CN106525731B - Canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution method and device based on remote sensing and agricultural knowledge - Google Patents
Canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution method and device based on remote sensing and agricultural knowledge Download PDFInfo
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- CN106525731B CN106525731B CN201610856308.5A CN201610856308A CN106525731B CN 106525731 B CN106525731 B CN 106525731B CN 201610856308 A CN201610856308 A CN 201610856308A CN 106525731 B CN106525731 B CN 106525731B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N2021/1793—Remote sensing
- G01N2021/1797—Remote sensing in landscape, e.g. crops
Abstract
The canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution method and device based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge that the present invention provides a kind of, which comprises obtain the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；Crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model is established according to agricultural knowledge；Canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution model parameter K (i.e. vertical distribution coefficient) and N are obtained using the method for empirical statistics according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band0The estimated value of (i.e. the nitrogen content of canopy top vane)；Parameter K, N obtained according to canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution model and remote sensing0Estimated value obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.The mechanistic and universality advantage that the present invention makes full use of remote sensing technology quick nondestructive monitoring advantage and agricultural knowledge model to have, the high-precision remote sensing for realizing crop different levels leaf nitrogen concentration realizes the high-precision remote sensing of crop leaf nitrogen vertical distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of canopy leaf nitrogen based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge is vertical
Straight distribution detection method and device.
Background technique
Land resource is seriously in short supply at present, and weather conditions are complicated and changeable, improves existing fertility of ploughing to maintaining grain
Food safety is most important.Nitrogen is the indispensable important nutrient of crop.Plant growth and production depend not only upon plant from
The quantity of nitrogen is drawn in soil, and largely additionally depends on vertical distribution form of the nitrogen in canopy.Improve and
Adjusting vertical distribution of the nitrogen in canopy can be used as a kind of feasible way for improving crop-producing power, act on following big
Become more important under the constantly raised weather conditions of air carbon dioxide concentration.Using remote sensing technology monitoring crop Nitrogen Status,
With the advantages such as quick, lossless, range is big, the importance and necessity of modern agricultural production has been commonly recognized.At present
Existing crop nitrogen remote-sensing monitoring method is essentially all to be averaged leaf nitrogen concentration or canopy Nitrogen Accumulation amount as target using canopy, needle
The remote sensing estimation method of canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution is also extremely lacked.Meanwhile in view of crop different levels Leaf nitrogen concentration
The sensibility that difference distribution and different levels blade coerce nitrogen is different, constructs canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution remote sensing technique pair
It improves crop nitrogen remote sensing monitoring precision and its practical application value is also extremely important.
Currently, the remote detecting method of crop canopies different levels leaf N content is very limited.Wherein, it is based on crop canopies
The evaluation method of reflectance spectrum and partial least squares algorithm, it is relatively small in view of contribution of the lower leave to canopy reflectance spectra,
Using method estimation lower layer's leaf N content, there are biggish uncertainties.It is photosynthetic based on crop canopies reflectance spectrum and different levels
The evaluation method of Net long wave radiation intercepting and capturing amount, since the luminous energy acquisition of information for obtaining large area crop different levels is relatively difficult, limit
The practical application of the method is made.The leaf N content that different levels are extracted using multi-angle canopy reflectance spectra is seen in view of multi-angle
What is surveyed is still the mixed spectra of different leaf layers, and estimation precision is restricted.Utilize different levels single blade reflectance spectrum or glimmering
Light characteristic estimates the nitrogen content of each level blade, is faced with large area remote sensing monitoring and is difficult to obtain the reflection of crop different levels blade
The predicament of spectrum and fluorescence information, practical application.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, it is vertical to provide a kind of canopy leaf nitrogen based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge by the present invention
Straight distribution detection method and device, the mechanism for making full use of remote sensing technology quick nondestructive monitoring advantage and agricultural knowledge model to have
Property and universality advantage, realize the high-precision remote sensing of crop different levels leaf nitrogen concentration, that is, realize crop leaf nitrogen hang down
The high-precision remote sensing being directly distributed.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge
Method, comprising:
Obtain the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
Crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model is established according to agricultural knowledge:
N=N0·exp(-K·LAI)
Wherein, N is dependent variable, i.e. nitrogen content at canopy depth location；LAI is independent variable, i.e., to hat at the top of canopy
Accumulation leaf area index at a certain depth location of layer；K is Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient, and value is bigger, indicates that nitrogen vertically divides
Cloth section is steeper, and different levels nitrogen content difference is bigger；Coefficient N0Nitrogen content when for LAI being 0, the i.e. nitrogen of canopy top vane
Content；
It is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band using the method for empirical statistics
Take the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K；
It is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band using the method for empirical statistics
Take the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value；
Model parameter K, N obtained according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model and remote sensing0Estimated value, obtain crop
Canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
Further, the remote sensing reflective information for obtaining crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, comprising:
According to preset need, crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near-infrared wave are obtained based on existing remote sensing platform and sensor
The remote sensing reflective information of section.
