CN106535459B - Accelerating tube and linear accelerator with same - Google Patents
Accelerating tube and linear accelerator with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN106535459B CN106535459B CN201611202658.6A CN201611202658A CN106535459B CN 106535459 B CN106535459 B CN 106535459B CN 201611202658 A CN201611202658 A CN 201611202658A CN 106535459 B CN106535459 B CN 106535459B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/22—Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H9/00—Linear accelerators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/22—Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes
- H05H2007/225—Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes coupled cavities arrangements
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Abstract
An accelerating tube, comprising: a plurality of acceleration chambers; a coupling cavity coupled with two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities through a coupling port; an energy regulating element coupled to the coupling cavity to regulate an output energy of the acceleration tube; an isolation element connected to an inner wall of the coupling cavity to vacuum-tightly isolate the energy conditioning element from the acceleration cavity, wherein the isolation element is microwave-transparent and the isolation element is offset from the coupling port.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an accelerating tube and a linear accelerator with the accelerating tube.
Background
The accelerating tube is a key component of a medical electron linear accelerator, and the function of the accelerating tube is to generate high-energy rays for clinical cancer treatment and imaging. However, in order to improve the accuracy of clinical cancer treatment, many medical electron linear accelerators are developing medical accelerating tubes capable of outputting keV-level rays for imaging at the same time. keV-level rays are generally realized by arranging a switch with an energy modulation function on an accelerating tube, and the accelerating tube with the energy switch and having the keV-level imaging function is generally assembled by brazing, knife-edge sealing flanges and the like, such as Warana CL2300 series products and the like which are sold on the market at present.
When the accelerator works, in order to prevent electrons from being lost and the inside of the accelerator from being ignited, the inside of the accelerator and the energy switch are kept in a high vacuum state, and the internal vacuum degree is an important parameter in the operation of the accelerator. Generally, after the accelerating tube and the energy switch are connected through a flange in the atmosphere, a long-time exhaust process is carried out, and the accelerating tube cannot normally work due to poor air tightness of a system or poor vacuum degree caused by incomplete exhaust when the accelerating tube works. In addition, if the vacuum-related problem occurs in the conventional medical electron linear accelerator, the whole accelerating tube is often replaced, so that the maintenance difficulty is increased, and the operation cost of the whole accelerator is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an accelerating tube comprising: a plurality of acceleration chambers; a coupling cavity coupled with two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities through a coupling port; an energy regulating element coupled to the coupling cavity to regulate an output energy of the acceleration tube; an isolation element connected to an inner wall of the coupling cavity to vacuum-tightly isolate the energy conditioning element from the acceleration cavity, wherein the isolation element is microwave-transparent and the isolation element is offset from the coupling port.
Optionally, the coupling cavity has two nose cones oppositely extending inwardly from an inner wall thereof, wherein the isolation element is arranged between the nose cones and the coupling opening.
Optionally, a valve in gaseous communication with the coupling chamber is included for evacuating the coupling chamber.
Optionally, the coupling cavity is filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas.
Optionally, a cooling line is included, disposed adjacent to a junction of the isolation element and an inner wall of the coupling cavity, to cool the isolation element.
Optionally, the coupling cavity defines a first space, the isolation element is connected to an inner wall of the coupling cavity surrounding the energy conditioning element, wherein the isolation element together with the coupling cavity inner wall defines an enclosed second space independent of and vacuum-tightly isolated from the first space.
Optionally, the number of the isolation elements is two, and each isolation element is plate-shaped, wherein one isolation element is arranged on the side of the energy adjusting element adjacent to the coupling port, and the other isolation element is arranged on the side of the energy adjusting element away from the coupling port.
Optionally, the isolation element is coated with a material that prevents secondary electron emission. Specifically, the material for preventing secondary electron emission includes titanium nitride, manganese monoxide, or chromium oxide. More specifically, the thickness of the material for preventing secondary electron emission is 10 to 100 nm.
