CN106526658A - Marine high-resolution three-dimensional phase modulation seismic source - Google Patents
Marine high-resolution three-dimensional phase modulation seismic source Download PDFInfo
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- CN106526658A CN106526658A CN201611267565.1A CN201611267565A CN106526658A CN 106526658 A CN106526658 A CN 106526658A CN 201611267565 A CN201611267565 A CN 201611267565A CN 106526658 A CN106526658 A CN 106526658A
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- catalyst carrier
- negative electrode
- phase modulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/157—Generating seismic energy using spark discharges; using exploding wires
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3808—Seismic data acquisition, e.g. survey design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3843—Deployment of seismic devices, e.g. of streamers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3861—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas control of source arrays, e.g. for far field control
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Oceanography (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a marine high-resolution three-dimensional phase modulation seismic source comprising a waterborne control excitation unit which is connected with a seismic source framework through a cable. The seismic source framework is provided with front and back depth pressure sensors and also provided with stainless steel rings used for hanging floating balls. Multiple horizontally arranged cylindrical carriers are equidistantly arranged on the bottom part of the seismic source framework. The bottom part of the cylindrical carriers is provided with multiple vertical cathode electrodes, and the length of the cathode electrodes on the same cylindrical carrier is equal. Spatial electrode distribution is calculated according to a radar spatial beam formation method, and the concept that electric spark electrodes are formed by using the beam formation technology is firstly put forward so that the combined seismic source having the directivity can be formed, the mature electric spark seismic source on the market can be implemented, the objective of phase modulation can be achieved by controlling mutual dislocation and superposition of seismic source wavelet through a phase shifter, and thus ghost reflection caused by the marine surface can be fundamentally suppressed and the efficiency and the quality of seismic exploration field data acquisition can be greatly enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the focus during a kind of seismic prospecting, more particularly to a kind of ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation shake
Source, adjusts for marine high-resolution stereopsis system, survey acquisition seabed middle-shallow layer stratum reflective information and for Seismology and Geology
Look into and explanation.
Background technology
In marine seismic prospectiong, focus is the key equipment in oceanic earthquake exploration data acquisition system, especially electricity
Spark seismic source.This year is with the progress of high-resolution seismic data acquisition technology, the raising of collector's environmental consciousness, electric spark shake
Main status is occupied in source in marine seismic prospectiong.The spark source that the country commonly uses at present is mainly public by French S.I.G
The SIG of department's production is serial, and the Geo-spark of Dutch Geo-Resources companies production is serial.The related ocean developed both at home and abroad
Spark source, it is mainly linear to excite combination simultaneously, increase wavelet energy using combination linear, surveyed with reaching high-resolution seismic
The purpose of spy.And the existing compound mode for linearly exciting causes to be difficult to the technique effect of phase modulation because of its excitation principle.Ground
Shake wavelet propagation in the earth formation is geometry sphere diffusive transport, under the hypothesis for ignoring formation absorption effect, seimic wave propagation
Process is propagated energy density and is reduced with the increase of propagation distance.So cause seismic wave when receiving, energy attenuation is more.
Existing mode of excitation is because using the principle for exciting simultaneously so that energy transmission does not have directivity, and which propagates energy attenuation
Comparatively fast.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus, with improve electric spark excitation energy with
And capacity usage ratio, the propagation beam direction of seismic source energy is adjusted using beam-forming technology, to be suitable for sea high-resolution multiple tracks
The technical requirements of seismic survey system.
A kind of ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that excite unit including control waterborne, the control waterborne
Unit is excited to be connected with focus framework by the transmission cable with anode watertight connector, the focus framework is provided with former and later two
Depth pressure sensor, is additionally provided with multiple stainless steel rings for hanging ball float on focus framework, focus framework is whole focus
Supporting body, its bottom equidistantly arrange multiple horizontally disposed column like catalyst carrier, and column like catalyst carrier is used as focus electrode holder；Column is carried
The bottom of body is provided with the equal length of the negative electrode in multiple vertical negative electrodes, and same column like catalyst carrier.
The quantity of the column like catalyst carrier is even number, and is symmetrically distributed in the axis both sides in front and back of focus framework, mutually right
The length of the negative electrode 7 on two column like catalyst carrier for claiming is identical, and the length of the negative electrode on outermost two column like catalyst carrier is most
Short, ecto-entad is longer the closer to the negative electrode on the column like catalyst carrier of axis, and the negative electrode on the column like catalyst carrier of two, middle part is most
It is long.