Further, the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using experience
The method of statistics obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K, comprising:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient
Empirical statistics relationship between K, obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K.
Further, the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using experience
The method of statistics obtains the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value, comprising:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and the nitrogen content of canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy top vane
N0Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value.
Further, the canopy spectra vegetation index includes: normalized site attenuation NDVI, red green refers to than vegetation
Number RGVI, ratio vegetation index RVI and/or wide dynamic range vegetation index WDRVI.
Further, described K, N obtained according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model and remote sensing0Estimates of parameters,
Obtain crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information, comprising:
According to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model N=N0K, N that exp (- KLAI) and remote sensing obtain0Parameter is estimated
Evaluation obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
Second aspect is visited the present invention also provides a kind of based on remote sensing information and the canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution of agricultural knowledge
Survey device, comprising:
First obtains module, for obtaining the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
Module is established, for establishing crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model according to agricultural knowledge:
N=N0·exp(-K·LAI)
Wherein, N is dependent variable, i.e. nitrogen content at canopy depth location；LAI is independent variable, i.e., to hat at the top of canopy
Accumulation leaf area index at a certain depth location of layer；K is Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient, and value is bigger, indicates that nitrogen vertically divides
Cloth section is steeper, and different levels nitrogen content difference is bigger；Coefficient N0Nitrogen content when for LAI being 0, the i.e. nitrogen of canopy top vane
Content；
Second obtains module, for the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, uses
The method of empirical statistics obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K；
Third obtains module, for the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, uses
The method of empirical statistics obtains the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value；
4th obtains module, for model parameter K, N according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model and remote sensing acquisition0
Estimated value, obtain crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
Further, the first acquisition module is specifically used for:
According to preset need, crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near-infrared wave are obtained based on existing remote sensing platform and sensor
The remote sensing reflective information of section.
Further, the second acquisition module is specifically used for:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient
Empirical statistics relationship between K, obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K.
Further, the third obtains module and is specifically used for:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and the nitrogen content of canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy top vane
N0Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value.
Further, the canopy spectra vegetation index includes: normalized site attenuation NDVI, red green refers to than vegetation
Number RGVI, ratio vegetation index RVI and/or wide dynamic range vegetation index WDRVI.
