CN106546495B - The naked beam Static Load Test Method of load control moment is determined based on strain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of naked beam Static Load Test Methods that load control moment is determined based on strain, based on the maximum strain designed under vehicular load and deck paving synergy under bridge completion state, control moment is determined by naked beam section the moment of inertia retrospectively calculate according to its maximum strain value.The method has fully considered naked beam at bridge construction and loading process, and in being dead load for naked beam in bridge construction process, the dead load of deck paving is undertaken by naked beam deck paving completely；During Cheng Qiaohou operation under design vehicle load action, part deck paving and beam body co-ordination form stress entirety, shared design vehicle load.In short, the fining of the precision of naked beam static test control moment, controlling test can be achieved in the present invention, it is widely used in bridge naked beam static test field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the naked beam Static Load Test Methods of bridge more particularly to a kind of determined based on strain to load control moment
Naked beam Static Load Test Method.
Background technique
In bridge construction field, before bridge floor is not mated formation or the beam of precast assembly is not carried out before wet joint concrete pours
Referred to as naked beam (including the naked beam two major classes of the naked beam of steel, concrete).When occurring construction quality query in bridge construction process, such as naked beam
Beam body concrete strength is not achieved design requirement, prestressed stretch-draw and crack of unknown cause etc. occurs less than, beam body, to determine
Whether naked beam is able to satisfy the requirement of design bearing capacity when existing quality query, need to carry out naked beam static test；Naked beam static test
Be also the naked beam of identification can normal operation an important means because testing naked beam least by naked beam static load test
Actual loading situation under sharp load action, it can be determined that the actual bearer ability of single-spar construction.
Before carrying out naked beam static test, it is thus necessary to determine that the load control moment of static test, current common practice is:
According to the sum of the dead load (predominantly deck paving) and design vehicle load inner force effect (moment of flexure) acted on before not constructing on naked beam,
As the foundation of naked beam static test load control moment, such as " prestressed concrete of " low temperature Building technology " the 3rd phase in 2012
Cored slab single-beam Static " a literary way.However, there are many improper places for the way: one is having ignored bridge
Face is mated formation not a part of still dead load, bridge mat formation completion formed after intensity also coordinate together with naked beam same stress, formed it is new
Section shared design vehicle load, be both not scientific；The second is dead load (predominantly deck paving) on naked beam and setting
It counts the sum of stress effect in vehicular load and is used as static load control moment, the bearing capacity of naked beam is effectively less than holds at beam body when bridge
Loading capability, therefore the excessive strain of naked beam, displacement is easily caused even crack occur, cause static test to be judged by accident, is both
It is dangerous；The third is needing more load loads or smaller load, preloading, jack load or other loading methods are caused
Substance, energy waste, be both uneconomical or conclusion (of pressure testing) that underload obtains does not have convincingness.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of naked beam static load examinations that load control moment is determined based on strain
Proved recipe method, the method are able to achieve the fining of the precision of naked beam static test load control moment, controlling test, can be widely applied
In bridge naked beam static test field.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The naked beam Static Load Test Method that load control moment is determined based on strain, based on designing vehicular load under bridge completion state
And the maximum strain under deck paving synergy, it is determined according to its maximum strain value by naked beam section the moment of inertia retrospectively calculate
Control moment.
Deck paving is that reinforced concrete bridge deck is mated formation or fiber steel reinforcing concrete deck paving.
Naked beam is the naked beam of steel or the naked beam of concrete.
The above-mentioned naked beam Static Load Test Method that load control moment is determined based on strain, operation carries out according to the following steps:
<1>in naked girder span and a quarter section lower edge installation displacement meter, strain transducer or foil gauge is pasted, and connect
Enter to acquire equipment and computer；
<2>according to stock ground material stock situation, loading method is chosen, so that generating equivalent bending moment M in naked girder spandx?；
Equivalent bending moment MdxMake naked beam beam bottom generate with bridge mat formation dead load, acted at bridge design load and lower generate numerical value equal strain
Moment:
<3>strain and shift value are read before load, after every grade of load and after unloading, calculates bullet according to surveying strain, being displaced
Property strain, elastic displacement value, further according to theoretical calculation strain, be displaced calculate strain checkout coefficient and displacement checkout coefficient, according to
Naked joist support loading capability is judged according to strain checkout coefficient and displacement checkout coefficient.
