CN106546329B - A kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106546329B CN106546329B CN201610925927.5A CN201610925927A CN106546329B CN 106546329 B CN106546329 B CN 106546329B CN 201610925927 A CN201610925927 A CN 201610925927A CN 106546329 B CN106546329 B CN 106546329B
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/027—Control of working procedures of a spectrometer; Failure detection; Bandwidth calculation
Abstract
A kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system provided by the present invention, it include the optical coupling monitoring system being made of spectrometer and photon detection device, plane mirror is set in spectrometer, lens, pass through plane mirror, lens, optical signal in spectrometer is coupled in beam Propagation medium, beam Propagation medium connects photon detection device, photon detection device includes photon detector, photon counting module, it is connected with monitoring computer by communication interface, monitor external connection of computer CCD control systems, it monitors computer and is equipped with software control system, plane mirror and collimated light path angle at 45 °；Lens are vertical with plane mirror central optical path.The present invention also provides the control methods of above system；The present invention has：(1) the reason of high-dispersion spectrum instrument starlight coupling efficiency being monitored in real time, and judging to cause coupling efficiency to reduce in telescope work.(2) spectral signal-noise ratio is calculated automatically, so that it is determined that the CCD time for exposure, realization is automatically stopped CCD exposures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to as spectrometer technical field, particularly belong to a kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system and and its control
Method processed.
Background technology
Spectrometer is the standard configuration instrument of optical telescope.It is required since the scientific goal of different observers is different
Spectral signal-noise ratio it is also different.The principal element for influencing spectral signal-noise ratio has：Celestial body brightness, atmospheric seeing, cloud amount and cloud layer
Thickness, optics of telescope efficiency, spectrometer resolution ratio and the length etc. of time for exposure.In identical weather condition, same equipment is right
In the celestial body of same brightness, the time for exposure is longer, and signal-to-noise ratio is higher.But under normal circumstances, weather condition is variation, sometimes
Variation is fast；And the efficiency of instrument also can with usage time slow-decay, to influence telescope tracking accuracy.Two kinds of situations
Telescope starlight coupling efficiency can be reduced, spectral signal-noise ratio is influenced.Currently, there are no relevant apparatus to starlight for domestic spectrometer
Coupling efficiency is monitored, therefore is difficult to determine the CCD rational time for exposure in real time.Tradition judges that the method for signal-to-noise ratio is mainly
By artificially judging that instrument performance and weather condition (seeing, cloud amount etc.) estimate the time for exposure by observer, to estimate light
Signal-to-noise ratio is composed, then is observed.It is that such way is brought the result is that：1) upon exposure between not enough, signal-to-noise ratio is unsatisfactory for science
It is required that need to be exposed again, number of repetition is more and reduces observed efficiency influence surveillance program；2) upon exposure between it is long, letter
Although making an uproar than meeting the requirements, observed efficiency is low.Both the above result has eventually led to the waste of observation time.
At home, only two 2 meter level universal optical telescopes, there are no astronomical prestige is realized using photon detector
Automatically true CCD determines the method for time for exposure to remote mirror.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system and its control methods, to avoid artificial
It estimates the error generated, saves the time, improve the utilization rate of terminal device, and then improve the degree of automation of observation.
A kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system provided by the present invention, which is characterized in that including by spectrometer and light
The optical coupling monitoring system that sub- detection device is constituted is equipped with plane mirror, lens in spectrometer, by plane mirror, thoroughly
Mirror, the optical signal in spectrometer are coupled in beam Propagation medium, and beam Propagation medium connects photon detection device, the light
Sub- detection device includes photon detector, photon counting module, is connected with monitoring computer by communication interface, monitors computer
External CCD control systems, wherein the monitoring computer is equipped with software control system, the plane mirror and collimation
Light path angle at 45 °；The lens are vertical with plane mirror central optical path.
Further, the software control system includes data processing unit and logic control element, data processing list
On the one hand member and logic control element are connected with data storage cell, information is on the other hand uploaded to human-computer interaction interface,
Photon detection device, CCD control systems respectively by the first communication interface, the second communication interface, connection data processing unit and
Logic control element, in addition, being additionally provided with the control program of automatic judgement CCD time for exposure in the software control system.
Further, the communication interface be wireline interface or wireless interface, wireline interface include serial ports RS232,
USB, Ethernet interface, wireless interface include WIFI, zigbee, GPRS.
Further, the photon detection device is additionally provided with power interface.
A kind of control method based on celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system provided by the present invention, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
Step 1：Observation personnel is by human-computer interaction interface, by the target satellite group of required observation, including one or more mesh
The Parameter File for marking star, the data storage cell importeding into monitoring computer software control system.
Step 2：Data storage cell increases the essential information of target satellite, and therefore, Observation personnel can manually select sight
The target satellite sequencing of survey, the corresponding information of target can be shown.If user does not manually select observed object
Star, system put in order according to what target group was given tacit consent to, and sequence is observed.