Further, the 4th acquisition module is specifically used for:
According to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model N=N0K, N that exp (- KLAI) and remote sensing obtain0Parameter is estimated
Evaluation obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
As shown from the above technical solution, provided by the invention to divide based on remote sensing information is vertical with the canopy leaf nitrogen of agricultural knowledge
Cloth detection method, the mechanistic and universality for making full use of remote sensing technology quick nondestructive monitoring advantage and agricultural knowledge model to have
Advantage makees information on object plane with remote sensing technology acquisition, using the vertical extension of agronomy model realization canopy, establishes mechanistic strong
And reliable crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution remote detecting method, realize the high-precision of crop different levels leaf nitrogen concentration
Remote sensing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge that one embodiment of the invention provides
The flow chart of method；
Fig. 2 is the canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge that a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides
The flow chart of detection method；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 c is under different water and fertilizer conditions, different times canopy of winter wheat leaf nitrogen vertical distribution and mathematical model are retouched
State schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 a- Fig. 4 d is canopy of winter wheat leaf nitrogen vertical distribution COEFFICIENT K and vegetation index NDVI, RVI, RGVI, WDRVI
Relationship description schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the K value precision analysis schematic diagram that canopy of winter wheat is estimated based on spectral vegetation indexes RGVI；
Fig. 6 a- Fig. 6 d is canopy of winter wheat leaf nitrogen vertical distribution model parameter N0With vegetation index NDVI, RVI, RGVI,
The relationship description schematic diagram of WDRVI；
Fig. 7 is the N that canopy of winter wheat is estimated based on spectral vegetation indexes RVI0It is worth precision analysis schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 a- Fig. 8 c is the canopy of winter wheat different levels of the method estimation combined based on remote sensing information with agricultural knowledge
The precision analysis schematic diagram of leaf nitrogen concentration；
Fig. 9 be another embodiment of the present invention provides visited based on remote sensing information and the canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution of agricultural knowledge
Survey the structural schematic diagram of device.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For the scheme that background technology part is mentioned, existing major defect are as follows: 1, based on crop canopies reflectance spectrum and
Partial least squares algorithm estimates the leaf N content of different levels, since the contribution that lower leave reflects canopy is relatively small, benefit
With method estimation lower layer's leaf N content, there are biggish uncertainties.2, photosynthetic based on crop canopies reflectance spectrum and different levels
Net long wave radiation intercepting and capturing amount estimates the leaf N content of different levels, due to obtaining the light of large area crop different levels in practical application
Energy acquisition of information is relatively difficult, limits the practicability of the method.3, different levels are extracted using multi-angle canopy reflectance spectra
Leaf N content, in view of multi-angle observation be still different leaf layers mixed spectra, estimation precision is limited.4, different levels are based on
Single blade reflectance spectrum or fluorescent characteristic estimate the nitrogen content of each level blade, obtain big face due to being difficult to remote sensing in practical application
The reflection and fluorescence information of product crop different layers position blade, practicability are weaker.5, lack and be suitable for different scale and different remote sensing
The crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution remote sensing technique of platform.
For the defect of background technique scheme, the purpose of the present invention is comprehensively consider crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution form
The factors such as complexity of feature and data needed for obtaining, by link crop remote sensing information (i.e. crop canopies spectral reflectance) with
Agricultural knowledge (i.e. crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model) establishes mechanistic strong and reliable crop canopies leaf nitrogen and hangs down
Straight distribution remote detecting method, so as to extract the nitrogen of crop different levels blade based on the Remote Spectra data for being easier to obtain
Content realizes the high-precision remote sensing of crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution, while convenient in different remote sensing platforms (star-machine-ground
Deng) and different spaces scale on (field-region etc.) practice, have stronger practicability and universality.The present invention is based on
Remote sensing information is combined with agronomy model, is had complementary advantages by the two, and mechanistic strong and reliable crop canopies leaf nitrogen is established
Vertical distribution remote-sensing monitoring method.Make information on object plane using remote sensing technology acquisition, utilizes agronomy model realization Crop Information
Extension in canopy vertical direction.Explanation will be explained in detail to the present invention by specific embodiment below.
Fig. 1 shows the canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge of one embodiment of the invention offer
The flow chart of detection method.Referring to Fig. 1, the canopy leaf nitrogen provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge hangs down
Straight distribution detection method, includes the following steps:
Step 101: obtaining the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band.
Step 102: crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model is established according to agricultural knowledge.
