CN106528990A - Hypersonic velocity pointed conical appearance heat flux density modeling approach based on functional optimization - Google Patents

Hypersonic velocity pointed conical appearance heat flux density modeling approach based on functional optimization Download PDF

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CN106528990A
CN106528990A CN201610955734.4A CN201610955734A CN106528990A CN 106528990 A CN106528990 A CN 106528990A CN 201610955734 A CN201610955734 A CN 201610955734A CN 106528990 A CN106528990 A CN 106528990A
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tunnel
wind
hypersonic
heat flux
functional
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CN106528990B (en
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赵民
雷建长
刘丽丽
尹世明
赵月
陆宏志
丛堃林
魏洪亮
陈雪冬
陈培芝
代威
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
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Abstract

The invention relates to a hypersonic velocity pointed conical appearance heat flux density modeling approach based on functional optimization. The approach comprises the steps of utilizing a hypersonic velocity calorimetric wind tunnel to conduct a ground calorimetric test on n pointed conical models with different shrink ratios of an aircraft; obtaining heat flux density distribution laws of n models with different shrink ratios in the hypersonic velocity calorimetric wind tunnel to obtain heat flux density test values Qwi respectively, wherein 1<=i<=n; adjusting wind tunnel test parameters in the hypersonic velocity calorimetric wind tunnel, and obtaining a first set of heat flux density test values Qwij, wherein j is wind tunnel test times; obtaining heat flux density distribution laws of a first set of aircrafts; totally obtaining heat flux density distribution laws Qwk of k sets of aircrafts; applying a functional optimization algorithm, introducing a wind tunnel quality variable a and a calibration model parameter b, conducting iterative operation on Qwk, solving an optimal spatial alternation, and obtaining pointed conical heat flux density model Qw. The hypersonic velocity pointed conical appearance heat flux density modeling approach based on the functional optimization avoids one-sidedness of a modeling method in the prior art and interference of human experience factors.

Description

A kind of hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method optimized based on functional
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method optimized based on functional, belongs to modeling Field.
Background technology
High-altitude, it is hypersonic under the conditions of, aircraft surface can produce the Aerodynamic Heating with very strong destructive power, its heat flow density Affected by flight Mach number, local Reynolds number, the vibrational excitation of gas molecule, the dissociation even many factors such as ionization, predicted Modeling is difficult.Pointed cone has basis for the design of whole aircraft as a kind of representative configuration, its heat flow density of accurate description Guiding significance.
At present, for hypersonic heat flow density, both at home and abroad all in engineering approximation theoretical method, fluid calculation numerical simulation Three aspects such as method, ground/flight test procedure are studied.The U.S. was have developed a series of from the seventies in last century Aerodynamic Heating engineering approximation method software (AEROHEAT, LATCH, MINVER, UNLATCH2, UNLATCH3 etc.) and fluid calculation number Value analogy method software (DPLR, FUN3D, GASP, LAURA, US3D etc.) (reference:Hypersonic and high-temperature aerodynamics (the 2 editions), Anderson, aerospace industry publishing house, in September, 2003);And carry out large number of ground test with flying demonstration checking examination Test, have been built up the more ripe predicting means of flight mission profile aerodynamic force thermal environment.Europe, Japanese (JAXA) etc. are also all Possess certain hypersonic heat flow density to calculate and test capability.Domestic Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Chinese Academy of Sciences's mechanics study Institute, the Chinese research unit such as aerodynamic investigation and centre of development, China Aerospace aerodynamic investigation institute, the National University of Defense technology are all Develop the hypersonic heat flow density of oneself and calculated software, possess hypersonic hot-fluid test capability and the test of continuous improvement Technology (reference《Chinese scientific strategy hydrodynamics》, Science Press, in September, 2014).
Make a general survey of both at home and abroad, although reliable heat flow density data can be obtained under local condition, due to different wind-tunnel It is different to the simulation context of flow parameter, thus heat flow density reflects different physical mechanisms, heat flux distribution rule disunity, The modeling of aircraft thermal environment mainly according to certain experience and it is assumed that provide engineering approximation and fitting, still lack objectively, have There is the theoretical method of certain universality.
How to provide a kind of accurate response hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flux distribution Mathematical Modeling, be this area urgently The technical problem of solution.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of hypersonic pointed cone optimized based on functional Profile heat flow density modeling method, it is to avoid the one-sidedness of modeling method, reduces the interference of artificial sense datum.
