CN106546166B - A kind of interference system and its multi-coated interference instrument, single layer interferometer, strip interferometer - Google Patents
A kind of interference system and its multi-coated interference instrument, single layer interferometer, strip interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106546166B CN106546166B CN201611130644.8A CN201611130644A CN106546166B CN 106546166 B CN106546166 B CN 106546166B CN 201611130644 A CN201611130644 A CN 201611130644A CN 106546166 B CN106546166 B CN 106546166B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B9/02—Interferometers
- G01B9/02015—Interferometers characterised by the beam path configuration
- G01B9/02027—Two or more interferometric channels or interferometers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of interference systems, comprising: input terminal, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, path intervention module, the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and output end；Input terminal is for inputting multichannel light beam；First multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module are used for the interference between the different freedom degrees in same path；Path intervention module is used for the interference between the freedom degree in different paths；Output end is used for output multi-channel light beam；The light beam of input terminal input is successively emitted after the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, path intervention module, the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and output end.The present invention can increase number of active lanes, and the connectivity capabilities of any input channel Yu any output channel may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical signal processing technology fields, more specifically, being related to a kind of interference system and its multi-coated interference
Instrument, single layer interferometer, strip interferometer.
Background technique
Optical interdferometer can be divided into single channel optical interferometer and Multi-channel optical interferometer two major classes, and single channel optical is dry
Interferometer and the difference of Multi-channel optical interferometer are whether the light wave interfered passes through multiple channels.For example, single channel optical is dry
Interferometer has equal thickness interferometer and Sagnac (Sagnac) interferometer, and Multi-channel optical interferometer has Michelson
(Michelson) interferometer and Mach-Zehnder (Mach-Zehnder) interferometer etc..It is more compared with single channel optical interferometer
Channel optical interferometer has numerous benefits, for example, can be used for wavelength-division or time-division multiplex technology in optical communications to improve letter
The utilization rate of breath can be used to improve the precision of measurement in accurate measurement, can be used to manipulate more higher-dimension in quantum optics calculating
Or more complicated quantum information etc..
Multi-channel optical interferometer is there are many means realized, there are two types of relatively common Multi-channel optical interferometers, the
One is with the bulk optical element of separate type erect come free space interferometer, advantage is can be by optical coating technology
Realize ultralow loss, usually less than 0.1dB, the disadvantage is that it is bulky, number of channels is seldom, phase be easy it is affected by environment；
Second is optical fiber or optical waveguide integrated interferometer, and advantage is that volume is minimum, there are many number of channels, phase is highly stable, disadvantage
It is that insertion loss is relatively large, has been usually more than 3dB.
Full-mesh optical interdferometer is function optical interdferometer the most powerful.All partially communicating interferometers are ok
It is realized by adjusting the on-off of certain optical elements in the full-mesh optical interdferometer.It mathematically, can be with using it
Realize the arbitrary discrete Unitary transformation operation of light.Realizing the full-mesh optical interdferometer, there are two types of known simple flat
Face optical element connection type: beam splitter triangular pitch mode and beam splitter rectanglar arrangement mode.
