at position 1, now whirlpool in all directions in overlay region
Flow valuve differs very little, and on circumferencial direction, the signal amplitude change of each receiving coil is little.To ensure testing result accurately and reliably,
By taking the array way constituted by 17 sensors as an example, the arrangement of receiving transducer is made to meet following condition：
A () 16 receiving coils are 10mm with the transmitting coil center distance at annular center；
B () 16 receiving coils angle difference circumferentially should be minimum angle of the machine direction more than 0 in structural member
The half of degree, it is ensured that detection sensitivity.By taking 45 ° of machine directions as an example, then differential seat angle is 22.5 °.
When meeting above-mentioned two condition, the vortex near transmitting coil overlaps the impact of docking take-up ring signal to be become very
It is little, receive signal and produced by the electric current extended in machine direction, as shown in Figure 4.
Step 2：Carry out the selection of eddy current probe optimal frequency.Receiving transducer is completed after arranged, using frequency sweep side
Formula determines the optimum working frequency of transmitting probe, to reach optimum mode of operation.The big expression of resistance of excitation coil is being passed through phase
With under driving voltage, coil energizing current is little, and this is unfavorable for space magnetic field intensity and receiving coil voltage is improved.For
Eddy current probe in the present embodiment, when frequency be less than the 2.45MHz of resonant frequency point, when, the electricity induced in receiving coil
Pressure value is maximum, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein optimum working frequency is the resonant frequency of nearly transmitting probe.
Step 3：Eddy current probe automatic bias are adjusted.By the send-receive probe of array in air, by locking phase
The automatic bias of amplifier are adjusted and for the real part of now receiving transducer and imaginary part voltage to be set to 0.Subsequently, by the transmitting of array-
Receiving transducer is positioned over carbon fiber composite structure surface.
Step 4：Extract signal characteristic information and calculate signal amplitude：By the eddy current probe circular array of step one, two and three
Row mode detects the signal of various location in carbon fiber composite structure, and records the real part V of position eddy current signalx
With imaginary part Vy.Obtaining each receiving transducer induced voltageAfterwards, the probe letter to obtaining in 0 ° of -360 ° of angle
Number it is normalized, normalized signal V'(θ ') it is expressed as：
V'(θ ')=Δ V (θ ')/Vmax
Wherein, Δ V (θ ') be receiving transducer be located at angle, θ ' when receiving transducer inductive voltage value, VmaxIt is different angles
The maximum of coil voltage；
Step 5：Normalized signal is shown using polar coordinates：According to the normalized signal that step 4 is obtained, using polar coordinates
Method draws normalized induced voltage amplitude；
Step 6：Laying orientation angle determines.Composite plys direction is entered according to the polar diagram that step 5 is drawn
Row analysis, by draw signal with angle change polar diagram it is measurable go out carbon fiber composite structure in fiber alignment
Direction.Size is changed according to eddy current signal and judges laying directional information, the angle position of local maximum indicates machine direction,
The size order of signal value is corresponding with ply stacking-sequence.
By taking the carbon fibre composite plate under three kinds of different layings as an example, its normalized polar coordinates shows result such as Fig. 5
It is shown, it is confirmatory measurement result, in figure, gives FEM Numerical Simulation and experimental measurements in the lump.Experimental result is by solid line
'-', represents that simulation result is represented by dotted line ' --- '.
Wherein eddy current probe is fiber direction in laminated plate structure to be obtained by the purpose that annular array mode builds.
In the method for the present invention, in arrangement eddy current probe array way step one, if the number of receiving transducer is nature
Number is N number of, and its distribution and performance must are fulfilled for following condition：(1) N number of receiving transducer allows for constituting array side symmetrically
Formula；(2) N number of receiving transducer differential seat angle in a circumferential direction is more than angle, θ；(3) center of N number of receiving transducer and transmitting probe
Away from more than vortex overlapping region.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, some improvement can also be made under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, these improvement also should be regarded as the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of eddy current probe annular array method for detecting carbon fibre composite laying direction, it is characterised in that：Including
The following steps：
Step one：Build the annular array of eddy current probe：Equably eddy current probe is arranged by circular pattern in the structure, and ensure
Eddy current probe covers the Zone Full of engineering structure to be measured, and eddy current probe is popped one's head in for send-receive, using many recipients of a transmitting
Formula；
Step 2：Carry out the selection of eddy current probe optimal frequency：Receiving transducer is completed after arranged, determine transmitting probe
Optimum working frequency, to reach Optimum Excitation mode；
Step 3：Eddy current probe automatic bias are adjusted：By the send-receive probe of array in air, mutually amplified by lock
The automatic bias of device are adjusted and for the real part of now receiving transducer and imaginary part voltage to be set to 0, subsequently, by the send-receive of array
Probe placement is in carbon fiber layer board structure surface；
Step 4：Extract signal characteristic information and calculate signal amplitude：By the eddy current probe of step one, two and three annular array side
The signal of various location in formula detection carbon fiber composite structure, and record the real part V of position eddy current signalxAnd void
Portion Vy, obtaining each receiving transducer induced voltageAfterwards, the probe signal to obtaining in 0 ° of -360 ° of angle enters
Row normalization, normalized signal V'(θ ') it is expressed as：
V'(θ ')=Δ V (θ ')/Vmax
Wherein, Δ V (θ ') be receiving transducer be located at angle, θ ' when receiving transducer inductive voltage value, VmaxIt is that different angles are reached the standard grade
The maximum of circle voltage；
Step 5：Normalized signal is shown using polar coordinates：According to the normalized signal that step 4 is obtained, using polar coordinate method
Draw normalized induced voltage amplitude；
Step 6：Laying orientation angle determines：Laminate laying direction is analyzed according to the polar diagram that step 5 is drawn,
Size is changed according to eddy current signal and judges laying directional information, the angle position of local maximum indicates machine direction, signal
The size order of value is corresponding with ply stacking-sequence.
2. it is used for as claimed in claim 1 detecting the eddy current probe annular array method in carbon fibre composite laying direction, its
It is characterised by：The optimum working frequency is the resonant frequency of nearly transmitting probe.
3. it is used for as claimed in claim 1 detecting the eddy current probe annular array method in carbon fibre composite laying direction, its
It is characterised by：The receiving transducer is arranged by annular array mode, and each receiving transducer is 10mm with transmitting probe center distance.
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| CN201610888797.2A CN106546657B (en) | 2016-10-11 | 2016-10-11 | It is a kind of for detecting the eddy current probe annular array method in carbon fibre composite laying direction |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109975398A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of heat-transfer pipe vortex detecting probe magnetic flux coil wiring detecting method |
| WO2023164267A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | Verifi Technologies, Llc | Eddy current probe and method for determining ply orientation using eddy current and ultrasonic probes |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109975398A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of heat-transfer pipe vortex detecting probe magnetic flux coil wiring detecting method |
| CN109975398B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2022-10-21 | 核动力运行研究所 | Method for detecting wiring of magnetic flux coil of eddy current detection probe of heat transfer pipe |
| WO2023164267A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | Verifi Technologies, Llc | Eddy current probe and method for determining ply orientation using eddy current and ultrasonic probes |
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| CN106546657B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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