CN106535445B - The single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast and its working method of novel AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency - Google Patents
The single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast and its working method of novel AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN106535445B CN106535445B CN201610864595.4A CN201610864595A CN106535445B CN 106535445 B CN106535445 B CN 106535445B CN 201610864595 A CN201610864595 A CN 201610864595A CN 106535445 B CN106535445 B CN 106535445B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/24—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by high frequency ac, or with separate oscillator frequency
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of single-stage high-frequency electronic ballasts of novel AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency, the single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast includes power circuit and control circuit, wherein, the power circuit includes: single-phase rectification bridge, LC filter circuit, half bridge switching circuit, high-frequency series resonant circuit and lamp circuit；The control circuit includes: single-chip microcontroller or analog control circuit, output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit and driving circuit.Series ballast architecture provided by the invention is simple, it is small in size, modularized design, control is simple, convenient test, and power switch tube realizes Sofe Switch, overall efficiency is up to 94% or more, mains input side power factor is small to electric network pollution higher than 0.95, meets the various electromagnetic compatibility standard requirements in relation to electric ballast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ballast for HID lamps and other high-pressure gas discharge lamps, in particular to a novel AC-AC variable frequency single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast and an operating method thereof.
Background
The HID lamp is widely popularized and applied in the field of illumination due to the advantages of good color rendering, high brightness, good energy-saving effect, good light transmittance and the like, but a special electronic ballast is needed for ensuring the reliable work of the HID lamp. However, until now, the electronic ballasts with mature technology in the market are mainly in the form of two-stage structure and three-stage structure circuits, and firstly convert the input alternating current into direct current and then convert the direct current into alternating current for output. The front-stage circuit is a power factor correction circuit, converts input alternating current into direct current and mainly has the function of realizing high power factor at the input power supply side. The back-stage circuit is an inverter circuit, inverts the direct current into low-frequency or high-frequency alternating current and outputs an alternating current power supply meeting the requirement of the illumination of the HID lamp. The three-stage structure circuit mode is that a stage of direct current voltage conversion circuit is added between the front stage circuit and the rear stage circuit to realize the matching between input voltage and output voltage. Due to the multi-stage circuit structure, the electronic ballast has a complex circuit structure, high cost and low efficiency, and in order to realize high power factor at the input power supply side, the added power factor correction circuit also brings the electromagnetic compatibility problems of FCC and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a novel AC-AC frequency conversion single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast and an implementation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is a novel AC-AC variable frequency single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast, which comprises a power circuit and a control circuit, wherein the power circuit comprises:
the single-phase rectifier bridge is used for converting the input single-phase alternating current into low-frequency pulsating direct current;
the LC filter circuit is used for filtering the input current;
the half-bridge switching circuit is used for carrying out high-frequency chopping on the low-frequency pulsating direct current;
the high-frequency series resonance circuit is an LC series resonance circuit and is used for frequency selection and high-frequency energy transmission;
and the lighting circuit is used for generating high-voltage pulses to break down the high-pressure gas discharge lamp such as HID.
The control circuit includes:
the singlechip or the analog control circuit is used for processing signals according to a given reference signal and a feedback signal and outputting a control signal;
the output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit is used for sampling, filtering, dividing or amplifying the lamp voltage and the lamp current and providing a feedback signal for the singlechip or the analog control circuit; and
and the driving circuit is used for isolating and amplifying a control signal from the singlechip or the analog control circuit to drive the switching-on and switching-off of the half-bridge switching circuit.
In the above technical solution, the lighting circuit has two types:
a lighting circuit is an ignition capacitor, and a resonance inductor of a series resonance circuit resonates with the ignition capacitor to generate a high voltage pulse to light.
Another type of ignition circuit is an igniter. The ignition capacitor is charged and discharged, and high-voltage pulse is output to light after passing through the step-up transformer.
In the above technical solution, further, in order to realize the matching of the output voltage, a high frequency pulse transformer is added to the output end of the circuit.
The invention also provides a working method and a flow of the novel AC-AC frequency conversion single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast, which comprise the following steps:
the ballast is powered on, the auxiliary power supply works and supplies power to each part of the control circuit; and powering on the singlechip and initializing.
The singlechip or the analog control circuit controls the on and off of the half-bridge switching circuit to realize frequency reduction and frequency sweep or fixed frequency resonance lighting; or an external igniter is used for lighting;
the lamp starts working, and adopts constant current frequency modulation control, the lamp current is stable, the lamp voltage is gradually increased, and the lamp power is increased along with the lamp current;
and (4) until the lamp power reaches a rated value, the lamp voltage is equal to the rated voltage, and the lamp enters constant-power frequency modulation operation and normal illumination.