Design multichannel full-mesh that is a kind of while having both Multi-channel optical interferometer Yu full-mesh optical interdferometer function
Optical interdferometer is current urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of interference system and multi-coated interference instrument and its multi-coated interference instrument, list
Layer interferometer, strip interferometer, the interference system are multichannel full-mesh optical interdferometer, have small in size, phase stabilization, damage
The advantages of consuming more low, number of channels and multichannel full-mesh.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that
A kind of interference system, the interference system include: input terminal, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, path interference mould
Block, the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and output end；
The input terminal is for inputting multichannel light beam；
The first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module are used to be located at same path
Freedom degree of not sharing the same light between interference；
The path intervention module is used for the interference between the light freedom degree in different paths；
The output end is used for output multi-channel light beam；
The light beam of the input terminal input successively interferes mould by the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, the path
It is emitted after block, the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and the output end.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, the smooth freedom degree includes the polarization freedom degree of light, orbital angular momentum freedom
At least one of degree, time freedom degree and energy freedom degree.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, the input terminal includes N number of input port, and N is the positive integer greater than 1, often
For a input port for accommodating one or multiple optical channels, the optical channel includes the smooth freedom degree；
The output end includes N number of output port, and each output port is for accommodating one or multiple light
Channel.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and second multiple degrees of freedom
Intervention module includes multiple multiple degrees of freedom interference devices.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, the multiple degrees of freedom interference device is polarization rotator part or track angular motion
Measure adjusting means or time delay device or frequency regulator part.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, the multiple degrees of freedom interference device mutually divides with the path intervention module
From or the multiple degrees of freedom interference device become one with the path intervention module.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, the path intervention module includes: two multi-coated interference instrument；
Wherein, the multi-coated interference instrument includes multiple single layer interferometers being stacked；Two multi-coated interference instrument
Single hierarchic path interference plane is mutually orthogonal.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, the single layer interferometer includes multiple strip interferometers being stacked；
There are between the opposite plane of two adjacent strip interferometers multiple points in the same single layer interferometer
Beam device；The splitting ratio of the different beam splitters is identical or different；The splitting ratio of the beam splitter and the smooth freedom degree phase
It closes or uncorrelated；
In the same multi-coated interference instrument, the stacking side of the stacking direction of the single layer interferometer and the strip interferometer
To vertical；
Wherein, the inside phase of the single layer interferometer is adjusted by external add-in equipment, and the external add-in equipment is used
In adjusting pressure and/or temperature.
Preferably, in above-mentioned interference system, in the same multi-coated interference instrument, in the stacking side of the single layer interferometer
To:
The single layer interferometer is isosceles right triangle, and the corresponding plane in bottom edge of the isosceles square has reflection
Layer；On the stacking direction of the strip interferometer, the interface between the two neighboring strip interferometer is parallel to described
Bottom edge；One waist edge of the isosceles square is used for vertical incidence light, another waist edge is used for vertical exit light；
Or, the single layer interferometer is rectangle；On the stacking direction of the strip interferometer, the two neighboring strip
Interface between interferometer is parallel to the same diagonal line of the rectangle；Two of the rectangle face side for vertical incidence light
Line, other two faces side for vertical exit light；
Or, the single layer interferometer is the parallelogram with 45 ° of apex angles；The parallelogram, which has, to be arranged in parallel
First while and when second；Third disposed in parallel while and when the 4th；On the stacking direction of the strip interferometer, phase
Interface between adjacent two strip interferometers is parallel to first side；The third side is used for vertical incidence light,
4th side is used for vertical exit light；Described first while and it is described second while corresponding surface there is reflecting layer；
Or, the strip interferometer in the single layer interferometer is the parallelogram with 45 ° of apex angles；Arbitrary neighborhood
Two strip interferometers are symmetrical about interface between the two；Outermost two strip interferometers are away from adjacent described
The surface of strip interferometer is provided with reflecting layer.
The present invention also provides a kind of multi-coated interference instrument, are used for above-mentioned interference system, and the multi-coated interference instrument includes:
Multiple single layer interferometers being stacked；
The single layer interferometer includes multiple strip interferometers being stacked；
Wherein, stacking direction of the stacking direction of the single layer interferometer perpendicular to the strip interferometer.
The present invention also provides a kind of single layer interferometers, are used for above-mentioned interference system, and the single layer interferometer includes:
Multiple strip interferometers being stacked have multiple beam splitters between two neighboring strip interferometer.
The present invention also provides a kind of strip interferometer, it to be used for above-mentioned interference system, at least the one of the strip interferometer
A surface has multiple beam splitters.
As can be seen from the above description, the interference system that technical solution of the present invention provides is the optical interference of multichannel full-mesh
Instrument can be realized by the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and is located at all the way
Interference between the different freedom degrees of diameter, and then number of active lanes can be increased；It is realized and is located at not by the path intervention module
With the interference between the freedom degree in path, and then the connectivity capabilities of any input channel Yu any output channel may be implemented.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of interference system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of top view of multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of side view of multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the top view of another multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the top view of another multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the top view of another multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, for interference system, beam splitter triangular pitch mode and beam splitter rectanglar arrangement mode are in wave
It leads in integrated interferometer and has all been implemented.But in free space interferometer, since free space interferometer is bulky
And phase-unstable, there is presently no methods to realize interference system.