The object of the invention is achieved by following technical solution:
A kind of hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method optimized based on functional is provided, is comprised the steps:
(1) using hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel, ground calorimetric examination is carried out to the pointed cone model of n different contracting ratios of aircraft Test;
(2) obtain heat flux distribution rule of the n different scale models in hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel respectively to obtain Heat flow density test value Qwi, wherein 1≤i≤n;
(3) the wind tunnel test parameter of hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel is adjusted, first group of heat flow density test value Qwij, j is obtained For wind tunnel test number of times;
(4) obtain heat flux distribution rule Qw1=fij of first group of aircraft1(T0,P0,H0,Hw,p,ρ,u,M, ReL, Rex), wherein T0 be wind-tunnel stagnation temperature, P0 be wind-tunnel stagnation pressure, H0 be wind-tunnel total enthalpy, Hw be wind-tunnel wall enthalpy, p is flowing pressure Power, ρ be come current density, u for velocity vector, M be Mach number, ReL be unit Reynolds number, Rex be local Reynolds number;
(5) k-1 different hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel is changed, repeat step (1)-(4) obtain k group aircraft altogether Heat flux distribution rule Qwk=fijk(T0,P0,H0,Hw,p,ρ,u,M,ReL,Rex);
(6) using functional optimized algorithm, wind-tunnel qualitative variables a and mark mould parameter b is introduced, calculating is iterated to Qwk, is asked The spatial alternation of optimum is taken, the expression formula of pointed cone heat flow density model Qw=f (t) is obtained.
Preferably, also including step (7), carry out calculating the calculating data of acquisition according to Qw=f (t), try with practical flight Data Comparison is tested, when required precision is met, Qw function expressions is determined;When precision is unsatisfactory for required precision, return to step (6), regain the function expression of Qw.
Preferably, k different hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel includes shock tunnel and gun wind tunnel.
Preferably, functional optimized algorithm is applied in step (6), introduces wind-tunnel qualitative variables a and mark mould parameter b, Qwk is entered Row iteration is calculated, and the concrete grammar for obtaining pointed cone heat flow density calculating model Qw is:Calculated using functional optimization in function space Method seeks f (t) the function representation forms with least complex.
Preferably, f (t) the function representation shapes with least complex are sought using functional optimized algorithm in function space The concrete grammar of formula is:Using heat flux distribution rule Qwk=fij of k group aircraftk(T0,P0,H0,Hw,p,ρ,u,M, ReL, Rex), substitute into formulaMost adaptation function shape is searched in canonical function storehouse Formula g (t);
F (t) is default solved function form;G (t) is canonical function form;It is empty in Hilbert for f (t), g (t) Between angle;
G (t) and Qw has following relation:
C+d/ (v+Rex)-Qw/ (ρ * u) (H0-Hw)=0
C, d, v are the constant in Qw function expressions;Obtain Qw function expression be:QW=St* (ρ * u) (H0-Hw), St is because of Margoulis number.
The present invention is had the advantage that compared with prior art:
(1) modeling method practicality of the invention is high, in modeling process, the letter of the unified heat flux distribution rule of reflection Number is produced by functional optimized algorithm, and |input paramete only reflects the high accuracy differentiation Aerodynamic Heating of different physical mechanisms Test data, it is not necessary to other manual interventions.The one-sidedness of prior art modeling method is avoided, artificial sense datum is reduced Interference.
(2) model obtained using the present invention has more preferable terseness.The functional algorithm of the present invention is in optimization process Overall balance can be carried out between data residual sum model complexity, succinct mathematical function analytical expression is obtained.
(3) model obtained using the present invention has more preferable versatility, by the test data of multiple wind-tunnel, it is ensured that The orthogonality of data, it is ensured that the high-adaptability of model.The coverage of present invention test is high, to practical flight complexity Airflow Environment Fully simulate, it is ensured that the precision of prediction of heat flow density in actual flying test.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the modeling procedure figure of modeling method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 ground experiment point layout schematic diagrames of the present invention;
Heat flux distribution figure before and after Fig. 3 present invention modelings;Wherein Fig. 3 (a) is heat flux distribution figure before modeling;Fig. 3 B () is heat flux distribution figure after modeling.
Specific embodiment
The flow chart of the present invention as shown in figure 1, carry out the point of different contracting ratios first in different types of hypersonic wind tunnel Cone calorimetric test, obtains the high accuracy differentiation aerothermodynamics experiment data of the different physical mechanisms of reflection, and draws different tests Heat flux distribution rule, judges whether rule is unified, if disunity, carries out spatial alternation under the guidance of functional optimization, Continuous iteration, until obtaining the unified regularity of distribution.
