CN106534008B - The power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels - Google Patents
The power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
- H04L25/0256—Channel estimation using minimum mean square error criteria
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03159—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the frequency domain
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L2025/03433—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference characterised by equaliser structure
- H04L2025/03439—Fixed structures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology fields, disclose a kind of power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels；It include: that A/D sampling, the sampled data received are carried out to the data after wireless multi-path channels transmit；MMSE estimation is carried out to wireless multi-path channels, obtains the frequency domain filter coefficient of wireless multi-path channels, determines the filter error power spectrum and compensation direction of MMSE estimation；The frequency domain filter coefficient of wireless multi-path channels is modified, the frequency domain filter coefficient after obtaining error compensation；According to the frequency domain filter coefficient after error compensation, frequency domain equalization is carried out to frequency domain sample data, the data after obtaining frequency domain equalization；To obtain actual reception data；With better performance, lower complexity and it is easy to Project Realization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field more particularly to a kind of power compensation MMSE of wireless multi-path channels
(Minimum Mean Squared Error, least mean-square error) equalization methods.
Background technique
Traditional mode of operation can only rely on the Situation Awareness energy of each combat unit itself due to being limited by communication capacity
Power, command and control ability, maneuverability, killing ability, survival ability and quantity form its fighting capacity, and network-centric warfare
Advanced communication and network technology is then utilized, relies primarily on cooperation and collaboration between combat unit to generate fighting capacity.Battlefield
Situation is fast changing, and amount of communication data is huge, thus combat troop to traditional military communication radio station transmission rate, channel width,
Communication distance, mobile reception, constructing communication network and anti-interference ability etc. propose requirements at the higher level.
But symbol crosstalk brought by the frequency selective fading as caused by multipath has seriously affected width in wireless channel
Reliability with wireless communication.Broadband high-speed data transmission is very sensitive to the time-varying of channel, and the increase of bandwidth can make to sample
Interval is less than the delay spread of channel, and this creates the terminal the frequency selective fadings under multi-path environment.Meanwhile wireless communication is set
High speed relative movement between standby can cause doppler shift effect, and Doppler effect becomes transmission channel at any time and quickly
Change, so as to cause the time selective fading of channel.Therefore, WiMAX mobile communication system will be because double by channel time-frequency
The influence of Selective intensity and cause intersymbol interference, intersymbol interference can make receive signal deteriorate, the bit error rate increase, system performance drop
It is low, it can make system that can not continue to work normally under serious conditions.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels, has better performance, lower
Complexity and be easy to Project Realization.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realised by adopting the following technical scheme.
A kind of power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels, described method includes following steps:
Step 1, the intermediate frequency data for needing to send is obtained, the intermediate frequency data is transmitted by wireless multi-path channels, to process
Data after wireless multi-path channels transmission carry out A/D sampling, the sampled data received；
Step 2, MMSE estimation is carried out to the wireless multi-path channels using training sequence, obtains the wireless multi-path channels
Frequency domain filter coefficient determine that the filter of MMSE estimation is missed according to the frequency domain filter coefficient of the wireless multi-path channels
Poor power spectrum and compensation direction；
Step 3, according to the filter error power spectrum and compensation direction, to the frequency domain filtering of the wireless multi-path channels
Device coefficient is modified, the frequency domain filter coefficient after obtaining error compensation；
Step 4, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out to the sampled data received, obtains frequency domain sample data, and root
According to the frequency domain filter coefficient after the error compensation, frequency domain equalization is carried out to the frequency domain sample data, obtains frequency domain equalization
Data afterwards；
Step 5, inverse Fourier transform is carried out to the data after the frequency domain equalization, obtains time domain sampled data, thus
To actual reception data.
