CN106530559B - 串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,包括光源、环形器、光纤耦合器、光纤延迟线、第一波分复用器、至少两个光电探测器、一传输光纤和至少两个第二波分复用器。该第二波分复用器为单通道波分复用器;该传输光纤接光纤耦合器输出端,该至少两个第二波分复用器都串联在传输光纤,该每一第二波分复用器都接有一路传感光纤,该每路传感光纤都接有一个全反射镜。它具有如下优点:显著减少了系统中的光纤线路数目,各防区只需要通过一根传输光纤连接,整个系统的光纤线路少,安装施工方便,及,传输光信号的光纤线路不易受到干扰;光功率强,易探测,系统识别扰动信号的准确性高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光纤传感系统,尤其涉及一种串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统。
背景技术
光纤周界入侵传感系统在许多领域都有较大应用前景。光纤作为光波传输媒质具有长距离传输信号衰减低、传感测量区域无需供电、抗电磁干扰能力强、野外布设的光纤传输和传感线路不怕雷击等优点,它和采用泄漏电缆方式的周界入侵传感系统相比具有明显优势。但基于马赫-曾德尔(Mach-Zehnder)或萨克内克(Sagnac)干涉仪构成的光纤周界传感系统存在不能识别多点扰动等问题。为实现较长监测距离上多点扰动情况下的监测目的,可以将一个较大长度的周界分成多个长度较小的区域进行分别监测。如中国专利数据库在2014.12.3公告了一项发明名称为《一种采用波分复用器的光纤多通道周界传感系统》的发明专利,其公告号为CN102519501B,它包括光源、环形器、光纤耦合器、光纤延迟线、分路器、至少2路传感光纤、至少2个光纤光栅、波分复用器、至少2个光电探测器;光源输出端接环形器输入端,环形器的正向输出端接光纤耦合器输入端,光纤耦合器输出端接分路器输入端,光纤延迟线的两端并联在光纤耦合器的输入端和输出端,分路器各输出端分别接1根传感光纤,每路传感光纤接1个光纤光栅,环形器的反向输出端接波分复用器输入端,波分复用器各输出端分别接1个光电探测器。该发明采用对波长不敏感的1×N分路器(N为分路数)做N个防区的光纤布设,N个防区的光纤并联连接在分路器(下面将这种方案称作“并联式光纤周界传感方案”,简称“并联式方案”),N较大时,多防区布设的并联式方案存在以下几个有待提升之处:其一,每个并联式防区所得的光功率只有光源输出功率的1/N,且当光从每个防区返回再经过1×N分路器时,理想情况下返回的光功率仅等于入射光功率的1/N2,返回到光电探测器的光功率很弱,探测不便,系统不能准确识别扰动信号;其二,当光纤周界很长时,并联式方案中距离较远的子防区需要连接很长的光纤线路才能将传感信号传回分路器,用于传输光信号的光纤线路易受到干扰造成误报,同时,长距离传输的光信号衰减较大,系统接收单元获得的光信号如果太弱也无法准确识别防区内的扰动信号;其三,并联式方案中由于每个防区都需要一根单独的光纤连接到1×N分路器,整个系统的光纤线路很多,造成安装施工不便。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,其克服了背景技术中并联式光纤周界传感方案所存在的不足。
本发明解决其技术问题的所采用的技术方案之一是:
串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,包括光源、环形器、光纤耦合器、光纤延迟线、第一波分复用器和至少两个光电探测器,该光源输出端接环形器输入端,该环形器的正向输出端接光纤耦合器输入端,该光纤延迟线的两端并联在光纤耦合器的输入端和输出端,该环形器的反向输出端接第一波分复用器输入端,该第一波分复用器各输出端分别接一个光电探测器;还包括一传输光纤和至少两个第二波分复用器,该第二波分复用器为单通道波分复用器;该传输光纤接光纤耦合器输出端,该至少两个第二波分复用器都串联在传输光纤,该每一第二波分复用器都接有一路传感光纤,该每路传感光纤都接有一个全反射镜。
一实施例之中:该单通道波分复用器为单通道密集波分复用器。
一实施例之中:该第一波分复用器为多通道密集波分复用器。
本发明解决其技术问题的所采用的技术方案之二是:
串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,包括光源、第一光纤耦合器、第二光纤耦合器、光纤延迟线、第一波分复用器和至少两个光电探测器,该光源输出端接第一光纤耦合器输入端,该第一光纤耦合器的正向输出端接第二光纤耦合器输入端,该光纤延迟线的两端并联在第二光纤耦合器的输入端和输出端,该第一光纤耦合器的反向输出端接第一波分复用器输入端,该第一波分复用器各输出端分别接一个光电探测器;还包括一传输光纤和至少两个第二波分复用器,该第二波分复用器为单通道波分复用器;该传输光纤接第二光纤耦合器输出端,该至少两个第二波分复用器都串联在传输光纤,该每一第二波分复用器都接有一路传感光纤,该每路传感光纤都接有一个全反射镜。
一实施例之中:该单通道波分复用器为单通道密集波分复用器。
一实施例之中:该第一波分复用器为多通道密集波分复用器。
本技术方案与背景技术相比,它具有如下优点:
至少两个第二波分复用器都串联在传输光纤,每一第二波分复用器都接有一路传感光纤,每路传感光纤都接有一个全反射镜,实现“串联式”光纤周界传感方案,因此克服了背景技术所存在的不足且产生如下技术效果:a、显著减少了系统中的光纤线路数目,各防区只需要通过一根传输光纤连接,整个系统的光纤线路少,安装施工方便,及,传输光信号的光纤线路不易受到干扰;b、不需要传统并联式方案必须使用的1×N分路器,光功率强,易探测,系统识别扰动信号的准确性高。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
