CN106517649B - Method for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of sewage - Google Patents
Method for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106517649B CN106517649B CN201611000012.XA CN201611000012A CN106517649B CN 106517649 B CN106517649 B CN 106517649B CN 201611000012 A CN201611000012 A CN 201611000012A CN 106517649 B CN106517649 B CN 106517649B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for deeply removing nitrogen and phosphorus from sewage, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment. According to the invention, raw water of a sewage treatment plant is treated by adopting a biological adsorption/MBR/pyrite autotrophic denitrification combined process, so that the hydraulic retention time of the whole combined process is reduced, a carbon source is not required to be added, the operation cost is reduced, a product with a higher added value can be produced by adopting a resource treatment mode of anaerobic fermentation for producing acid or methane, and the resource utilization of pollutants is really realized. The method has high nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, can obtain effluent quality with total nitrogen less than 6mg/L and total phosphorus less than 0.5mg/L when HRT is 2 hours, and reduces the floor area of a sewage treatment plant. In addition, the combined process does not need an additional carbon source, thereby greatly reducing the operating cost of a sewage treatment plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for deeply removing nitrogen and phosphorus from sewage, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment.
Background
Nitrogen and phosphorus are main elements causing eutrophication of natural water bodies, so that removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from sewage is also two major tasks of sewage treatment plants. At present, domestic sewage treatment plants generally execute the first-class A standard in the discharge Standard of pollutants for municipal Sewage treatment plants (GB18918-2002), wherein the concentration of TN is not more than 15mg/L, and the concentration of TP is not more than 0.5 mg/L. In recent years, many areas in China begin to implement more strict local sewage treatment standards, for example, the A standard in the Beijing local water pollution discharge Standard (DB11/307-2013) reduces the limit values of total nitrogen and total phosphorus of effluent to 10mg/L and 0.2mg/L respectively, and the requirement of higher standard for nitrogen and phosphorus effluent becomes an important problem for stable operation of sewage treatment plants. The traditional activated sludge method needs to utilize a carbon source for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, but the urban sewage treatment plants in China generally have the problems of insufficient carbon source in inlet water and unbalanced carbon-nitrogen ratio and carbon-phosphorus ratio, which creates great challenges for the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal by the traditional activated sludge method. In order to realize the stable standard reaching of the first-grade A standard total nitrogen and total phosphorus, most sewage treatment plants need to add high-quality carbon sources and phosphorus removal agents, so the operation cost is greatly increased. In addition, the addition of the carbon source is easy to cause the mass proliferation of heterotrophic bacteria, and the increased excess sludge amount leads to the increase of the sludge treatment cost; meanwhile, the phosphorus removal agent is expensive, and the service life of advanced treatment equipment such as filter cloth or a rotary table can be obviously prolonged, so that the operating cost of a sewage treatment plant can be indirectly increased undoubtedly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to more efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage and reduce the operating cost of a sewage treatment plant, a novel combined process of biological adsorption/MBR/sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification sewage treatment is developed.
The invention provides a sewage treatment device, which comprises a biological adsorption tank, a sedimentation tank, an MBR tank and a sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification tank, wherein the biological adsorption tank is connected with a water inlet; the sedimentation tank is in an inverted cone shape, the lower part of the sedimentation tank is bidirectionally connected with the biological adsorption tank, and the upper part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the MBR tank; the MBR tank is connected with the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification tank; the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool is provided with a water outlet; the filler of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool is sulfur particles filled with iron, and the iron filling rate is 15-25%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filler of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool has a particle size of 2-4 mm and a porosity of 50%.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the iron filling rate is 20%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the iron is scrap iron.
In one embodiment of the invention, the biological adsorption tank, the sedimentation tank, the MBR tank and the sulfur autotrophic denitrification tank are connected in sequence, and the effective volume ratio is 1:8:14: 3.2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the effective volumes of the biological adsorption tank, the sedimentation tank, the MBR tank and the sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter tank are respectively: 1.5L, 12L, 21L and 4.8L.
In one embodiment of the invention, the internal diameter of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool is 10cm, and the effective height is 60 cm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the MBR tank uses a 0.02 μm flat membrane.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool comprises stone grains and sulfur-iron mixed filler from bottom to top, wherein the height of the stone grain filler is 10cm, and the height of the sulfur-iron mixed filler is 90 cm.
