CN106523071B - The exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine follows automatically - Google Patents

The exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine follows automatically Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106523071B
CN106523071B CN201611076079.1A CN201611076079A CN106523071B CN 106523071 B CN106523071 B CN 106523071B CN 201611076079 A CN201611076079 A CN 201611076079A CN 106523071 B CN106523071 B CN 106523071B
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China
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resonant cavity
pipeline
circular hole
combustion engine
cylinder
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CN106523071A (en
Inventor
翁泽宇
余来娟
胡世鸣
王喆
卢波
游红武
胡夏夏
刘红
丁红钢
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance

Abstract

The exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine follows automatically, including the first resonant cavity 21 that one outside a segment pipe 1 and pipeline 1 is closed, it is characterized by: the first circular hole 13 is provided on the wall surface of the pipeline 1, the inner cavity of 13 connecting pipe 1 of the first circular hole and the first resonant cavity 21;The inner wall opposite with first circular hole 13 of pipeline 1 is equipped with the first cylinder 11, and the first cylinder 11 protrudes into the first circular hole 13;The coefficient of expansion of material used in first cylinder 11 is less than the coefficient of expansion of material used in pipeline 1 and the first resonant cavity 21.

Description

The exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine follows automatically
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exhaust silencer for internal-combustion engine.
Technical background
Internal combustion engine is widely used as power in engineering machinery and vehicle, in recent years, vibration noise of the people for internal combustion engine The requirement of control is also increasingly stringenter, and noise control has been increasingly becoming the technical barrier that Related product enters market.Internal combustion engine Total noise of centrifuge is mainly derived from the exhaust noise of engine, and reducing the most common method of exhaust noise is the exhaust pipe in engine Exhaust silencer is installed, exhaust silencer can allow air-flow to pass through and or decrease sound in road system It can propagate outward, be the simple and effective method of one kind for controlling exhaust noise.It has been obtained in noise control engineering extensive Using.There are many silencer type, can be divided into dissipative muffler, reactive muffler, impedance complex formula according to noise-cancelling theory and structure Silencer three classes.Reactive muffler can be divided into expansion muffler and RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER, and RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER is to utilize resonance The impedance of structure causes the reflection of sound wave and eliminates the noise.It is made of aperture plate and resonant cavity, and the diameter of aperture is φ d, hole The effective length of neck is Lk, the volume of resonant cavity is V, velocity of sound c, and structure is as shown in Figure 1.
The noise elimination mechanism of RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER: the pipeline and pipe that RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER is provided with several apertures by one section are one outer Closed cavity is formed, and pipeline is connected with cavity by aperture.Aperture and cavity form a cavity vibration system, work as gas When the resonant frequency of the acoustic wave frequency and resonant cavity vibration system of stream is close, system can resonate, certain matter in aperture pore-throat The air column flowing velocity of amount is accelerated, and frictional resistance increases, and a large amount of sound can be converted into thermal energy and consume, to reach noise elimination Purpose.The resonant frequency of RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER can be calculated by formula:
F in formula0--- resonance cavity resonant frequency;
C --- the velocity of sound;
S0--- orifice cross sectional area;
V --- resonant cavity volume;
Lk--- the effective length of pore-throat.
By formula (1) it is found that each resonant structure has certain resonant frequency, this resonant frequency is by orifice cross sectional Area, resonant cavity volume, the effective length of pore-throat determined, thus structural parameters it is certain RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER resonant frequency it is logical It is often specifically, sound deadening capacity is higher near resonant frequency, and noise elimination effect is good, when noise frequency differs larger with resonant frequency When, sound deadening capacity sharply declines, and noise elimination effect is poor, and the acoustic characteristics of resonance exhaust silencer are as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 2, RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER has the characteristics that frequency selectivity is strong, is typically only capable to meet internal combustion engine a certain kind Noise elimination requirement under operating condition, but using internal combustion engine as in the criterion for noise control of the engineering machinery of power and vehicle, or it is related In the test and measurement of noise control specification, idling and high speed are often most important two kinds of tests and measurement and the work evaluated Condition.For internal combustion engine under idling and high-speed working condition, the main frequency of noise is not identical, so that using the exhaust of structure of resonant cavity Silencer, which can not be taken into account, meets internal combustion engine noise elimination requirement under idling and at a high speed both operating conditions.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to overcome the prior art only near its resonant frequency lower noise elimination effect it is good, can only be under specific operation The shortcomings that effectively eliminating the noise, provides a kind of exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine follows automatically, can have under two kinds of operating conditions Good acoustic attenuation performance.