The leading-edge fields such as handle in accurate measurement and quantum information, the ability of optical interdferometer by interferometer input photon
It counts with port number and determines.Input number of photons is limited by the loss of interferometer, and port number is limited by the phase stabilization of interferometer
Property.As it can be seen that in these fields, in order to improve the ability of interferometer, it is necessary to while reducing loss and improving number of channels.Obviously,
Free space interferometer and waveguide integrated interferometer can not meet the two demands simultaneously.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of interference system, interference system include: input terminal,
First multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, path intervention module, the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and output end；
Input terminal is for inputting multichannel light beam；
First multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module are used for not sharing the same light positioned at same path
Interference between freedom degree；
Path intervention module is used for the interference between the light freedom degree in different paths；
Output end is used for output multi-channel light beam；
The light beam of input terminal input successively passes through the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, path intervention module, more than second freely
It is emitted after degree intervention module and output end.
Interference system provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be by the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and more than second freely
It spends intervention module and realizes the interference being located between the different freedom degrees in same path, and then number of active lanes can be increased；Pass through road
Path interferometer module realize be located at different paths freedom degree between interference, and then may be implemented any input channel with arbitrarily it is defeated
The connectivity capabilities in channel out.
Can have simultaneously by setting path intervention module there are two multi-coated interference instrument, multi-coated interference instrument is constituted by setting
Light source component array can with low-loss, phase stabilization and advantage small in size, realize interference system free space interfere
Application in instrument.
In order to make the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention clearer, above scheme is carried out with reference to the accompanying drawing detailed
Thin description.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of interference system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.The interference system packet
It includes: input terminal 1, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2, path intervention module 3, the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4 and output
End 5.Arrow is used to illustrate the direction of propagation of light in figure.
Wherein, input terminal 1 is for inputting multichannel light beam.First multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and the second multiple degrees of freedom are dry
Relate to module 4 for be located at same path freedom degree of not sharing the same light between interference.Path intervention module 3 is used to be located at different paths
Light freedom degree between interference.Output end 5 is used for output multi-channel light beam.The light beam of input terminal input successively passes through more than first certainly
By being emitted after degree intervention module, path intervention module, the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and output end.
In the embodiment of the present invention, light freedom degree includes the polarization freedom degree, orbital angular momentum freedom degree, time freedom degree of light
And at least one of energy freedom degree.It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention freedom degree include but is not limited on
State polarization freedom degree, orbital angular momentum freedom degree, time freedom degree and energy freedom degree.
Input terminal 1 includes N number of input port, and N is positive integer greater than 1, each input port for accommodate one or
Multiple optical channels, optical channel include freedom degree.Output end includes N number of output port, each output port for accommodate one or
It is multiple optical channels.
First multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4 include that multiple multiple degrees of freedoms are interfered
Device.In first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 in the number of multiple degrees of freedom interference device and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4
The number of multiple degrees of freedom interference device is identical as the number of input port, is N.
Such as not set first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4, the channel of interference system
Number is N number of, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 of setting and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4, and can make port number is k*
N.Wherein, k is the number of the internal degree of freedom of light.If the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and the interference of the second multiple degrees of freedom
When module 4 is using polarization freedom degree, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4 at this time
It is polarization interference module, k=2, can make port number is 2N.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, as N=9,9 input ports in interference system, be followed successively by In1, In2,
In3, In4, In5, In6, In7, In8 and In9, it is corresponding have 9 output ports be followed successively by Out1, Out2, Out3,
Out4, Out5, Out6, Out7, Out8 and Out9.