图1是实施例一的串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统的结构组成示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
请查阅图1,一种串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,包括光源1、环形器2、光纤耦合器3、光纤延迟线4、第一波分复用器5、至少两个光电探测器6、一传输光纤7和至少两个第二波分复用器8,该第二波分复用器8为单通道波分复用器。该光电探测器6、第二波分复用器8如都为n个,该n大于等于2。
该光源1输出端接环形器2输入端,该环形器2的正向输出端接光纤耦合器3输入端,该光纤耦合器3输出端接传输光纤7,该至少两个第二波分复用器8都串联在传输光纤7,该每一第二波分复用器8都接有一路传感光纤9,该每路传感光纤9都接有一个全反射镜10。该光纤延迟线4的两端并联在光纤耦合器3的输入端和输出端;该环形器2的反向输出端接第一波分复用器5输入端,该第一波分复用器5各输出端分别接一个光电探测器6。该光源1包括多个波长γ1、γ2……γn的信号,每一第二波分复用器8都分出一个波长的信号,如第二波分复用器N1获得波长γ1的信号,第二波分复用器N2获得波长γ2的信号……第二波分复用器Nn获得波长γn的信号。该第一波分复用器5的各通道的波长和n个第二波分复用器8的通道的波长是一一对应的。
该光源1选用宽带光源如光纤放大自发辐射ASE光源,该光纤耦合器3选用2X2光纤耦合器,该第一波分复用器5选用多通道密集波分复用器,该单通道波分复用器8选用单通道密集波分复用器,该传输光纤7、传感光纤9都选用普通单模光纤。
本发明提出一种采用单通道密集波分复用器、各防区只需要通过一根传输光纤连接的长距离“串联式”光纤周界传感监测方案。这种串联式监测方案不需要并联式方案的1×N分路器,显著减少了系统中的光纤线路数目,克服了背景技术的并联式光纤周界传感系统存在的技术问题,有较大的实际意义和应用前景。
实施例二
它与实施例一不同之处在于:采用光纤耦合器替代实施例一的环形器。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,故不能依此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明涵盖的范围内。
Claims (6)
1.串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,包括光源、环形器、光纤耦合器、光纤延迟线、第一波分复用器和至少两个光电探测器,该光源输出端接环形器输入端,该环形器的正向输出端接光纤耦合器输入端,该光纤延迟线的两端并联在光纤耦合器的输入端和输出端,该环形器的反向输出端接第一波分复用器输入端,该第一波分复用器各输出端分别接一个光电探测器;其特征在于:还包括一传输光纤和至少两个第二波分复用器,该第二波分复用器为单通道波分复用器;该传输光纤接光纤耦合器输出端,该至少两个第二波分复用器都串联在传输光纤,该每一第二波分复用器都接有一路传感光纤,该每路传感光纤都接有一个全反射镜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,其特征在于:该单通道波分复用器为单通道密集波分复用器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,其特征在于:该第一波分复用器为多通道密集波分复用器。
4.串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,包括光源、第一光纤耦合器、第二光纤耦合器、光纤延迟线、第一波分复用器和至少两个光电探测器,该光源输出端接第一光纤耦合器输入端,该第一光纤耦合器的正向输出端接第二光纤耦合器输入端,该光纤延迟线的两端并联在第二光纤耦合器的输入端和输出端,该第一光纤耦合器的反向输出端接第一波分复用器输入端,该第一波分复用器各输出端分别接一个光电探测器;其特征在于:还包括一传输光纤和至少两个第二波分复用器,该第二波分复用器为单通道波分复用器;该传输光纤接第二光纤耦合器输出端,该至少两个第二波分复用器都串联在传输光纤,该每一第二波分复用器都接有一路传感光纤,该每路传感光纤都接有一个全反射镜。
5.根据权利要求4所述的串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,其特征在于:该单通道波分复用器为单通道密集波分复用器。
6.根据权利要求4所述的串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统,其特征在于:该第一波分复用器为多通道密集波分复用器。
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CN102034327A (zh) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-04-27 | 上海华魏光纤传感技术有限公司 | 一种多防区定位型光纤振动入侵探测系统 |
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CN102622840A (zh) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-08-01 | 北京交通大学 | 基于单光纤光缆周界安防系统 |
CN104913840B (zh) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-11-10 | 北京航天易联科技发展有限公司 | 一缆式光纤振动报警系统 |
CN206274418U (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-23 | 厦门大学 | 一种串联式多防区光纤周界入侵传感系统 |
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