CN106540678B - Vanadium trioxide nano particle and preparation method - Google Patents

Vanadium trioxide nano particle and preparation method Download PDF

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CN106540678B
CN106540678B CN201610935755.XA CN201610935755A CN106540678B CN 106540678 B CN106540678 B CN 106540678B CN 201610935755 A CN201610935755 A CN 201610935755A CN 106540678 B CN106540678 B CN 106540678B
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nano particle
vanadium trioxide
trioxide nano
suspending liquid
vanadium
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CN106540678A (en
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付海涛
杨晓红
安希忠
谢辉
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Northeastern University China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/20Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • B01J23/22Vanadium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/40Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/51Spheres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/615100-500 m2/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to Material Fields, are related to a kind of vanadium trioxide nano particle, and for the vanadium trioxide nano particle in spherical, particle size range is 50-100 nanometer, and specific surface area is 120.4 ± 0.1 square metres every gram.The present invention also provides the preparation method of vanadium trioxide nano particle, method includes: that commercially available vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol, is uniformly mixed, and forms suspending liquid A;Hydrochloric acid is added to suspending liquid A, forms the suspension B that pH is about 1;Suspension B is heated, cooling is stored at room temperature, obtains the product containing dark blue precipitate;The mixed solution of product containing dark blue precipitate is centrifugated, washs and dries, obtain spherical nano particle.Barium oxide nano particle of the invention has very high specific surface area, and stronger structural stability facilitates its raising as electricity material and catalyst performance.

Description

Vanadium trioxide nano particle and preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Material Fields, are related to a kind of vanadium trioxide nano particle, more particularly to a kind of spherical three oxygen Change two vanadium nano particles and preparation method.
Background technique
Vanadium trioxide is known as traditional catalyst.In recent years, with the research to its nanostructure Gradually deeply, people not only focus on the performance of traditional catalyst field, and it is in emerging electrode material of lithium battery side The excellent performance in face, gradually by people's extensive concern.Vanadium trioxide is a kind of with the mutual conversion character of conductor insulation Material.At a certain temperature, electric conductivity has qualitative leap to substance with this property, i.e., is converted to insulation from conductor Body is converted to conductor from insulator, and this process is reversible.It is well known that the property and application performance of nano material are very The morphology and size of its particle is depended in big degree.And the morphology and size of particle often have with synthetic method and path it is close The connection cut.Uniform spherical nanoparticle, structure is simple, facilitates and be self-assembled into device and formation fixed bed catalyst. And for catalyst, the secondary cleaning of catalyst and recycling and reusing are convenient for without dead angle in spheric granules surface.In addition by ball The three-dimensional structure that shape particle (self assembly) accumulation is formed is capable of providing more reaction positions, thus preferably mutual with reactant Contact, is conducive to the raising of its catalytic performance.About spherical vanadium trioxide, there are some reports at present.Method is concentrated mainly on Vanadyl acetylacetonate: (1) being dissolved in 20 milliliters of ethyl alcohol by following two, and 30 milliliters of hydrogen peroxide are added afterwards.The above mixed liquor is put It sets and is heated 24 hours in 150 DEG C of autoclaves.It will calcine 2 hours, can be obtained under 400 DEG C of nitrogen after the drying of obtained precipitation and separation To the pattern vanadium trioxide particle.(2) ammonium metavanadate is dissolved in 50 ml deionized waters, using nitric acid by system pH tune To 2, and at 50 DEG C stirring until there is orange precipitating.The above solution is added in 20 ml methanols, stands 24 hours at room temperature. Precipitating becomes to be isolated washing when darkorange.Darkorange precipitating is the vanadium oxide particles of spherical looks.Later, one Determine at temperature (such as 600 DEG C) under reducing atmosphere (such as hydrogen) and calcine the particle, three vanadium oxides of similar pattern can be obtained. The pattern and above-mentioned vanadium trioxide particle of other method synthesis have apparent difference, such as sea urchin shape vanadium trioxide micron Particle.
Above method cost of material is higher, and method is complicated, is unfavorable for being mass produced, to subsequent use bring it is huge not Just.In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems in background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of operation letters Single, safety and environmental protection and low-cost spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle and preparation method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of vanadium trioxide nano particle, it is characterised in that: the vanadium trioxide nano particle is described in spherical The particle size range of vanadium trioxide nano particle is 50-100 nanometers, and the specific surface area of the vanadium trioxide nano particle is 120.4 ± 0.1 square metres every gram.
Above-mentioned vanadium trioxide nano particle purity is not less than 99.5%.