The ballast of the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the series ballasts provided by the invention have the advantages of simple structure, small volume, modular design, simple control and convenient test, the power switch tube realizes soft switching, the overall efficiency reaches more than 94 percent, the power factor of the input side of the power supply is higher than 0.95, the pollution to a power grid is small, and the electromagnetic compatibility standard requirements of various related electronic ballasts are met.
And 2, the LC filter circuit has small parameters, the voltage on the filter capacitor is low-frequency pulsating direct current after full-wave rectification of the power frequency alternating current, the minimum value of the envelope of the low-frequency pulsating direct current is very small and even close to zero, and the low-frequency pulsating direct current is different from the low-frequency pulsating direct current which is obtained by other rectifying and filtering circuits and is basically stable.
3. And the half-bridge switching circuit performs high-frequency chopping on the low-frequency pulsating direct current after full-wave rectification of the input power supply to obtain low-frequency amplitude-modulated high-frequency pulses.
4. The natural resonance frequency of the high-frequency resonance circuit is approximately equal to the frequency of the low-frequency amplitude-modulated high-frequency pulse, and the circuit works in a quasi-resonance state and outputs low-frequency amplitude-modulated high-frequency alternating current.
5. The ballast power circuit of the invention does not maintain basically stable direct current voltage, realizes direct alternating current-alternating current frequency conversion, and converts input power frequency alternating current into high-frequency alternating current with modulated amplitude.
6. Although the ballast of the present invention has no special power factor correction circuit, the input power supply side power factor is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the ac-ac frequency conversion single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power circuit for the electronic ballast of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power circuit for the electronic ballast of embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power circuit for the electronic ballast of embodiment 3.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a power circuit for the electronic ballast of embodiment 4.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the operation of the ac-ac variable frequency single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the ac-ac frequency conversion single-stage high-frequency electronic inductive ballast of the present invention includes a power circuit and a control circuit, wherein the power circuit includes a single-phase rectifier bridge 1, an LC filter circuit 2, a half-bridge switching circuit 3, a high-frequency series resonant circuit 4, and an ignition circuit 5; the control circuit comprises an auxiliary power supply module 6, a driving circuit 7, a given or display circuit 8, a singlechip or analog control circuit 9 and an output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit 10.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a circuit topology of the power circuit is shown in fig. 2, and each part in the power circuit is described below:
single-phase rectifier bridge 1: the bidirectional power switch is used for converting single-phase alternating current into pulsating direct current, so that the circuit design is simplified, and particularly, the bidirectional power switch is improved into the unidirectional power switch, so that two power switch tubes and driving circuits thereof are reduced, the circuit design is simplified, and the product cost is reduced.
LC filter circuit 2: the power factor correction circuit is used for filtering pulse current of a rear-stage power conversion circuit, reducing input-side network access harmonic waves and improving input-side power factors. The LC filter circuit 2 includes filter inductors L1 and C1.
Half-bridge switching circuit 3: and the conversion and transmission of the electric energy are controlled timely. Including power switches Q1 and Q2. The switch circuit may be a full-bridge switch circuit, but a switch tube and a driving circuit thereof are added.
High-frequency series resonant circuit 4: in the embodiment, the LC series resonant circuit is adopted, and works in a detuning state to realize frequency selection and high-frequency energy transmission. The LC series resonant circuit used uses a capacitor CS in series with an inductor LS as shown in fig. 2.
The ignition circuit 5 is implemented with an ignition capacitor CP 14.
The following describes each part of the control circuit:
the auxiliary power supply 6: the power is supplied to a driving circuit 7, a given or display circuit 8, a singlechip or analog control circuit 9 and an output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit 10.
The drive circuit 7: the control signal from the singlechip or the analog control circuit 9 is isolated and amplified to drive the power MOS tube in the half-bridge switch circuit 3 to be switched on and off.
The given or display circuit 8: and providing an output reference signal for the singlechip or the analog control circuit 9, and displaying a working state signal output by the singlechip or the analog control circuit 9.
Singlechip or analog control circuit 9: and according to a given reference signal and a feedback signal, signal processing is carried out, a control signal is output, and the power MOS tube in the half-bridge switch circuit 3 is controlled to be switched on and off after being isolated and amplified by the drive circuit 7.
Output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit 10: the lamp voltage and the lamp current are sampled, filtered, divided or amplified, and a feedback signal is provided for the singlechip or the analog control circuit 9 to carry out output control.
The ballast of the embodiment is suitable for: under the condition that the input power supply voltage is larger than 2 times of output voltage and the distance between the ballast and the HID lamp is short, the resonant lighting is carried out in a frequency reduction and frequency sweep mode, the resonant inductor LS and the ignition capacitor CP are used for resonating high-voltage pulses to breakdown the HID lamp and other lamps, and the requirements on the voltage resistance and the performance of the ignition capacitor CP14 are high. The specific work flow is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following steps:
(1) powering up
The ballast is electrified, the auxiliary power supply works, the output voltage is stable after a slight delay, and power is supplied to all parts of the control circuit. And powering on the singlechip and initializing.