The invention also provides a method for deeply denitrifying sewage by using the sewage treatment device, which comprises the steps of removing particles or organic matters in the sewage by using a biological adsorption tank, precipitating by using a sedimentation tank, and then denitrifying and dephosphorizing in an MBR tank and a pyrite autotrophic denitrification tank.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method is to control the hydraulic retention time of the biological adsorption tank to be 0.35-0.7h, the sludge age to be 1.5-3d, the DO to be 0.5-1mg/L and the suspended solid concentration of the mixed liquid to be 4000-5000 mg/L.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method is to control the hydraulic retention time of the sedimentation tank for 3 hours.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method is to control the membrane flux of the MBR tank to be 10L/m2H, HRT is 6-8h, SRT is 18-22d, DO is 5-7 mg/L.
Has the advantages that: the raw water of the sewage treatment plant is treated by adopting a bioadsorption/MBR/ferro-sulphur autotrophic denitrification combined process, and the sulphur autotrophic denitrification and the scrap iron are used as main bodies for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, so that the hydraulic retention time of the whole combined process is reduced, and meanwhile, a carbon source is not required to be added, the operation cost is reduced, and the operation cost of the sewage treatment plant is greatly reduced; in the sewage treatment process, most of the carbon sources in the raw water are enriched in the sludge, and products with higher added values can be produced by adopting a recycling treatment mode of anaerobic fermentation for producing acid or methane, so that the recycling utilization of pollutants is really realized. The invention has the advantages of saving floor area, low operating cost and capability of generating additional recycling products, and has important significance for exploring a new sewage treatment idea which accords with the national conditions of China. The method has high nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, can obtain effluent quality with total nitrogen less than 6mg/L and total phosphorus less than 0.5mg/L when the HRT is 2 hours, and reduces the floor area of a sewage treatment plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a denitrification and dephosphorization apparatus according to the present invention; 1, a water inlet pump; 2, a first fan; 3, a biological adsorption tank; 4, a sludge reflux pump; 5, a sedimentation tank; 6, a second fan; 7, an MBR tank; 8, an MBR water outlet pump; 9, a sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool; 10, a sulfur particle and iron scrap mixing layer; 11, a stone grain layer;
FIG. 2 shows the total nitrogen removal effect of the bioadsorption cell;
FIG. 3 shows the effect of the biological adsorption tank on removing ammonia nitrogen;
FIG. 4 shows the total phosphorus removal effect of the bioadsorption cell;
FIG. 5 shows the effect of the biological adsorption tank on removing COD;
FIG. 6 shows the variations of the bioadsorption cell MLSS and MLVSS/MLSS;
FIG. 7 shows the total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD concentrations of the effluent of the single phosphorus and phosphorus removal device.
Detailed Description
Example 1 design of denitrification and dephosphorization apparatus
As shown in fig. 1, an acrylic plate is adopted to prepare a nitrogen and phosphorus removal device, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal device comprises a biological adsorption tank 3, a sedimentation tank 5, an MBR tank 7 and a sulfur and iron autotrophic denitrification tank 9, and the effective volumes are 1.5L, 12L, 21L and 4.8L respectively; the biological adsorption tank 3 is connected with the water inlet through a water inlet pump 1, and the lower part of the biological adsorption tank is connected with a first fan; the sedimentation tank 5 is in an inverted cone shape, the lower part of the sedimentation tank is bidirectionally connected with the biological adsorption tank 3, and the upper part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the MBR tank 7; the MBR tank 7 adopts a 0.02 mu m flat membrane, an air pipe is arranged in the MBR tank 7, and the pipe is connected with the second fan 6; an MBR water outlet pump 8 is arranged between the MBR tank 7 and the pyrite autotrophic denitrification tank 9, so that the pump pumps the effluent from the MBR tank 7 and pumps the effluent into the pyrite autotrophic denitrification tank; the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool 9 is provided with a water outlet, the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool is provided with a packing layer, the packing layer comprises a stone particle layer 11 and a sulfur-iron mixing layer 10 from bottom to top, the heights of the stone particle layer and the sulfur-iron mixing layer are 10cm and 90cm respectively, the grain size of the packing sulfur is 2-4 mm, the porosity is 50%, scrap iron is filled in the middle of sulfur particles in a plastic ball wrapping mode, and the filling rate is 20% by volume.