A method of being used to prepare foregoing vanadium trioxide nano particle, it is characterised in that: the method packet Include following steps:
1) vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol, is uniformly mixed, form suspending liquid A;Five oxygen in the suspending liquid A Changing two vanadium relative to the molar concentration of ethylene glycol is 0.1-0.3mM;
2) pH to pH=1 for adjusting suspending liquid A, obtains suspension B;
3) 200-280 DEG C is gradually heated to suspension B in autoclave, and at this temperature after holding 36-48 hours, 25 ± 1 DEG C of standing coolings, obtain the mixed solution C containing dark blue precipitate;
4) the obtained mixed solution C containing dark blue precipitate of step 3) is centrifuged under the conditions of 2000-3000rpm and is divided From, respectively using ethyl alcohol and deionized water washing until supernatant it is colorless and transparent, under conditions of 50-80 DEG C dry after obtain class Spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle.
The above method is after step 4) further include:
5) pattern for the vanadium trioxide nano particle that step 4) is obtained by SEM scanning electron microscope and XRD detection and Composition characteristics carry out observation confirmation.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in stirring be to be carried out in 50-70 DEG C of water-bath.
Above-mentioned steps 2) it is the pH that suspending liquid A is adjusted using hydrochloric acid;The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 23-36%;It is described The additional amount of hydrochloric acid is that 1-4mL hydrochloric acid is added in every 16ml suspending liquid A.
The invention has the advantages that
The present invention provides a kind of vanadium trioxide nano particles in spherical, and particle size range is 50-100 nanometers, than Surface area is 120.4 ± 0.1 square metres every gram.The present invention by by vanadic anhydride be added ethylene glycol in, be uniformly mixed, Form suspending liquid A;Acidification is carried out to suspending liquid A, makes its pH=1, is gradually heated up the solution after acidification in autoclave, It is stored at room temperature after cooling to mixed solution centrifuge separation is obtained, respectively using ethyl alcohol and deionized water washing until supernatant is colourless It is transparent, spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle is obtained after drying.Three oxidations two that method provided by the present invention is prepared Vanadium nano particle has very high specific surface area, whole spherical in shape, has stronger structural stability, this facilitates it as battery The raising of material and catalyst performance.Uniform spherical nano particle, structure is simple, facilitates and carries out being self-assembled into device and shape At fixed bed catalyst.And for catalyst, the secondary cleaning of catalyst and recycling are convenient for without dead angle in spheric granules surface It recycles.By the three-dimensional structure that accumulation (self assembly) is formed, more reaction positions are capable of providing, are formed preferably with reactant Contact, is conducive to the raising of catalytic performance.The preparation method of spherical nano particle provided by the present invention is easy to operate, cost Possibility that is cheap, having mass production has a wide range of applications in new energy (lithium battery), catalytic field.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is preparation manipulation scheme schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1, is used In the obtained particulate component of confirmation be vanadium trioxide;
Fig. 4 is vanadium trioxide particle (such as spherical vanadium trioxide of different-shape prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 Nano particle, flower-shaped three vanadium oxides nano particle and three vanadium oxide nano particle of sea urchin shape) as carbon monoxide hydrogenation The CO conversion of catalyst at different temperatures.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention provides a kind of vanadium trioxide nano particle, which is received Rice grain is in spherical, and the particle size range of vanadium trioxide nano particle is 50-100 nanometers, vanadium trioxide nano particle Specific surface area is 120.4 ± 0.1 square metres every gram, and the purity of vanadium trioxide nano particle is not less than 99.5%.
Referring to Fig. 1, the method such as preceding vanadium trioxide nano particle, this method are used to prepare the present invention provides a kind of The following steps are included:
1) vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol, in 50-70 DEG C of stirred in water bath and is uniformly mixed, form suspension A;Vanadic anhydride is 0.1-0.3mM relative to the molar concentration of ethylene glycol in suspending liquid A;Wherein, vanadic anhydride is in this hair Play the role of very important in bright, it is excessive that the excessive concentration of vanadic anhydride will cause the nano particle formed in subsequent reactions And it is uneven, and when its concentration is too low, then will lead to can not form particle.Vanadic anhydride and ethylene glycol are all made of commercially available examination Agent, safety and environmental protection, source are easy to get, are low in cost;
2) pH for adjusting suspending liquid A using hydrochloric acid obtains suspension B to pH=1 ± 0.2;The mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 23- 36%;The additional amount of hydrochloric acid is that 1-4mL hydrochloric acid is added in every 16ml suspending liquid A;Hydrochloric acid is added and is designed to provide an acidity Environment, hydrogen ion are the catalyst and reaction initiator of this synthetic reaction, and reaction is caused by hydrogen ion, can accelerate precipitated product It generates;
3) 200-280 DEG C is gradually heated to suspension B in autoclave, and at this temperature after holding 36-48 hours, 25 ± 1 DEG C of standing coolings, obtain the mixed solution C containing dark blue precipitate;High temperature and pressure heats suspension B, so that five oxidations Two vanadium can be dissolved in ethylene glycol and chemically react with ethylene glycol, generate the precipitating of vanadium trioxide;
4) the obtained mixed solution C containing dark blue precipitate of step 3) is centrifuged under the conditions of 2000-3000rpm and is divided From, respectively using ethyl alcohol and deionized water washing until supernatant it is colorless and transparent, under conditions of 50-80 DEG C dry after obtain class Spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle.