(2) Lighting up
The frequency reduction sweep frequency resonance lighting is utilized, when the lamp is started, the frequency reduction sweep frequency is firstly carried out from higher frequency, and the resonance of the resonance inductor LS and the lighting capacitor CP is utilized to generate high voltage pulse to breakdown the lamp such as HID.
(3) Starting up
When the lamp starts to work, constant current frequency modulation control is adopted, the lamp current is stable, the lamp voltage is gradually increased, and the lamp power is increased accordingly.
(4) Illumination device
And (4) until the lamp power reaches a rated value, the lamp voltage is equal to the rated voltage, and the constant-power frequency modulation operation is carried out.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a circuit topology of the power circuit is as shown in fig. 3, a step-up transformer 11 is connected between the ignition capacitor CP14 and the output end in this embodiment to implement output voltage matching, other circuit structures are the same as those in embodiment 1, and a control circuit is also the same as that in embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here.
The ballast of the embodiment is suitable for: under the condition that the distance between the ballast and the HID lamp is short, the frequency reduction and sweep mode is adopted for resonance lighting, the lamps such as the HID lamp are broken down after high voltage pulse boosting is achieved through resonance of the resonance inductor LS and the ignition capacitor CP, and the voltage withstanding requirement on the ignition capacitor CP is lowered. The working flow is shown in fig. 6, and is the same as the working process of the ballast in embodiment 1, and the details are not repeated here. Compared with embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a step-up transformer 11 is connected between the ignition capacitor CP14 and the output terminal, and matching between the input voltage and the output voltage is realized through the step-up transformer 11.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a circuit topology structure of the power circuit is shown in fig. 4, the ignition circuit 5 used in this embodiment is implemented by using an external igniter DH15, other circuit structures are the same as those in embodiment 1, and a control circuit is also the same as that in embodiment 1, and details are not described here.
The ballast of the embodiment is suitable for: under the condition that the input power voltage is more than 2 times of output voltage and the distance between the ballast and the HID lamp is long, in this case, an external igniter is adopted to ignite to generate high-voltage pulse to breakdown the HID lamp and other lamps, and the requirement on the withstand voltage of the device is low. The specific work flow is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following steps:
(1) powering up
The ballast is electrified, the auxiliary power supply works, the output voltage is stable after a slight delay, and power is supplied to all parts of the control circuit. And powering on the singlechip and initializing.
(2) Lighting up
The lamp generates high voltage pulse to breakdown HID and other lamps by adopting an external igniter lighting mode.
(3) Starting up
When the lamp starts to work, constant current frequency modulation control is adopted, the lamp current is stable, the lamp voltage is gradually increased, and the lamp power is increased accordingly.
(4) Illumination device
And (4) until the lamp power reaches a rated value, the lamp voltage is equal to the rated voltage, and the constant-power frequency modulation operation is carried out.
Example 4
In this embodiment, a circuit topology of the power circuit is shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a step-up transformer 11 is added to the circuit structure of embodiment 3, the step-up transformer 11 is connected before the igniter DH15, other circuit structures are the same as those in embodiment 3, and the control circuit is also the same as that in embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here.
The ballast of the embodiment is suitable for: under the condition that the distance between the ballast and the HID lamp is far under the condition of full-series input of power supply voltage, a high-voltage pulse is generated by adopting an external igniter ignition mode to break down lamps such as the HID lamp, and the requirement on the withstand voltage of the device is low at the moment. The specific working flow is shown in fig. 6, and is the same as the working process of the ballast in embodiment 3, and the details are not repeated here. Compared with embodiment 3, in this embodiment, a step-up transformer 11 is added before the igniter DH15, and matching between the input voltage and the output voltage is achieved through the step-up transformer 11.
