CN106546520A - Combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration and measuring method - Google Patents

Combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration and measuring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106546520A
CN106546520A CN201610976745.0A CN201610976745A CN106546520A CN 106546520 A CN106546520 A CN 106546520A CN 201610976745 A CN201610976745 A CN 201610976745A CN 106546520 A CN106546520 A CN 106546520A
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China
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concentration
combustion powder
light source
powder
measurement
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CN201610976745.0A
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CN106546520B (en
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王铁进
尹世博
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/075Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration and measuring method, combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration includes support member, light source, CCD camera and mole balance, the support member include with combustion powder transport pipeline with the straight length of diameter and be welded in the straight length two ends for fire the ring flange that is connected of powder transport pipeline, the light source, CCD camera and mole balance are configured on the tube wall of the straight length in the way of on same section at each interval, and the light source, CCD camera and a mole balance are respectively connected with Measurement and Control System.Combustion powder concentration can be measured with real-time high-precision using the present invention.

Description

Combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration and measuring method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration and measuring method.
Background technology
At present, the large medium-size boiler of electricity power enterprise is most adopts coal dust and air mixed combustion mode, burner to be distributed on In boiler, different according to boiler scale, number of burners is different, in the boiler of medium-sized or above scale generally arrangement ten a few to tens of Individual burner.Coal dust is made up of coal pulverizer grinding raw coal, comprising certain diameter range of particle, is mixed to form certain coal dust with air The mixture of concentration, in the different burners by pipeline in boiler.Research discovery, the efficiency of combustion of burner and combustion The composition for burning product constitutes the concentration for depending on coal dust in mixture.
During boiler combustion chamber design, in order to reach high efficiency of combustion, the high combustion efficiency of each burner is needed, this is just It is required that the concentration of coal dust in each burner is identical.China's power industry standard《Thermal power plant coal dust preparation system design mark Accurate and computational methods》(DL/T5154-2002) the 8.1st article of middle clear stipulaties, to medium-speed pulverizer unit pulverized-coal system, burn with layer Coal dust and air between each primary air piping of device should be evenly distributed, and its air quantity difference is not more than ± 8%, and coal powder distribation deviation is little In ± 10%.In fact, as the mixed process of air and coal dust, transport process of mixture etc. can cause each burner The distribution of the concentration and coal dust of middle coal dust is different.At present, each burner coal powder distribation of China overwhelming majority unit generally existing Inequality, the big problem of coal-air ratio deviation, reachable ± more than 30% most (deviateing 50% also very common), so as to cause production In many problems.Therefore, the coal dust flow velocity and coal powder density of science has very to efficient, the low nitrogen of boiler, safe combustion Great meaning.
Flowing of the mixture of coal dust and air in conveyance conduit belongs to Gas-solid Two-phase Flow, due to by such as pipeline The impact of geometry, air-flow humiture, coal dust physical parameter etc., coal dust flow process are extremely complex, therefore, coal dust flowing ginseng Several measurements is extremely challenging.Traditional method mainly includes sampled measurements method and mixture concentration estimation algorithm.In sampled measurements In method, sampler is directly protruding in power transportation pipe, collection within a certain period of time flows into the coal dust in sampler, then Taking-up is weighed, in prediction on such basis the concentration of coal dust.In mixture concentration estimation algorithm, the coal dust amount that ground according to coal pulverizer and plus The air capacity for entering, estimates the concentration of coal dust in mixture.Due in mixed process and course of conveying, coal dust cuts in pipeline The distribution in face is simultaneously uneven, and pipeline is also different along the distribution of journey diverse location, therefore, sampled measurements method is a position Put the concentration of measurement, error is very big, and the concentration of different cross section can not be represented, in addition, this is owned by France in contact type measurement, by In pipeline, coal powder density is big, big for the abrasion of sampler, and sampled measurements method is not suitable for real-time monitoring.Mixture concentration is estimated Algorithm does not consider specific mixing and transport process, its coal dust for providing according to the coal dust amount and air quantity measured at source Concentration only has reference value, does not represent the actual coal powder density value in pipeline.
The nineties in last century, many research institutions, industrial organization all attempt to develop commercially viable application both at home and abroad Boiler coal-ash concentration measurement system, occurs in that the e measurement technology of numerous coal powder densities, mainly includes:Heat balance method of, energy method, light Method, capacitance method, heat transfer method, microwave method, supercritical ultrasonics technology, electrostatic method, etc..The characteristics of each measuring method has oneself, but Also it is inevitably present certain shortcoming:Such as, heat balance method of is only applicable to hot blast and coal dust the middle storage of larger temperature difference Storehouse formula pulverized coal carried by hot air system, but it is pure in difficulty with the determination of the mixing length of hot blast for coal dust;The proportionality coefficient of energy method In contain numerous complicated factors for being difficult to and determining, such as particle swarm coefficient of friction, speed ratio and floating velocity etc., the method is only used for The qualitative analyses and engineering calculation of air-transport system;Optical meanss instrument price is expensive, and Operation and Maintenance is difficult, in the industry should With there is certain difficulty;There is sensitivity profile non-uniformity problem in capacitance method, make measurement result not only relevant with coal powder density, and And being affected very big by coal dust distribution and variations in flow patterns, measurement error is larger;Heat transfer method is received with sensitive to coal dust reacting condition Other factors interference is little, and the advantages of transform little and cheap test instrumentation to field pipes, but relationship or chart are bent The determination of line has difficulties.Supercritical ultrasonics technology, electrostatic method are applied on a small quantity, and due to expensive, domestic electrical enterprise is difficult to hold Receive.Additive method is more also in the experimental stage.
Although having there is the e measurement technology and product of numerous coal powder densities, it is contemplated that the severe working condition of industry spot, Can be really few in the e measurement technology of industry spot reliability application.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration and measuring method, accurately monitor in real time can fire powder concentration.
The combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration of the present invention includes support member, light source, CCD camera and mole balance, the support Part include with combustion powder transport pipeline with diameter straight length and be welded in the straight length two ends for fire powder delivery tube The ring flange of road connection, the light source, CCD camera and mole balance are configured in the way of on same section at each interval On the tube wall of the straight length, and the light source, CCD camera and a mole balance are respectively connected with Measurement and Control System.