Optionally, the isolation element is connected to an inner wall of the coupling cavity by a conductive metal material. Specifically, the conductive metal material includes copper, gold, or silver.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a linear accelerator is disclosed, comprising an accelerating tube as described in the preceding items.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed an accelerating tube comprising: a plurality of acceleration chambers; a coupling cavity coupled with two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities through a coupling port; an energy regulating element coupled to the coupling cavity to regulate an output energy of the acceleration tube; an isolation element disposed between the energy conditioning element and the coupling port to vacuum-tightly isolate a space of the coupling cavity on the energy conditioning element side from a space of the coupling cavity on the coupling port side, wherein the isolation element is transparent to microwaves. Optionally, the coupling cavity has two nosecones oppositely extending inwardly from an inner wall thereof, wherein the isolation element is spaced apart from the nosecones.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed an accelerating tube comprising: a plurality of acceleration chambers; a coupling cavity coupled with two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities through a coupling port; an energy regulating element coupled to the coupling cavity to regulate an output energy of the acceleration tube; an isolation element connected to an inner wall of the coupling cavity to vacuum-tightly isolate the energy conditioning element from the acceleration cavity, wherein the isolation element is microwave transparent and has a magnetic field strength less than the coupling port. Optionally, the isolation element is remote from a region of maximum electric field strength of the coupling cavity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an acceleration tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an isolation member with an annular connection portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an acceleration tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an acceleration tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an acceleration tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an acceleration tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an acceleration tube according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 8 is a linear accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an accelerating tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the accelerating tube 100 is an edge-coupled standing wave accelerating tube, which includes accelerating cavities 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, coupling cavities 112, 114, 116, 118, and an energy conditioning assembly 120. The accelerating cavities 102, 104, 106, 108, 110 are communicated with each other in the longitudinal direction through drift tubes 122. Coupling cavity 112 couples accelerating cavities 102, 104, coupling cavity 114 couples accelerating cavities 104, 106, coupling cavity 116 couples accelerating cavities 106, 108, and coupling cavity 118 couples accelerating cavities 108, 110. Each of the coupling cavities 112, 114, 116, 118 has a nose cone 101, 103 extending inwardly from the coupling cavity inner wall opposite thereto.
An energy modulation assembly 120 is coupled to the coupling cavity 116, wherein the energy modulation assembly 120 includes at least an energy modulation element 124, a drive element, and a control element. The energy modulation element 124 may be, for example, a rod-like member that is coupled to the coupling cavity 116 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the acceleration tube 100. The drive element may be, for example, a servomotor, and the energy regulating element may be extended into the coupling chamber 116 or retracted from the coupling chamber 116 by the drive of the drive element. The control element may be, for example, a controller, which may be associated with a memory that prestores a correspondence between the output energy of the acceleration tube 100 and the position of the energy adjustment element 124, and may issue position control information to the drive element in accordance with the received output energy information of the acceleration tube 100. Thus, by extending or retracting the energy-regulating element 124, the phase and/or amplitude of the electric field of the accelerating cavity 108 can be regulated, and thus the output energy of the accelerating tube 100 can be regulated.
Also typically included in energy modulation assembly 120 is a bellows (not shown) having one end sealingly coupled to coupling cavity 116 and the other end sealingly coupled to the end of energy modulation element 124 that is external to coupling cavity 116. This part is understood by those skilled in the art and therefore will not be described herein.
A person skilled in the art can understand how to adjust the output energy of the accelerating tube 100 by adjusting the energy adjusting element in the vertical direction, for example, see US4629938, which is not described in detail herein.
The accelerating tube 100 also includes an isolation member 126 that is attached to the inner wall of the coupling cavity 116 and that vacuum-tightly isolates the energy conditioning element 124 from the accelerating cavities 106, 108.
In particular, the isolation element 126 may be a microwave-transparent material, where a dielectric material is selected, which may be a ceramic material or a glass material, for example. Alternatively, the dielectric material may be a ceramic having beryllium oxide of approximately 98% by mass or more, a ceramic having aluminum oxide of 95% by mass or more, or quartz glass, mica glass, or glass ceramics. In such an example, the dielectric material has a low dielectric constant, a low high frequency loss, good thermal conductivity, high sealing properties, and a certain coefficient of thermal expansion.
In an alternative example, the isolation member 126 may be coated with a material that prevents secondary electron emission; further, the material has a secondary electron emission coefficient of less than 1, and may be, for example, a material based on titanium nitride (TiN), or manganese monoxide (MnO) or chromium oxide (Cr)2O3) A predominantly material; further, the thickness of the material may be 10-100nm in consideration of heat dissipation efficiency. In such an example, the secondary electron emission preventing material may act to suppress secondary electrons that may occur at the surface of the spacer 126 when the spacer is exposed to a high frequency microwave field. In this way, the breakdown resistance of the isolation element 126 may be improved.
The shape of the isolation element 126 is configured to fit with the shape of the inner wall of the coupling cavity 116. In fig. 1, the isolation member 126 is also generally square in shape, since the coupling cavity 116 is generally square in cross-section perpendicular to the page.