The negative electrode is by copper wire and the copper wire ends exposed of polyester material parcel, energy range during single electrode discharge
For 5-30J.
The negative electrode entirety excitation energy scope of the design focus is 6400-38400J.
Described control waterborne excites unit to include phase-shifter and lock unit, and to provide electric energy as mode of excitation；Using
Anode watertight connector easily can be mounted and dismounted；Depth transducer is used for determining focus sinking depth；Stainless steel ring is adopted
Rotatable handling are withheld, to facilitate connection rope to fix ball float.
16 horizontally arranged column like catalyst carrier are arranged at the bottom of the focus framework, and the spacing of two neighboring column like catalyst carrier is
10cm, i.e., the axis of focus general frame is per side slat column like catalyst carrier；Each column like catalyst carrier is provided with 80 negative electrodes, owns
Negative electrode belongs to the same circuit, and the spacing of two adjacent negative electrodes is 2cm in front and back；On wherein outermost two column like catalyst carrier
Negative electrode length be 1cm, by that analogy, the negative electrode length on two column like catalyst carrier at middle part be 8cm.All of negative electrode
In latticed array, negative electrode is parallel to each other between row and row, is also parallel to each other between the column and the column.With focus frame center line it is
Axis of symmetry, is controlled using lock unit to the electrode on column like catalyst carrier, it is ensured that symmetrical electrode can be excited simultaneously.So design
Purpose is changed according to electrode length, is controlled the mutual dislocation superposition of source wavelet using phase-shifter, is reached the purpose of phase modulation, from
And fundamentally suppress the ghosting produced due to sea.
In order to ensure under larger sea situation of surging, it is not very acutely, to make this focus underwater portion that focus integrally rocks
Center of gravity is placed in the front end of focus framework, and purpose pulls the pulling force upwards for producing in order to eliminate due to hull.
The method that source wavelet is produced using above-mentioned ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
This focus is equipped on into workboat and is travelled to predetermined maritime area, this device is lifted into water, by depth pressure
Sensor detects whether to reach desired depth,
Using beam-forming technology, prolonged by the spatial arrangements and phase-shifter, the regulation phase place of lock unit of coordination electrode
Late, electric energy is exported to negative electrode, so as to produce source wavelet, and the energy transmission of the source wavelet for causing to produce has orientation
Property, it is maximized that seismic source energy is applied within special angle, greatly improve the efficiency of seismic prospecting field data collection with
And quality.
In said process, this focus is thrown to into desired depth by way of hanging ball float.
The present invention calculates space electrode distribution, forms one according to radar spatial beams forming method in Radar Technology field
Plant the combination focus with direction directivity.The invention can reach existing ripe electricity fire on market in epicenter excitation parameter
Flower focus, and propose first to combine electrospark electrode using beam-forming technology, form ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus.
The present invention has following characteristics：
A. ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus utilizes beam-forming technology, by the spatial arrangements and phase of coordination electrode
Move device, the regulation Phase delay of lock unit so that seismic source energy is propagated with certain directionality.It is maximized by seismic source energy
It is applied within certain angle, greatly improves the efficiency and quality of seismic prospecting field data collection.
B. cathodic discharge is to utilize prior art, is electrode discharge not consumable material the characteristics of this kind of technology, can keep
The wavelet coherence of single electrode.
C. in order to ensure under larger sea situation of surging, it is not very acutely, by main shock source structure center of gravity that focus integrally rocks
Front end is placed, purpose pulls the pulling force upwards for producing in order to eliminate due to hull.
D. depth pressure sensor is utilized, real-time Transmission determines cylinder sinking depth, for pressure being calculated during afterwards
The space length of ghosting processed.
E. ball float hangs stainless steel ring, convenient connection rope and fixed ball float, is conducive to original paper to make using stainless steel
With the life-span, the ball float of different size can be hung according to requirement of engineering.
F. whole electrode arrangement is 16 symmetrical column electrode holders, with whole electrode framework centrage be it is symmetrical, symmetrically
Electrode is controlled using lock unit, it is ensured that symmetrical electrode can be excited simultaneously.Single from outside to inside electrode length is 1cm to 8cm.
