CN106530912B - Laser Oscilloscope Sonic Demonstration Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The laser oscillometric sound wave demonstration device includes a speed control knob, a speed control potentiometer, a laser pointer, a laser pointer shaft, a flat-panel speaker, a cylindrical mirror, a flat mirror, outgoing light, first reflected light, second reflected light, angle Adjustment knob, serrated wheel, geared motor, language music film and transistor, laser pointer, outgoing light, plane reflector, cylindrical reflector, first reflected light and second reflected light constitute the optical part, voice coil, flat paper cone The vertical direction display part is composed of the cylindrical reflector, the speed control knob, the speed control potentiometer, the deceleration motor, the sawtooth wheel, the ejector rod, the reset spring and the laser pointer constitute the horizontal direction scanning part. The laser oscilloscope sound wave demonstration device has a simple structure. , Easy to carry, easy to operate, has the characteristics of sound physical participation, large waveform display size and strong intuition, suitable for classroom demonstrations in physics teaching, and plays a positive role in improving students' interest in learning and deepening the impression of the law of sound wave motion.

Description

Laser Oscilloscope Sonic Demonstration Device

technical field

The invention relates to a sound wave vibration demonstration instrument, in particular to an oscillometric sound wave demonstration device, which belongs to the technical field of teaching instruments.

Background technique

In physics teaching, explaining the law of sound wave vibration is mainly described by the teacher's point-by-point drawing method, followed by the simulation through the mechanical vibrator mold, the third is displayed by the teaching oscilloscope, and the fourth is simulated by the computer and the projector. The first two methods have the defects of abstract content and dullness. The third method is not easy for students in the back row to watch due to the small screen of the oscilloscope. The fourth method is expensive and troublesome to operate, and requires the use of a computer and a projector. The direct participation of vocal objects can easily give students the feeling of a work show, and the intuitiveness is still not strong.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser oscillometric sound wave demonstration device with simple structure, low cost, easy portability, easy operation, direct participation of sound-producing objects, and large waveform display size.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the laser oscillometric sound wave demonstration device comprises a base plate foot (1), a speed control knob (2), a flat panel speaker (3), a folded shoulder (4), a speaker port part (5), rubber pad (6), corrugated edge (7), flat paper cone (8), second reflected light (9), magnet (10), upper splint (11), cylindrical reflector (12) ), voice coil (13), first reflected light (14), shock pad (15), motor shaft (16), plane mirror (17), mirror shaft (18), angle adjustment knob (19), Outgoing light (20), outgoing light port (21), mirror support (22), serrated wheel (23), laser pointer (24), laser pointer support (25), laser pointer shaft (26), shaft support (27) ), rotating shaft base (28), gear motor (29), language and music sheet (30), transistor (31), screw (32), bottom plate groove (33), battery pack (34), central column (35), Lower splint (36), speaker bottom (37), bottom plate (38), speed control potentiometer (39), battery box (40), rocker switch (41), return spring (42), spring bracket (43), Ejector (44) and opening (45).

The laser pointer (24), the outgoing light (20), the plane reflection mirror (17), the first reflection light (14), the cylindrical reflection mirror (12) and the second reflection light (9) constitute an optical part, and the voice coil (13) ), flat paper cone (8) and cylindrical reflector (12) to form the vertical display part, speed control knob (2), speed control potentiometer (39), deceleration motor (29), sawtooth wheel (23), The ejector rod (44), the return spring (42) and the laser pointer (24) constitute a horizontal scanning part.

The bottom plate (38) is provided with a bottom plate groove (33) and a flat-panel speaker (3), the bottom of the speaker (37) is embedded in the bottom plate groove (33), and a cylindrical reflector is arranged at the center above the flat-type paper cone (8). (12), a speed regulating knob (2) and a rocker switch (41) are arranged on the upper left side of the bottom plate (38), a speed regulating potentiometer (39) is arranged below the left side of the bottom plate (38), and a speed regulating potentiometer (39) is provided on the right side of the bottom plate (38). A shock-absorbing pad (15) and a mirror bracket (22) are arranged above the shock-absorbing pad (15), a deceleration motor (29) is arranged above the shock-absorbing pad (15), and a serrated wheel (23) is arranged on the right side of the deceleration motor (29). 23) The motor shaft (16) is connected to the geared motor (29), the top of the mirror bracket (22) is provided with a plane mirror (17) and an angle adjustment knob (19), and the plane mirror (17) passes through the mirror shaft ( 18) Connect with the angle adjustment knob (19).