The spacer element 126 is connected between the nose cones 101, 103 and the coupling openings 128, 130 of the acceleration chambers 106, 108 leading to the coupling chamber 116. Thus, on the one hand, the isolation element 126 is spaced apart from the nose cones 101, 103, away from the relatively high electric field region where the nose cones 101, 103 are located, and thus, the probability of secondary electrons generated due to a strong electric field can be reduced; on the other hand, the isolation element 126 is also spaced apart from the coupling ports 128, 130, away from the relatively high magnetic field region where the coupling ports 128, 130 are located, and thus thermal expansion cracking due to high frequency heat loss caused by a strong magnetic field can be reduced. That is, the thermal stress to which the isolation member 126 is subjected is small as a whole.
The isolation member 126 is typically metallized around its perimeter and then attached to the walls of the coupling cavity 116 by a bonding means such as a brazing weld. The spacer member 126 may be 30-45mm in length, 24-36mm in width, and 2-5mm in thickness.
In an alternative example, as shown in fig. 2, an annular connecting portion 127 may be welded around the periphery of the isolation member 126. The annular connecting portion 127 is formed of a metal material, particularly a metal material having high electrical conductivity. In this way, it is possible to facilitate the connection of the annular connection portion 127 to the wall of the coupling cavity 116 on the one hand and to eliminate the impedance mismatching of the microwave transmission path on both sides of the isolation member 126 (i.e., the coupling cavity side and the acceleration cavity side) due to the introduction of the isolation member 126 on the other hand. Preferably, the material of the annular connecting portion 127 is the same as the material of the wall of the coupling cavity 116. Since the material of the cavity wall of the coupling cavity 116 is usually a copper material, more specifically, an oxygen-free copper material, the material of the annular connecting portion 127 may be a copper material, more specifically, an oxygen-free copper material. It is understood that the material of the annular connecting portion 127 may also be a gold material or a silver material. Preferably, in order to better eliminate the impedance mismatch phenomenon of the microwave transmission path on both sides of the isolation element 126 (i.e., on the coupling cavity side and on the accelerating cavity side), the thickness of the annular connection portion 127 (i.e., the distance from the outer periphery of the isolation element 126 to the wall of the coupling cavity 116) may be greater than 0 and equal to or less than 2mm or greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1 mm; more preferably, the thickness of the annular connecting portion 127 around the long side of the isolation member 126 is greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1mm, and the thickness around the short side of the isolation member 126 is greater than 0 and equal to or less than 2 mm. An example of a spacer member 126 surrounding an annular connecting member 127 is shown in fig. 2, which may have a length dimension of 30-45mm, a width dimension of 24-36mm and a vertical thickness of 2-5mm as a whole. It will be appreciated that the spacer elements may not be square and may not be uniform in thickness.
In a preferred embodiment, the coupling cavity 116 may be filled with sulfur hexafluoride (SF)6) Gas to further reduce the risk of sparking.
As discussed above, since the coupling cavity 116 couples the energy regulating element 124 and the bellows, these moving parts may not stabilize the vacuum level in the accelerating cavity for a long time without the isolation element. Therefore, after long-term use, the vacuum degree in the cavity of the whole accelerating tube is worse and worse, and finally the accelerating tube cannot be used continuously. By arranging the isolation element 126 in the acceleration tube 100, the environment inside the acceleration chambers 106, 108 can be isolated from the environment of the coupling chamber 116 in which the energy conditioning element 124 is arranged. Thus, when the high-temperature baking exhaust is performed in preparation for using the acceleration tube 100, the time taken for the exhaust is greatly reduced; in addition, after being used for a long time, the acceleration chamber 106, 108 can maintain an extremely high vacuum even if the vacuum degree in the coupling chamber 116 is slightly deteriorated due to the presence of the isolation member 126, and thus, the service life of the acceleration tube 100 can be improved.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 schematically illustrates another acceleration tube 200. The accelerating tube 200 shown in fig. 3 differs from the accelerating tube 100 of fig. 1 in that: the accelerating tube 200 also includes a cooling line 202, the cooling line 202 being disposed adjacent to the junction of the isolation member 204 and the inner wall of the coupling cavity 206. The cooling circuit 202 can cool the isolation element 204, thereby further reducing the risk of the isolation element 204 being cracked due to uneven heating under the high power heat loss of the microwave. Moreover, the displacement caused by thermal expansion and contraction between the isolation element 204 and the cavity wall of the coupling cavity 206 can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 schematically shows a schematic view of another accelerating tube 300. The accelerating tube 300 has accelerating cavities 302, 304 and a coupling cavity 306 coupled to the accelerating cavities 302, 304, wherein the accelerating cavities 302, 304 are communicated with each other through a drift tube 308, and coupling ports 310, 312 are defined between the accelerating cavities 302, 304 and the coupling cavity 306. Within the coupling cavity 306 is a nose cone 314 and a shaft 316 opposite the nose cone 314. The rod 316 replaces the original downstream nose cone and serves as an energy conditioning element in the energy conditioning assembly. The drive assembly (e.g., a servo motor) is controlled by a control element, such as a controller, to drive the extension or retraction of the rod 316, thereby changing the phase and/or amplitude of the electric field of the acceleration chamber 304, and thus the output energy of the acceleration tube 300. A person skilled in the art can understand how to adjust the output energy of the accelerating tube 300 by adjusting the energy adjusting element in the horizontal direction, for example, see US4286192, which is not described herein.