In this step, following crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model is established according to agricultural knowledge:
N=N0·exp(-K·LAI)
Wherein, N is dependent variable, i.e. nitrogen content at canopy depth location；LAI is independent variable, i.e., to hat at the top of canopy
Accumulation leaf area index at a certain depth location of layer；K is Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient, and value is bigger, indicates that nitrogen vertically divides
Cloth section is steeper, and different levels nitrogen content difference is bigger；Coefficient N0Nitrogen content when for LAI being 0, the i.e. nitrogen of canopy top vane
Content.
Step 103: according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using empirical statistics
Method, obtain canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K estimated value.
Step 104: according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using empirical statistics
Method, obtain canopy top vane nitrogen content N0Estimated value.
Step 105: model parameter K, N obtained according to canopy leaf Vertical nitrogen distribution mathematical model and remote sensing0Estimation
Value, obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
It is from the description above it is found that provided in an embodiment of the present invention vertical with the canopy leaf nitrogen of agricultural knowledge based on remote sensing information
It is distributed detection method, makes full use of remote sensing technology quick nondestructive monitoring advantage and agricultural knowledge model to have mechanistic and pervasive
Property advantage, with remote sensing technology acquisition make information on object plane, using the vertical extension of agronomy model realization canopy, establish mechanistic
Strong and reliable crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution remote detecting method, realizes the high-precision of crop different levels leaf nitrogen concentration
Spend remote sensing.
Below with reference to Fig. 2 and by preferred embodiment to provided by the invention based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge
Explanation is explained in detail in canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution method.
The rapid development of remote sensing technology provides the image data of different spatial and temporal resolutions and spectral resolution abundant, together
When keep data acquisition and use more easy.In modern agricultural production, remote sensing technology monitoring crop nitrogen nutritional status is utilized
Importance is widely recognized as.But still lack has the crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution of stronger universality and stability distant at present
Feel detection method.For this problem, the embodiment of the present invention is intended to: making full use of remote sensing technology quick nondestructive monitoring advantage and agriculture
The mechanistic and universality advantage that model of gaining knowledge has makees information on object plane with remote sensing technology acquisition, using agronomy model
It realizes the vertical extension of canopy, establishes mechanistic strong and reliable crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution remote detecting method, realize
The high-precision remote sensing of crop different levels leaf nitrogen concentration, while the method is convenient in different remote sensing platforms and different spaces scale
Upper application has stronger practicability and universality.
Canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge, packet
Include following process:
Step 101: obtaining the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band.
In this step, according to preset need, crop canopies feux rouges, green light are obtained based on existing remote sensing platform and sensor
With the remote sensing reflective information of near infrared band.
Here, the preset need includes: the period for needing the crop area monitored, needing to monitor, and/or, to monitoring
As a result the requirement of spatial resolution.For example, a certain preset need are as follows: need to monitor winter wheat crop, 100 hectares of area, need
The growth period to be monitored is jointing to blooming, and time interval is no more than 5 days, and the spatial resolution requirements to monitoring result are
20m is hereinafter, then can obtain crop canopies feux rouges, green light and close red based on existing remote sensing platform and sensor according to the demand
The remote sensing reflective information of wave section.
Such as the optical image of domestic and international various space satellite observation platforms, visible light-near-infrared of aviation UAV observation
Remote sensing image, ground tower, vehicle platform and the observation of man portable's spectral reflectance etc..In practical application, according to crop monitoring face
Product, forecasting stage and to spatial resolution demand of monitoring result etc., the spatial and temporal resolution of remote sensing information needed for determining it
Afterwards, the data information for meeting and needing can be collected based on above-mentioned remote sensing platform.
Step 102: crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model is established according to agricultural knowledge.
