CN106532187B - A kind of battery heating means based on cell health state - Google Patents
A kind of battery heating means based on cell health state Download PDFInfo
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- CN106532187B CN106532187B CN201610991417.8A CN201610991417A CN106532187B CN 106532187 B CN106532187 B CN 106532187B CN 201610991417 A CN201610991417 A CN 201610991417A CN 106532187 B CN106532187 B CN 106532187B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of battery heating means based on cell health state, belong to battery technical field of heating.When the present invention is to solve battery charging under low temperature and use, in the presence of can not be evenly heated to battery, or during heating due to ignoring the difference between battery internal charging resistance and electric discharge internal resistance, and influence of the cell health state to battery performance is not accounted for, the problem of it is improper to choose and control so as to cause battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude, acceleration battery aging.The present invention to battery by applying alternating pulsing current, the heat generated using the internal resistance of cell carries out internal heating to battery, the internal resistance of cell is divided into internal charging resistance and electric discharge internal resistance with refining during heating, using a certain constant polarizing voltage as restrictive condition, consider influence of the cell health state to battery performance, the accuracy that battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude is chosen and controlled is increased, influence of the heating process of battery to battery aging is effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery heating means, and in particular to a kind of battery heating side based on cell health state
Method belongs to batteries of electric automobile low-temperature heat technical field.
Background technology
The advantages that lithium ion battery is high, energy density is big, self-discharge rate is low and storage time is long with its specific power, just gradually
Other batteries are replaced to become main power battery.Although lithium ion battery has many good qualities, at low temperature, lithium-ion electric
There are still larger problems for the charge-discharge performance in pond, such as：Various active material activities reduce, and the reactivity of battery core electrode is low,
All kinds of impedances of graphite cathode inside lithium ion cell are significantly increased, and battery active volume is reduced, and output power is decreased obviously, this is right
The performance of electric vehicle is affected.
At present for the low temperature of battery using problem, a kind of way of the relevant technologies is：It is external using broadband metal film etc.
The method of heating heats battery, is used battery or DC charging after so that battery temperature is increased.But this method
Battery can not be evenly heated, can be caused compared with burden to the equilibrium of battery pack.Another way of the relevant technologies is using just
String alternating current carries out charge and discharge to battery, and the heat generated using internal resistance when battery low temperature carries out internal heating to battery, still
When choosing and controlling pulse current amplitude, the difference for ignoring battery internal charging resistance between internal resistance of discharging, and do not examine
Consider influence of the cell health state to battery performance so that it is improper that alternating-current pulse amplitude when battery heats is chosen and controlled,
To accelerate the decline of battery during heating.
Invention content
The brief overview about the present invention is given below, in order to provide about the basic of certain aspects of the invention
Understand.It should be appreciated that this general introduction is not the exhaustive general introduction about the present invention.It is not intended to determine the pass of the present invention
Key or pith, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Its purpose only provides certain concepts in simplified form,
In this, as the preamble in greater detail discussed later.
In consideration of it, the present invention is to solve under low temperature battery charging and in use, in the presence of that can not be evenly heated to battery,
Or during heating due to the difference for ignoring battery internal charging resistance between internal resistance of discharging, and it is strong not account for battery
Influence of the health state to battery performance, it is improper to choose and control so as to cause battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude, and battery is accelerated to decline
A kind of old problem, it is proposed that battery heating means based on cell health state.
The scheme taken of the present invention is：A kind of battery heating means based on cell health state, the specific steps are：
Step 1 determines the current health status of battery, executes step 2；
Step 2 acquires the information of battery charge state and battery temperature, executes step 3；
Step 3, judges whether battery temperature T is less than lowest temperature, if executing step 4, otherwise executes step 11；
Step 4 inquires corresponding internal charging resistance according to battery temperature and state-of-charge in the table of comparisons pre-established
With electric discharge internal resistance, step 5 is executed；
Step 5, according to cell health state, charge and discharge internal resistance, according to battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude basis for selecting,
Charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude are calculated separately out, step 6 is executed；
Step 6, according to calculated charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude and preset pulse frequency,
Charge and discharge electric pulse is applied to battery, the heat generated using the internal resistance of cell carries out internal heating to battery, executes step 7；
Step 7, battery temperature detect and are denoted as T1, execute step 8；
Step 8, judges whether battery temperature rises n DEG C, i.e. T1- T whether >=n；If executing step 9, otherwise hold
Row step 6；
Step 9, judges whether battery temperature reaches target temperature, i.e. T1Whether >=target temperature；If executing step 10
One, otherwise execute step 10；
Step 10 calculates battery temperature from T to T1Battery charge state knots modification in constant interval, regains battery
State-of-charge, and enable battery temperature T=T1, execute step 4；
Step 11, stop pulse current charging and discharging heat battery, and electric vehicle normal operation executes step 1.