As engine conditions are different, silencer of the invention can respectively correspond different resonant frequencies, can take into account Meet to eliminate the noise under idling and at a high speed both operating conditions and require, is able to solve existing RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER only to making an uproar under a kind of operating condition The problem of sound can effectively eliminate the noise.
The exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine of the invention follows automatically, including one outside a segment pipe 1 and pipeline 1 The first closed resonant cavity 21, it is characterised in that: the first circular hole 13 is provided on the wall surface of the pipeline 1, the first circular hole 13 connects Thread a pipe 1 inner cavity and the first resonant cavity 21;The inner wall opposite with first circular hole 13 of pipeline 1 is equipped with the first cylinder 11, the first cylinder 11 protrudes into the first circular hole 13;The coefficient of expansion of material used in first cylinder 11 is less than pipeline 1 and the first resonance The coefficient of expansion of material used in chamber 21.
Further, it is equipped with the second resonant cavity 22 relative to the side of the first resonant cavity 21 on the pipeline 1, it is described The second circular hole 14, the inner cavity of 14 connecting pipe 1 of the second circular hole and the second resonant cavity 22 are provided on the wall surface of pipeline 1;Pipeline 1 with The opposite inner wall of second circular hole 14 is equipped with the second cylinder 12, and the second cylinder 12 protrudes into the second 14 holes of circle;Second cylinder The linear expansion coefficient of material used in 12 is less than the linear expansion coefficient of material used in pipeline 1 and the second resonant cavity 22.
Preferably, the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are using the lesser quartz material manufacture of linear expansion coefficient, 1 He of pipeline First resonant cavity 21, the second resonant cavity 22 are using the biggish aluminum alloy materials manufacture of linear expansion coefficient.
Silencer of the invention selects the material of specific linear expansion coefficient, and reasonable design in silencer manufacture material The structure of resonant cavity parameter of silencer.For internal combustion engine under idling and high-speed working condition, the difference of delivery temperature leads to the work of silencer Make that temperature is also different, due to the thermal deformation of material, vary widely the effective length Lk of pore-throat and orifice cross sectional area S0, It is also changed correspondingly, is respectively corresponded two different total under idling and high-speed working condition according to the resonant frequency of formula (1) silencer Vibration frequency, so that internal combustion engine can meet the requirement for reducing exhaust noise under idling and at a high speed both operating conditions.
RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER in the present invention is a kind of simple silencer of structure, and internal combustion engine is under idling operation, temperature Lower, the effective length of resonance exhaust silencer pore-throat is larger, orifice cross sectional area is smaller, and corresponding resonant frequency is small;Internal combustion engine exists Under high-speed working condition, temperature is higher, since thermal deformation phenomenon occurs for silencer material, makes some knots for influencing silencer resonant frequency Structure parameter size is changed, and wherein the effective length of resonance exhaust silencer pore-throat is smaller, orifice cross sectional area is larger, by formula (1) show that resonant frequency increases, to realize the noise elimination function followed automatically under two operating condition of internal combustion engine.
The I. C. engine exhaust RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER that the present invention designs respectively corresponds different as engine conditions are different Resonant frequency, solving the problems, such as existing RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER, only the noise elimination effect under a kind of operating condition is good.
On RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER of the present invention manufactures and designs, according to internal combustion engine under different operating conditions, the work temperature of silencer Degree is different, using the thermal expansion character of material, makes the structure of silencer resonant cavity that thermal deformation to some extent, resonant cavity knot occur The size of structure parameter is changed, and resonant frequency size is finally taken into account also with variation and meets internal combustion engine in idling and high speed It eliminates the noise and requires under both operating conditions, realize the noise elimination function followed automatically under two operating condition of internal combustion engine.