Equivalent bending moment M in step<2>dxIt calculates and determines as follows:
In formula, I is the moment of inertia of bridge completion state underbeam after the completion of mating formation；Y be after the completion of mating formation under bridge completion state beam bottom away from
With a distance from neutral axis；E is the integral, flexible modulus of bridge completion state underbeam after the completion of mating formation；MhIt is curved under design live loading
Square； MeqFor the moment of flexure under secondary dead load effect；I ' is the moment of inertia of naked beam before deck paving；E ' is naked beam before deck paving
Elasticity modulus；Y ' is distance of the deck paving front-axle beam bottom apart from neutral axis.
Loading method is jack load or weight preloading.
The load of weight preloading is concrete balancing weight or reinforcing bar, and load is in naked girder span middle section two sides homogeneous reactor
It puts, heap loading line density to generate equivalent bending moment M in naked girder spandx?.
Load is uniformly classified preloading, is divided into 3~5 grades.
Determine that naked beam loads the not scientific, dangerous, uneconomic of control moment and does to solve current naked beam static test
Method, inventor are established a kind of determined based on strain and loaded on the basis of having carried out analysis and the derivation of equation with regard to loading process
The naked beam Static Load Test Method of control moment, based on being designed under vehicular load and deck paving synergy most under bridge completion state
Big strain, determines control moment by naked beam section the moment of inertia retrospectively calculate according to its maximum strain value.The method fully considers
Naked beam is at bridge construction and loading process, and deck paving is in bridge construction process in being dead load, deck paving for naked beam
Dead load undertaken completely by naked beam；During Cheng Qiaohou operation under design vehicle load action, part deck paving and beam
Body co-ordination forms stress entirety, shared design vehicle load.For this purpose, the present invention can be achieved precisely to determine static load control
Moment of flexure processed avoids the load control moment that Normal practice is excessive, causes the wave of resource in naked beam destruction and loading procedure, the energy
Take；Or the load control moment for avoiding Normal practice too small, cause static test to load the erroneous judgement not in place for leading to conclusion (of pressure testing).
In short, the fining of the precision of naked beam static test control moment, controlling test can be achieved in the present invention, it is widely used in bridge
Naked beam static test field.
Compared with prior art, outstanding advantage of the invention is characterized in particular in:
(1) it considers bridge and mats formation to complete to be formed after intensity and coordinate that same stress, to form new section common together with naked beam
Undertake design vehicle load, it is more scientific, meet actual loading situation；
(2) the sum of the dead load (predominantly deck paving) on naked beam and design vehicle load inner force effect are controlled as static load
Moment of flexure, easily causes test load moment of flexure to be greater than the moment that should bear of naked beam beam body, i.e. loading efficiency coefficient is greater than specification and permits
Perhaps it is worth, therefore the excessive strain of naked beam, displacement is easily caused even crack occur, static test is caused to fail, is dangerous；
(3) the sum of the dead load on naked beam and design vehicle load inner force effect are used as static load control moment, easily cause test
The moment that should bear that moment of flexure is less than naked beam beam body is loaded, i.e., loading efficiency coefficient is less than specification permissible value, therefore easily causes
The erroneous judgement of conclusion (of pressure testing)；
(4) it saves load substance, reduce load energy consumption.
(5) fining of naked beam static test is realized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cored slab section force diagram.
Fig. 2 is T-type beam section force diagram.
In figure: 1 naked beam, Bridge 2 face are mated formation.
