CN106524887A - Hall sensor displacement measurement method and device - Google Patents

Hall sensor displacement measurement method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106524887A
CN106524887A CN201510581992.6A CN201510581992A CN106524887A CN 106524887 A CN106524887 A CN 106524887A CN 201510581992 A CN201510581992 A CN 201510581992A CN 106524887 A CN106524887 A CN 106524887A
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displacement
measurand
current location
magnetic field
relative
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CN106524887B (en
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方伟荣
潘宾
李文涛
瞿佳
姜超
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a Hall sensor displacement measurement method and device. The method includes the following steps that: the magnetic field information of the current location of a measured object is measured, wherein the magnetic field information contains first magnetic field information and second magnetic field information; the displacement of the current location of the measured object with respect to a preset location is obtained according to the first magnetic field information; and the displacement of the current location of the measured object with respect to the preset location is corrected, so that the displacement of the current location of the measured object with respect to the preset location is obtained and is adopted as a measurement result. With the above method adopted, Hall sensor displacement measurement accuracy can be improved.

Description

Hall element measures the method and device of displacement
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to Hall-type position measurement technique field, more particularly to Hall element measurement position The method and device of shifting.
Background technology
Then there is Hall effect when existing perpendicular to the magnetic field of electric current, Hall effect is according to American Physical The naming of scholar Edwin Herbert Hall (1855-1938).In this case, magnetic field exists Not only the potential for being referred to as Hall voltage had been produced perpendicular to magnetic direction but also on the direction of the sense of current Difference.By measuring Hall voltage, it may be determined that the size of magnetic-field component.
In prior art, it is possible to use Hall element measures magnetic field angle, and then measures measurand position Move.Because having gap between the Hall element and the measurand, this is a kind of noncontact Displacement measurement mode, the size in the gap determines there is one by the assembly precision of measurand system Individual larger tolerance range.
But, so this may result in reducing the precision that Hall element measures displacement.
The content of the invention
The problem that the present invention is solved is to improve the precision that Hall element measures displacement.
For solving the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method that Hall element measures displacement, Methods described includes:
Magnetic Field of the measurement measurand in current location, the Magnetic Field include the magnetic field first information With the second information of magnetic field;
The current location of the measurand is obtained relative to predeterminated position according to the magnetic field first information Displacement;
The displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand is corrected, obtains described tested right Displacement of the current location of elephant relative to predeterminated position, and as measurement result.
Alternatively, the method that Hall element measures displacement, also includes:
The measurand is obtained relative to the displacement of predeterminated position according to the current location of the measurand In default second information in magnetic field of the current location;
The current location for correcting the measurand includes relative to the displacement of predeterminated position:According to survey The measurand for measuring current location the second information of magnetic field with the measurand in present bit The relation of the second information of default magnetic field put, corrects the current location of the measurand relative to default The displacement of position.
Alternatively, the magnetic field first information includes:Magnetic field angle of the measurand in current location.
Alternatively, the second information of the magnetic field includes:Magnetic field intensity of the measurand in current location.
Alternatively, displacement of the current location of the amendment measurand relative to predeterminated position, bag Include:By the current location of measurand described in penalty function amendment relative to predeterminated position displacement.
Alternatively, the penalty function includes following one of which:It is polynomial function, exponential function, right Number function.
Alternatively, displacement of the current location of the amendment measurand relative to predeterminated position, bag Include:By the current location of measurand described in linear function amendment relative to predeterminated position displacement.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the device that a kind of Hall element measures displacement, and described device includes:
Measuring unit, is suitable to measure Magnetic Field of the measurand in current location, the Magnetic Field bag Include the second information of the magnetic field first information and magnetic field;
First computing unit, the magnetic field first information for being suitable to the measurement according to the measuring unit are obtained Displacement of the current location of the measurand relative to predeterminated position;
Amending unit, be suitable to correct the current location of the measurand relative to predeterminated position displacement simultaneously The displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the revised measurand is obtained, as measurement knot Really.