The right side of the bottom plate (38) is provided with an opening (45) for inserting the laser pointer (24), the lower right side of the bottom plate (38) is provided with a language music piece (30) and a rotating shaft base (28), and a rotating shaft base (28) is provided above the rotating shaft base (28). There are a rotating shaft bracket (27), a laser pen support (25) and a laser pen rotating shaft (26) capable of rotating the laser pen support (25) around the axis. The bottom of the laser pen support (25) is connected with the laser pen rotating shaft (26), and the laser The top of the pen holder (25) is connected with the bottom of the laser pointer (24), and one side of the waist of the laser pointer (24) is provided with a push rod (44), one end of the push rod (44) is abutted on the serrated wheel (23), and the laser pointer ( 24) The other side of the waist is provided with a return spring (42) and a spring bracket (43), and the bottom of the spring bracket (43) is fixed above the bottom plate (38).

The cylindrical reflector (12) is a copper foil whose surface is plated with chrome and is bent into an inverted U-shaped cross-section. The thickness of the copper foil is 0.1 mm. The flat reflector (17) is made of mirror stainless steel with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The directions are the exit light port (21), the exit light (20), the plane reflector (17), the first reflected light (14), the cylindrical reflector (12) and the second reflected light (9), the geared motor ( 29) The rotating speed of the motor shaft (16) at DC 6V is 300 rpm, the number of teeth of the sawtooth wheel (23) is 3, the diameter of the flat panel speaker (3) is 120mm, the rated power is 1W, and the impedance is 16Ω, The corrugated edge (7) is a rubber edge.

When the flat-panel speaker (3) emits sound, the flat-type paper cone (8) drives the cylindrical reflector (12) to vibrate up and down, and the first reflected light (14) irradiates on the curved surface of the cylindrical reflector (12) at different positions and is in contact with the cylindrical reflector (12). Different angles are formed between the arc tangents, and the generated second reflected light (9) and the arc tangent also form different angles. The reflected light (14) plays a role of magnifying the convex mirror. In addition, the light path of the first reflected light (14) is short, and the light path of the second reflected light (9) projected on the wall or the screen is longer. According to the principle and the light lever principle, it can be known that the vibration amplitude of the flat paper cone (8) is enlarged in the vertical direction at the laser projection point formed on the wall or the screen.

When the deceleration motor (29) rotates, the motor shaft (16) drives the serrated wheel (23) to rotate clockwise, and the laser pointer (24) periodically swings around the laser pointer shaft (26) through the transmission of the ejector rod (44). That is, the exit light port (21) makes a sawtooth regular movement, so that the exit light (20) is reflected by the plane reflector (17) and the cylindrical reflector (12), and the laser projection point expands in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal movement is the same as the above vertical direction. After the directional movement is synthesized, the laser projection point forms a sound waveform on the wall or screen.

Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: the laser oscillometric acoustic wave demonstration device has the advantages of simple structure, easy portability, easy operation, low cost, participation of sound-producing objects, large waveform display size and intuitiveness. It is suitable for classroom demonstrations in physics teaching, and plays a positive role in improving students' interest in learning and deepening the impression of the law of sound wave motion.

Description of drawings

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and the present invention has the following 4 accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is one of the right side views of the present invention,

Fig. 3 is the second right side view of the present invention,

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit part of the present invention.

The numbers marked in the accompanying drawings are represented as follows:

1. Bottom plate foot, 2. Speed knob, 3. Flat speaker, 4. Folded shoulder, 5. Speaker mouth, 6. Rubber pad, 7. Corrugated edge, 8. Flat paper cone, 9. Second reflected light , 10. Magnet, 11. Upper splint, 12. Cylindrical mirror, 13. Voice coil, 14. First reflected light, 15. Damping pad, 16. Motor shaft, 17. Flat mirror, 18. Reflector Rotary shaft, 19. Angle adjustment knob, 20. Outgoing light, 21. Outgoing light port, 22. Reflector bracket, 23. Sawtooth wheel, 24. Laser pointer, 25. Laser pointer bracket, 26. Laser pointer shaft, 27. Rotary shaft Bracket, 28. Revolving shaft base, 29. Geared motor, 30. Language and music sheet, 31. Transistor, 32. Screw, 33. Bottom plate groove, 34. Battery pack, 35. Center column, 36. Lower splint, 37. Speaker Bottom, 38. Bottom plate, 39. Speed potentiometer, 40. Battery box, 41. Rocker switch, 42. Return spring, 43. Spring bracket, 44. Top rod, 45. Opening, 46. Rotation direction.