The characteristics of technical solution of the present invention and further improvement are as follows:
(1) in step 1,
Obtain the intermediate frequency data { a for needing to sendk, the intermediate frequency data is transmitted by wireless multi-path channels, to by nothing
Data after line multi-path channel transmission carry out A/D sampling, the sampled data { r receivedm}；And:
Wherein, k=0,1 ..., (M1- 1), M1For the points after if sampling；M=0,1 ..., (M-1), M adopts for A/D
The points of sample, and M=M1；H (i) is the shock response of wireless multi-path channels, and n (i) is additive noise, and T is the if sampling period.
(2) the frequency domain filter coefficient W in step 3 after error compensationlAre as follows:
Wherein, l=0,1,2 ..., (M2- 1), M2For the number of frequency domain filter coefficient, and M2=M,For filter error power spectrum,For HlConjugation, SNR
For signal-to-noise ratio, σ2For the variance of additive noise, h indicates the shock response of wireless multi-path channels,Indicate wireless multi-path channels
Shock response radian value mean value, Expression is askedValue of symbol,Value be -1 or 1, indicate compensation direction.
(3) in step 5, actual reception data { z is obtainedmAre as follows:
Wherein, RlFor frequency domain sample data, WlFor the frequency domain filter coefficient after error compensation.
The invention proposes a kind of power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels, carry out letter using training sequence
Road estimation, calculates the power error value and compensation direction of MMSE, is updated to equalizing coefficient.Equilibrium side proposed by the present invention
Method performance compared with existing equalization methods is more preferable, complexity is low and is easy to Project Realization.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of process of the power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of the equalization methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on CPM modulated signal；
Fig. 3 is the setting method of Chu synchronizing sequence provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that Chu synchronizing sequence provided in an embodiment of the present invention and CPM modulated signal carry out the data frame after data recombination
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the simulation result schematic diagram one under SUI6 channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the simulation result schematic diagram two under SUI6 channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the simulation result schematic diagram three under SUI6 channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is error code of the power compensation MMSE equalization methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention under different Doppler frequency shifts
It can schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Adaptive equalizer based on pilot training sequence generally comprises two kinds of operating modes, i.e. training mode and tracking mould
Formula.In training mode, conventional method be transmitting terminal emit known to one, the pilot training sequence of fixed length, so as to receiving end
Balanced device passes through the reception signal to have distorted and known transmitting signal calculates channel estimation value, is adjusted according to channel estimation value
The coefficient of equalization filter is implemented around the compensation to channel distortions to optimum value.Typical pilot training sequence be one two into
Pseudo-random sequence processed or a string of preassigned data bit, what is transmitted after pilot training sequence is number of users
According to.When designing pilot training sequence, it is desirable that accomplish that balanced device can also pass through this sequence even if under worst channel condition
Obtain correct filter coefficient.It is ensured that after receiving pilot training sequence in this way, the filter coefficient of balanced device connects
Nearly optimum value.For balanced device from adjusting parameter to convergence is formed, the time span of whole process is equalizer algorithm, structure and channel
The function of change rate.In order to guarantee to effectively eliminate intersymbol interference, balanced device needs periodically to do training.Tracing mode is
Real user data is received, the transmission of the useful information of communicating pair is started, this method is referred to as skilled adaptive
It is balanced.However, the change of the characteristic of channel is often very violent in practical applications especially in wireless mobile communications, in order to
So that balanced device is tracked the change of the characteristic of channel always to effectively eliminate intersymbol interference, has in transmitting terminal every one
The section time just periodically sends training sequence.
The various aspects combined factors such as performance requirement, the characteristic of channel, implementation complexity based on communication system consider, in reality
The MMSE equalization algorithm that adaptive equalizer is generally selected force zero (Zero-Forcing, ZF) equalization algorithm and simplified in.