In particular, the isolation element 318 is arranged between the nose cone 314 or the rod 316 and the coupling openings 310, 312 of the acceleration chambers 302, 304 leading to the coupling chamber 306.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 schematically illustrates another accelerating tube 400. The accelerating tube 400 differs from the accelerating tube 300 of fig. 4 in that: a valve 404 is further coupled to the coupling cavity 402 of the accelerator tube 400, specifically, the valve 404 is a vacuum valve, and more specifically, the vacuum valve is an angle valve. Due to the presence of the valve 404, on the one hand, the energy regulating assembly can be removed when the accelerating tube 400 is ready for baking and exhausting the accelerating tube 400 (in other words, the energy regulating assembly is installed after baking is finished), so that the energy switch assembly is prevented from being damaged due to exposure to a high-temperature baking environment; on the other hand, during long-term use, the coupling cavity 402 may be separately evacuated if the energy conditioning assembly needs to be replaced.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 schematically illustrates another acceleration tube 500. The acceleration tube 500 includes acceleration chambers 502, 504, 506, 508, 510, 512, 514, coupling chambers 516, 518, 520, 522, 524, 526, and an energy conditioning assembly 528. Wherein the accelerating cavities are communicated with each other in the longitudinal direction through the drift tubes 530. Two adjacent upstream and downstream accelerating cavities are coupled by coupling cavities, respectively, wherein the accelerating cavity 508 is coupled with the coupling cavity 522 by the coupling port 507, and the coupling cavity 522 is coupled with the accelerating cavity 510 by the coupling port 509. Each of the coupling cavities 516, 518, 520, 524, 526 extends inwardly from the inner wall of the respective coupling cavity opposite the nose cone 501, 503. The energy conditioning assembly 528 is coupled to the coupling cavity 522, which replaces the conventional nose cone.
Specifically, the energy modulation assembly 528 includes a first rod 532 and a second rod 534 disposed in opposition, which serve as energy modulation elements. Bellows 536, 538 are coupled to the first and second rod members 532, 534, respectively. Similarly to the previous description, one end of the bellows 536 is sealingly connected to the wall of the coupling chamber 522, the other end is sealingly connected to the end of the first rod 532 outside the coupling chamber 522, one end of the bellows 538 is sealingly connected to the wall of the coupling chamber 522, and the other end is sealingly connected to the end of the second rod 534 outside the coupling chamber 522. The first rod 532 further defines a through hole 540, and the through hole 540 is coupled to a valve (not shown), wherein the valve is a vacuum valve, and in particular, the vacuum valve is an angle valve.
Under the control of a control element (such as a controller), a driving element (such as a servo motor) can drive the first and second rod members 532 and 534, respectively, to change the phase and/or amplitude of the electric field of the acceleration chamber 510, thereby changing the output energy of the acceleration tube 500. How to adjust the first rod-shaped member 532 and the second rod-shaped member 534 to change the output energy of the acceleration tube 500 can be understood by referring to the content of the chinese patent application publication CN105517316A, for example, and will not be described herein again.
The acceleration tube 500 further comprises an isolation element 542 made of a microwave transparent material, in one example a dielectric material, which may be a ceramic material or a glass material. Other necessary or optional features relating to the spacer 542 can be understood from the description relating to the accelerating tube 100.