The invention has the advantages that the usual resonant frequency of exhaust silencer for internal-combustion engine that general structure is fixed is specifically, no It can take into account to meet to eliminate the noise under idling and at a high speed both operating conditions and require.Exhaust silencer for internal-combustion engine of the invention, utilizes internal combustion engine Idling with high speed the delivery temperature of both operating conditions it is different, correspondingly the operating temperature of silencer also there are two types of, due to manufacture disappear The thermal deformation of sound equipment material is different, changes the size of structure of resonant cavity parameter, the resonance frequency of system known to formula (1) Rate also there are two types of, so internal combustion engine idling and high speed two kinds of operating conditions under have two different resonant frequencies, can be realized There is preferable acoustic attenuation performance under two kinds of operating conditions.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is existing resonance exhaust silencer;
Fig. 2 is the acoustic characteristics schematic diagram of existing resonance exhaust silencer;
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 4 is acoustic characteristics schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The exhaust silencer followed automatically referring to Fig. 3,4 pairs of two operating conditions of inventive combustion engine is described further.
The exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine of the invention follows automatically, including one outside a segment pipe 1 and pipeline 1 The first closed resonant cavity 21.Be provided with the first circular hole 13 on the wall surface of the pipeline 1,13 connecting pipe 1 of the first circular hole it is interior Chamber and the first resonant cavity 21;The inner wall opposite with first circular hole 13 of pipeline 1 is equipped with the first cylinder 11, the first cylinder 11 protrude into the first circular hole 13;The coefficient of expansion of material used in first cylinder 11 is less than used in pipeline 1 and the first resonant cavity 21 The coefficient of expansion of material.
It is equipped with the second resonant cavity 22 relative to the side of the first resonant cavity 21 on the pipeline 1, the pipeline 1 The second circular hole 14, the inner cavity of 14 connecting pipe 1 of the second circular hole and the second resonant cavity 22 are provided on wall surface;Pipeline 1 with it is described The opposite inner wall of second circular hole 14 is equipped with the second cylinder 12, and the second cylinder 12 protrudes into the second circular hole 14;Used in second cylinder 12 The linear expansion coefficient of material be less than the linear expansion coefficient of material used in pipeline 1 and the second resonant cavity 22.
Using the lesser quartz material manufacture of linear expansion coefficient, pipeline 1 and first is total to for first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 Chamber 21, the second resonant cavity 22 shake using the biggish aluminum alloy materials manufacture of linear expansion coefficient.
When certain internal combustion engine, according to actual measurement: under idling operation, the most important noise frequency of exhaust noise is about 178Hz, the operating temperature of exhaust silencer are about 97 DEG C;Under high-speed working condition, the most important noise frequency of exhaust noise is about 270Hz, the operating temperature of exhaust silencer are about 270 DEG C.
The present embodiment adds a structure of resonant cavity, the inner tube of resonant cavity on the basis of the internal combustion engine original silencer Circular hole is opened on road, and (appropriate depth in circular hole is protruded into one end of cylindrical body to the small cylindrical body of installation thermal expansion coefficient, circle in pipe The other end of cylinder is fixed on interior conduit).The resonance chamber enclosure and interior conduit that silencer is added using linear expansion coefficient compared with Big material manufactures, the material manufacture that the cylindrical body in pipeline selects linear expansion coefficient minimum.
When certain internal combustion engine works under idling operation, certain depth in the circular hole on interior conduit is protruded into one end of cylindrical body at this time At degree, the effective cross-sectional area S0 in hole gap is smaller between circular hole and cylindrical body, and the effective length Lk of pore-throat is larger, according to formula (1) it is found that the resonant frequency of exhaust silencer is smaller under idling operation;Under high-speed working condition, the operating temperature of exhaust silencer It increases, relatively significantly dilatancy is occurred using the resonance chamber enclosure and interior conduit of the biggish material manufacture of linear expansion coefficient, at this time One end is fixed on the cylindrical body on interior conduit and exits circular hole with the thermal expansion of interior conduit, subtracts the effective length Lk of small pore-throat It is small, while the effective cross-sectional area S0 of hole increases because of the thermal expansion