In the device, the biological adsorption section can adsorb organic matters in the inlet water, reduce the organic load of a subsequent treatment unit and the influence of toxic and harmful substances, and simultaneously generate a large amount of sludge with high organic matter content, so that the sludge can be used for anaerobic fermentation to produce acid or methane, and the purpose of resource utilization is realized. And the MBR realizes the complete nitrification of ammonia nitrogen and the removal of residual COD. The sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification realizes the reduction of nitrate nitrogen and the removal of phosphate, and completes the process of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
Example 2 biological adsorption section operation
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, most of the total nitrogen components of the inlet water of the test device are soluble ammonia nitrogen, the average proportion is 85%, the concentration range of the total nitrogen of the inlet water is 29.5 to 37.3mg/L, and the average value is 29.3 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration of the inlet water is 0.89-5.4 mg/L, and the average value is 2.8 mg/L. The COD of the inlet water is 150-456 mg/L, and the average value is 288.6 mg/L. The biological adsorption section is used for culturing prokaryotic microorganisms which are adaptive to the raw water environment and can realize rapid proliferation by controlling shorter HRT and SRT so as to adsorb particulate matters in the inlet water, so that the biological adsorption section has good removal capability on COD in the inlet water. The COD range of the effluent of the biological adsorption section is 76-102 mg/L, the average value is 90.2mg/L, and the average removal rate is 66.6%. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen are both low, and the average value is 17%, because HRT is short, and the ammonia nitrogen can not realize effective nitrification. The average removal rate of the total phosphorus by the biological adsorption section is 13.6%.
The imperfection of urban sewage pipe networks in China causes that the inlet water contains a large amount of inorganic impurities, so that the content of inorganic substances in the excess sludge is high, and the resource utilization is seriously influenced. Most of the sludge in the biological adsorption section is the aggregate of granular organic matters in the inlet water, as shown in figure 6, the content of organic matters in the sludge in the section is obviously increased compared with that of inoculated sludge, anaerobic fermentation/digestion is facilitated, and products with higher added values are produced.
Example 3 dephosphorization and denitrification apparatus for treating wastewater
The apparatus of example 1 was operated to control the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the bioadsorption section to 0.35-0.7h, the sludge age (SRT) to 1.5-3d, the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) range to 0.5-1mg/L, and the mixed liquor suspended solids concentration (MLSS) to 4000-5000mg/L (FIG. 6). The HRT of the sedimentation tank is 2-3 h. MBR adopts 0.02 μm flat membrane with membrane flux of 8-12L/m2H, HRT 6-8h, SRT 18-22d, DO range is 5-7mg/L, MLSS is kept at 6500-8000 mg/L; the internal diameter of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification filter is 10cm, the effective height is 60cm, and the HRT range is controlled to be 2-3 h.
Under the condition that the operation method is not changed, different iron scrap filling ratios are adopted for sewage treatment, and as shown in the table 1, the higher the iron filling ratio is, the lower the total phosphorus concentration of effluent is; however, when the iron content is 25%, the effluent is reddish brown due to excessive rust in the effluent. The iron filling ratio was thus set to 20%. The MBR has better removal effect on the residual COD, the range of the effluent COD is 18-48mg/L, and the average value is 35.3 mg/L.