When input port is 9, the number of multiple degrees of freedom interference device and the in the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2
The number of multiple degrees of freedom interference device is 9 in two multiple degrees of freedom intervention modules 4.When showing N=9 in Fig. 1, more than first freely
The number for spending multiple degrees of freedom interference device in intervention module 2 is 9, is followed successively by W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6, W7, W8 and W9；The
The number of multiple degrees of freedom interference device is 9 in two multiple degrees of freedom intervention modules 4, is followed successively by W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6, W7, W8
And W9.
As N=9,18 are realized by the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 of setting and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4
Path interferometers, if removing the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and 4,18 path interferometric of the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module
It is 9 path interferometers that instrument, which will degenerate,.
Optionally, multiple degrees of freedom interference device is polarization rotator part or orbital angular momentum adjusting means or time delay
Device or frequency regulator part.Specifically, multiple degrees of freedom interference device can be wave plate or helical phase piece or Electro-optical Modulation
Device.The interference effect of multiple degrees of freedom interference device is adjustable, and the interference effect by adjusting multiple degrees of freedom interference device can be with
Adjust the connecting degree between different channels.
When multiple degrees of freedom interference device is wave plate, multiple degrees of freedom interference device includes wave plate group, and wave plate group uses four points
One of wave plate, half wave plate and quarter-wave plate combination.First multiple degrees of freedom intervention module more than 2 and second is freely
Degree intervention module 4 realizes the adjusting of arbitrary polarization state by wave plate group.
First multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4 can increase port number.Such as when mostly certainly
When by degree interference device being wave plate, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4 are for will be single
Polarised light rotates to arbitrary polarised light, and the two realizes two channel of polarization of the light on same path by polarized light interference
Between interference.
Multiple degrees of freedom interference device is separated from each other with path intervention module or multiple degrees of freedom interference device is interfered with path
Module becomes one.That is, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module more than 2 and second is freely on light propagation path
The front and back of path intervention module 3 can be independently arranged in degree intervention module 4, also can integrate in path intervention module 3
Interior, other optical elements such as direct and path intervention module 3 beam splitter without the air gap are stitched together.
Path intervention module 3 includes: two multi-coated interference instrument 31；Wherein, each multi-coated interference instrument 31 includes multiple stackings
The single layer interferometer 32 of setting；The single hierarchic path interference plane of two multi-coated interference instrument 31 is mutually orthogonal.
As shown in Figure 1, in two multi-coated interference instrument 31 left side multi-coated interference instrument 31 in each single layer interferometer 32 layer
Folded direction is vertical direction, and the stacking direction of each single layer interferometer 32 is horizontal direction in the multi-coated interference instrument 31 on right side.
Each multi-coated interference instrument 31 includes L layers of single layer interferometer 32, is followed successively by the 1st layer to L layers, L is just whole greater than 1
Number.In Fig. 1,31 dotted line of multi-coated interference instrument indicates the interface between adjacent two layers single layer interferometer 32.Light incident direction is parallel
In single layer interferometer 32.
Two multi-coated interference instrument 31, the single layer of two multi-coated interference instrument 31 have been cascaded by path intervention module shown in Fig. 13
Path interference plane is mutually orthogonal, and multichannel full-mesh function may be implemented.
Single layer interferometer 32 includes multiple strip interferometers 33 being stacked.Adjacent two in same single layer interferometer 32
There are multiple beam splitters between the opposite plane of a strip interferometer 33.Beam splitter is for realizing the dry of the light between two paths
It relates to.Beam splitter can realize different splitting ratios by plated film.In same multi-coated interference instrument 31, the stacking direction of single layer interferometer 32
It is vertical with the stacking direction of strip interferometer 33.The splitting ratio of different beam splitters is identical or different.Specifically, beam splitter can
To realize different splitting ratios by plated film.The splitting ratio of beam splitter is related or uncorrelated to light freedom degree, as splitting ratio with
It is related or uncorrelated to polarize freedom degree.Splitting ratio is related to light freedom degree to refer to that splitting ratio can be arranged according to light freedom degree, two
There is incidence relation between person.
Wherein, the inside phase of single layer interferometer 32 is adjusted by external add-in equipment, and external add-in equipment is for adjusting
Pressure and/or temperature.Specifically, will lead to light path change when pressure and/or temperature change, and then change internal phase.It is logical
Overregulate pressure and/or temperature, the connecting degree between adjustable difference channel.