deformation of interior conduit between circular hole and cylindrical body, by formula (1) It is found that the resonant frequency of exhaust silencer increases under high-speed working condition.The work of internal combustion engine silencer under two different operating conditions Temperature is different, using the thermal expansion character of material, makes the structure of silencer resonant cavity that thermal deformation to some extent occur, changes The size of structure of resonant cavity parameter, by system known to formula (1) resonant frequency also there are two types of, so internal combustion engine is in idling and high speed Two different resonant frequencies are had under two kinds of operating conditions, realize the noise elimination function followed automatically under two operating condition of internal combustion engine.
The resonance chamber enclosure and interior conduit for the exhaust silencer that the present invention designs are all made of the biggish aluminium of linear expansion coefficient and close Golden material manufactures, the quartz material manufacture that the cylindrical body in pipeline selects linear expansion coefficient minimum, the interior conduit at 20 DEG C of room temperature On Circularhole diameter φ d be 10.00mm, being mounted on cylinder diameter φ d in pipe is 9.50mm, thickness of pipe wall 1.00mm, such as Shown in Fig. 3.The resonant frequency calculating of this RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER theoretically should comply with formula (1), but due to the circle on interior conduit The effective cross-sectional area S0 of hole and the effective length Lk of hole are difficult accurately to describe between hole and cylindrical body so that this is total The resonant frequency of vibration chamber silencer will carry out calculating using formula (1) having very big difficulty, and excessively simplification can also generate larger Error.Acoustics simulation calculation is carried out here, acoustics finite element emulation software can be used and calculate, to obtain the RESONANT CAVITY MUFFLER Resonant frequency.According to idling for internal combustion engine working condition, silencer delivery temperature is 97 DEG C, by the biggish aluminium of linear expansion coefficient Thermal deformation occurs for the interior conduit and resonance chamber enclosure of alloy material manufacture, and the Circularhole diameter φ d on interior conduit is 10.02mm, circle Cylinder protrudes into circular hole at 0.14mm, and the cylindrical body being mounted in pipe is the quartz material manufacture minimum by linear expansion coefficient, several There is no thermal deformations, so cylinder diameter φ d is still 9.50mm, the thermal deformation of interior conduit causes cylindrical body to protrude into inner tube On road in circular hole at 0.07mm, calculating resonant frequency with acoustics finite element emulation software is 178Hz;According to internal combustion engine high speed Working condition, silencer delivery temperature are 270 DEG C, and thermal deformation occurs for the big interior conduit of linear expansion coefficient and resonance chamber enclosure, Circularhole diameter φ d on interior conduit is 10.05mm, the minimum quartz cylinder of linear expansion coefficient almost without thermal deformation occurs, So cylinder diameter φ d is still 9.50mm, at this point, the thermal deformation of interior conduit causes cylindrical body to exit circular hole on interior conduit, circle Distance is 0.43mm between hole and cylindrical body, and calculating its resonant frequency with acoustics finite element emulation software is 270Hz, idling and The resonance exhaust silencer acoustic characteristics curve of the acoustics finite element simulation under two kinds of operating conditions is as shown in figure 4, peak of curve is corresponding at a high speed Frequency be certain exhaust silencer for internal-combustion engine resonant frequency.The different operating conditions of internal combustion engine, using the thermal expansion character of material, Make the structure of silencer resonant cavity that thermal deformation to some extent occur, the size of structure of resonant cavity parameter is changed, and is made interior Combustion engine exhaust silencer under two different operating conditions there are two types of different resonant frequencies, respectively with certain internal combustion engine in idling and The main noise frequency for the exhaust noise surveyed under high-speed working condition is close, realizes that is followed automatically under two operating condition of internal combustion engine disappears Sound function, the criteria of noise control being able to satisfy under two operating condition of internal combustion engine.(during acoustics finite element simulation, in order to consider temperature The influence to velocity of sound size is spent, velocity of sound size is by C under different temperatures0(t DEG C)=331.5+0.6t1 can be obtained, under idling operation, The temperature of exhaust silencer is 97 DEG C, velocity of sound 390.67m/s;Under high-speed working condition, the temperature of exhaust silencer is 270 DEG C, The velocity of sound is 496.2m/s).
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating to the way of realization of inventive concept, protection of the invention Range should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and protection scope of the present invention is also and in art technology Personnel conceive according to the present invention it is conceivable that equivalent technologies mean.