The specific implementation step of the present invention is given with reference to instantiation:
(1) using hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel, ground calorimetric is carried out to the pointed cone model of two different contracting ratios of aircraft Test.Two kinds are contracted than pointed cone model as shown in Fig. 2 calorimetric test is carried out in wind-tunnel 1,2, wherein test model for semi-cone angle is 7 degree of pointed cone, 1 length L=571mm of model arrange 17 measuring points, and 2 length L=1136mm of model arranges 37 measuring points. Obtain heat flow density data of the different scale models under different wind-tunnel difference operating mode.Wherein, the trystate of wind-tunnel 1 is H0= 16MJ/kg, u=4979m/s, Thermochemical Non-equilibrium state;The trystate of wind-tunnel 2 be H0=3.3MJ/kg, u=2343m/s, Calorimetric ideal gas.
(2) obtain heat flux distribution rule of two different scale models in hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel respectively to obtain Heat flow density test value Qw1 and Qw2;
(3) adjust j-1 hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel wind tunnel test parameter, including wind-tunnel stagnation temperature T0, wind-tunnel stagnation pressure P0, Wind-tunnel total enthalpy H0, wind-tunnel wall enthalpy Hw, incoming-flow pressure p, come current density ρ, velocity vector u, Mach number M, unit reynolds number Re L, Local reynolds number Re x, obtains first group of heat flow density test value Qw1j and Qw2j;
(4) using existing modeling method, obtain heat flux distribution rule Qw1=fij of first group of aircraft1(T0, P0, H0, Hw, p, ρ, u, M, ReL, Rex), wherein T0 is wind-tunnel stagnation temperature, P0 is wind-tunnel stagnation pressure, H0 is wind-tunnel total enthalpy, Hw is wind-tunnel Wall enthalpy, p be incoming-flow pressure, ρ be come current density, u for velocity vector, M be Mach number, ReL be unit Reynolds number, Rex be to work as Ground Reynolds number;
(5) k-1 different hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel is changed, repeat step (1)-(4) obtain k group aircraft altogether Heat flux distribution rule Qwk=fijk(T0, P0, H0, Hw, p, ρ, u, M, ReL, Rex), type of wind tunnel should cover shock tunnel And gun wind tunnel.
(6) using functional optimized algorithm, wind-tunnel qualitative variables a and mark mould parameter b is introduced, calculating is iterated to Qwk, is asked The spatial alternation of optimum is taken, pointed cone heat flow density model Qw=f (T0, P0, H0, Hw, p, ρ, u, M, ReL, Rex, a, b) is obtained.
The function representation form with least complex is sought using functional optimized algorithm in function space;K group numbers According to Qwk=fijk(T0, P0, H0, Hw, p, ρ, u, M, ReL, Rex), substitutes into formula Search in canonical function storehouse, withValue most approach 0 for optimal function form.
F (t) is default solved function form, f (t)=f (T0, P0, H0, Hw, p, ρ, u, M, ReL, Rex, a, b);g T () is canonical function form;For f (t), g (t) Hilbert space angle.
Most match canonical function form g (t) and there is following relation with Qw:
C+d/ (v+Rex)-Qw/ (ρ * u) (H0-Hw)=0
C, d, v are the constant in Qw function expressions.
Because Margoulis number expression formula is:
St=Qw/ (ρ * u) is (H0-Hw)
Therefore, St=c+d/ (v+Rex)
Try to achieve:
C=8.223e-4, d=220.1, v=3158.
Try to achieve QW=St* (ρ * u) (H0-Hw).
Shown in heat flux distribution rule such as Fig. 3 (b) after modeling, heat flux distribution figure such as Fig. 3 (a) institutes before modeling Show, the contrast of two width figures this it appears that only can express the heat flux distribution rule of two wind-tunnel by a function after modeling Rule.
(7) carry out calculating the calculating data of acquisition according to Qw=f (t), and actual flying test Data Comparison, when meeting essence When degree is required, Qw function expressions are determined;When precision is unsatisfactory for required precision, return to step (6) regains the function of Qw Expression formula.
The pointed cone profile heat flux distribution model that the hypersonic wind tunnel modeling method of the present invention is obtained is applied to superb In the Aerodynamic Heating high-precision forecast of velocity of sound flight, the heat flux distribution rule of Accurate Prediction aircraft outer surface different parts Rule, precision of prediction are high, and complexity is low, and forecasting efficiency is high.