For same multi-coated interference instrument 31, only any two channel in the same horizontal plane is only connection, and
Any two channel in different level is all disconnected.Light is realized any after two multi-coated interference instrument 31
It is connection that two, which output and input path all,.Further, after the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4, any two input
It is all connected to output channel.Finally, when multiple degrees of freedom interference device is wave plate, the output port output of output end 5
It is random polarization light, it further, can be with polarization beam apparatus in horizontal and vertical polarized component beam splitting to different paths.
In interference system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in a kind of embodiment, structure in multi-coated interference instrument 31 can be with
As shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Referring to figs. 2 and 3, Fig. 2 is a kind of top view of multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is this hair
A kind of side view for multi-coated interference instrument that bright embodiment provides.Multi-coated interference instrument 31 shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 has multiple be stacked
Single layer interferometer 32.Each single layer interferometer 32 has multiple strip interferometers 33 being stacked.Single layer interferometer 32
Including multiple strip interferometers 33 being stacked.In same multi-coated interference instrument 31 stacking direction of single layer interferometer 32 with it is same
The stacking direction of strip interferometer 33 is vertical in single layer interferometer 32.
In the embodiment, multi-coated interference instrument 31 is tri-prismoid structure.In same multi-coated interference instrument 31, interfere in single layer
The stacking direction of instrument 32: single layer interferometer 32 is isosceles right triangle, as shown in Figure 2.The bottom edge of isosceles square is corresponding
Plane has reflecting layer S0, as shown in Fig. 2, changing the direction of light by the way that layer S0 reflex occurs.The one of isosceles square
A waist edge is used for vertical incidence light, another waist edge is used for vertical exit light.
On the stacking direction of strip interferometer 33, the interface between two neighboring strip interferometer 33 is parallel to bottom
Side.The tool of single layer interferometer 32 is shown in Fig. 2, and there are three strip interferometers 33, have interface 21 and interface 22.It hands over
Interface 21 is provided with beam splitter S1 and beam splitter S3.Interface 22 is provided with beam splitter S2.
In interference system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in another embodiment, the structure in multi-coated interference instrument 31 can
With such as Fig. 4.With reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the top view of another multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
The multi-coated interference instrument 31 of embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the tetragonous rod structure of multi-coated interference instrument 31.Same multi-coated interference instrument
In 31, in the stacking direction of single layer interferometer 32: single layer interferometer 32 is rectangle, as shown in Figure 4.In the layer of strip interferometer 33
On folded direction, the interface between two neighboring strip interferometer 33 is parallel to the same diagonal line of rectangle；Two of rectangle face
Side is used for vertical incidence light, other two faces side for vertical exit light.Shown in Fig. 4 beam splitter S1, beam splitter S2,
Beam splitter S3, beam splitter S4, beam splitter S5, beam splitter S6, beam splitter S7, beam splitter S8 and beam splitter S9.
When using multi-coated interference instrument 31 shown in Fig. 4, need the input port in input terminal 1 being divided into two groups, more than first
Multiple degrees of freedom interference device in freedom degree intervention module 2 is divided into two groups.Corresponding first multiple degrees of freedom of each input port is dry
Relate to a multiple degrees of freedom interference device of module 2.One group of one group of input port therein and the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2
Multiple degrees of freedom interference device is used to input optical information for a side of first multi-coated interference instrument 31.Another group of input port with
Another group of multiple degrees of freedom interference device of the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 be used for for first multi-coated interference instrument 31 another
Side inputs optical information.After first multi-coated interference instrument 31 handles optical information, optical information passes through first multi-coated interference
Other two side of instrument 31 is emitted respectively.One side of second multi-coated interference instrument 31 directly with first multi-coated interference instrument
The setting of 31 faces obtains the optical information of the corresponding side surface outgoing of first multi-coated interference instrument 31.First multi-coated interference instrument 31
The optical information of another side outgoing changes another side of incident second multi-coated interference instrument 31 behind path by optical element
Face.
