CN106520224A - 生物燃料组合物 - Google Patents

生物燃料组合物 Download PDF

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CN106520224A
CN106520224A CN201611083476.1A CN201611083476A CN106520224A CN 106520224 A CN106520224 A CN 106520224A CN 201611083476 A CN201611083476 A CN 201611083476A CN 106520224 A CN106520224 A CN 106520224A
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蒙呈星
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Guangxi Tonki Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于燃料技术领域，特别涉及生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：醇类28～48份，菜籽油25～45份，助燃剂0.1～0.9份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.1～0.8份，2,2,3‑三甲基丁烷0.01～0.5份，1‑辛基‑3‑甲基溴化咪唑0.02～0.3份，磷酸三丁酯0.03～0.2份。本发明的生物燃料组合物原料协同作用，克服一般生物燃料成本高，热值低，着火和冷启动难等问题，且尾气排放量低。

Description

生物燃料组合物
技术领域
本发明属于燃料技术领域，特别涉及生物燃料组合物。
背景技术
目前，石油资源日趋紧张，价格不断上涨，种种迹象表明低油价的时代可能一去不复返。为缓解石油供应紧张和环境污染问题，引发了一场以替代石油能源为目的的可再生能源风潮，从燃料乙醇到光伏太阳能，再到生物柴油，无不受到了世界各主要国家的热切关注。鉴于石油燃油供应的紧张局面和庞大的市场需求，开发安全、高效、清洁、环保的优质替代燃料已成为新能源发展的必然趋势。
近年来，作为柴油发动机用燃料，生物柴油燃料(BDF)受到注目。该生物柴油燃料通过甲酯法将动植物油改质而燃料化。通过甲酯法降低动植物油的燃点，或降低动粘度，改善燃料喷射特性，由此可以适用于现有的柴油发动机。但是，在通过甲酯法改质动植物油而将其燃料化的情况下，存在下面这样的问题：(1)使动植物油和甲醇进行化学反应而将其燃料化，包括改质处理需要的设备成本在内改质处理成本高，比轻油贵；(2)作为副生成物生成甘油，其处理也需要花费工夫和成本；另外，由于这样产生副生成物，所以从动植物油得到的生物柴油燃料的产量；(3)由于是脱甘油处理，所以得到的生物柴油燃料的热量小，得不到高输出；(4)在不混合轻油等矿物燃料，100％使用生物柴油燃料的情况下，由于没有润滑物质，所以在柴油发动机容易产生烧粘等机械损伤，可靠性低；(5)植物油的闪点比柴油高，挥发性差，不利于柴油机汽缸中混合气的形成，会出现着火困难现象；(6)植物油的浊点高，导致冷启动困难。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供生物燃料组合物，其通过添加醇和植物油以外的原料，即可克服一般生物燃料成本高，热值低，着火和冷启动难等问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明提供生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：醇类28～48份，菜籽油25～45份，助燃剂0.1～0.9份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.1～0.8份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.01～0.5份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.02～0.3份，磷酸三丁酯0.03～0.2份。
优选地，本发明所述的醇类为一元醇或者多元醇。
更优选地，本发明所述的一元醇为甲醇，乙醇，丙醇，丁醇中的一种。
更优选地，本发明所述的多元醇为乙二醇，丙三醇，丙二醇中的一种或者两种。
优选地，本发明所述的助燃剂为异丙醚，叔丁醇和5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
更优选地，本发明所述的助燃剂为7～13重量份异丙醚，6～12重量份叔丁醇和1～8重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。本发明所述的助燃剂能促使燃料迅速、完全地燃烧，提高热效率，从而降低油耗、减少燃烧室内的积炭和顶部活塞环的结焦。
更优选地，本发明所述的助燃剂为10重量份异丙醚，9重量份叔丁醇和4重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
优选地，本发明所述的生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：醇类38份，菜籽油35份，助燃剂0.5份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.4份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.22份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.15份，磷酸三丁酯0.12份。
本发明所述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在45～55℃下搅拌50～100min，过滤，即可。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明的生物燃料组合物，各原料协同作用，克服一般生物燃料成本高，热值低，着火和冷启动难等问题。
2、本发明的生物燃料组合物均符合国标车用柴油要求并部分参数优于0号柴油，且能够直接替代柴油机使用，无需更换柴油机。
3、本发明的生物燃料组合物具有良好的润滑作用，保护发动机设备，节约发动机燃油，避免柴油发动机容易产生烧粘等机械损伤，同时也有利于燃料充分燃烧减少尾气排放量。
4、本发明的生物燃料组合物还具有清净的作用，可有效清除喷嘴积碳，确保良好的雾化性能，并保持发动机性能以及排放水平。
5、本发明的生物燃料组合物具有良好稳定性，抗水相性能强，不乳化，不分层。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1
生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇48份，菜籽油25份，助燃剂0.9份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.1份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.5份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.02份，磷酸三丁酯0.2份。
所述的助燃剂为7重量份异丙醚，12重量份叔丁醇和1重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
上述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在55℃下搅拌100min，过滤，即可。
实施例2
生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：乙醇45份，菜籽油28份，助燃剂0.8份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.2份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.39份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.07份，磷酸三丁酯0.18份。
所述的助燃剂为8重量份异丙醚，11重量份叔丁醇和2重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
上述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在53℃下搅拌90min，过滤，即可。
实施例3
生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：丙醇类41份，菜籽油31份，助燃剂0.7份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.3份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.3份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.11份，磷酸三丁酯0.15份。
所述的助燃剂为9重量份异丙醚，10重量份叔丁醇和3重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
上述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在52℃下搅拌80min，过滤，即可。
实施例4
生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：丁醇38份，菜籽油35份，助燃剂0.5份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.4份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.22份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.15份，磷酸三丁酯0.12份。
所述的助燃剂为10重量份异丙醚，9重量份叔丁醇和4重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
上述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在50℃下搅拌70min，过滤，即可。
实施例5
生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：乙二醇20份，丙三醇16份，菜籽油39份，助燃剂0.2份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.5份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.18份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.18份，磷酸三丁酯0.09份。
所述的助燃剂为11重量份异丙醚，8重量份叔丁醇和5重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
上述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在48℃下搅拌80min，过滤，即可。
实施例6
生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：丙二醇24份，丙三醇8份，菜籽油42份，助燃剂0.3份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.6份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.09份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.24份，磷酸三丁酯0.06份。
所述的助燃剂为12重量份异丙醚，7重量份叔丁醇和6重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
上述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在46℃下搅拌60min，过滤，即可。
实施例7
生物燃料组合物，由以下重量份的原料制成：乙二醇28份，菜籽油45份，助燃剂0.1份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.8份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.01份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.3份，磷酸三丁酯0.03份。
所述的助燃剂为13重量份异丙醚，6重量份叔丁醇和8重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
上述的生物燃料组合物的制备方法为：将全部原料混合均匀，在45℃下搅拌50min，过滤，即可。
表1本发明燃料的各项性能