In existing technical solution, when the frequency decline relatively flat time of channel, ZF equilibrium and MMSE portfolio effect
It is not much different.But when channel has the deep fade pole on frequency domain, ZF equilibrium can be such that noise amplifies, and MMSE equilibrium will not
Amplify interchannel noise excessively, performance is better than zero forcing equalization.However, can have part residual intersymbol interference after MMSE is balanced,
If remaining intersymbol interference eliminated, the bit error rate can be further decreased, improves performance.MMSE-RISIC(Residual
ISI Cancellation) algorithm utilize feedback op, remaining intersymbol interference can be effectively removed, be disadvantageous in that increase
Computational complexity.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels, as shown in Figure 1, institute
The method of stating includes the following steps:
Step 1, the intermediate frequency data for needing to send is obtained, the intermediate frequency data is transmitted by wireless multi-path channels, to process
Data after wireless multi-path channels transmission carry out A/D sampling, the sampled data received.
In step 1, the intermediate frequency data { a for needing to send is obtainedk, the intermediate frequency data is transmitted by wireless multi-path channels,
A/D sampling, the sampled data { r received are carried out to the data after wireless multi-path channels transmitm}；And:
Wherein, k=0,1 ..., (M1- 1), M1For the points after if sampling；M=0,1 ..., (M-1), M adopts for A/D
The points of sample, and M=M1；H () is the shock response of wireless multi-path channels, and n () is additive noise, and T is if sampling week
Phase.
Step 2, MMSE estimation is carried out to the wireless multi-path channels using training sequence, obtains the wireless multi-path channels
Frequency domain filter coefficient determine that the filter of MMSE estimation is missed according to the frequency domain filter coefficient of the wireless multi-path channels
Poor power spectrum and compensation direction.
Step 3, according to the filter error power spectrum and compensation direction, to the frequency domain filtering of the wireless multi-path channels
Device coefficient is modified, the frequency domain filter coefficient after obtaining error compensation.
Frequency domain filter coefficient W in step 3 after error compensationlAre as follows:
Wherein, l=0,1,2 ..., (M2- 1), M2For the number of frequency domain filter coefficient, and M2=M,For filter error power spectrum, For HlConjugation, SNR is
Signal-to-noise ratio, σ2For the variance of additive noise, h indicates the shock response of wireless multi-path channels,Indicate wireless multi-path channels
The mean value of the radian value of shock response,Expression is askedValue of symbol,
Value be -1 or 1, indicate compensation direction.
Step 4, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out to the sampled data received, obtains frequency domain sample data, and root
According to the frequency domain filter coefficient after the error compensation, frequency domain equalization is carried out to the frequency domain sample data, obtains frequency domain equalization
Data afterwards.
Step 5, inverse Fourier transform is carried out to the data after the frequency domain equalization, obtains time domain sampled data, thus
To actual reception data.
In step 5, actual reception data { z is obtainedmAre as follows:
Wherein, RlFor frequency domain sample data, WlFor the frequency domain filter coefficient after error compensation.
Illustratively, technical solution of the present invention is illustrated below by way of specific example emulation.
The original of equalization methods based on Continuous Phase Modulation CPM (Continue Phase Modulation) signal modulation
Block diagram is managed as shown in Fig. 2, Chu sequence is mainly used for the estimation, equilibrium, the estimation of frequency deviation and skew of wireless multi-path channels.
Firstly, being illustrated to the Chu sequence in the present embodiment:
Chu sequence belongs to CAZAC (Constant Amplitude Zero Auto-Correlation) sequence, that is, has
Permanent width, zero auto-correlation good characteristic nonbinary sequence of complex numbers.CAZAC sequence has relevant peaks sharp, and secondary lobe is
Zero the characteristics of.CAZAC sequence is usually used in the synchronized algorithm in communication system.CAZAC sequence has the property that
Permanent envelope trait: the CAZAC sequence constant amplitude of random length.
Ideal period autocorrelation performance: after any CAZAC sequential shift n, n is not the whole of the period of CAZAC sequence
When several times, the sequence after displacement is uncorrelated to former sequence.
Good cross correlation: cross-correlation and partial correlation values are close to 0.
Low peak average ratio characteristic: the signal of any CAZAC sequence composition, peak value are very low with the ratio of its mean value.