5) pattern for the vanadium trioxide nano particle that step 4) is obtained by SEM scanning electron microscope and XRD detection and Composition characteristics carry out observation confirmation, are vanadium trioxide by the particulate component that X ray diffracting spectrum confirms referring to Fig. 3.
Vanadium trioxide nano particle provided by the present invention and preparation method are carried out below by specific embodiment It is described in detail:
Embodiment 1
Vanadium trioxide nano particle is prepared according to the following steps:
1) commercially available vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol solution, is stirred strongly 2 hours in bath in 50 DEG C of water, keep it mixed It closes uniformly, forms suspending liquid A;The molar concentration of vanadic anhydride is 0.1M in suspending liquid A;
2) 1mL hydrochloric acid is added into suspending liquid A, the color of suspending liquid A is made to become peony from brown color, forms suspension B, wherein the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 23%;
3) suspension B is put into autoclave and is heated, heating temperature is 200 DEG C, and heating time is 36 hours, is stored at room temperature It can arrive after cooling containing dark blue precipitate mixed solution;
4) step 3) is formed by the centrifuge separation of the mixed solution containing dark blue precipitate, centrifugal rotational speed 2000- 3000rpm, respectively with ethyl alcohol and deionized water wash until supernatant it is colourless, dried at 50 DEG C.Obtain spherical three oxidation Vanadium nano particle.
Embodiment 2
Nano particle is prepared according to the following steps:
1) commercial vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol solution, is stirred strongly 2 hours in bath in 70 DEG C of water, keep it mixed It closes uniformly, forms suspending liquid A;The molar concentration of vanadic anhydride is 0.2mM in suspending liquid A;
2) 3mL hydrochloric acid is added into suspending liquid A, the color of suspending liquid A is made to become peony from brown color, forms suspension B, wherein the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 23%;
3) suspension B is put into autoclave and is heated, heating temperature is 240 DEG C, and heating time is 40 hours, is stored at room temperature The mixed solution containing dark blue precipitate can be arrived after cooling;
4) step 3) is formed by the centrifuge separation of the mixed solution containing dark blue precipitate, centrifugal rotational speed 2000- 3000rpm, respectively with ethyl alcohol and deionized water wash until supernatant it is colorless and transparent, dried at 70 DEG C.Obtain spherical three V 2 O nano particle.
Embodiment 3
Nano particle is prepared according to the following steps:
1) commercial vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol solution, is stirred strongly 2 hours in bath in 60 DEG C of water, keep it mixed It closes uniformly, forms suspending liquid A;The molar concentration of vanadic anhydride is 0.25mM in suspending liquid A;
2) 4mL hydrochloric acid is added into suspending liquid A, the color of suspending liquid A is made to become peony from brown color, forms suspension B, wherein the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 36%;
3) suspension B is put into autoclave and is heated, heating temperature is 260 DEG C, and heating time is 44 hours, is stored at room temperature The mixed solution containing dark blue precipitate can be arrived after cooling;
4) step 3) is formed by the centrifuge separation of the mixed solution containing dark blue precipitate, centrifugal rotational speed 2000- 3000rpm, respectively with ethyl alcohol and deionized water wash until supernatant it is colorless and transparent, dried at 60 DEG C.Obtain spherical three V 2 O nano particle.
Embodiment 4
Nano particle is prepared according to the following steps:
1) commercial vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol solution, is stirred strongly 2 hours in bath in 60 DEG C of water, keep it mixed It closes uniformly, forms suspending liquid A;The molar concentration of vanadic anhydride is 0.3mM in suspending liquid A;
2) 4mL hydrochloric acid is added into suspending liquid A, the color of suspending liquid A is made to become peony from brown color, forms suspension B, wherein the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 36%;
3) suspension B is put into autoclave and is heated, heating temperature is 280 DEG C, and heating time is 48 hours, is stored at room temperature The mixed solution containing dark blue precipitate can be arrived after cooling;
4) step 3) is formed by the centrifuge separation of the mixed solution containing dark blue precipitate, centrifugal rotational speed 2000- 3000rpm, respectively with ethyl alcohol and deionized water wash until supernatant it is colorless and transparent, dried at 60 DEG C.Obtain spherical three V 2 O nano particle.