Claims (6)
1. A novel AC-AC frequency conversion single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast is characterized in that: comprises a power circuit and a control circuit; wherein,
the power circuit includes:
the single-phase rectifier bridge is used for converting the input single-phase alternating current into low-frequency pulsating direct current;
the LC filter circuit comprises an inductor L and a capacitor C, one end of the inductor L is connected with the positive electrode output end of the single-phase rectifier bridge, the other end of the inductor L is connected with the capacitor, the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the negative electrode output end of the single-phase rectifier bridge, the LC filter circuit is used for filtering input current, the voltage on the filter capacitor in the LC filter circuit is low-frequency pulsating direct current after full-wave rectification of power frequency alternating current, and the minimum value of the envelope of the low-frequency pulsating direct current is close to zero;
the half-bridge switching circuit comprises an upper tube Q1 and a lower tube Q2, wherein two MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes form a bridge arm, the drain electrode of an upper tube Q1 is connected to the other end of an inductor L, the source electrode of a lower tube Q2 is connected with the negative electrode output end of a single-phase rectifier bridge, the source electrode of an upper tube Q1 and the drain electrode of a lower tube Q2 are connected to form bridge arm midpoint output, the half-bridge switching circuit is used for carrying out high-frequency chopping on the low-frequency pulsating direct current, and the half-bridge switching circuit carries out high-frequency chopping on the rectified low-frequency pulsating direct;
the high-frequency series resonance circuit comprises a capacitor CS and an inductor LS, wherein one end of the capacitor CS is connected with the middle point output of the bridge arm, the other end of the capacitor CS is connected with one end of the inductor and is used for frequency selection and high-frequency energy transmission, the natural resonance frequency of the high-frequency series resonance circuit is equal to the frequency of the low-frequency amplitude-modulated high-frequency pulse, the circuit works in a resonance or quasi-resonance state, and the low-frequency amplitude-modulated high-frequency alternating current is output;
a lighting circuit, one end of which is connected with the other end of the inductor LS, and the other end of which is connected with the negative output end of the single-phase rectifier bridge, and is used for generating high-voltage pulse to breakdown the high-voltage gas discharge lamp;
a high-frequency pulse transformer: the primary side of the power supply is connected with two ends of a lamp circuit and used for realizing the matching of input and output voltages;
the control circuit includes:
the singlechip or the analog control circuit is used for processing signals according to a given reference signal and a feedback signal and outputting a control signal;
the input end of the output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit is connected with the other end of the inductor LS, and the output end of the output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit is connected with the single chip microcomputer or the analog control circuit and is used for sampling, filtering, dividing or amplifying the lamp voltage and the lamp current and providing feedback signals for the single chip microcomputer or the analog control circuit; and
and the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the singlechip or the analog control circuit, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the half-bridge switching circuit and is used for isolating and amplifying a control signal from the singlechip or the analog control circuit to drive the half-bridge switching circuit to be switched on and off.
2. The ac-ac frequency conversion single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ballast power circuit does not maintain basically stable direct-current voltage, realizes direct alternating-current and alternating-current frequency conversion, and converts input power frequency alternating current into high-frequency alternating current with modulated amplitude.
3. The ac-ac frequency conversion single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ballast has no special power factor correction circuit and still realizes high power factor.
4. The ac-to-ac converter single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast as claimed in claim 1, wherein said control circuit further comprises:
the setting or display circuit is used for providing an output reference signal for the singlechip or the analog control circuit and displaying a working state signal output by the singlechip or the analog control circuit; and
and the auxiliary power supply module is used for supplying power to the driving circuit, the given or display circuit, the single chip microcomputer or the analog control circuit and the output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
the singlechip or the analog control circuit controls the switching-on of the half-bridge switching circuit to realize frequency reduction, frequency sweep and lighting;
the lamp starts working, and adopts constant current frequency modulation control, the lamp current is stable, the lamp voltage is gradually increased, and the lamp power is increased along with the lamp current;
and (4) until the lamp power reaches a rated value, the lamp voltage is equal to the rated voltage, and the constant-power frequency modulation operation is carried out.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the output voltage and current sampling and conditioning circuit samples, filters, divides or amplifies the lamp voltage and the lamp current and provides a feedback signal for the single chip microcomputer or the analog control circuit to carry out output control;
the singlechip or the analog control circuit processes signals according to a given reference signal and a feedback signal and outputs a control signal;
the driving circuit isolates and amplifies a control signal output by the singlechip or the analog control circuit, and then drives the half-bridge switching circuit to be switched on and off.
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| CN201610864595.4A CN106535445B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | The single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast and its working method of novel AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency |
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| CN201610864595.4A CN106535445B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | The single-stage high-frequency electronic ballast and its working method of novel AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency |
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| CN205491400U (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉鑫双易科技开发有限公司 | Sub - ballast of single -phase single -stage HID high frequency electric |
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2016
- 2016-09-29 CN CN201610864595.4A patent/CN106535445B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1516993A (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2004-07-28 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | High efficiency driver apparatus for driving cold cathode fluorescent lamp |
| WO2006000931A1 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2006-01-05 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Gas discharge lamp driving method |
| CN101980587A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-02-23 | 三峡大学 | Electronic ballast for cold cathode fluorescent lamp and output current adjusting method thereof |
| CN102421236A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-04-18 | 三峡大学 | CFL electronic ballast with adjustable-voltage and dimming features |
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