The above, optimal specific embodiment only of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in, Should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method optimized based on functional, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly:
(1) using hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel, ground calorimetric test is carried out to the pointed cone model of n different contracting ratios of aircraft;
(2) heat flux distribution rule of the n different scale models in hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel is obtained respectively obtains hot-fluid Density test value Qwi, wherein 1≤i≤n;
(3) the wind tunnel test parameter of hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel is adjusted, first group of heat flow density test value Qwij is obtained, j is wind Hole test number (TN);
(4) obtain heat flux distribution rule Qw1=fij of first group of aircraft1(T0,P0,H0,Hw,p,ρ,u,M,ReL, Rex), wherein T0 be wind-tunnel stagnation temperature, P0 be wind-tunnel stagnation pressure, H0 be wind-tunnel total enthalpy, Hw be wind-tunnel wall enthalpy, p be incoming-flow pressure, ρ For come current density, u for velocity vector, M be Mach number, ReL be unit Reynolds number, Rex be local Reynolds number;
(5) k-1 different hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel is changed, repeat step (1)-(4) obtain the hot-fluid of k group aircraft altogether Density distributing law Qwk=fijk(T0,P0,H0,Hw,p,ρ,u,M,ReL,Rex);
(6) using functional optimized algorithm, wind-tunnel qualitative variables a and mark mould parameter b is introduced, calculating is iterated to Qwk, is asked for most Excellent spatial alternation, obtains the expression formula of pointed cone heat flow density model Qw=f (t).
2. the hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method for being optimized based on functional as claimed in claim 1, its feature It is, also including step (7), to carry out calculating according to Qw=f (t) the calculating data of acquisition, and actual flying test Data Comparison, When required precision is met, Qw function expressions are determined;When precision is unsatisfactory for required precision, return to step (6) is regained The function expression of Qw.
3. the hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method for being optimized based on functional as claimed in claim 1, its feature It is that k different hypersonic calorimetric wind-tunnel includes shock tunnel and gun wind tunnel.
4. the hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method for being optimized based on functional as claimed in claim 1, its feature It is in step (6), to apply functional optimized algorithm, introduces wind-tunnel qualitative variables a and mark mould parameter b, meter is iterated to Qwk Calculate, the concrete grammar for obtaining pointed cone heat flow density calculating model Qw is:Tool is sought using functional optimized algorithm in function space There are f (t) the function representation forms of least complex.
5. the hypersonic pointed cone profile heat flow density modeling method for being optimized based on functional as claimed in claim 4, its feature It is to seek the concrete side of f (t) the function representation forms with least complex in function space using functional optimized algorithm Method is:Using heat flux distribution rule Qwk=fij of k group aircraftk(T0, P0, H0, Hw, p, ρ, u, M, ReL, Rex), generation Enter formulaMost adaptation function form g (t) is searched in canonical function storehouse;
F (t) is default solved function form;G (t) is canonical function form;It is f (t), g (t) in Hilbert space Angle;
G (t) and Qw has following relation:
C+d/ (v+Rex)-Qw/ (ρ * u) (H0-Hw)=0
C, d, v are the constant in Qw function expressions;Obtain Qw function expression be:(H0-Hw), St is QW=St* (ρ * u) Because of Margoulis number.
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CN107808065A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-16 南京航空航天大学 The solid hot quick calculation method of 3 D complex profile high-speed aircraft stream
CN109856177A (en) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-07 中国飞机强度研究所 A kind of aircraft protective cover thermal release experimental rig
CN109856177B (en) * 2017-11-30 2021-04-20 中国飞机强度研究所 Aircraft safety cover thermal separation test device
CN112001034A (en) * 2020-09-09 2020-11-27 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 Multi-surface cone-shaped flight wind tunnel model layout and design method
CN112001034B (en) * 2020-09-09 2022-03-29 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 Multi-surface cone-shaped flight wind tunnel model layout and design method
CN112378617B (en) * 2020-12-09 2023-03-07 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Data processing method for eliminating interference of pulse wind tunnel heat measuring signal
CN112378617A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-02-19 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Data processing method for eliminating interference of pulse wind tunnel heat measuring signal
CN114528645A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-05-24 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 Design method of hypersonic velocity aerodynamic thermal standard model for simulating three-dimensional complex flow
CN114528645B (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-01 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 Design method of hypersonic velocity aerodynamic thermal standard model for simulating three-dimensional complex flow
CN115312139A (en) * 2022-09-23 2022-11-08 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 Method for accessing and converting hypersonic flow chemical reaction model data
CN115312139B (en) * 2022-09-23 2023-01-13 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 Method for accessing and converting hypersonic flow chemical reaction model data
CN117782515A (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 Aerodynamic heat data uncertainty evaluation method for impact of shock tunnel inflow parameters
CN117782515B (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-05-07 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 Aerodynamic heat data uncertainty evaluation method for impact of shock tunnel inflow parameters

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