In this step, need to establish crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model according to agricultural knowledge.Specifically, by
It is to regulate and control one of most effective factor of plant leaf blade photosynthetic capacity in nitrogen.On canopy scale, plant leaf blade nitrogen content vertical distribution
Difference is related with light distribution difference in canopy；On leaf scale, with maintain diphosphoribulose carboxylase (Rubisco) limitation
Balance between carbonation efficiency and the carbonation efficiency of electron-transport limitation is related.Plant canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution can be used and light
Form quantitative description as distributional class follows Beer law from the top of canopy downwards by the form of exponential decrease with accumulation blade face
The increase of product index (LAI) gradually decreases.It is specific as follows:
N=N0·exp(-K·LAI)
Wherein, N is dependent variable, i.e. nitrogen content at canopy depth location；LAI is independent variable, i.e., to hat at the top of canopy
Accumulation leaf area index at a certain depth location of layer；K is Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient, and value is bigger, indicates that nitrogen vertically divides
Cloth section is steeper, and different levels nitrogen content difference is bigger；Coefficient N0Nitrogen content when for LAI being 0, the i.e. nitrogen of canopy top vane
Content.Different times canopy of winter wheat leaf nitrogen vertical distribution and model description are as shown in Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 c under different water and fertilizer conditions.Inspection
It tests and shows that it is feasible for describing canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution using above-mentioned exponential decrease mode, and there is relatively high precision.
Step 103: according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using empirical statistics
Method, obtain canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K estimated value.
In this step, it is obtained and is preced with according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band first
Layer spectral vegetation indexes, then according to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy nitrogen
Empirical statistics relationship between vertical distribution COEFFICIENT K, obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K.
As it can be seen that the method that this step uses empirical statistics obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K.Wherein
Empirical model is the method being widely used in current Crop Information Remotely sensed acquisition.The method is mainly according to crop parameter and canopy
Empirical statistics relationship between spectral vegetation indexes (i.e. the mathematical combination of sensitive band reflectivity), the simple, precision with structure
The advantages that higher, convenient for application.Spectral vegetation indexes and canopy as derived from canopy near-infrared, feux rouges and green light band reflectivity
With the correlativity of highly significant between Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K, such as normalized site attenuation (NDVI), red green ratio
(vegetation index definition is seen below for vegetation index (RGVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), wide dynamic range vegetation index (WDRVI) etc.
Table 1).Winter wheat nitrogen content vertical distribution COEFFICIENT K and the statistical relationship of above-mentioned vegetation index are as shown in Figure 4 a- shown in Figure 4 d.It is based on
Above-mentioned statistical relationship can be with Remotely sensed acquisition parameter K information.Fig. 5 is shown vertically to be divided using the winter wheat nitrogen content that RGVI is extracted
Cloth values of factor K and measured value comparison result.Inspection shows that based on canopy spectra index Remotely sensed acquisition K value be feasible, and has
Higher precision.
The definition of 1 spectral vegetation indexes of table
In formula, Rnir、Rred、RgreenCrop canopies is respectively indicated in the anti-of near infrared band, red spectral band and green light band
Radiance rate value.
Step 104: according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using empirical statistics
Method, obtain canopy top vane nitrogen content N0Estimated value.
In this step, it is obtained and is preced with according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band first
Layer spectral vegetation indexes, then according to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy top
The nitrogen content N of blade0Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value.
As it can be seen that similar with above-mentioned steps, the method that this step also uses empirical statistics obtains the nitrogen of canopy top vane
Content N0Estimated value.Wherein canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution model parameter N0Indicate canopy top vane nitrogen content, it is close with canopy
Also have between spectral vegetation indexes (such as NDVI, RVI, WDRVI, RGVI) derived from infrared, feux rouges and green light band reflectivity
There is the correlation of highly significant.The nitrogen content N of canopy of winter wheat top vane0Statistical relationship with above-mentioned vegetation index is as schemed
Shown in 6a- Fig. 6 d.It can be with Remotely sensed acquisition parameter N based on above-mentioned statistical relationship0Information.It is small that Fig. 7 shows the winter extracted using RVI
The nitrogen content N of wheat canopy top vane0Value and measured value comparison result.Inspection shows based on canopy spectra index Remotely sensed acquisition N0
Value is feasible, and precision with higher.