G. 80 electrodes for equidistantly arranging on each column like catalyst carrier, all electrodes belong to the same circuit, and electrode
Spacing is 2cm.It is arranged, one is to control the electrode on the symmetrical column like catalyst carrier in two ends while exciting using lock unit, forms energy
Amount is converged.Two is to control 80 electrodes on every column like catalyst carrier using phase-shifter, forms Phase delay, reaches wave beam and converges effect
Should.Time delay is adjusted according to the requirement of field acquisition geometry.As a example by forming 30 ° of wave beams, according to Phase delay formula：
In formula, τ is Phase delay, and d is transverse electrode spacing, and v is seismic wave propagation speed,
H. focus general frame is width 160cm, long 190cm.Symmetry electrode is controlled by same lock unit, while swashing
Send out.Column like catalyst carrier is spaced 10cm, per the column like catalyst carrier of side 8.Electrode length on every column like catalyst carrier is started to 8cm with 1cm,
1cm incremental variations.The purpose of so design is changed according to electrode length, controls the mutual dislocation of source wavelet using phase-shifter
Superposition, reaches the purpose of phase modulation, so as to fundamentally suppress the ghosting produced due to sea.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the conventional structure schematic diagram of marine high-resolution seismic exploration system.
Fig. 2 is marine high-resolution seismic exploration principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus schematic diagram (direction of arrow is front) of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is single negative electrode schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the front view of focus general frame, column like catalyst carrier and negative electrode.
The arrangement schematic diagram of mono- column like catalyst carrier of Fig. 6 and its negative electrode.
The source wavelet that Fig. 7 is produced using the ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, control waterborne excites unit, and 2, transmission cable, 3, anode watertight connector, 4, depth transducer, 5, stainless
Steel loop, 6, focus framework 7, negative electrode, 8, column like catalyst carrier, 9, copper wire, 10, polyester material.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the conventional structure schematic diagram of marine high-resolution seismic exploration system, and the present invention is mainly to water portion therein
Divide and be improved, Fig. 2 is marine high-resolution seismic exploration principle schematic diagram.
As seen in figures 3-6, a kind of ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that excite unit including control waterborne
1, the control waterborne excites unit 1 to be connected with focus framework 6 by the energy transmission cable 2 with anode watertight connector 3, described
Focus framework 6 is provided with former and later two depth pressure sensors 4, is additionally provided with multiple for hanging the stainless of ball float on focus framework 6
Steel loop 5, focus framework 6 are whole focus supporting bodies, and its bottom equidistantly arranges multiple horizontally disposed column like catalyst carrier 8, column
Carrier 8 is used as focus electrode holder；The bottom of column like catalyst carrier 8 is provided with multiple vertical negative electrodes 7, and each column like catalyst carrier 8
The equal length of negative electrode 7.
The quantity of the column like catalyst carrier 8 is even number, and is symmetrically distributed in the axis both sides of focus framework 6, symmetrically
Two column like catalyst carrier 8 on negative electrode 7 length it is identical, the length of the negative electrode 7 on outermost two column like catalyst carrier 8 is most
Short, ecto-entad is longer the closer to the negative electrode 7 on the column like catalyst carrier 8 of axis, the negative electricity on the column like catalyst carrier 8 of two, middle part
Pole 7 is most long.
Embodiment
Such as Fig. 3-6, a kind of ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus, including control waterborne excite unit 1 (comprising phase-shifter with
Lock unit) and connected by 150m transmission cables 2 positioned at focus framework 6 under water, surface location and underwater unit, transmission cable
2 are provided with anode watertight connector 3.Former and later two depth transducers 4, the stainless steel ring 5 and negative electrode 7 for hanging ball float are complete
Portion's integrated installation is on focus framework 6.Wherein, it is integrated on a columnar electrode carrier, then according to right per 80 negative electrodes
16 columnar electrode carriers are installed at focus general frame centrage both sides by title relation.
Integrated stranded cable in the connection cable 2 of above-mentioned 150m, is connected by anode watertight connector 3.Including power supply
Discharge and recharge cathode line and 16 strands of anode line (correspondence columnar electrode amount vector), 2 strands of depth transducer real-time link, phase-shifter
1 strand of 2 strands of control line, 1 strand of lock unit control line and ground wire.Various cable insulation are integrated after wrapping up with softer metals, prevent
The only inductive effect between cable.All of cable connector is integrated in anode watertight connector 3, realizes surface location within a fitting
With the connection of underwater unit.