Step 3：According to different observed objects, observer can select the different target time for exposure in man-machine interface,
Because the long time for exposure can generate cosmic ray in spectroscopic data, the setting of time for exposure longest is limited to 1800s.
Step 4：At this point, it is 0. that exposure frequency initial value, which is arranged, in system automatically
Step 5：User starts to expose by the beginning exposure button on human-computer interaction interface, CCD.
Step 6：System starts acquisition photon detection device and detects number of photons data, and gathered data frequency is 1 time/S, and
Real-time display is on the corresponding position of human-computer interaction interface.
Step 7：System calculates cumulative signal-to-noise ratio, and by information real-time display in man-machine friendship in real time by internal algorithm
Mutual interface.
Step 8：Whether system is normal by the internal control procedure judges CCD time for exposure.
Step 9：Expose abnormal, system stops exposure, and exposure frequency record value adds 1, gos to step 5, and system is automatic
Again it exposes, and sequence executes downwards successively.
Step 10：Exposure is normal, and system continues to expose, and judges whether the time for exposure reaches the preset time for exposure.
Step 11：If reaching the preset time for exposure, CCD control systems stop exposure, and exposure frequency record value adds 1, jumps
Step 5 is gone to, system exposes again automatically, and sequence executes downwards successively.
Step 12：If being also not up to the preset time for exposure, judge to add up whether signal-to-noise ratio reaches requirement at this time.
Step 13：If signal-to-noise ratio reaches requirement not yet, system gos to step 8 and sequence executes downwards successively.
Step 14：If signal-to-noise ratio is met the requirements, exposure halt instruction is sent to system, system stops exposure, flow knot
Beam.
A kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system provided by the present invention and its control method and its control method, can
Realize following effect：(1) high-dispersion spectrum instrument starlight coupling efficiency is monitored in real time, and judges to cause coupling to be imitated in telescope work
The reason of rate reduces.It is caused if it is telescope tracking error, adjusts orientation amendment in time；It causes, examines if it is weather conditions
Consider adjustment surveillance program.(2) spectral signal-noise ratio is calculated automatically, so that it is determined that the CCD time for exposure, realization is automatically stopped CCD exposures.
So as to avoid the error generated because artificially estimating, waste of time is avoided, the utilization rate of terminal device is improved, has
Improve the good effect of the degree of automation of observation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the composition frame chart of invention software control system；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of invention software control system；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the control flow chart of invention software control system automatic decision CCD time for exposure.
In figure：1, spectrometer；2, photon detection device；3, plane mirror；4, lens；5, photon detector；6, photon
Counting module；7, communication interface；8, computer is monitored；9, collimated light path；10, shutter；11, power interface；12, slit；13, light
Fibre coupling monitoring system.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention is further described in detail with specific implementation mode below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system provided by the present invention, including by spectrometer 1
The optical coupling monitoring system constituted with photon detection device 2 is equipped with plane mirror 3, lens 4 in spectrometer, anti-by plane
Light microscopic, lens, the optical signal in spectrometer are coupled in beam Propagation medium, and beam Propagation medium connects photon detection device,
The photon detection device includes photon detector 5, photon counting module 6, passes through communication interface 7 and monitoring 8 phase of computer
Even, external connection of computer CCD control systems are monitored, wherein the monitoring computer is equipped with software control system, the plane
Reflective mirror and 9 angle at 45 ° of collimated light path；The lens are vertical with plane mirror central optical path.
The software control system includes data processing unit and logic control element, data processing unit and logic control
On the one hand unit processed is connected with data storage cell, information is on the other hand uploaded to human-computer interaction interface, photon detection dress
It sets, CCD control systems by the first communication interface, the second communication interface, connect data processing unit and logic control list respectively
Member, in addition, being additionally provided with the control program of automatic judgement CCD time for exposure in the software control system.
As shown in figs. 3 and 5, user is first directed to observed object information, and parameter includes target designation, magnitude, required
Spectral signal-noise ratio etc..Then it clicks and starts exposure button, CCD exposures start, after shutter 10 is opened, photon detector start recording
Starlight number of photons (1 time/s), simultaneity factor acquires the data of photon detector in real time, is carried out according to the number of photons recorded every time real
When score accumulation total number of light photons, calculate corresponding signal-to-noise ratio using accumulative total number of light photons, and Dynamic Announce is in human-computer interaction circle
On face.Total number of photons of photon counting module record and acquisition photon numerical value per second understand real-time display on human-computer interaction interface,
It can show that number of photons performance graph and required signal-to-noise ratio progress bar and CCD read progress bar in human-computer interaction interface simultaneously.
Because the long time for exposure can generate cosmic ray in spectroscopic data, therefore the setting of time for exposure longest is limited to 1800s, such as
After the time for exposure that fruit reaches 1800s, spectroscopic data is still unsatisfactory for signal-to-noise ratio requirement, and system can carry out second automatically, third
Secondary ... exposure, stops exposure, it is notable that as long as meeting noise after signal-to-noise ratio is met the requirements after data investigation
Than requiring, the last time time for exposure can be less than the time for exposure of previous setting.If exposure is less than 1800s for the first time, after
Platform program meeting automatic decision, stops exposing and reads data according to actual conditions.