Specific embodiment
1. technical problem: before deck paving, when naked beam-like state progress static test judges naked joist support loading capability, need to determine and add
The control moment of load, since the second phase mats formation, to participate in the structure that stress causes the structure reactance of naked beam to be less than after deck paving anti-
Power, when take design live loading under moment MhWith the moment M under secondary dead load effecteqThe sum of as control moment when, naked beam
The strain value of beam bottom is greater than the moment M under the lower design live loading of bridge completion statehWith the moment M under secondary dead load effecteqIt
With caused strain value, therefore, to design the moment M under live loadinghWith the moment M under secondary dead load effecteqThe sum of conduct
The control moment of naked beam loading test is destruction that is relatively unsafe, easily causing the waste for loading resource and cause beam.
2. mentality of designing and the derivation of equation
The present invention is based on the naked beam Static Load Test Methods that strain determines load control moment, based on designing vehicle under bridge completion state
Maximum strain under load and deck paving synergy, is reversely counted according to its maximum strain value by naked beam section the moment of inertia
It calculates and determines control moment.Wherein, deck paving refers to that reinforced concrete bridge deck is mated formation or fiber steel reinforcing concrete deck paving, naked beam
For the naked beam of steel or the naked beam of concrete.
The weight of deck paving (secondary dead load) is all carried on a shoulder pole by naked joist support, and naked beam beam bottom strain caused by deck paving is
εer:
Cheng Qiaohou operation during under design vehicle load action, part face mat formation with beam body co-ordination, formed by
Power is whole, shared design vehicle load, and under bridge completion state, the strain of beam bottom is ε under design vehicle load actionh:
Maximum strain ε under the control load effect of naked beam static testl, εlIt should be (formula 1) and (formula 2) two and strain it
Be both:
εl=εer+εh(formula 3)
When the strain that naked beam beam bottom generates is εlWhen, the control moment applied needed for can acquiring is Mdx:
(formula 4) will be substituted into for (formula 1), (formula 2) and (formula 3), and solve and (formula 5) can be obtained after abbreviation
In formula, equivalent bending moment MdxBe make naked beam beam bottom generate with bridge mat formation dead load, at bridge design load act on lower generate
The moment of numerical value equal strain；I is the moment of inertia of bridge completion state underbeam after the completion of mating formation；Y is bridge completion state after the completion of mating formation
Distance of the lower beam bottom apart from neutral axis；E is the integral, flexible modulus of bridge completion state underbeam after the completion of mating formation；MhMake for design mobile load
Moment of flexure under；MeqFor the moment of flexure under secondary dead load effect；I ' is the moment of inertia of naked beam before deck paving；E ' is before deck paving
The elasticity modulus of naked beam；Y ' is distance of the deck paving front-axle beam bottom apart from neutral axis.
3. operating procedure
<1>in naked girder span and a quarter section lower edge installation displacement meter, strain transducer or foil gauge is pasted, and connect
Enter to acquire equipment and computer；
<2>according to stock ground material stock situation, choosing load, (general load of choosing is concrete balancing weight or steel
Jack loading method can also be used in muscle), it is uniformly classified preloading in the certain range in naked girder span middle section two sides, general point
It is 3~5 grades, heap loading line density to generate equivalent bending moment M in naked girder spandx:
<3>strain and shift value are read before load, after every grade of load and after unloading, calculates bullet according to surveying strain, being displaced
Property strain, elastic displacement value, further according to theoretical calculation strain, be displaced calculate strain checkout coefficient and displacement checkout coefficient, according to
Naked joist support loading capability is judged according to strain checkout coefficient and displacement checkout coefficient.
To further illustrate how the present invention is implemented, illustrated below by way of application example, application example is referring to above-mentioned
Step and formula carry out.