Such as Fig. 4, the negative electrode 7 is the copper wire 9 and copper wire ends exposed wrapped up by polyester material 10, single electrode discharge
When energy range be 5-30J.
The design focus entirety excitation energy scope is 6400-38400J.
Described control waterborne excites unit 1 to include phase-shifter and lock unit, and to provide electric energy as mode of excitation, adopts
Anode watertight connector 3 easily can be mounted and dismounted, and depth transducer 4 is used for determining focus sinking depth,；As Fig. 3,5, no
Rust steel loop 5 is withheld using rotatable handling, to facilitate connection rope to fix ball float.
As there are 16 horizontally arranged column like catalyst carrier 8 Fig. 3,5,6, the bottom of the focus framework 6, two neighboring column is carried
The spacing of body 8 is 10cm, i.e., the axis of focus general frame 6 is per the column like catalyst carrier of side 8；Each column like catalyst carrier 8 is provided with 80
Negative electrode 7, all negative electrodes 7 belong to the same circuit, and the spacing of two adjacent negative electrodes 7 is 2cm in front and back；It is wherein outermost
7 length of negative electrode on two column like catalyst carrier 8 is 1cm, by that analogy, 7 length of negative electrode on two column like catalyst carrier 8 at middle part
For 8cm.All of negative electrode 7 is in latticed array, and negative electrode 7 is parallel to each other between row and row, also mutually flat between the column and the column
OK.With 6 centrage of focus framework as axis of symmetry, the electrode on column like catalyst carrier 8 is controlled using lock unit, it is ensured that symmetrical electrode
Can excite simultaneously.The purpose of so design is changed according to electrode length, controls the mutual mistake of source wavelet using phase-shifter
Position superposition, reaches the purpose of phase modulation, so as to fundamentally suppress the ghosting produced due to sea.
In order to ensure under larger sea situation of surging, it is not very acutely, to make this focus underwater portion that focus integrally rocks
Center of gravity is placed in the front end of focus framework 6, and purpose pulls the pulling force upwards for producing in order to eliminate due to hull.As, in Fig. 3, being by frame
The decussation structure of top of the trellis arranges to realize that center of gravity is forward on the front.
The method that source wavelet is produced using above-mentioned ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
This focus is equipped on into workboat and is travelled to predetermined maritime area, this device is lifted into water, by depth pressure
Sensor 4 detects whether to reach desired depth,
Using beam-forming technology, prolonged by the spatial arrangements and phase-shifter, the regulation phase place of lock unit of coordination electrode
Late, electric energy is exported to negative electrode 7, so as to produce source wavelet, and the energy transmission of the source wavelet for causing to produce has orientation
Property, it is maximized that seismic source energy is applied within special angle, greatly improve the efficiency of seismic prospecting field data collection with
And quality.
In said process, this focus is thrown to into desired depth by way of hanging ball float.
Prior art of the present invention according to cathodic discharge, focus indoor control unit 1 add phase-shifter and lock unit.Utilize
Lock unit controls symmetrical two columnar electrode carriers and excites simultaneously, and phase-shifter then control can be real on same bar columnar electrode carrier
The time delay such as now, and for the electrode of different length, phase-shifter realize it is asynchronous excite, source wavelet passes through staggered superposition
Compacting ghosting phenomenon.
Fig. 7 is the source wavelet produced using the ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus of the present invention.Oscillogram as shown in Figure 7
Understand, the source wavelet that the present invention is produced has high resolution, and energy range is big and direction of propagation of energy is good, excellent compacting
The characteristics of Free Surface ghosting.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that excite unit (1) including control waterborne, the control waterborne
Unit (1) is excited to be connected with focus framework (6) by the transmission cable (2) with anode watertight connector (3), the focus framework
(6) former and later two depth pressure sensors (4) are provided with, multiple rustless steels for hanging ball float on focus framework (6), are additionally provided with
Ring (5), focus framework (6) bottom equidistantly arrange multiple horizontally disposed column like catalyst carrier (8)；The bottom of column like catalyst carrier (8) sets
There are multiple vertical negative electrodes (7), and the equal length of the negative electrode (7) on same column like catalyst carrier (8).