Comparative experiments
The spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle of synthesis is evaluated using carbon monoxide (CO) hydrogenation reaction as catalysis The catalytic performance of agent is prepared using sea urchin shape vanadium trioxide nano particle, flower-shaped vanadium trioxide nano particle and the present invention Obtained spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle compares (comparative experimental data is shown in Fig. 4).The Hydrogenation Experiment of carbon monoxide It is carried out in tubular flow reactor, pressure is 1 atmospheric pressure, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen molar ratio are 1:3, and flow velocity is 3.0 vertical Square centimetre of every gram of catalyst is per minute.Product analysis utilizes the gas-chromatography (Shimadzu GC-8A) with thermal conductivity detector (TCD) to divide online Analysis.Chromatogram column length is 2 meters, and for helium as carrier gas, flow velocity is 30 cubic centimetres per minutes.Fig. 4 shows three of the above catalyst (sea urchin shape vanadium trioxide nano particle, flower-shaped vanadium trioxide nano particle and spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle) exists The CO conversion of the co hydrogenation experiment carried out under different catalytic temperatures.For spherical three vanadium oxides nanometer Grain, corresponding CO conversion is respectively when catalytic temperature is 160 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 180 DEG C, 190 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 210 DEG C 6.2%, 11.3%, 19.2%, 30.5%, 40.3%, 34.1%.Shown in the figure, spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle is made For carbon monoxide hydrogenation agent CO conversion than sea urchin shape vanadium trioxide nano particle and it is flower-shaped three oxidation two Vanadium nano particle is high, shows to the reaction, the spherical vanadium trioxide nano particle catalytic performance that the present invention synthesizes compares sea urchin Shape vanadium trioxide nano particle and flower-shaped vanadium trioxide nano particle are high.Main cause can be attributed to the spherical particle Relatively high specific surface area is capable of providing and more reacts position with carbon monoxide.In addition, being said from crystallography angle, three oxygen Changing two vanadium nano particles is polycrystalline structure, i.e. individual particle is made of many monocrystalline, can expose more crystal faces in this way, so that Increase with the reactivity of carbon monoxide.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from of the invention Many other change and modification can be made in the case where spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of vanadium trioxide nano particle, the vanadium trioxide nano particle is in spherical, described three The particle size range of V 2 O nano particle is 50-100 nanometers, and the specific surface area of the vanadium trioxide nano particle is 120.4 ± 0.1 square metres every gram;The vanadium trioxide nano particle purity is not less than 99.5%, it is characterised in that: the side Method the following steps are included:
1) vanadic anhydride is added in ethylene glycol, is uniformly mixed, form suspending liquid A;Five oxidation two in the suspending liquid A Vanadium is 0.1-0.3mM relative to the molar concentration of ethylene glycol;
2) pH to pH=1 for adjusting suspending liquid A, obtains suspension B;
3) 200-280 DEG C is gradually heated to suspension B in autoclave, and at this temperature after holding 36-48 hours, 25 ± 1 DEG C of standing cooling, obtains the mixed solution C containing dark blue precipitate;
4) the obtained mixed solution C containing dark blue precipitate of step 3) is centrifugated under the conditions of 2000-3000rpm, Respectively using ethyl alcohol and deionized water washing until supernatant it is colorless and transparent, under conditions of 50-80 DEG C dry after obtain class ball Shape vanadium trioxide nano particle.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the method is after step 4) further include:
5) pattern and ingredient for the vanadium trioxide nano particle that step 4) is obtained by SEM scanning electron microscope and XRD detection Feature carries out observation confirmation.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the stirring in the step 1) is the water at 50-70 DEG C It is carried out in bath.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by: the step 2) is the pH for adjusting suspending liquid A using hydrochloric acid; The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 23-36%;The additional amount of the hydrochloric acid is that 1-4mL hydrochloric acid is added in every 16ml suspending liquid A.
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CN107311105B (en) * 2017-06-23 2019-05-07 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 A kind of highly selective oxygen carrier and its preparation method and application
CN114288942A (en) * 2021-11-18 2022-04-08 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 Preparation method of spherical vanadium pentoxide particles

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