It is preferred that the light source is 1, the CCD camera is 2, and described mole of balance is 4, their configuration mode For:The circumference in straight length centre position offers 7 installing holes, sets the position of center line of uppermost installing hole as 0 °, institute State light source to be configured in the installing hole of 0 ° of position, along clockwise direction, 4 moles of balances are arranged respectively at 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, in the installing hole of 180 ° of positions, 2 CCD cameras at 225 °, in the installing hole of 315 ° of positions.
The present invention provides a kind of combustion powder concentration measuring method, is filled using the combustion powder measurement of concetration described in claim 1 or 2 The measuring method put, which includes:Step one, starts light source, while opening CCD camera catches pipeline section inner light beam scatter diagram Picture;Step 2, in the image processing software of image transmitting to Measurement and Control System, will extract pipeline section internal combustion powder stream first Dynamic non-Disengagement zone, then according to combustion powder concentration difference, the different principle of scattering effect is recognized in non-Disengagement zone and fires powder concentration not Same some regions;Step 3, by the data acquisition function of Measurement and Control System, obtains the different Ran Fen concentration areas for marking off The data of the frictional resistance balance in domain, and transmit to Measurement and Control System and carry out data processing;Step 4, it is dense according to existing combustion powder Relational database between degree and Value of Friction Loss, obtains the combustion powder concentration value of zones of different, takes the average pipe as in this sampling Fire powder concentration value in road section.
According to time interval, repeat the above steps one to step 4, it is capable of the change of monitor in real time pipeline internal combustion powder concentration value Change situation.
The present invention has taken into full account that zones of different fires the different situation of powder concentration on same section in pipeline, dynamic with reference to air The frictional resistance e measurement technology of mechanics field, can be greatly improved certainty of measurement.It is dense with the method energy monitor in real time pipeline internal combustion powder Degree change, and by changing sampling time interval, certainty of measurement can be adjusted.
The present invention is using the upper ripe Mie scattering technology of aerodynamic test and frictional resistance e measurement technology, simple, High precision, low price.It is little for the impact of pipe under test internal combustion powder concentration, can measure in real time.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for firing powder apparatus for measuring concentration.Fig. 2 is that combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration is attached on pipeline Scheme of installation.
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram for firing powder apparatus for measuring concentration and Measurement and Control System.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration, and which relies on the principles such as a meter formula scattering, frictional resistance measurement, with measurement Control system with reference to fire powder concentration measure.
As shown in figure 1, combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration is by configuring light source 2, CCD camera 3 and frictional resistance day in support member 1 Flat 4 composition.
Support member 1 includes the straight length with the same diameter of boiler conveyance conduit and is welded in two methods at straight length two ends Orchid, can entirely be fired powder apparatus for measuring concentration by the flange at two ends and be arranged on boiler conveyance conduit.
Light source 2, CCD camera 3 and frictional resistance balance 4 are respectively arranged on the straight length of support member 1, respective configuration side Formula, position and quantity can be decided according to the actual requirements.In the present invention, 1 light source of Selection utilization, 2,2 CCD cameras 3 and 4 rub Resistance balance 4, as shown in figure 1, they are configured in the centre position of straight length.Concrete configuration mode is along straight length interposition The circumference put opens up 7 installing holes.The position of center line of uppermost installing hole is set as 0 °, along clockwise direction, remaining hole Position is respectively 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, 180 °, 225 °, 315 °.Light source 2 is configured in the installing hole of 0 ° of position.By clockwise Direction successively in each installing hole configure 4 frictional resistance balances 4, then configure 2 CCD cameras 3.That is, 4 points of 4 frictional resistance balances Being satisfied with dress hole for 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° and 180 ° positions is not installed on.2 CCD cameras are separately mounted to 225 ° and 315 ° of positions Installing hole in.
It is horizontal stroke that upper and lower vertical pipeline and left and right are connected to using bend pipe due to transport pipeline that above-mentioned configuration mode is To pipeline, on the section of the horizontal pipeline of bend pipe, combustion powder concentration is changed by layer from top to bottom, i.e. in same height position The combustion powder concentration put is roughly the same, and the uppermost region in section, it is possible to produce fluid region detached with tube wall.
The installation site for firing powder apparatus for measuring concentration in boiler tubing system is as shown in Fig. 2 Measurement and Control System includes one The relevant application software of platform main frame, 4 sets of combustion powder measurement of concetrations, a display and connection line.Light source 2, CCD camera 3, frictional resistance Balance 4 is connected with Measurement and Control System by connection line respectively, as shown in Figure 3.
Specifically measurement process is:
1) start light source 2, while opening CCD camera catches pipeline section inner light beam dispersion image;
2) pipeline section internal combustion powder stream in the image processing software of image transmitting to Measurement and Control System, will be extracted first Dynamic non-Disengagement zone, then according to combustion powder concentration difference, the different principle of scattering effect is recognized in non-Disengagement zone and fires powder concentration not Same some regions;
During conveying in combustion powder and gas are blended in pipeline, it is different that powder concentration distribution is fired on cross-section of pipeline , after bent tube section, it is possible to produce fluid situation detached with duct wall, need in the measurements to reject the portion Get data, i.e. do not adopt the data of the frictional resistance balance 4 in Disengagement zone, only with the number of the frictional resistance balance 4 of non-Disengagement zone According to.
3) frictional resistance by the data acquisition function of Measurement and Control System, in the different combustion powder concentration ranges that acquisition is marked off The data of balance, and transmit to Measurement and Control System and carry out data processing;
4) according to the relational database between the combustion powder concentration and Value of Friction Loss set up, obtain the combustion powder concentration of zones of different Value, averages as the pipeline section combustion powder concentration value in this sampling;
5) continue time interval sampling next time, repeat 1) to 4) the step of, obtain corresponding combustion powder concentration value, then can be real When monitor pipeline internal combustion powder concentration value situation of change.
The installation site of above-mentioned combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration can be varied depending on, CCD camera and mole mole day Flat quantity and configuration mode can be varied depending on.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, which is not for limiting the present invention, any this area skill Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, therefore, the guarantor of the present invention The scope that shield scope should be defined by the claims in the present invention is defined.