Alternatively, Hall element measures the device of displacement, also includes:Second computing unit, is suitable to root The measurand is obtained according to the current location of the measurand relative to the first displacement of predeterminated position to exist Default second information in magnetic field of the current location;
The amending unit, is suitable to the magnetic field the in current location according to the measurand that obtains of measurement Two information correct described with the measurand in the relation of second information of default magnetic field of current location Displacement of the current location of measurand relative to predeterminated position.
Alternatively, the magnetic field first information includes:Magnetic field angle of the measurand in current location.
Alternatively, the second information of the magnetic field includes:Magnetic field intensity of the measurand in current location.
Alternatively, the amending unit, is suitable to the present bit by measurand described in penalty function amendment Put the displacement relative to predeterminated position.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme has advantages below:
The current location of the measurand is obtained relative to predeterminated position according to the magnetic field first information After displacement, the present bit of the revised measurand by being modified to the displacement, is obtained The displacement relative to predeterminated position is put as measurement result, the measurement result of the displacement can be avoided to be subject to The impact in the gap between Hall element and the measurand, such that it is able to improve Hall element survey The precision of amount displacement, and extra hardware need not be increased to the Hall element and the measurand, So that the structure of the Hall element and the measurand is easier, while also reducing into This.But also the size of induced magnet can be reduced, such that it is able to reduce the physical dimension of measurand.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of a scenario according to magnetic field angle displacement of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is another kind of schematic diagram of a scenario according to magnetic field angle displacement of the prior art;
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of the method for the Hall element measurement displacement in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of penalty function schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of the device of the Hall element measurement displacement in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the device of another kind of Hall element measurement displacement in the embodiment of the present invention Figure.
Specific embodiment
In prior art, the method for measuring displacement using Hall element is surveyed including according to magnetic field intensity Amount displacement and according to magnetic field angle measuring displacement both approaches.Wherein, according to magnetic field intensity measuring The method of displacement, including using a hall sensing element, judges the magnetic field intensity on a direction.Root According to magnetic field angle displacement, including using two Hall elements, the magnetic field intensity in both direction is measured Carry out calculating magnetic field angle.Compared according to the method for magnetic field angle displacement and displacement is measured according to magnetic field intensity Method for have more preferable precision.
However, in the occasion of batch production, the gap between Hall element and testee has very big Fluctuation range, the fluctuation range can affect Hall element to measure the precision of displacement.
Of the prior art a kind of schematic diagram of a scenario according to magnetic field angle displacement with reference to shown in Fig. 1 Illustrate.As shown in figure 1, the part that the scene includes is:Hall element 100 and sensing magnetic Ferrum 102.In being embodied as, measurand is become one with the induced magnet 102.101 is institute The gap between Hall element 100 and the induced magnet 102 is stated, also as Hall element 100 With the gap between the measurand.103 is the movement travel of induced magnet, is also just described tested right The movement travel of elephant.
Wherein, the Hall element 100 has been internally integrated two Hall elements, can perceive BXWith ByMagnetic field in both direction, the size such that it is able to obtain resultant magnetic field intensity are | B |, the synthesis magnetic Field intensity and ByAngle is α.The induced magnet 102, for producing induced field.Large quantities of In amount production process, the gap 101 is not a definite value, but has a tolerance range.
Below with reference to the another kind shown in Fig. 2 according to the schematic diagram of a scenario of magnetic field angle displacement specifically Impact of the tolerance range in the bright space 101 to the measurement result of displacement measurement.