2. ocean high-resolution as claimed in claim 1 solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that the quantity of column like catalyst carrier (8)
For even number, and be symmetrically distributed in focus framework (6) before and after axis both sides, on two symmetrical column like catalyst carrier (8)
The length of negative electrode (7) is identical, and the length of the negative electrode (7) on outermost two column like catalyst carrier (8) is most short, ecto-entad,
Longer the closer to the negative electrode (7) on the column like catalyst carrier (8) of axis, the negative electrode (7) on the column like catalyst carrier (8) of two, middle part is most
It is long.
3. ocean high-resolution as claimed in claim 1 or 2 solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that negative electrode (7) be by
Copper wire (9) that polyester material (10) is wrapped up and copper wire ends exposed, during single electrode discharge, energy range is 5-30J.
4. ocean high-resolution as claimed in claim 3 solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that above-mentioned negative electrode (7) integrally excite
Energy range is 6400-38400J.
5. ocean high-resolution as claimed in claim 1 or 2 solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that described control waterborne is excited
Unit (1) includes phase-shifter and lock unit, and to provide electric energy as mode of excitation.
6. ocean high-resolution as claimed in claim 2 solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that the bottom of focus framework (6)
There are 16 horizontally arranged column like catalyst carrier (8), the spacing of two neighboring column like catalyst carrier (8) is 10cm, i.e. focus general frame
(6) axis is per side (8) bar column like catalyst carrier；Each column like catalyst carrier (8) is provided with 80 negative electrodes (7), all negative electrode (7)
Belong to the same circuit, the spacing of two adjacent in front and back negative electrodes (7) is 2cm；On wherein outermost two column like catalyst carrier (8)
Negative electrode (7) length be 1cm, by that analogy, negative electrode (7) length on two column like catalyst carrier (8) at middle part be 8cm.
7. ocean high-resolution as claimed in claim 1 or 2 solid phase modulation focus, it is characterised in that in order to ensure surge it is larger
Sea situation under, it is not very acutely, to make the center of gravity of this focus underwater portion be placed in the front end of focus framework (6) that focus integrally rocks,
Purpose pulls the pulling force upwards for producing in order to eliminate due to hull.
8. the method for producing source wavelet using the ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
This focus is equipped on into workboat and is travelled to predetermined maritime area, this focus is lifted into water, sensed by depth pressure
Device (4) detects whether to reach desired depth,
It is using beam-forming technology, by spatial arrangements and phase-shifter, the regulation Phase delay of lock unit of coordination electrode, right
Negative electrode (7) exports electric energy, so as to produce source wavelet, and causes the energy transmission of the source wavelet for producing to have directionality,
It is maximized that seismic source energy is applied within special angle, greatly improve efficiency and the product of seismic prospecting field data collection
Matter.
9. the method for producing source wavelet as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that after this focus is lifted into water, pass through
This focus is thrown to desired depth by the mode for hanging ball float.
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| CN201611267565.1A CN106526658B (en) | 2016-12-31 | 2016-12-31 | Ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus |
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| CN201611267565.1A CN106526658B (en) | 2016-12-31 | 2016-12-31 | Ocean high-resolution solid phase modulation focus |
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| CN106526658B CN106526658B (en) | 2019-06-25 |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106932814A (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-07-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean high-resolution system vertical time delay spark source |
| CN106932815A (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-07-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean high-resolution system vertical array spark source |
| CN111443386A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Broadband acquisition method for three-dimensional seismic source of marine earthquake |
| CN113093280A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Equal-floating correction method for virtual reflection travel-time cable based on coherent function control |
| WO2024175944A1 (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2024-08-29 | Sercel Sas | Marine seismic source with enhanced characteristics and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106932814A (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-07-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean high-resolution system vertical time delay spark source |
| CN106932815A (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-07-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean high-resolution system vertical array spark source |
| CN111443386A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Broadband acquisition method for three-dimensional seismic source of marine earthquake |
| CN111443386B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2022-04-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Broadband acquisition method for three-dimensional seismic source of marine earthquake |
| CN113093280A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Equal-floating correction method for virtual reflection travel-time cable based on coherent function control |
| WO2024175944A1 (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2024-08-29 | Sercel Sas | Marine seismic source with enhanced characteristics and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106526658B (en) | 2019-06-25 |
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