Detailed ways

1. According to Figure 1 to Figure 3, the laser oscillometric sound wave demonstration device includes a base plate foot (1), a speed control knob (2), a flat-panel speaker (3), a folded shoulder (4), a speaker mouth (5), a rubber Pad (6), corrugated edge (7), flat paper cone (8), second reflected light (9), magnet (10), upper splint (11), cylindrical reflector (12), voice coil (13) ), first reflected light (14), shock-absorbing pad (15), motor shaft (16), plane mirror (17), mirror shaft (18), angle adjustment knob (19), outgoing light (20), Light exit port (21), mirror bracket (22), serrated wheel (23), laser pointer (24), laser pointer bracket (25), laser pointer rotation shaft (26), rotation shaft bracket (27), rotation shaft base (28) ), geared motor (29), language and music sheet (30), transistor (31), screw (32), bottom plate groove (33), battery pack (34), central column (35), lower splint (36), Speaker bottom (37), bottom plate (38), speed potentiometer (39), battery box (40), rocker switch (41), return spring (42), spring bracket (43), top rod (44) and opening (45).

2. The laser pointer (24), the outgoing light (20), the plane reflector (17), the first reflected light (14), the cylindrical reflector (12) and the second reflected light (9) constitute the optical part, and the voice coil (13), the flat paper cone (8) and the cylindrical reflector (12) constitute the vertical display part, the speed control knob (2), the speed control potentiometer (39), the deceleration motor (29), the sawtooth wheel (23) ), the ejector rod (44), the return spring (42) and the laser pointer (24) constitute the horizontal scanning part.

3. The bottom plate (38) is provided with a bottom plate groove (33) and a flat-panel speaker (3), the bottom of the speaker (37) is embedded in the bottom plate groove (33), and a cylindrical surface is provided in the center above the flat-type paper cone (8). A reflector (12), a speed regulating knob (2) and a rocker switch (41) are arranged on the upper left side of the bottom plate (38), a speed regulating potentiometer (39) is arranged on the lower left side of the bottom plate (38), and the bottom plate (38) A shock-absorbing pad (15) and a mirror bracket (22) are arranged above the right side, a deceleration motor (29) is arranged above the shock-absorbing pad (15), and a serrated wheel (23) is arranged on the right side of the deceleration motor (29). The wheel (23) is connected to the deceleration motor (29) through the motor shaft (16), the top of the mirror bracket (22) is provided with a flat mirror (17) and an angle adjustment knob (19), and the flat mirror (17) passes through the mirror The rotating shaft (18) is connected with the angle adjustment knob (19).

4. An opening (45) for inserting a laser pointer (24) is provided on the right side of the bottom plate (38), and a language music piece (30) and a rotating shaft base (28) are provided under the right side of the base plate (38), and the rotating shaft base (28) A rotating shaft support (27), a laser pointer support (25) and a laser pointer rotating shaft (26) capable of rotating the laser pointer support (25) around the axis are arranged above, and the bottom of the laser pointer support (25) is connected with the laser pointer rotating shaft (26) , the top of the laser pointer bracket (25) is connected with the bottom of the laser pointer (24), the laser pointer (24) is provided with an ejector rod (44) on one side of the waist, and one end of the ejector rod (44) is placed on the sawtooth wheel (23), the laser pointer (24) A return spring (42) and a spring bracket (43) are arranged on the other side of the waist of the pen (24), and the bottom of the spring bracket (43) is fixed above the bottom plate (38).

5. The cylindrical reflector (12) is a copper foil plated with chromium on the surface and bent into an inverted U-shaped cross section, the thickness of the copper foil is 0.1mm, and the plane reflector (17) is made of mirror stainless steel with a thickness of 0.5mm, The forward direction of the optical path is the exit light port (21), the exit light (20), the plane reflector (17), the first reflected light (14), the cylindrical reflector (12) and the second reflected light (9). The rotating speed of the motor shaft (16) of the motor (29) is 300 rpm when the DC is 6V, the number of teeth of the sawtooth wheel (23) is 3, the diameter of the flat panel speaker (3) is 120mm, the rated power is 1W, and the impedance is 16Ω, the corrugated edge (7) is the rubber edge.