Be still CAZAC sequence after Fourier transformation: any CAZAC sequence is still after the positive anti-change of Fourier
CAZAC sequence.Chu synchronizing sequence used by the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
The set-up mode of Chu synchronizing sequence is as shown in figure 3, the set-up mode of Chu synchronizing sequence is to utilize this herein
Two training sequences carry out channel estimation, it is ensured that receive the two sequences front and back in signal not by other information signal
The influence of multipath extension.Transmitting terminal and receiving end are to work independently, so receiving end at the time of transmiting data to up to receiving end
It is not aware that, at the time of receiving end will obtain transmiting data to up to receiving end by processing.
So as to obtain time synchronization information using two training symbols before every frame.Carrying out time synchronization estimation
When can be obtained by the time domain estimated value of channel, carry out the frequency domain value that channel estimation is just obtained after FFT transform.Utilize channel
The frequency domain value of estimation carries out channel equalization to the data after time and carrier wave frequency deviation correction in frequency domain to offset channel to letter
Number influence.
Further, as shown in figure 4, data frame structure after carrying out data recombination for Chu sequence and CPM modulated signal with
And the simulation parameter of the present embodiment, each data frame are changing by two Chu synchronizing symbols, two data symbols and 200us
Frequency protection composition, and Chu synchronizing symbol and data symbol have the cyclic prefix of 22.22us, are used for anti-multipath time delay.
Obtain the intermediate frequency data { a for needing to sendk, the intermediate frequency data is transmitted by wireless multi-path channels, to by nothing
Data after line multi-path channel transmission carry out A/D sampling, the sampled data { r receivedm}；And:
Wherein, k=0,1 ..., (M1- 1), M1For the points after if sampling；M=0,1 ..., (M-1), M adopts for A/D
The points of sample, and M=M1；H () is the shock response of wireless multi-path channels, and n () is additive noise, and T is if sampling week
Phase.
Since there are cyclic prefix, it can be assumed that { akHave periodically, for any integer L, there is ak=ak±LM, simultaneously
Also there is h (mT)=h ((m ± LM) T) for shock response.In discrete domain, formula (2) be may be expressed as:
Rl=Hl4l+Vl, l=0,1,2 ..., (M-1) (3)
In formula (3):
After frequency domain equalization, the output signal of time-domain are as follows:
WhereinThat is RlIt is to receive signal { rmFFT transform.
According to zero forcing equalization, then the coefficient of filter can be obtained by following formula:
According to least mean-square error (MMSE) criterion, then the coefficient of filter can be obtained by following formula
According to traditional MMSE algorithm, then existEqual error power spectrum, therefore MMSE can be calculated
Method does an improvement, improved filter coefficient are as follows:
Expression is askedValue of symbol,Value be -1 or 1, MMSE algorithm is determined with it
The direction of error power spectrum compensation.
All emulation of the embodiment of the present invention are all based on data frame structure shown in Fig. 4, emulate channel model used
It is based primarily upon multi-path Fading Channel+Gaussian noise.Multi-path Fading Channel model is SUI 6 (Strong hilly):
Tau=[0 14,000 20000] * 1e-9, pdb=[0-10-14].Wherein tao is path delay vector, and pdb declines for amplitude
Subtract vector, simulation result below is all based on the various equalization algorithms emulation of sui6 channel.
Fig. 5 is the simulation result (frequency deviation 150Hz) under SUI6 channel, and Fig. 6 is the simulation result (frequency deviation under SUI6 channel
100Hz), Fig. 7 is the simulation result (frequency deviation 50Hz) under SUI6 channel；It can be seen that from Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 and be in the bit error rate
10-2When rank, zero forcing equalization, MMSE equalization algorithm and the MMSE equalization algorithm of the invention based on power compensation all have centainly
Anti-multipath and Doppler frequency shift function, MMSE algorithm probably has the error code gain of 3dB, this hair compared with zero forcing equalization performance
Bright improved power error compensates the error code gain for having 8dB more general than zero forcing equalization of MMSE equalization algorithm, it can be seen that right
MMSE equalization algorithm carries out effective power error compensation, can be good at the multipath fading and Doppler frequency shift that fight channel.