As shown in figure 4, for the specific embodiment of the present invention.Specifically in 2.4 meters of telescope high-dispersive spectrometers and
Using the present invention on terminal LIJET, so as to monitor starlight coupling efficiency in real time, and the reason of coupling efficiency reduces is judged.
System using photomultiplier model be CH8359-02 be used as photon detector, using H297-01 as AD sampling (1
Secondary/second) photon counter, sampled data is transferred to by monitoring computer by the communication interface of RS232 serial communications, and lead to
Human-computer interaction interface real-time display is crossed, is analyzed by data memory module and is stored.In the present embodiment, pass through photon detection
The power interface 11 of device is that photomultiplier and photon counter provide DC5V and DC12V supply voltages respectively.
During telescope normal operation, optical routing slit 12 is coupled to Transmission Fibers, and enters spectrometer.Pass through light
Fibre coupling monitoring system 13 so that the light that 1%-2% is separated from spectrometer collimated light path carries out photon real-time counting, is connect by communication
Count value is transferred to monitoring computer by mouth, monitors photon numerical value of the computer by photon counter real-time display each moment
And it preserves.The discrete figure of variation of CCD number of photons during exposure can be clearly seen in user by human-computer interaction interface
And numerical value.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system, which is characterized in that include being made of spectrometer and photon detection device
Optical coupling monitoring system is equipped with plane mirror, lens in spectrometer, by plane mirror, lens, the light letter in spectrometer
Number it is coupled in beam Propagation medium, beam Propagation medium connects photon detection device, and the photon detection device includes light
Sub- detector, photon counting module are connected with monitoring computer by communication interface, monitor external connection of computer CCD control systems,
The CCD control systems are connect with the ccd detector in spectrometer, wherein the monitoring computer is controlled equipped with software
System, plane mirror and the collimated light path angle at 45 ° in spectrometer；The lens hang down with plane mirror central optical path
Directly.
2. celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the software control system
On the one hand and data storage cell including data processing unit and logic control element, data processing unit and logic control element
It is connected, information is on the other hand uploaded to human-computer interaction interface, photon detection device, CCD control systems passes through communication respectively
Interface connects data processing unit and logic control element, in addition, being additionally provided with automatic judgement in the software control system
The control program of CCD time for exposure.
3. celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the communication interface is to have
Line interface or wireless interface, wireline interface include serial ports RS232, USB, Ethernet interface, and wireless interface includes WIFI,
Zigbee, GPRS.
4. celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the photon detection device
It is additionally provided with power interface.
5. a kind of control method of celestial spectrum instrument auto exposure system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
Step 1：Observation personnel is by human-computer interaction interface, by the target satellite group of required observation, including one or more target satellites
Parameter File, imported into monitoring computer software control system in data storage cell；
Step 2：Data storage cell increases the essential information of target satellite, and therefore, Observation personnel can manually select observation
Target satellite sequencing, the corresponding information of target can be shown；If user does not manually select observed object star, it is
System puts in order according to what target group was given tacit consent to, and sequence is observed；
Step 3：According to different observed objects, observer can select the different target time for exposure in man-machine interface, because
The long time for exposure can generate cosmic ray in spectroscopic data, and the setting of time for exposure longest is limited to 1800s；
Step 4：At this point, it is 0 that exposure frequency initial value, which is arranged, in system automatically；
Step 5：User starts to expose by the beginning exposure button on human-computer interaction interface, CCD；
Step 6：System starts to acquire the number of photons data that photon detection device detects, and gathered data frequency is 1 time/S, and real
When be shown on the corresponding position of human-computer interaction interface；
Step 7：System calculates cumulative signal-to-noise ratio, and by information real-time display in human-computer interaction circle in real time by internal algorithm
Face；
Step 8：Whether system is normal by the internal control procedure judges CCD time for exposure；
Step 9：Expose abnormal, system stops exposure, and exposure frequency record value adds 1, gos to step 5, and system is automatically again
Exposure, and sequence executes downwards successively；
Step 10：Exposure is normal, and system continues to expose, and judges whether the time for exposure reaches the preset time for exposure；
Step 11：If reaching the preset time for exposure, CCD control systems stop exposure, and exposure frequency record value adds 1, jumps to
Step 5, system exposes again automatically, and sequence executes downwards successively；
Step 12：If being also not up to the preset time for exposure, judge to add up whether signal-to-noise ratio reaches requirement at this time；
Step 13：If signal-to-noise ratio reaches requirement not yet, system gos to step 8 and sequence executes downwards successively；
Step 14：If signal-to-noise ratio is met the requirements, exposure halt instruction is sent to system, system stops exposure, and flow terminates.
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