If as shown in Fig. 2 define both direction, respectively X-axis and Y-axis.The wherein displacement of X-axis For needing the measurand of measurement relative to the displacement of predeterminated position, the displacement of Y-axis is the Hall Sensor and the induced magnet 102, the also gap between as described measurand.201 for it is described suddenly Benchmark event position between that sensor 100 and the induced magnet 102, as it was previously stated, between described Gap position has a domain of walker, and 202 is between the Hall element 100 and the induced magnet 102 Minimum gap location, 200 is maximum between the Hall element 100 and the induced magnet 102 Interstitial site, i.e., described interstitial site is in the minimum gap location 202 and the maximal clearance position 200 Between float.203 is displacement of the measurand relative to predeterminated position.3 points of a, b, c has identical The measurand relative to predeterminated position displacement 203, αa、αb、αcRespectively resultant magnetic field is Magnetic line of force direction and ByFormed angle, correspondingly, | Ba|、|Bb|、|Bc| for the conjunction at 3 points of a, b, c Into the size of magnetic field intensity.
Displacement S of the measurand relative to predeterminated position is measured using magnetic field angle α, it is possible to use such as Lower relational expression:S=f (α).Benchmark between the Hall element 100 and the induced magnet 102 Interstitial site 201, can demarcate the coefficient of f (α) by gathering multiple points, then just can be according to magnetic field The value of angle [alpha], calculates the value of f (α), so as to draw displacement of the measurand relative to predeterminated position The value of S.
Ideally, the Hall element should be described with the fixed interval (FI) of the induced magnet 102 Benchmark event position 201 between Hall element 100 and the induced magnet 102.The hall sensing Device is demarcated according to the benchmark event position 201, therefore in practical set, the Hall If sensor falls in the benchmark event position 201, the measurement of displacement is measured using the Hall element Precision is very high.If but because the deviation of practical set causes the Hall element with the induced magnet Interstitial site between 102 deviate from the benchmark event position 201, such as cause the Hall element With the interstitial site between the induced magnet 102 be the minimum gap location 202, then the displacement for measuring Accuracy error will be produced.And in different interstitial sites, because the value of magnetic field angle α can not Together, so the method for the measurement displacement will necessarily produce accuracy error.
Such as, 3 points shown of a, b, the c in Fig. 2 has measurand described in identical relative to default position The displacement 203 put, but be because between the Hall element of Y-direction and the induced magnet 102 Gap it is different, cause the magnetic field angle α of positiona、αb、αcAnd differ, as it was previously stated, If the relational expression according to S=f (α) draws value of the measurand relative to the displacement S of predeterminated position, institute Rheme moves actual displacements of the S with the measurand relative to predeterminated position accuracy error.But Cause
Can be obtained by analysis, the magnetic field angle α of 3 points of positions of a, b, ca、αb、αcIt is big Little relation is αabc, correspondingly, the resultant magnetic field intensity size at 3 points of described a, b, c is closed It is to be | Ba|<|Bb|<|Bc|.As can be seen here, the Hall element can be compensated using magnitude of field intensity The magnetic field angle deviation brought with the tolerance clearance between the induced magnet 102.
For in prior art, the precision of Hall element measurement displacement is subject to Hall element and tested right The impact of the tolerance clearance as between and the problem that reduces.Pass there is provided a kind of Hall in the embodiment of the present invention The method that sensor measures displacement, i.e., obtain the present bit of the measurand according to the magnetic field first information After putting the displacement relative to predeterminated position, by being modified to the displacement, revised institute is obtained The displacement that the current location of measurand is stated relative to predeterminated position can be avoided described as measurement result The measurement result of displacement is affected by the gap between Hall element and the measurand, so as to can To improve the precision that Hall element measures displacement, and need not be to the Hall element and described tested right As increasing extra hardware, so that the structure of the Hall element and the measurand is simpler Just, while also reducing cost.But also the size of induced magnet can be reduced, such that it is able to reduce quilt Survey the physical dimension of object.
It is understandable for enabling the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent from, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 3 shows the method that a kind of Hall element in the embodiment of the present invention measures displacement, from Fig. 1 As can be seen that methods described can include following 3 steps:
S301:Magnetic Field of the measurement measurand in current location, the Magnetic Field include magnetic field the The second information of one information and magnetic field.