Optical information in second multi-coated interference instrument 31 after treatment from second multi-coated interference instrument 31 other two
Side outgoing.The output port of corresponding output end 5 is divided into two groups, and the multiple degrees of freedom in the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4 is dry
It relates to device and is divided into two groups.One multiple degrees of freedom interference device of the corresponding second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4 of each output port.
Wherein one group of output port is defeated for receiving with one group of multiple degrees of freedom interference device of corresponding second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 4
The optical information of the side outgoing of second multi-coated interference instrument 31 out, another group of output port and corresponding second multiple degrees of freedom
Another side that another group of multiple degrees of freedom interference device of intervention module 4 is used to receive second multi-coated interference instrument 31 of output goes out
The optical information penetrated.
In interference system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in another embodiment, the structure in multi-coated interference instrument 31 can
With such as Fig. 5.With reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the top view of another multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
The multi-coated interference instrument 31 of embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the tetragonous rod structure of multi-coated interference instrument 31.Same multi-coated interference instrument
In 31, in the stacking direction of single layer interferometer 32: single layer interferometer 32 is parallelogram, as shown in Figure 5.Parallelogram tool
Have disposed in parallel first in a and second b；Third disposed in parallel d in c and the 4th.
On the stacking direction of strip interferometer 33, the interface between two neighboring strip interferometer 33 is parallel to first
Side a；Third side c is used for vertical incidence light, and the 4th side d is used for vertical exit light；First in a and second b it is corresponding
Surface has reflecting layer S0.Shown in Fig. 5 beam splitter S1, beam splitter S2, beam splitter S3, beam splitter S4, beam splitter S5 and
Beam splitter S6.
In interference system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in another embodiment, the structure in multi-coated interference instrument 31 can
With such as Fig. 6.With reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the top view of another multi-coated interference instrument provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
The multi-coated interference instrument 31 of embodiment shown in Fig. 6, in same multi-coated interference instrument 31, in the layer of single layer interferometer 32
Folded direction: the strip interferometer 33 in single layer interferometer 32 is the parallelogram with 45 ° of apex angles；Two strips of arbitrary neighborhood
Interferometer 33 is symmetrical about interface between the two；Outermost two strip interferometers deviate from the table of adjacent strip interferometer
Face is provided with reflecting layer.Beam splitter S1, beam splitter S2, beam splitter S3 and beam splitter S4 are shown in Fig. 6, are located at two
Two reflecting layer S0 on 33 surface of strip interferometer.
In each multi-coated interference instrument 31 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the adjacent strip interference of same single layer interferometer 32
Gapless splicing is carried out between instrument 33.In same multi-coated interference instrument 31, gapless is carried out between adjacent two layers single layer interferometer 32
Splicing.The splicing without the air gap is carried out by isolated optical element, fundamentally solves air flowing bring phase
Perturbed problem.What two multiple degrees of freedom intervention modules utilized is the internal degree of freedom of light, thus phase will not be by the shadow of air
It rings.
Strip interferometer 33 is the optical element of millimeter magnitude, and carrying out gapless splicing improves free space interferometer body
The huge disadvantage of product, that is to say, that be provided with the advantage small in size of integrated interferometer.
The optical elements such as beam splitter and reflecting layer can process shape by the correspondence surface coating in strip interferometer 33
At, simple process and low cost, and small volume.Multiple strip interferometers 33 in same single layer interferometer 32 utilize space
One direction carries out stacking splicing, carries out stacking splicing using another direction in space between multiple single layer interferometers 32.By
Multilayer incidence and outgoing beam can be accommodated in multi-coated interference instrument 31 made of multiple strip interferometers 33 are 3 D spliced.It is same more
It is mutually indepedent between the single layer interferometer 32 of different layers in layer interferometer 31, it is not connected to.It is cascaded using two multi-coated interference instrument 31,
Be arranged be located at different multi-coated interference instrument 31 two single layer interferometers 32 it is mutually orthogonal so that defeated between different layers
Enter outgoing route full-mesh.