The spacer 542 may be cylindrical, and more specifically, may be square cylindrical or cylindrical. The cylindrical spacer member 542 is disposed around the rod members in the coupling chamber 522 in such a manner as to accommodate the first and second rod members 532 and 534 therein, and both ends are connected to the chamber wall of the coupling chamber 522 by a connecting means such as brazing welding. Thus, in the space S1 defined by the coupling cavity 522, the isolation member 542 and the cavity wall of the coupling cavity 522 jointly define a space S2 accommodating at least a portion of the first and second rod members 532 and 534, the space S2 is independent of the space S1, and the space S2 is vacuum-tightly isolated from the space S1. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that for some other forms of energy conditioning elements, the energy conditioning elements may be entirely contained within space S2.
Optionally, the isolation member 542 is plate-shaped, configured to fit the shape of the coupling cavity 522, and is two in number. They are arranged on both sides of the energy conditioning element, respectively, i.e. on the side of the energy conditioning element adjacent to the coupling openings 507, 509 and on the side of the energy conditioning element remote from the coupling openings 507, 509, respectively, by means of a connection, such as a solder weld, so that the two plate-shaped separating elements 542 and the wall of the coupling chamber 522 together enclose an independent space.
The spacer 542 may be coated with a material that is resistant to secondary emissions, and the necessary and/or optional features relating to the material may be understood from the description relating to the accelerating tube 100.
The manner of connection of the spacer member 542 to the coupling chamber 522, and the fact that in alternative embodiments the spacer member 542 is provided with an annular connecting portion about its perimeter and the respective dimensions, etc., can be understood from the description relating to the accelerating tube 100.
The isolation member 542 is spaced apart from the first and second rod-shaped members 532 and 534, and is located away from a relatively high electric field region where the first and second rod-shaped members 532 and 534 are located, so that the probability of secondary electrons generated by a strong electric field can be reduced; on the other hand, the spacer 542 is also spaced apart from the coupling ports 507 and 509, and is away from the relatively high magnetic field region where the coupling ports 507 and 509 are located, so that thermal expansion and cracking due to high-frequency heat loss caused by a strong magnetic field can be reduced.
Similar to the previous embodiment, a cooling pipeline may be disposed near the connection position of the isolation element 542 and the coupling cavity 522 to cool the isolation element 542, which may further reduce the risk of the isolation element 542 being broken due to uneven heating under the microwave high power heat loss. Moreover, displacement due to thermal expansion and contraction between the isolation element 542 and the cavity wall of the coupling cavity 522 may also be reduced.
Similar to the previous embodiment, to reduce the risk of sparking, the coupling chamber 522 may be filled with sulfur hexafluoride (SF)6) A gas.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 schematically illustrates another acceleration tube 600. Specifically, the accelerating tube 600 includes two adjacent accelerating cavities 602 and 604, and a coupling cavity 610 coupled to the accelerating cavities 602 and 604 through coupling ports 606 and 608, respectively. In the coupling cavity 610, a nose cone 612 protrudes inwards from the wall of the coupling cavity 610, and opposite to the nose cone 612, a rod 614 is further provided, where the rod 614 serves as an energy adjusting element of the energy adjusting assembly, and can be driven by a driving element to move towards the nose cone 612 or retract away from the nose cone 612 under the control of a control element, so as to change the phase and/or amplitude of the electric field of the accelerating cavity 604, and thus the output energy of the accelerating tube 600. Further, the accelerating tube 600 further includes a spacer member 616 having a generally cylindrical shape with one end closed and the other end open, and the open end connected to the wall of the chamber by, for example, brazing to receive the portion of the rod 614 within the coupling chamber 610 therein. Thus, a second space S2, which is independent from the first space S1 of the coupling chamber 610 and is vacuum-tightly spaced apart from the first space S1, is defined.
Other features of the accelerating tube 600 of this embodiment can be understood with reference to other previous embodiments, and will not be described herein.
As shown, compared to the accelerating tubes 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, a portion of the isolation element 616 passes through the region of maximum electric field strength in the coupling cavity 610 (i.e., the region through which the central longitudinal axis of the coupling cavity 610 passes), and thus may not be as good as the previous embodiments in terms of reducing the probability of secondary electron generation due to a strong electric field. Nevertheless, since the isolation element 616 is spaced apart from the coupling ports 606, 608, away from the relatively high magnetic field region where the coupling ports 608, 610 are located, thermal expansion cracking due to high frequency heat loss caused by the strong magnetic field can be reduced.