Step 105: parameter K, N obtained according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model and remote sensing0Estimated value, obtain
Crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
In this step, canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model parameter K and N are extracted using remote sensing reflective information0It
Afterwards, canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution section is determined, in other words above-mentioned model N=N0The relationship of exp (- KLAI) is true
It is fixed, then the leaf N content information of crop different levels can be obtained.Under the conditions of the different disposal obtained using this method, it is different
The estimation result of breeding time canopy of winter wheat different levels leaf nitrogen concentration is as shown in Fig. 8 a- Fig. 8 c.Inspection shows and measured value ratio
More consistent, precision is relatively high.
By being described above it is found that the present invention passes through on the basis of fully considering technical solution feasibility and practicability
Remote sensing information and agronomy model are linked, crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution remote detecting method is proposed, there is stronger mechanism
Property and reliability, so as to based on be easier to obtain remotely-sensed data extract crop different levels blade nitrogen content.Examine knot
Fruit shows that the leaf of the crop canopies different levels under different times, different condition can be extracted using the method (see Fig. 8 a- Fig. 8 c)
Nitrogen concentration information, and precision with higher, universality and stability are stronger.Meanwhile the method is applicable to different remote sensing platforms
(star-machine-ground etc.) and different spaces scale (field-region etc.), should be according to crop monitoring area and specific need in practical application
It asks, the spatial and temporal resolution and collection mode of remotely-sensed data needed for determining.Since current China's nitrogenous fertilizer has excessive application, make
At huge waste and environmental pollution, and carry out the nitrogen vertical distribution remote sensing of crop canopies leaf for improving crop nitrogen remote sensing
Diagnostic accuracy improves crop production and management level, promotes Sustainable Development of Modern Agriculture, safeguards national food and ecological safety
It is of great significance.
It is visited another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of based on remote sensing information and the canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution of agricultural knowledge
Device is surveyed, referring to Fig. 9, which includes: the first acquisition module 91, establishes the acquisition of module 92, second module 93, third acquisition mould
Block 94 and the 4th obtains module 95；Wherein:
First obtains module 91, for obtaining the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
Module 92 is established, for establishing crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model according to agricultural knowledge:
N=N0·exp(-K·LAI)
Wherein, N is dependent variable, i.e. nitrogen content at canopy depth location；LAI is independent variable, i.e., to hat at the top of canopy
Accumulation leaf area index at a certain depth location of layer；K is Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient, and value is bigger, indicates that nitrogen vertically divides
Cloth section is steeper, and different levels nitrogen content difference is bigger；Coefficient N0Nitrogen content when for LAI being 0, the i.e. nitrogen of canopy top vane
Content；
Second acquisition module 93 is adopted for the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band
With the method for empirical statistics, the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K is obtained；
Third obtains module 94 and adopts for the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band
With the method for empirical statistics, the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane is obtained0Estimated value；
4th obtains module 95, for parameter K, N according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model and remote sensing acquisition0's
Estimated value obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
Further, the first acquisition module 91 is specifically used for:
According to preset need, crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near-infrared wave are obtained based on existing remote sensing platform and sensor
The remote sensing reflective information of section.
Further, the second acquisition module 93 is specifically used for:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
And according to the canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K it
Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K.
Further, the third obtains module 94 and is specifically used for:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
And according to the canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0
Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value.
Further, the canopy spectra vegetation index includes: normalized site attenuation NDVI, red green refers to than vegetation
Number RGVI, ratio vegetation index RVI and/or wide dynamic range vegetation index WDRVI.