Multiple degrees of freedom interference device in two multiple degrees of freedom intervention modules can be arranged in two phases as beam splitter
Between adjacent strip interferometer 33, so that multiple degrees of freedom intervention module is integrated in multi-coated interference instrument 31.It can be by the way that N be arranged
And the value of L realizes the full-mesh function of any multichannel.
As can be seen from the above description, in interference system Road path interferometer module 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention there are two tools
Cascade multi-coated interference instrument 31 is constituted.Multi-coated interference instrument 31 is formed by 33 array of strip interferometer is 3 D spliced.Strip interferometer
33 be low-loss free space optical elements, and strip interferometer 33 is carried out tight connection by optic splice technology, real
The stabilization of phase is showed, while there is lesser volume.Antireflection is coated in the incidence surface of the corresponding light beam of strip interferometer 33
Film can reduce loss.
In order to realize that the connectivity of 3 D spliced optical element square matrix, the present invention cascade multi-coated interference instrument 31.
The quantity in channel in order to further increase, present invention also adds multivariant first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module 2 and
Two multiple degrees of freedom intervention modules 4.The present invention can increase substantially under the premise of keeping ultra-low loss and interferometric phase is stablized
The number of channels of optical interdferometer.
Based on the above embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of multi-coated interference instrument, which is used for
State interference system.The multi-coated interference instrument includes: multiple single layer interferometers being stacked；Single layer interferometer includes that multiple stackings are set
The strip interferometer set.Wherein, stacking direction of the stacking direction of single layer interferometer perpendicular to strip interferometer.
It should be noted that the specific embodiment of the multi-coated interference instrument can be with reference to the multi-coated interference in above-described embodiment
The implementation of instrument, details are not described herein.
Using seamless spliced between single layer interferometer, between strip interferometer in the multi-coated interference instrument, there is small in size, phase
The stable advantage in position.And the single hierarchic path interference plane phase of two multi-coated interference instrument can be set by two multi-coated interference instrument
It is mutually orthogonal, multichannel full-mesh function may be implemented.
Based on the above embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of single layer interferometer, which is used for
Interference system is stated, may be constructed above-mentioned multi-coated interference instrument, which includes: multiple strip interferometers being stacked,
There are multiple beam splitters between two neighboring strip interferometer；The splitting ratio of the different beam splitters is identical or different.
It should be noted that the specific embodiment of the single layer interferometer can be with reference to the single layer interference in above-described embodiment
The implementation of instrument, details are not described herein.
Using seamless spliced between each strip interferometer in the single layer interferometer, have it is small in size, phase stabilization it is excellent
Point.Strip interferometer each in same single layer interferometer can also be placed in a vacuum, phase can be realized without seamless spliced
Stablize position.
Based on the above embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides strip interferometers, and the strip interferometer is for above-mentioned dry
System is related to, may be constructed above-mentioned single layer interferometer and multi-coated interference instrument, at least one surface of the strip interferometer has more
A beam splitter；The splitting ratio of the different beam splitters is identical or different.
It should be noted that the specific embodiment of the strip interferometer can be with reference to the single layer interference in above-described embodiment
The implementation of instrument, details are not described herein.
Using seamless spliced between the strip interferometer, form single layer interferometer, have it is small in size, phase stabilization it is excellent
Point.Each strip interferometer can also be placed in a vacuum, phase stabilization can be realized without seamless spliced.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of interference system characterized by comprising input terminal, the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, path intervention module,
Second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and output end；
The input terminal is for inputting multichannel light beam；
The first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module are used to be located at same path not
Interference between freedom degree of sharing the same light；
The path intervention module is used for the interference between the light freedom degree in different paths；The path intervention module includes
Strip interferometer；At least one surface of the strip interferometer has multiple beam splitters；The beam splitting of the different beam splitters
Than identical or different；
The output end is used for output multi-channel light beam；
The light beam of the input terminal input successively passes through the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module, the path intervention module, institute
It is emitted after stating the second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and the output end.
2. interference system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the smooth freedom degree include light polarization freedom degree,
At least one of orbital angular momentum freedom degree, time freedom degree and energy freedom degree.