6. When the flat-panel speaker (3) emits sound, the flat-shaped paper cone (8) drives the cylindrical reflector (12) to vibrate up and down, and the first reflected light (14) illuminates the curved surfaces of the cylindrical reflector (12) at different positions Different angles are formed between the upper surface and the arc tangent, and the generated second reflected light (9) also forms a different angle with the arc tangent. The first reflected light (14) plays a role of magnifying the convex mirror. In addition, the light path of the first reflected light (14) is short, and the light path of the second reflected light (9) projected on the wall or on the screen is long. According to the principle of convex mirror and the principle of optical lever, it can be known that the vibration amplitude of the flat paper cone (8) is enlarged in the vertical direction at the laser projection point formed on the wall or screen.

7. When the deceleration motor (29) rotates, the motor shaft (16) drives the serrated wheel (23) to rotate clockwise, and the laser pointer (24) is periodically rotated around the laser pointer shaft (26) through the transmission of the ejector rod (44). Swing, that is, the exit light port (21) makes a sawtooth regular movement, so that the exit light (20) is reflected by the plane reflector (17) and the cylindrical reflector (12), and the laser projection point expands in the horizontal direction. After the above-mentioned vertical motion is synthesized, the laser projection point forms a sound waveform on the wall or screen.

8. Figure 2 shows that the left end of the ejector rod (44) is located at the valley point of the serrated wheel (23), so that the light exit port (21) is positioned on the left side of the mirror bracket (22). Figure 3 shows that the left end of the ejector rod (44) is positioned at the serrated wheel The peak point of (23) causes the light exit port (21) to be located on the right side of the mirror bracket (22).

9. During implementation, the button of the laser pointer (24) is changed to a button switch, and the laser pointer (24) is powered by its internal battery. According to Fig. 4, the battery pack (34) passes through the rocker switch (41) and the speed regulating potentiometer. (39) is connected to the deceleration motor (29); the battery pack (34) is connected to the power supply terminal of the language music piece (30) through the rocker switch (41), and the output end of the language music piece (30) is connected to the language music piece (30) through the transistor (31). The flat panel speakers (3) are connected.

10. When in use, turn on the button switch and rocker switch (41) of the laser pointer (24), so that the laser pointer (24), the deceleration motor (29), the language music piece (30) and the transistor (31) work, and the flat-panel speaker works (3) Make a sound, adjust the reflector (17) by adjusting the knob (19), so that the first reflected light (14) can be accurately irradiated on the cylindrical reflector (12) and the second reflected light (9) can be illuminated on the wall surface Or on the screen, according to the different voices or different music signals from the flat panel speaker (3) from the language music piece (30), adjust the speed control knob (2) to make the deceleration motor (29) have a suitable speed, that is, on the wall or on the screen. The displayed waveform has the appropriate number of cycles.

Claims (1)

1. A laser oscillography type sound wave demonstration device comprises a bottom plate foot (1), a speed regulation knob (2), a flat loudspeaker (3), a folding shoulder (4), a loudspeaker opening part (5), a rubber pad (6), a corrugated edge (7), a flat paper cone (8), second reflected light (9), a magnet (10), an upper clamping plate (11), a cylindrical reflector (12), a voice coil (13), first reflected light (14), a shock pad (15), a motor rotating shaft (16), a planar reflector (17), a reflector rotating shaft (18), an angle regulation knob (19), emergent light (20), an emergent light opening (21), a reflector bracket (22), a sawtooth wheel (23), a laser pen (24), a laser pen bracket (25), a laser pen rotating shaft (26), a rotating shaft bracket (27), a rotating shaft base (28), a speed reduction motor (29), a language music sheet (30), a transistor (31), a screw (32), a bottom plate groove (33), a battery pack (34), a center column (35), a lower clamping plate (36), a loudspeaker bottom (37), a bottom plate (38), a speed regulation potentiometer (39), a speed regulation switch (40), a battery box (41), a rocker spring (42), and a reset spring (42), A spring support (43), a top rod (44) and an opening (45);

the laser pen (24), the emergent light (20), the plane reflector (17), the first reflected light (14), the cylindrical reflector (12) and the second reflected light (9) form an optical part, the voice coil (13), the flat cone (8) and the cylindrical reflector (12) form a vertical direction display part, and the speed regulation knob (2), the speed regulation potentiometer (39), the speed reduction motor (29), the sawtooth wheel (23), the ejector rod (44), the reset spring (42) and the laser pen (24) form a horizontal direction scanning part;