Claims (4)

  1. It is 1. a kind of to fire powder apparatus for measuring concentration, it is characterised in that:Including support member, light source, CCD camera and mole balance, institute State support member include with combustion powder transport pipeline with diameter straight length and be welded in the straight length two ends for fire powder The ring flange of transport pipeline connection, the light source, CCD camera and mole balance are spaced in the way of on same section Be configured on the tube wall of the straight length, and the light source, CCD camera and mole balance respectively with Measurement and Control System It is connected.
  2. It is 2. as claimed in claim 1 to fire powder apparatus for measuring concentration, it is characterised in that:The light source is 1, the CCD camera For 2, described mole of balance is 4, and the circumference in the straight length centre position offers 7 installing holes, sets uppermost The position of center line of installing hole is 0 °, and the light source is configured in the installing hole of 0 ° of position, along clockwise direction, 4 moles Balance is arranged respectively in the installing hole of 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° and 180 ° positions, and 2 CCD cameras are arranged respectively at 225 ° and 315 ° In the installing hole of position.
  3. 3. a kind of combustion powder concentration measuring method, is the measurement side using the combustion powder apparatus for measuring concentration described in claim 1 or 2 Method, it is characterised in that include:
    Step one, starts light source, while opening CCD camera catches pipeline section inner light beam dispersion image;
    Step 2, in the image processing software of image transmitting to Measurement and Control System, will extract pipeline section internal combustion powder first The non-Disengagement zone of flowing, then according to combustion powder concentration difference, the different principle of scattering effect is recognized Different some regions;
    Step 3, by the data acquisition function of Measurement and Control System, rubbing in the different combustion powder concentration ranges that acquisition is marked off The data of resistance balance, and transmit to Measurement and Control System and carry out data processing;
    Step 4, according to the relational database between existing combustion powder concentration and Value of Friction Loss, obtains the combustion powder concentration of zones of different Value, averages as the pipeline section combustion powder concentration value in this sampling.
  4. It is 4. according to claim 3 to fire powder concentration measuring method, it is characterised in that:According to time interval, repeat the above steps one To step 4, it is capable of the situation of change of monitor in real time pipeline internal combustion powder concentration value.
CN201610976745.0A 2016-10-27 2016-10-27 Fire powder apparatus for measuring concentration and measurement method Active CN106546520B (en)

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