TABLE 1 Effect of different iron fill rates on effluent
In the method of the embodiment, most COD and a small part of nitrogen and phosphorus are removed in the biological adsorption section, and the influence of organic load and toxic and harmful substances of the MBR reaction tank is reduced. The MBR tank replaces the design of a secondary sedimentation tank of the traditional biological treatment process by membrane filtration, and the higher sludge concentration can effectively reduce the floor area of a sewage treatment facility. In addition, the complete interception of the MBR is beneficial to enriching nitrifying bacteria and metazoan with longer generation time, and is beneficial to realizing the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen in the inlet water and the degradation of the residual COD. The MBR effluent contains high-concentration nitrate nitrogen, and the nitrogen can be removed through sulfur autotrophic denitrification. The thiobacillus denitrificans is enriched on the surface of sulfur particles to form a biological membrane, and the autotrophic bacteria realize the deep removal of nitrogen by taking elemental sulfur as an electron donor and nitrate nitrogen as an acceptor. As shown in FIG. 7, the ammonia nitrogen range of the effluent of the test device is 0.1-5.7mg/L, the average value is 1.44mg/L, and the nitrification effect is good; the average value of the total nitrogen of the effluent is 4.1mg/L, which shows that the sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter has higher nitrate nitrogen reduction capability, and saves the cost of adding carbon sources under the condition of shortening the HRT of the whole treatment process. The addition of iron filings can neutralize H produced in autotrophic denitrification process+The pH value of the system is maintained to be stable, and the normal operation of denitrification is ensured; on the other hand, the iron pieces are alloys of pure iron and iron carbide, carbonIron and impurities are dispersed in the iron filings in the form of very small particles, which, when immersed in a solution, form a complete microbattery circuit, forming numerous corrosion microbatteries, thus producing Fe3+/Fe2+，Fe3+/Fe2+And PO4 3-And the combination generates sediment, thereby realizing the deep removal of phosphorus in the sewage. As shown in figure 7, the concentration range of the phosphate of the effluent is 0.22-0.48mg/L, the average value is 0.37mg/L, and the effluent quality superior to the first-class A standard is achieved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising a biological adsorption tank, a sedimentation tank, an MBR tank and a sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification tank, wherein the biological adsorption tank is connected with a water inlet; the sedimentation tank is in an inverted cone shape, the lower part of the sedimentation tank is bidirectionally connected with the biological adsorption tank, and the upper part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the MBR tank; the MBR tank is connected with the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification tank; the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool is provided with a water outlet; the filler of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification pool is sulfur particles filled with iron, and the iron filling rate is 15-25%; the biological adsorption tank, the sedimentation tank, the MBR tank and the sulfur autotrophic denitrification tank are sequentially connected, and the effective volume ratio is 1:8:14: 3.2; the MBR tank adopts a 0.02 mu m flat membrane; the internal diameter of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification filter is 10cm, the effective height is 60cm, the HRT is 2-3h, the particle size of filler sulfur is 2-4 mm, the porosity is 50%, and scrap iron is filled in the middle of the sulfur particles in a plastic ball wrapping manner; controlling the membrane flux of the MBR tank to be 10L/m2H, HRT is 6-8h, SRT is 18-22d, DO is 5-7 mg/L.
2. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the effective volumes of the biological adsorption tank, the sedimentation tank, the MBR tank and the sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter tank are respectively as follows: 1.5L, 12L, 21L and 4.8L.
3. A method for deep denitrification of sewage, characterized in that, the sewage treatment device of claim 1 or 2 is applied, the sewage is firstly passed through a biological adsorption tank to remove particles or organic matters, then is passed through a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and then is subjected to denitrification and dephosphorization in an MBR tank and a pyrite autotrophic denitrification tank.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hydraulic retention time of the biological adsorption tank is controlled to be 0.35-0.7h, the sludge age is 1.5-3d, DO is 0.5-1mg/L, and the suspended solid concentration of the mixed solution is 4000-5000 mg/L; controlling the hydraulic retention time of the sedimentation tank for 3 hours.
5. The use of the wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1 in environmental and chemical fields.
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| CN106946415A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-14 | 河南弘康环保科技有限公司 | A kind of denitrogenation of waste water processing system and denitrification treatment process |
| CN110078221A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-02 | 南京大学 | A kind of synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing light material and its preparation and application method |
| CN110395851B (en) * | 2019-08-24 | 2022-03-29 | 东南大学 | High-altitude town sewage treatment method based on nitrogen and phosphorus capture and completely autotrophic nitrogen removal |
| CN110615534A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-27 | 江南大学 | Sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification device and application thereof |
| CN115650428B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-04-25 | 北京科净源科技股份有限公司 | Deep dephosphorization and denitrification method for tail water of sewage treatment plant |
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| CN101200339A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-18 | 光大环保工程技术(深圳)有限公司 | Sewage treatment method |
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