Fig. 8 schematically illustrates a linear accelerator 700 according to an embodiment of the invention, the accelerator 700 comprising an acceleration tube 702, wherein the acceleration tube 702 may employ any of the acceleration tubes in the previously described embodiments. More specifically, the linac 700 is a medical linac.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. An accelerating tube, comprising:
a plurality of acceleration chambers;
a coupling cavity coupled with two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities through a coupling port;
an energy regulating element coupled to the coupling cavity to regulate an output energy of the acceleration tube;
an isolation element connected to an inner wall of the coupling cavity to vacuum-tightly isolate the energy conditioning element from the acceleration cavity, wherein the isolation element is microwave-transparent and the isolation element is offset from the coupling port; the coupling cavity has two nosecones oppositely extending inwardly from an inner wall thereof, the isolation element being disposed between the nosecones and the coupling port.
2. The accelerating tube of claim 1, further comprising a valve in gaseous communication with the coupling cavity for evacuating the coupling cavity.
3. The accelerating tube of claim 1, wherein the coupling cavity is filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas.
4. The accelerating tube of claim 1, further comprising a cooling line disposed adjacent to a junction of the isolation element and an inner wall of the coupling cavity to cool the isolation element.
5. The accelerating tube of claim 1, wherein the coupling cavity defines a first space, the isolation element being connected to an inner wall of the coupling cavity surrounding the energy modulation element, wherein the isolation element together with the coupling cavity inner wall define an enclosed second space independent of and vacuum-tightly isolated from the first space.
6. The accelerating tube of claim 1, wherein the spacer element is coated with a material that prevents secondary electron emission.
7. The accelerating tube of claim 6, wherein the material that prevents secondary electron emission comprises titanium nitride, manganese monoxide, or chromium oxide.
8. The accelerating tube of claim 7, wherein the thickness of the material preventing secondary electron emission is 10-100 nm.
9. The accelerating tube of claim 1, wherein the isolation element is connected to the inner wall of the coupling cavity by a conductive metal material.
10. The accelerating tube of claim 9, wherein the electrically conductive metallic material comprises copper, gold, or silver.
11. A linear accelerator comprising an accelerating tube as set forth in any of claims 1-10.
12. An accelerating tube, comprising:
a plurality of acceleration chambers;
a coupling cavity coupled with two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities through a coupling port;
an energy regulating element coupled to the coupling cavity to regulate an output energy of the acceleration tube;
an isolation element disposed between the energy conditioning element and the coupling port to vacuum-tightly isolate a space of the coupling cavity on the energy conditioning element side from a space of the coupling cavity on the coupling port side, wherein the isolation element is transparent to microwaves; the coupling cavity is internally provided with two nosecones oppositely extending inwards from the inner wall of the coupling cavity, and the isolation element is spaced from the nosecones.
13. An accelerating tube, comprising:
a plurality of acceleration chambers;
a coupling cavity coupled with two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities through a coupling port;
an energy regulating element coupled to the coupling cavity to regulate an output energy of the acceleration tube; the coupling cavity is internally provided with a nose cone which protrudes inwards from the cavity wall of the coupling cavity, and the energy adjusting element and the nose cone are oppositely arranged;
an isolation element, one end of which is closed and the other end of which is open, wherein the open end of the isolation element is connected to the inner wall of the coupling cavity so as to accommodate the part of the energy adjusting element, which is positioned in the coupling cavity, in the isolation element, so that the energy adjusting element is isolated from the accelerating cavity in a vacuum sealing mode, the isolation element is transparent to microwaves, and the area of the isolation element is smaller in magnetic field intensity compared with the area of the coupling opening; a portion of the isolation element passes through a region of maximum electric field strength of the coupling cavity.
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| CN107396528B (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-08-23 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | While coupled standing wave accelerator tube production method, while coupled standing wave accelerator tube |
| GB2599907A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-20 | Elekta ltd | Waveguide for a linear accelerator and method of operating a linear accelerator |
| CN113597082B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2022-04-08 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Standing wave accelerating tube and radiation equipment |
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| CN105722298A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-06-29 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | Accelerating tube |
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| US8284898B2 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-10-09 | Accuray, Inc. | Interleaving multi-energy X-ray energy operation of a standing wave linear accelerator |
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Address after: 201807 Shanghai city Jiading District Industrial Zone Jiading Road No. 2258 Patentee after: Shanghai Lianying Medical Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 201807 Shanghai city Jiading District Industrial Zone Jiading Road No. 2258 Patentee before: SHANGHAI UNITED IMAGING HEALTHCARE Co.,Ltd. |