Further：In step 1, control unit determines the health status of battery, eight shadows by eight influence factors
Ring factor be respectively：Accumulated cycles N；It is accumulative to use duration t；Accumulative ampere-hour handling capacity Q；Internal resistance of cell R；Actual capacity C；
Capacity increment value | Δ Q/ Δs V |aver；The voltage value V of cell voltage plateau under standard discharge condition；It is permanent under standard charging state
Stream is filled with electricity and is filled with the ratio Q of electricity with constant pressureCC/QCV；Wherein, when a charge and discharge cycles are more than 3 minutes, cycle time
Number can just be added up.
Further：The calculation formula of eight influence factors is respectively：
Wherein NrFor specified accumulated cycles；
Wherein trFor it is specified it is accumulative use duration；
Wherein QrFor specified accumulative ampere-hour handling capacity；
Wherein R0With RfTo refer to internal resistance；
Wherein CrFor rated capacity；
Wherein Z0With ZfTo refer to capacity increment value；
Wherein V0With VfTo refer to platform voltage value；
Wherein G0And GfFor reference value.
Further：Each influence factor has corresponding weight θi, the expression formula of final cell health state is：
SOH=θ1SOH1+θ2SOH2+θ3SOH3+θ4SOH4+θ5SOH5+θ6SOH6+θ7SOH7+θ8SOH8。
Further：Influence factor has corresponding weight θiMeet following expression formula：
θ1+θ2+θ3+θ4+θ5+θ6+θ7+θ8=1；
θ1:θ2:θ3:θ4:θ5:θ6:θ7:θ8=1:1:2:1:2:1:1:1.
Further：Eight influence factors for determining cell health state, before every primary cell low-temperature heat, control unit
To SOH1~SOH4Value refresh it is primary；Every Y days, control unit was to SOH5~SOH8Value refresh it is primary；The wherein value of Y
Ranging from 20~40.
Further：The internal resistance of cell is divided into internal charging resistance and electric discharge internal resistance, measures different battery temperatures and charged in advance
In internal charging resistance and electric discharge internal resistance and the internal resistance of cell inquiry table of storage in a control unit when state, convenient in heating process
In detect in real time and charging pulse amplitude I when calculating separately out battery difference battery temperature and state-of-chargecharWith electric discharge arteries and veins
Rush amplitude Idischar。
Further：Set a certain constant polarizing voltage value Vp, polarizing voltage value VpValue range be 0.1~0.4V, by
In cell resistance ReqChange with the change of battery temperature and state-of-charge, according to I=Vp/Req, and consider cell health state
Influence to battery performance, final battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude basis for selecting are：
Charging pulse amplitude：Ichar=f (SOH, Vp/Req-char)；
Discharge pulse amplitude：Idischar=f (SOH, Vp/Req-dischar)。
Further：Acquisition state-of-charge in step 2 is the side being combined with Kalman filtering by current integration method
The SOC that method obtains0, and the battery charge state in step 10, it is to pass through SOC1=SOC0Δ SOC is obtained, whereinT is the time that battery temperature is consumed from T to T1 in constant interval in formula.
Further：During battery low-temperature heat, the frequency of charge and discharge electric pulse is constant, and value range is
10Hz~1000Hz；Charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude are continually changing, i.e., battery temperature often rises n DEG C, control
Unit recalculates charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude；Wherein, the value range of n is 1~3.
The effect that is reached of the present invention is：
The present invention carries out inside by applying alternating pulsing current to battery, using the heat that the internal resistance of cell generates to battery
The internal resistance of cell is divided into internal charging resistance and electric discharge internal resistance, with a certain constant polarizing voltage by heating with refining during heating
For restrictive condition, influence of the cell health state to battery performance is fully considered, battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude is made to heat
Change in the process with the variation of the internal resistance of cell, increase the accuracy that battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude is chosen and controlled,
Battery polarization is acted on the influence to battery aging to control in smaller range, effectively inhibits the heating process of battery to battery
The influence of aging.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of battery heating means based on cell health state of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
For clarity and conciseness, all features of actual implementation mode are not described in the description.However, should
Understand, much decisions specific to embodiment must be made during developing any this practical embodiments, so as to reality
The objectives of existing developer, for example, meet restrictive condition those of related to system and business, and these restrictive conditions
It may be changed with the difference of embodiment.In addition, it will also be appreciated that although development is likely to be very multiple
It is miscellaneous and time-consuming, but for the those skilled in the art for having benefited from the disclosure of invention, this development is only example
Capable task.