Claims (8)

1.生物燃料组合物，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：醇类28～48份，菜籽油25～45份，助燃剂0.1～0.9份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.1～0.8份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.01～0.5份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.02～0.3份，磷酸三丁酯0.03～0.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物燃料组合物，其特征在于：所述的醇类为一元醇或者多元醇。
3.根据权利要求2所述的生物燃料组合物，其特征在于：所述的一元醇为甲醇，乙醇，丙醇，丁醇中的一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的生物燃料组合物，其特征在于：所述的多元醇为乙二醇，丙三醇，丙二醇中的一种或者两种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的生物燃料组合物，其特征在于：所述的助燃剂为异丙醚，叔丁醇和5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的生物燃料组合物，其特征在于：所述的助燃剂为7～13重量份异丙醚，6～12重量份叔丁醇和1～8重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
7.根据权利要求5所述的生物燃料组合物，其特征在于：所述的助燃剂为10重量份异丙醚，9重量份叔丁醇和4重量份5-甲基-2-庚烯-4-酮的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1～7任意一项所述的生物燃料组合物，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：醇类38份，菜籽油35份，助燃剂0.5份，三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯0.4份，2,2,3-三甲基丁烷0.22份，1-辛基-3-甲基溴化咪唑0.15份，磷酸三丁酯0.12份。
CN201611083476.1A 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 生物燃料组合物 Pending CN106520224A (zh)

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CN110229703A (zh) * 2019-06-12 2019-09-13 成都蓝海科创新能源有限公司 一种高能环保燃料及制备方法和用途
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