the method is characterized in that: a bottom plate groove (33) and a flat plate loudspeaker (3) are arranged above a bottom plate (38), the bottom (37) of the loudspeaker is embedded into the bottom plate groove (33), a cylindrical reflector (12) is arranged at the center position above a flat plate type cone (8), a speed regulation knob (2) and a rocker switch (41) are arranged above the left side of the bottom plate (38), a speed regulation potentiometer (39) is arranged below the left side of the bottom plate (38), a shock pad (15) and a reflector bracket (22) are arranged above the right side of the bottom plate (38), a speed reduction motor (29) is arranged above the shock pad (15), a sawtooth wheel (23) is arranged on the right side of the speed reduction motor (29), the sawtooth wheel (23) is connected with the speed reduction motor (29) through a motor rotating shaft (16), a plane reflector (17) and an angle regulation knob (19) are arranged at the top of the reflector bracket (22), and the plane reflector (17) is connected with the angle regulation knob (19) through a reflector rotating shaft (18);

an opening (45) for inserting a laser pen (24) is formed in the right side of the bottom plate (38), a language music piece (30) and a rotating shaft base (28) are arranged below the right side of the bottom plate (38), a rotating shaft support (27) is arranged above the rotating shaft base (28), a laser pen support (25) and a laser pen rotating shaft (26) capable of enabling the laser pen support (25) to rotate around a shaft are arranged, the bottom of the laser pen support (25) is connected with the rotating shaft (26) of the laser pen, the top of the laser pen support (25) is connected with the bottom of the laser pen (24), a push rod (44) is arranged on one side of the waist of the laser pen (24), one end of the push rod (44) pushes against the sawtooth wheel (23), a reset spring (42) and a spring support (43) are arranged on the other side of the waist of the laser pen (24), and the bottom of the spring support (43) is fixed above the bottom plate (38);

when the flat panel loudspeaker (3) produces sound, the flat panel cone (8) drives the cylindrical surface reflector (12) to vibrate up and down, the first reflected light (14) irradiates on the arc surface at different positions of the cylindrical surface reflector (12) to form different angles with the tangent of the arc surface, different angles are formed between the generated second reflected light (9) and the tangent of the arc surface, the cylindrical surface reflector (12) plays a role in amplifying the convex mirror between the second reflected light (9) and the first reflected light (14), the light path of the first reflected light (14) is short, the light path of the second reflected light (9) projected on the wall surface or the screen is long, and the vibration amplitude of the laser projection point formed by the vibration amplitude of the flat panel cone (8) on the wall surface or the screen is amplified in the vertical direction according to the convex mirror principle and the optical lever principle;

when the speed reducing motor (29) rotates, the motor rotating shaft (16) drives the sawtooth wheel (23) to rotate clockwise, the laser pen (24) periodically swings around the laser pen rotating shaft (26) through the transmission of the ejector rod (44), namely, the emergent light port (21) makes sawtooth regular motion, so that the laser projection point of emergent light (20) is unfolded in the horizontal direction after being reflected by the plane reflector (17) and the cylindrical reflector (12), and the laser projection point forms a sound waveform on a wall surface or a screen after the horizontal direction motion and the vertical direction motion are synthesized;

when the flat panel loudspeaker (3) sounds, the reflector (17) is adjusted through the adjusting knob (19) to enable the first reflected light (14) to accurately irradiate on the cylindrical reflector (12) and enable the second reflected light (9) to irradiate on a wall surface or a screen, and the speed adjusting knob (2) is adjusted to enable the speed reducing motor (29) to have a proper rotating speed according to different voices or different music signals emitted by the flat panel loudspeaker (3) through the voice music piece (30), namely, a waveform displayed on the wall surface or the screen has a proper period number;

the surface of the cylindrical reflector (12) is plated with chromium and is bent into a copper foil with an inverted U-shaped cross section, the thickness of the copper foil is 0.1mm, the plane reflector (17) is made of mirror surface stainless steel and is 0.5mm, the light path advancing direction sequentially comprises an emergent light port (21), emergent light (20), the plane reflector (17), first reflected light (14), the cylindrical reflector (12) and second reflected light (9), the rotating speed of a motor rotating shaft (16) of a speed reducing motor (29) in direct current 6V is 300 revolutions per minute, the number of teeth of a saw-toothed wheel (23) is 3, the caliber of a flat panel loudspeaker (3) is 120mm, the rated power is 1W, the impedance is 16 omega, and the corrugated edge (7) is a rubber edge.

Images