In being embodied as, if measuring position of the current location relative to predeterminated position using Hall element The method of shifting, can measure Magnetic Field of the measurand in current location, and the Magnetic Field includes magnetic Field the second information of the first information and magnetic field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field first information includes:Measurand is in current location Magnetic field angle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second information of the magnetic field includes:Measurand is in current location Magnetic field intensity.
S302:The current location of the measurand is obtained relative to default according to the magnetic field first information The displacement of position.
In being embodied as, the present bit of the measurand can be obtained according to the magnetic field first information Put the displacement relative to predeterminated position.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the measurand can be obtained according to the magnetic field angle in the magnetic field Current location relative to predeterminated position displacement.
For example, if in step S301, two Hall elements of Hall element are measured tested respectively Magnetic field intensity of the object in both direction X and Y be | Bx|=3T and | By|=4T, then the measurand exist The resultant magnetic field intensity size of current location is | BSurvey|=5T, magnetic field angle α=53 °.Then in step S302 In the current location of the measurand according to magnetic field angle α=53 ° of the resultant magnetic field, can be obtained Relative to the displacement S of predeterminated position1=f (α).
S303:The displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand is corrected, obtains described Displacement of the current location of measurand relative to predeterminated position, and as measurement result.
In being embodied as, the position of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand can be corrected Move, obtain the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand, and as measurement result.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can be according to the current location of the measurand relative to default position Magnetic field default second information of the displacement acquisition measurand put in the current location, and according to The measurand that obtains of measurement current location the second information of magnetic field with the measurand current The relation of second information of default magnetic field of position, corrects the current location of the measurand relative to pre- The displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand if the displacement of position, is obtained, and is made For measurement result.
For example, can according to the current location of the measurand relative to predeterminated position displacement S1=f (α) Obtaining magnetic field default magnitude of field intensity of the measurand in the current location is | BIn advance|=4T, and According to the measurand that obtains of measurement current location magnitude of field intensity | BSurvey|=5T and the quilt Survey default magnitude of field intensity of the object in current location | BIn advance| the relation between=4T, correct described tested Displacement S of the current location of object relative to predeterminated position1=f (α), obtains revised described tested right Displacement S of the current location of elephant relative to predeterminated position, and using S as the measurand displacement measurement As a result.
In being embodied as, can by the current location of measurand described in penalty function amendment relative to The displacement of predeterminated position.
In being embodied as, the penalty function includes following one of which:Polynomial function, index letter Number, logarithmic function.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can be by the current location of measurand described in linear function amendment Relative to the displacement of predeterminated position.
For example, penalty function COMP (B, S can be passed through1) the amendment measurand current location Relative to the displacement S of predeterminated position1=f (α), obtains the current location phase of the revised measurand For the displacement S=S of predeterminated position1+ COMP (B, S1), and using S as the measurand position Shift measurement result.Wherein, penalty function COMP (B, the S1) can be polynomial function, index One of them in function, logarithmic function.
In an embodiment of the present invention, penalty function COMP (B, the S1)=K* (| BSurvey|-|BIn advance|)。 Penalty function COMP (B, S can be passed through1)=K* (| BSurvey|-|BIn advance|) the amendment displacement S1=f (α), Obtain the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the revised measurand:S=S1+K*(|BSurvey|-|BIn advance|), and using S as displacement measurement.The journey of compensation is adjusted by the size of regulation coefficient K Degree, the size of the COEFFICIENT K occurrence can pass through Theoretical Calculation or do experiment determination, the coefficient K is constant.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of penalty function figure in the embodiment of the present invention.Below in conjunction with Fig. 4 and Fig. 2, in detail It is thin to introduce the process for compensating displacement in an embodiment of the present invention by penalty function.As shown in figure 4, On the basis of the interstitial site of the Hall element during interstitial site 201, with the measurand relative to The displacement S of predeterminated position is abscissa X, and the unit of the displacement S is millimeter (mm);Respectively with institute It is vertical coordinate Y to state magnetic field angle α and default magnetic field intensity | B |, and the magnetic field angle α and default magnetic field are strong The unit of degree | B | respectively spends (°) and milli tesla (mT).