Further, the 4th acquisition module 95 is specifically used for:
According to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model N=N0K, N that exp (- KLAI) and remote sensing obtain0Parameter is estimated
Evaluation obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
Canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution device provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge can
For executing the canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution side described in any of the above-described embodiment based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge
Method, technical principle is similar with technical effect, and details are not described herein again.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as term " on ", "lower" is base
In orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than indication or suggestion
Signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as to this
The limitation of invention.Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, example
Such as, it may be fixed connection or may be dismantle connection, or integral connection；It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected
It connects；It can be directly connected, the connection inside two elements can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary.For this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
It should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to one
Entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
There are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to contain
Lid non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are modified or replace
It changes, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution method based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge characterized by comprising
Obtain the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
Crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model is established according to agricultural knowledge:
N=N0·exp(-K·LAI)
Wherein, N is dependent variable, i.e. nitrogen content at canopy depth location；LAI is independent variable, i.e., to canopy at the top of canopy
Accumulation leaf area index at one depth location；K is Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient；Coefficient N0Nitrogen content when for LAI being 0, i.e.,
The nitrogen content of canopy top vane；
Hat is obtained using the method for empirical statistics according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band
The estimated value of layer Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K；
Hat is obtained using the method for empirical statistics according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band
The nitrogen content N of layer top vane0Estimated value；
K, the N obtained according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model and remote sensing0Estimates of parameters obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen and hangs down
Straight distributed intelligence；
Wherein, the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using the side of empirical statistics
Method obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K, comprising:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K it
Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K；
Wherein, the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using the side of empirical statistics
Method obtains the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value, comprising:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and the nitrogen content N of canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy top vane0It
Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near-infrared wave
The remote sensing reflective information of section, comprising:
According to preset need, crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band are obtained based on existing remote sensing platform and sensor
Remote sensing reflective information.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model
K, the N obtained with remote sensing0Estimates of parameters obtains crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information, comprising:
According to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model N=N0K, N that exp (- KLAI) and remote sensing obtain0Estimates of parameters,
Obtain crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
4. a kind of canopy leaf nitrogen detecting vertical distribution device based on remote sensing information and agricultural knowledge characterized by comprising
First obtains module, for obtaining the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
Module is established, for establishing crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model according to agricultural knowledge:
N=N0·exp(-K·LAI)
Wherein, N is dependent variable, i.e. nitrogen content at canopy depth location；LAI is independent variable, i.e., to canopy at the top of canopy
Accumulation leaf area index at one depth location；K is Vertical nitrogen distribution coefficient；Coefficient N0Nitrogen content when for LAI being 0, i.e.,
The nitrogen content of canopy top vane；
Second obtains module, for the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using experience
The method of statistics obtains the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K；
Third obtains module, for the remote sensing reflective information according to crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band, using experience
The method of statistics obtains the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value；
4th obtains module, for K, N according to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model and remote sensing acquisition0Estimates of parameters obtains
To crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information；
Wherein, the second acquisition module is specifically used for:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K it
Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the estimated value of canopy Vertical nitrogen distribution COEFFICIENT K；
Wherein, the third obtains module and is specifically used for:
Canopy spectra vegetation index is obtained according to the remote sensing reflective information of crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band；
According to the canopy spectra vegetation index of acquisition and the nitrogen content N of canopy spectra vegetation index and canopy top vane0It
Between empirical statistics relationship, obtain the nitrogen content N of canopy top vane0Estimated value.
5. device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the first acquisition module is specifically used for:
According to preset need, crop canopies feux rouges, green light and near infrared band are obtained based on existing remote sensing platform and sensor
Remote sensing reflective information.
6. device according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the 4th acquisition module is specifically used for:
According to canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution mathematical model N=N0K, N that exp (- KLAI) and remote sensing obtain0Estimates of parameters,
Obtain crop canopies leaf nitrogen vertical distribution information.
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| CN109444069A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-03-08 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of Nitrogen Nutrition of Paddy Rice Plant monitoring method based on UAV system active canopy sensor |
| CN109752487A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-05-14 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Wheat Leavess nitrogen content predictor method and device |
| CN110426491A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-08 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | The layered optical measurement method and device of one planting fruit-trees vertical structure |
| CN112763427B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-05-17 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Crop growth and fertilization diagnosis simulation method coupled with remote sensing nitrogen information |
| CN112785590B (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-09-13 | 河北地质大学 | Vegetation index calculation method based on double-difference normalization |
| CN113075251A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-07-06 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Sorghum waterlogging detection method |
| CN113125356A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-16 | 塔里木大学 | Red date tree canopy leaf nitrogen vertical distribution detection method based on remote sensing information and agronomic knowledge |
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