Application example 1
Certain superstructure uses (3 × 16) m prestressed concrete C50 cored slab, and bridge floor is continuous after first freely-supported, laterally by
10 cored slab compositions, deck-molding 0.80m；Substructure uses columnar pier, pile foundation；Bridge deck uses 10cm thickness C50 bridge floor
In-situ layer+AMP waterproof layer+10cm thickness Asphalt Concrete Deck Pavement.Design load grade :-I grades of highway (" highway bridge and culvert design
General specification " JTG D60-2004)；Bridge floor beam overall (half range): (bridge floor is net by+11.25m by 13.00m=0.75m (side anti-collision wall)
It is wide)+0.75m (inside anti-collision wall)+0.25m (median strip).It is quasi- that static test is carried out to determine it to its side bar (naked beam)
Bearing capacity need to determine that span centre static load loads control moment value.
Be computed: the moment of inertia I of bridge completion state underbeam is 0.139m after the completion of mating formation4；After the completion of mating formation under bridge completion state
Distance y of the beam bottom apart from neutral axis is 0.500m；The integral, flexible modulus E of bridge completion state underbeam is 34.5GPa after the completion of mating formation；
Design the moment M of span centre under live loadinghFor 432.6kNm；Secondary dead load acts on the moment M of lower span centreeqFor 183.6kN
m；Before deck paving, the moment of inertia I ' of naked beam is 0.133m4；Before deck paving, the elastic modulus E of naked beam ' it is 34.5GPa；Bridge
Before face is mated formation, distance y ' of the beam bottom apart from neutral axis is 0.415m.
According to the method for the present invention, it is calculated according to (formula 5) and determines that static test load control moment is 682.3kNm, be
Realize that control moment need to uniform load weight 292.2kN, preloading line density be 48.7kN/m in the range of the 6m of span centre two sides, point
Level Four load, test maximal bending moment is that loading efficiency coefficient is 1.00 to 682.3kNm at this time, meets specification loading efficiency and exists
Requirement between 0.95~1.05.Test result is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Conventional method determines that static load load control moment is the sum of design vehicle load and the second stage of live loading moment of flexure, is both
616.2 kNm, for realize control moment need in the range of the 6m of span centre two sides uniform load weight 263.8kN, test it is maximum
Moment of flexure is 616.4kNm, and loading efficiency coefficient is 1.00 at this time, meets specification loading efficiency and wants between 0.95~1.05
It asks.
Since conventional method determines the not scientific of naked beam load control moment, lead to actual loading underload, load adds
Few, actual loading efficiency coefficient only has 0.903, and the experiment conclusion obtained does not have convincingness, lacks reliable foundation.
Each testing section measuring point strain list (unit: μ ε) of 1 cored slab of table
Each testing section measuring point amount of deflection list of 2 cored slab of table (unit: mm)
Application example 2
Continuously post-stressed C50 concrete T beam, the deck-molding of T beam are 2.00m, web to structure after certain (4 × 30m) elder generation freely-supported
Wide 0.50m, standard girder spacing 2.15m, there are the wet seam of 0.45m between wing plate, beam-ends, quartile and span centre are equipped with diaphragm plate
Design load grade :-I grades of highway (" highway bridge and culvert design general specification " JTG D60-2004), bridge deck width: 26.00m=2
× (0.50m (frontier defense revetment)+11.75m (bridge floor clear span)+0.50m (frontier defense revetment)+0.50m/2 (median strip)), bridge
Face is mated formation for 12cm thickness C50 cast-in-place concrete+10cm thickness bituminous concrete, intends carrying out its side bar (naked beam) static test with true
Its fixed bearing capacity need to determine that span centre static load loads control moment value.
It is computed, the moment of inertia I of bridge completion state underbeam is 54056230cm after the completion of mating formation4；At bridge like after the completion of mating formation
Distance y of the beam bottom apart from neutral axis is 148.6cm under state；The integral, flexible modulus E of bridge completion state underbeam is after the completion of mating formation
34.5GPa；Design the moment M of span centre under live loadinghFor 1676.8kNm；Secondary dead load acts on the moment M of lower span centreeqFor
675.9kN·m；Before deck paving, the moment of inertia I ' of naked beam is 43641036cm4；Before deck paving, the elastic modulus E of naked beam '
For 34.5GPa；Before deck paving, distance y ' of the beam bottom apart from neutral axis is 133.2cm.