Assume the magnetic field angle α and default magnetic field intensity | B | with the measurand relative to predeterminated position Displacement S there is the relation represented by relation curve 300 and 302 as shown in Figure 4.First by magnetic field Angle [alpha] curve 300 and magnetic field intensity | B | curves 302 linearly turn to curve 301 and curve 303 respectively.Point Not Ding Yi curve 301 be function S1=f (α), curve 303 are function | BIn advance|=g (S1)。
When benchmark event position 201 is demarcated, using linearizing method storage tape intensity, , that is, there is S in angle information1=f (α) and | BIn advance|=g (S1) two functions.During actually detected displacement, Magnetic field angle α of the measurand in the current location being located is measured first, then according to the magnetic field Angle [alpha] simultaneously utilizes function S1=f (α) calculates the current location of the measurand relative to predeterminated position Displacement S1.Afterwards to the current location of the measurand relative to predeterminated position displacement S1Carry out as follows Relational expression is compensated, S=S1+ COMP (B, S1)。
Wherein COMP (B, S1)=K* (| BSurvey|-|g(S1) |), | BSurvey| for the big of current resultant magnetic field intensity It is little, g (S1) curve 303 is, represent the resultant magnetic field intensity size of calibration position.The size of COEFFICIENT K The degree of compensation can be adjusted, the size of occurrence with Theoretical Calculation or can be done experiment and determine.K also may be used With not as constant, such as can for displacement linear function, now equivalent to penalty function COMP (| B |, S1) from S1Function of first order enter to turn to multi-order function.
By obtaining the current location of the measurand according to the magnetic field first information relative to default position After the displacement put, and the displacement is modified, obtains the current of the revised measurand Displacement of the position relative to predeterminated position, and as measurement result.The measurement of the displacement can be avoided to tie Fruit is affected by the gap between Hall element and the measurand, such that it is able to improve Hall biography Sensor measures the precision of displacement.
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand and realize the present invention, in the embodiment of the present invention also There is provided corresponding information processor.Referring to the drawings, carried out by specific embodiment detailed Explanation.
Fig. 5 shows that a kind of Hall element in the embodiment of the present invention measures the device 500 of displacement, described Device 500 includes:Measuring unit 501, the first computing unit 502 and amending unit 503, wherein:
The measuring unit 501, is suitable to measure Magnetic Field of the measurand in current location, the magnetic field Information includes the second information of the magnetic field first information and magnetic field;
First computing unit 502, is suitable to the magnetic field first information according to measuring unit measurement Obtain the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand;
The amending unit 503, is suitable to correct the current location of the measurand relative to predeterminated position Displacement simultaneously obtains the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the revised measurand, as Measurement result.
In being embodied as, the magnetic field first information includes:Magnetic field angle of the measurand in current location Degree.
In being embodied as, the second information of the magnetic field includes:Measurand is strong in the magnetic field of current location Degree.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the amending unit 503, is suitable to by quilt described in penalty function amendment The displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of object is surveyed, the penalty function includes following one of which: Polynomial function, exponential function, logarithmic function.For example, the amending unit can pass through linear function Correct the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand.
Fig. 6 shows that another kind of Hall element in the embodiment of the present invention measures the device 600 of displacement, with The device 500 illustrated in Fig. 5 is compared, and except the measuring unit 501, the first computing unit 502 and is repaiied Outside positive unit 503, the device 600 of the Hall element measurement displacement can also include:Second calculates Unit 601.
Described second calculates single 601 is suitable to according to the current location of the measurand relative to predeterminated position The first displacement obtain default second information in magnetic field of the measurand in the current location.
The amending unit 503, is suitable to the magnetic field in current location according to the measurand that obtains of measurement Second information corrects institute with the measurand in the relation of second information of default magnetic field of current location State the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of measurand.