Claims (3)

1. the exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine follows automatically, closed including one of a segment pipe (1) and pipeline (1) outside First resonant cavity (21), it is characterised in that: be provided with the first circular hole (13) on the wall surface of the pipeline (1), the first circular hole (13) The inner cavity of connecting pipe (1) and the first resonant cavity (21);It is set on the inner wall opposite with first circular hole (13) of pipeline (1) Have the first cylinder (11), the first cylinder (11) protrudes into the first circular hole (13);The coefficient of expansion of material used in first cylinder (11) Less than the coefficient of expansion of material used in pipeline (1) and the first resonant cavity (21).
2. the exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine as described in claim 1 follows automatically, it is characterised in that: in the pipe The second resonant cavity (22) are equipped with relative to the side of the first resonant cavity (21) on road (1), are provided on the wall surface of the pipeline (1) Second circular hole (14), the inner cavity of the second circular hole (14) connecting pipe (1) and the second resonant cavity (22);Pipeline (1) with it is described The opposite inner wall of second circular hole (14) is equipped with the second cylinder (12), and the second cylinder (12) protrudes into the second circular hole (14);Second circle The line that the linear expansion coefficient of material used in column (12) is less than material used in pipeline (1) and the second resonant cavity (22) expands system Number.
3. the exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 follows automatically, it is characterised in that: the first cylinder (11) with the second cylinder (12) using linear expansion coefficient lesser quartz material manufacture, pipeline (1) and the first resonant cavity (21), the Two resonant cavities (22) are using the biggish aluminum alloy materials manufacture of linear expansion coefficient.
CN201611076079.1A 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 The exhaust silencer that two operating condition of internal combustion engine follows automatically Active CN106523071B (en)

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110985164B (en) * 2019-11-19 2023-05-26 华侨大学 Vibration-damping heat-insulating muffler
CN113294223B (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-06-24 金华欧仑催化科技有限公司 Exhaust silencer with automatic following under two working conditions of internal combustion engine

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1253748A (en) * 1959-04-10 1961-02-10 Sulzer Ag Resonator
CN204436550U (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-07-01 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 A kind of tailpipe and vehicle
CN105863784A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-08-17 隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司 Enhancement type silencer
CN206280124U (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-06-27 浙江工业大学 The exhaust silencer that the operating mode of internal combustion engine two is followed automatically

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014007986U1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-01-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) silencer

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1253748A (en) * 1959-04-10 1961-02-10 Sulzer Ag Resonator
CN204436550U (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-07-01 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 A kind of tailpipe and vehicle
CN105863784A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-08-17 隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司 Enhancement type silencer
CN206280124U (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-06-27 浙江工业大学 The exhaust silencer that the operating mode of internal combustion engine two is followed automatically

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