According to the method for the present invention, it is calculated according to (formula 5) and determines that static test load control moment is 2186.4kNm,
Need to uniform load weight 235.2kN, test maximal bending moment be in the range of the 4.5m of span centre two sides for realization control moment
Loading efficiency coefficient is 1.03 to 2255.5 kNm at this time, meets requirement of the specification loading efficiency between 0.95~1.05.
Conventional method determines for the sum of design vehicle load and the second stage of live loading moment of flexure, i.e., static load loads control moment
2352.7 kNm, to realize that control moment need to the total 244.6kN of uniform load weight, test in the range of the 4.5m of span centre two sides
Load maximal bending moment is 2345.7kNm, and loading efficiency coefficient is 0.997 at this time, meet specification loading efficiency 0.95~
Requirement between 1.05.
Since conventional method determines the not scientific of naked beam load control moment, causes actual loading load excessive, be both lotus
Load increases, and actual loading efficiency coefficient is 1.073, and loading efficiency exceeds the range of specification 0.95~1.05, easily causes naked
Beam cracking, the excessive equivalent damage of amount of deflection, and load substance, energy waste.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of naked beam Static Load Test Method for determining load control moment based on strain, it is characterised in that based under bridge completion state
Maximum strain under design vehicle load and deck paving synergy passes through naked beam section the moment of inertia according to its maximum strain value
Retrospectively calculate determines control moment；This method operates progress according to the following steps:
<1>in naked girder span and a quarter section lower edge installation displacement meter, strain transducer or paste foil gauge, and access adopt
Collect equipment and computer；
<2>according to stock ground material stock situation, loading method is chosen, so that generating equivalent bending moment M in naked girder spandx?；It is described
Equivalent bending moment MdxMake naked beam beam bottom generate with bridge mat formation dead load, acted at bridge design load and lower generate numerical value equal strain
Moment:
<3>reading strain and shift value before load, after every grade of load and after unloading are answered according to surveying strain, being displaced calculating elasticity
Change, elastic displacement value, strain checkout coefficient and displacement checkout coefficient are calculated further according to theoretical calculation strain, displacement, and foundation is answered
Become checkout coefficient and displacement checkout coefficient judges naked joist support loading capability；
Wherein, the equivalent bending moment M in step<2>dxIt calculates and determines as follows:
In formula, I is the moment of inertia of bridge completion state underbeam after the completion of mating formation；Y is after the completion of mating formation under bridge completion state in beam bottom distance
The distance of property axis；E is the integral, flexible modulus of bridge completion state underbeam after the completion of mating formation；MhFor the moment of flexure under design live loading；
MeqFor the moment of flexure under secondary dead load effect；I ' is the moment of inertia of naked beam before deck paving；E ' is the elasticity of naked beam before deck paving
Modulus；Y ' is distance of the deck paving front-axle beam bottom apart from neutral axis.
2. the naked beam Static Load Test Method according to claim 1 for being determined load control moment based on strain, feature are existed
It is that reinforced concrete bridge deck is mated formation or fiber steel reinforcing concrete deck paving in: the deck paving.
3. the naked beam Static Load Test Method according to claim 1 for being determined load control moment based on strain, feature are existed
In: the naked beam is the naked beam of steel or the naked beam of concrete.
4. the naked beam Static Load Test Method according to claim 3 for being determined load control moment based on strain, feature are existed
In: the loading method is jack load or weight preloading.
5. the naked beam Static Load Test Method according to claim 4 for being determined load control moment based on strain, feature are existed
In: the load of the weight preloading is concrete balancing weight or reinforcing bar, and load is uniformly stacked in naked girder span middle section two sides,
Heap loading line density to generate equivalent bending moment M in naked girder spandx?.
6. the naked beam Static Load Test Method according to claim 5 for being determined load control moment based on strain, feature are existed
In: the load is uniformly classified preloading, is divided into 3~5 grades.
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| CN106546495A (en) | 2017-03-29 |
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