Herein, it is also necessary to which explanation is a bit, in order to avoid having obscured the present invention because of unnecessary details, in application text
It illustrate only the apparatus structure closely related with scheme according to the present invention and/or processing step in part, and be omitted and this
The little other details of inventive relationship.
A kind of battery heating means based on cell health state of the present embodiment, include the following steps：
Step 1 determines the current health status of battery, executes step 2；
Step 2 acquires the information of battery charge state and battery temperature, executes step 3；
Step 3, judges whether battery temperature T is less than lowest temperature, if executing step 4, otherwise executes step 11；
Step 4 inquires corresponding internal charging resistance according to battery temperature T and state-of-charge in the table of comparisons pre-established
With electric discharge internal resistance, step 5 is executed；
Step 5, according to cell health state, charge and discharge internal resistance, according to battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude basis for selecting,
Charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude are calculated separately out, step 6 is executed；
Step 6, according to calculated charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude and preset pulse frequency,
Charge and discharge electric pulse is applied to battery, the heat generated using the internal resistance of cell carries out internal heating to battery, executes step 7；
Step 7, battery temperature detect and are denoted as T1, execute step 8；
Step 8, judges whether battery temperature rises n DEG C, i.e. T1- T whether >=n；If executing step 9, otherwise hold
Row step 6；
Step 9, judges whether battery temperature reaches target temperature, i.e. T1Whether >=target temperature；If executing step 10
One, otherwise execute step 10；
Step 10 calculates battery temperature from T to T1Battery charge state knots modification in constant interval, regains battery
State-of-charge, and enable battery temperature T=T1, execute step 4；
Step 11, stop pulse current charging and discharging heat battery, and electric vehicle normal operation executes step 1.
Further：In step 1, control unit determines the health status of battery, eight shadows by eight influence factors
Ring factor be respectively：Accumulated cycles N；It is accumulative to use duration t；Accumulative ampere-hour handling capacity Q；Internal resistance of cell R；Actual capacity C；
Capacity increment value | Δ Q/ Δs V |aver；The voltage value V of cell voltage plateau under standard discharge condition；It is permanent under standard charging state
Stream is filled with electricity and is filled with the ratio Q of electricity with constant pressureCC/QCV；Wherein, when a charge and discharge cycles are more than 3 minutes, cycle time
Number can just be added up.
Although disclosed embodiment is as above, its content is only to facilitate understand the technical side of the present invention
Case and the embodiment used, are not intended to limit the present invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains, not
Under the premise of being detached from disclosed core technology scheme, any modification and change can be made in form and details in implementation
Change, but protection domain defined by the present invention, the range that the appended claims that must still be subject to limits.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state, it is characterised in that：The specific steps are：
Step 1 determines the current health status of battery, executes step 2；
Step 2 acquires the information of battery charge state and battery temperature, executes step 3；
Step 3, judges whether battery temperature T is less than lowest temperature, if executing step 4, otherwise executes step 11；
Step 4 is inquired corresponding internal charging resistance and is put in the table of comparisons pre-established according to battery temperature T and state-of-charge
Electric internal resistance executes step 5；
Step 5, according to cell health state, charge and discharge internal resistance, according to battery low-temperature heat pulse amplitude basis for selecting, difference
Charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude are calculated, step 6 is executed；
Step 6, according to calculated charging pulse amplitude and discharge pulse amplitude and preset pulse frequency, to electricity
Pond applies charge and discharge electric pulse, and the heat generated using the internal resistance of cell carries out internal heating to battery, executes step 7；
Step 7, battery temperature detect and are denoted as T1, execute step 8；
Step 8, judges whether battery temperature rises n DEG C, i.e. T1- T whether >=n；It is no to then follow the steps if executing step 9
Six；
Step 9, judges whether battery temperature reaches target temperature, i.e. T1Whether >=target temperature；It is no if executing step 11
Then follow the steps ten；
Step 10 calculates battery temperature from T to T1Battery charge state knots modification in constant interval, regains battery charge
State, and enable battery temperature T=T1, execute step 4；
Step 11, stop pulse current charging and discharging heat battery, and electric vehicle normal operation executes step 1；
The internal resistance of cell is divided into internal charging resistance and electric discharge internal resistance, measures different battery temperatures and charged shape in advance by wherein step 5
In internal charging resistance and electric discharge internal resistance and the charge and discharge internal resistance inquiry table of storage in a control unit when state, convenient in heating process
In detect in real time and charging pulse amplitude I when calculating separately out battery difference battery temperature and state-of-chargecharWith electric discharge arteries and veins
Rush amplitude Idischar。
2. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1
In, control unit is respectively to determine the health status of battery, eight influence factors by eight influence factors：Accumulative cycle time
Number N；It is accumulative to use duration t；Accumulative ampere-hour handling capacity Q；Internal resistance of cell R；Actual capacity C；Capacity increment value | Δ Q/ Δs V |aver；
The voltage value V of cell voltage plateau under standard discharge condition；Constant current is filled with electricity and is filled with electricity with constant pressure under standard charging state
The ratio Q of amountCC/QCV；Wherein, when a charge and discharge cycles are more than 3 minutes, cycle-index can just be added up.
3. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described eight
The calculation formula of a influence factor is respectively：
Wherein NrFor specified accumulated cycles；
Wherein trFor it is specified it is accumulative use duration；
Wherein QrFor specified accumulative ampere-hour handling capacity；
Wherein R0With RfTo refer to internal resistance；
Wherein CrFor rated capacity；
Wherein Z0With ZfTo refer to capacity increment value；
Wherein V0With VfTo refer to platform voltage value；
Wherein G0And GfFor reference value.
4. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Each
Influence factor has corresponding weight θi, the expression formula of final cell health state is：
SOH=θ1SOH1+θ2SOH2+θ3SOH3+θ4SOH4+θ5SOH5+θ6SOH6+θ7SOH7+θ8SOH8。
5. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Each
Influence factor has corresponding weight θiAnd meet following expression formula：
θ1+θ2+θ3+θ4+θ5+θ6+θ7+θ8=1；
θ1:θ2:θ3:θ4:θ5:θ6:θ7:θ8=1:1:2:1:2:1:1:1.
6. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 3,4 or 5, it is characterised in that：
Determine eight influence factors of cell health state, before every primary cell low-temperature heat, control unit is to SOH1~SOH4Value brush
It is new primary；Every Y days, control unit was to SOH5~SOH8Value refresh it is primary；Wherein the value range of Y is 20~40.
7. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Set certain
One constant polarizing voltage value Vp, polarizing voltage value VpValue range be 0.1~0.4V, due to cell resistance ReqWith battery temperature
Change with state-of-charge and change, according to I=Vp/Req, and consider influence of the cell health state to battery performance, final electricity
Low-temperature heat pulse amplitude basis for selecting in pond is：
Charging pulse amplitude：Ichar=f (SOH, Vp/Req-char)；
Discharge pulse amplitude：Idischar=f (SOH, Vp/Req-dischar)。
8. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Step 2
In acquisition state-of-charge be the SOC obtained with the method that Kalman filtering is combined by current integration method0, and in step 10
Battery charge state, be to pass through SOC1=SOC0Δ SOC is obtained, wherein：Battery charge state knots modificationT is the time that battery temperature is consumed from T to T1 in constant interval in formula.
9. a kind of battery heating means based on cell health state according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In battery
During low-temperature heat, the frequency of charge and discharge electric pulse is constant, and value range is 10Hz~1000Hz；Charging pulse amplitude
Continually changing with discharge pulse amplitude, i.e. battery temperature often rises n DEG C, control unit recalculate charging pulse amplitude and
Discharge pulse amplitude；Wherein, the value range of n is 1~3.
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| CN113189496B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-10-04 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Method for verifying influence of pulse heating on service life of power battery |
| CN113659246B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-25 | 中国气象科学研究院 | Battery system suitable for polar region ultralow temperature environment and temperature control method thereof |
| CN114497818B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-10-24 | 中南大学 | Internal rapid heating method of lithium ion battery in low-temperature environment |
| CN115377553A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-11-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Self-heating method and system for power battery, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN115621621B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-28 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Lithium battery rapid internal heating method based on pulse excitation |
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| US6094033A (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-07-25 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Battery state of charge detector with rapid charging capability and method |
| CN102445663B (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2014-04-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for estimating battery health of electric automobile |
| CN103117421A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-05-22 | 清华大学 | Low-temperature battery charging method |
| CN103852727B (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2017-04-12 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Online estimation method and device for state of charge of power battery |
| CN104064836B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2016-07-06 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of low temperature self-heating method of lithium ion battery |
| CN105158699B (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2018-05-25 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | The detection method and device of cell health state |
| CN106025410B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-07-24 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of battery variable current heating means for electric vehicle |
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