Fig. 8 is that power error provided by the invention compensates error code of the MMSE equalization algorithm under different Doppler frequency shifts
Can, it can be seen that MMSE equalization algorithm maximum improved for CPM signal can resist, 100Hz's is more from the simulation result of Fig. 8
General Le frequency displacement.
Above-described embodiment is in the balanced skill of existing least mean-square error (Minimum Mean Squared Error, MMSE)
A kind of power spectrum for being based on Continuous Phase Modulation (Continue Phase Modulation, CMP) signal is proposed on the basis of art
The novel single carrier frequency domain equalization algorithm of compensation estimates channel, root using known training sequence on the basis of MMSE equalization algorithm
The direction of MMSE power error value and error amount is determined according to channel estimation value, updates coefficient of equalizing wave filter, eliminates residual intersymbol
Interference；Remaining intersymbol interference can be effectively removed, improves demodulation performance, and with simple, computation complexity is low, is easy to engineering reality
The advantages that existing.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
Step 1, the intermediate frequency data for needing to send is obtained, the intermediate frequency data is transmitted by wireless multi-path channels, to by wireless
Data after multi-path channel transmission carry out A/D sampling, the sampled data received；Also comprising training in the intermediate frequency data
Sequence；
Step 2, MMSE estimation is carried out to the wireless multi-path channels using training sequence, obtains the frequency of the wireless multi-path channels
Domain filter coefficient determines the filter error function of MMSE estimation according to the frequency domain filter coefficient of the wireless multi-path channels
Rate spectrum and compensation direction；
Step 3, according to the filter error power spectrum and compensation direction, to the frequency domain filter system of the wireless multi-path channels
Number is modified, the frequency domain filter coefficient after obtaining error compensation；
Step 4, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out to the sampled data received, obtains frequency domain sample data, and according to institute
Frequency domain filter coefficient after stating error compensation carries out frequency domain equalization to the frequency domain sample data, after obtaining frequency domain equalization
Data；
Step 5, inverse Fourier transform is carried out to the data after the frequency domain equalization, time domain sampled data is obtained, to obtain reality
The reception data on border；
Wherein, in step 1,
Obtain the intermediate frequency data { a for needing to sendk, the intermediate frequency data is transmitted by wireless multi-path channels, to by wireless multi-path
Data after transmission carry out A/D sampling, the sampled data { r receivedm}；And:
Wherein, k=0,1 ..., (M1- 1), M1For the points after if sampling；M=0,1 ..., (M-1), M is A/D sampling
Points, and M=M1；H () is the shock response of wireless multi-path channels, and n () is additive noise, and T is the if sampling period；
Frequency domain filter coefficient W in step 3 after error compensationlAre as follows:
Wherein, l=0,1,2 ..., (M2- 1), M2For the number of frequency domain filter coefficient, and M2=M,For filter
Wave device error power spectrum, For HlConjugation, SNR is signal-to-noise ratio, σ2It makes an uproar for additivity
The variance of sound, h indicate the shock response of wireless multi-path channels,Indicate the radian value of the shock response of wireless multi-path channels
Mean value, Expression is askedValue of symbol,Value be -1 or 1, indicate mend
Repay direction.
2. a kind of power compensation MMSE equalization methods of wireless multi-path channels according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
In rapid 5, actual reception data { z is obtainedmAre as follows:
Wherein, RlFor frequency domain sample data, WlFor the frequency domain filter coefficient after error compensation.
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| WO2013172729A1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Intel Corporation | Receiver with doppler tolerant equalization |
| CN105187339A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-12-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Double-way channel compensation method and system and related device |
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| WO2013172729A1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Intel Corporation | Receiver with doppler tolerant equalization |
| CN105187339A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-12-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Double-way channel compensation method and system and related device |
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