3. interference system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the input terminal includes N number of input port, and N is big
In 1 positive integer, each input port for accommodating one or multiple optical channels, the optical channel include the light from
By spending；
The output end includes N number of output port, and each output port is for accommodating one or multiple optical channels.
4. interference system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first multiple degrees of freedom intervention module and described
Second multiple degrees of freedom intervention module includes multiple multiple degrees of freedom interference devices.
5. interference system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the multiple degrees of freedom interference device is polarization rotator
Part or orbital angular momentum adjusting means or time delay device or frequency regulator part.
6. interference system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the multiple degrees of freedom interference device and the path are dry
Relate to that module is separated from each other or the multiple degrees of freedom interference device becomes one with the path intervention module.
7. interference system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the path intervention module includes: that two multilayers are dry
Interferometer；
Wherein, the multi-coated interference instrument includes multiple single layer interferometers being stacked；The single layer of two multi-coated interference instrument
Path interference plane is mutually orthogonal.
8. interference system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the single layer interferometer includes multiple is stacked
Strip interferometer；
There are between the opposite plane of two adjacent strip interferometers multiple beam splitters in the same single layer interferometer；
The splitting ratio of the beam splitter and the smooth freedom degree are related or uncorrelated；
In the same multi-coated interference instrument, the stacking direction of the stacking direction of the single layer interferometer and the strip interferometer hangs down
Directly；
Wherein, the inside phase of the single layer interferometer is adjusted by external add-in equipment, and the external add-in equipment is for adjusting
Save pressure and/or temperature.
9. interference system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the same multi-coated interference instrument, in the single layer
The stacking direction of interferometer:
The single layer interferometer is isosceles right triangle, and the corresponding plane in bottom edge of the isosceles square has reflecting layer；
On the stacking direction of the strip interferometer, the interface between the two neighboring strip interferometer is parallel to the bottom
Side；One waist edge of the isosceles square is used for vertical incidence light, another waist edge is used for vertical exit light；
Or, the single layer interferometer is rectangle；On the stacking direction of the strip interferometer, the two neighboring strip interference
Interface between instrument is parallel to the same diagonal line of the rectangle；Two of the rectangle face side and are used for vertical incidence light,
Other two faces side for vertical exit light；
Or, the single layer interferometer is the parallelogram with 45 ° of apex angles；The parallelogram has disposed in parallel the
One side and the second side；Third disposed in parallel while and when the 4th；On the stacking direction of the strip interferometer, adjacent two
Interface between a strip interferometer is parallel to first side；The third side is used for vertical incidence light, described
4th side is used for vertical exit light；Described first while and it is described second while corresponding surface there is reflecting layer；
Or, the strip interferometer in the single layer interferometer is the parallelogram with 45 ° of apex angles；Arbitrary neighborhood two
Strip interferometer is symmetrical about interface between the two；Outermost two strip interferometers deviate from the adjacent strip
The surface of interferometer is provided with reflecting layer.
10. a kind of multi-coated interference instrument, which is characterized in that described more for such as described in any item interference systems of claim 1-9
Layer interferometer include:
Multiple single layer interferometers being stacked；
The single layer interferometer includes multiple strip interferometers being stacked；
Wherein, stacking direction of the stacking direction of the single layer interferometer perpendicular to the strip interferometer.
11. a kind of single layer interferometer, which is characterized in that for such as the described in any item interference systems of claim 1-9, the list
Layer interferometer include:
Multiple strip interferometers being stacked have multiple beam splitters between two neighboring strip interferometer；Different is described
The splitting ratio of beam splitter is identical or different.
12. a kind of strip interferometer, which is characterized in that for such as the described in any item interference systems of claim 1-9, the item
At least one surface of shape interferometer has multiple beam splitters；The splitting ratio of the different beam splitters is identical or different.
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| US9448058B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-09-20 | Lumetrics, Inc. | Associated interferometers using multi-fiber optic delay lines |
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| CN105093366A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-25 | 诺方（哈尔滨）科技股份有限公司 | Polarization beam splitting prism, fundamental wave interference unit and comb wave separator |
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