The magnetic field first information measured according to the measuring unit 501 by first computing unit 502 After the current location for obtaining the measurand is calculated relative to the displacement of predeterminated position, the amendment is single Unit 503 again the displacement is modified and obtain the revised measurand current location it is relative In the displacement of predeterminated position, as measurement result.The measurement result of the displacement can be avoided to be subject to Hall The impact in the gap between sensor and the measurand, such that it is able to improve Hall element measurement position The precision of shifting.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment Suddenly can be by program to instruct the hardware of correlation to complete, the program can be stored in can with computer Read in storage medium, storage medium can include:ROM, RAM, disk or CD etc..
Although present disclosure is as above, the present invention is not limited to this.Any those skilled in the art, Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various changes or modifications, therefore the guarantor of the present invention Shield scope should be defined by claim limited range.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of method that Hall element measures displacement, it is characterised in that include:
Measurement measurand current location Magnetic Field, the Magnetic Field include the magnetic field first information and The second information of magnetic field;
The position of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand is obtained according to the magnetic field first information Move;
The displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand is corrected, the measurand is obtained Current location relative to predeterminated position displacement, and as measurement result.
2. the method that Hall element according to claim 1 measures displacement, it is characterised in that also include:
The measurand is obtained according to the current location of the measurand relative to the displacement of predeterminated position to exist Default second information in magnetic field of the current location;
The current location for correcting the measurand includes relative to the displacement of predeterminated position:According to measurement The measurand for obtaining current location the second information of magnetic field with the measurand in present bit The relation of the second information of default magnetic field put, corrects the current location of the measurand relative to pre- If the displacement of position.
3. the method that Hall element according to claim 1 measures displacement, it is characterised in that the magnetic The field first information includes:Magnetic field angle of the measurand in current location.
4. the method that Hall element according to claim 1 measures displacement, it is characterised in that the magnetic The second information of field includes:Magnetic field intensity of the measurand in current location.
5. the method that Hall element according to claim 1 measures displacement, it is characterised in that described to repair Displacement of the current location of just described measurand relative to predeterminated position, including:By penalty function Correct the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand.
6. the method that Hall element according to claim 5 measures displacement, it is characterised in that the benefit Repaying function includes following one of which:Polynomial function, exponential function, logarithmic function.
7. the method that Hall element according to claim 6 measures displacement, it is characterised in that described to repair Displacement of the current location of just described measurand relative to predeterminated position, including:By linear function Correct the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of the measurand.
8. a kind of Hall element measures the device of displacement, it is characterised in that include: Measuring unit, is suitable to measure Magnetic Field of the measurand in current location, and the Magnetic Field includes The second information of the magnetic field first information and magnetic field;
First computing unit, the magnetic field first information for being suitable to the measurement according to the measuring unit obtain institute State the displacement of the current location relative to predeterminated position of measurand;
Amending unit, be suitable to correct the current location of the measurand relative to the displacement of predeterminated position and Tie as measurement relative to the displacement of predeterminated position current location to the revised measurand Really.
9. Hall element according to claim 8 measures the device of displacement, it is characterised in that also include: Second computing unit, is suitable to according to the current location of the measurand relative to the first of predeterminated position Displacement obtains magnetic field default second information of the measurand in the current location;
The amending unit, is suitable to the magnetic field second in current location according to the measurand that obtains of measurement Information corrects described with the measurand in the relation of second information of default magnetic field of current location Displacement of the current location of measurand relative to predeterminated position.
10. Hall element according to claim 8 measures the device of displacement, it is characterised in that the magnetic The field first information includes:Magnetic field angle of the measurand in current location.
11. Hall elements according to claim 8 measure the device of displacement, it is characterised in that the magnetic The second information of field includes:Magnetic field intensity of the measurand in current location.
12. Hall elements according to claim 8 measure the device of displacement, it is characterised in that described to repair Positive unit, is suitable to by the current location of measurand described in penalty function amendment relative to predeterminated position Displacement.
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