CN106514146A - Machining technology of split type axle box body - Google Patents
Machining technology of split type axle box body Download PDFInfo
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- CN106514146A CN106514146A CN201611022831.4A CN201611022831A CN106514146A CN 106514146 A CN106514146 A CN 106514146A CN 201611022831 A CN201611022831 A CN 201611022831A CN 106514146 A CN106514146 A CN 106514146A
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- axle box
- split type
- box body
- processing
- positioning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a machining technology of a split type axle box body. The split type axle box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, wherein the structures of the upper and lower box bodies are similar and exchangeable, and the upper and lower box bodies are combined through the combination surfaces of the upper and lower box bodies, forming the axle box body. Compared with the prior art, the machining technology provided by the invention has the advantages that the single piece machining precision of the upper and low box bodies can be ensured, single piece machining efficiency and box combining precision are ensured, tolerance influence is reduced from multiple angles, the machining precision is further improved, and the machining technology is suitable for the flexible production line of the axle box body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of axle box body processing technology, especially a kind of processing work for the processing of split type axle box
Skill.
Background technology
In process, monoblock type tumbler shaft casing is complex when wheel pair is changed for rail truck axle box, must
Axle box is separated with framework, and complex process, operation are more, and more dependence special tooling, construction space are narrow and small, operating difficultiess.
To realize quick-replaceable wheel to operation, it is desirable to using split type axle box.The processing technique of split type axle box has been required to
Effect is implemented, crudy is safe and reliable, can the processing of effective control split type axle box, dead eye dimensional tolerance and line position after dismounting
The processing method of tolerance, have higher production efficiency and stable crudy, it is ensured that production is carried out in order.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily aimed at solving the above problems and not enough, there is provided a kind of split type axle box body processing technology, can
Ensure upper and lower casing single-piece work precision, it is ensured that working (machining) efficiency during single-piece work, it is ensured that mould assembling precision.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of split type axle box body processing technology, the split type axle box
Including upper box, lower box, upper and lower body structure is close, interchangeable, is closed by upper and lower casing faying face between upper and lower casing
Into axle box, the processing technique comprises the steps box-shaped,
S1, split axle box roughing, according to existing process, boring and milling etc. is carried out slightly to the region of interest of upper and lower casing plus
Work is operated；
S2, split axle box polish carry out polish to the upper and lower casing of roughing；
Distinguish with prior art, the processing technique is further comprising the steps of,
S3, alignment pin processing, carries out alignment pin processing, it is ensured that machining accuracy by the way of grinding；
S4, connection of the upper and lower casing by alignment pin, mould assembling formed axle box, and the axle box after mould assembling is constituted into
Row rough cutting operations；
S5, machining simulation complete the three-dimension modeling of split axle box, cutter and frock using drawing instrument, pass through
Simulation software is carried out and the identical virtual manufacture emulation of reality processing, by the measurement Function detection processing dimension of software,
And determine whether that re-starting aforementioned a certain or Overall Steps carries out Dimension correction or enter next processing grasping according to testing result
Make step；
S6, Jing emulation and detect it is qualified after, polish is carried out to the axle box region of interest after mould assembling according to simulation result
Operation, completes the overall processing of axle box.
Further, in process, after single-piece work, three coordinate measurements are carried out per part.
It is further, further comprising the steps of in step S6,
S61, completes groove location with turnery processing, then removes wheel using milling mode to remain the corner of lifting extrusion position
Remaining part position；
S62, in horizontal Machining centers finishing passes, axle box side is put, after positioning, boring and milling positioning cylinder and upper flat
Plane, amortisseur mounting surface and hole, drilling and tapping on face, positioning node hole；
S63, axle box are just put, after positioning, milling spindle bearing bore, node holes and end face, each hole；
Further, in step S63, during dead eye polish, first heavy boring dead eye, and complete other overall dimensions
Afterwards, time out program, unclamps clamping tool, reduces clamping force, Jing after special time, then the polish for carrying out dead eye.
Further, positioning node hole is machined using the first step of angular milling, without the need for dismounting.
Further, in step S62, side blow-down position, finishing are carried out with the polish benchmark that roughing is reserved to axle box
Work benchmark include dead eye positioning end face, positioning node hole and, positioning dead eye.
Further, in step S63, positioned with machined pilot mounting plane and positioning node mounting plane
After carry out following process.
Further, in step s 2, the finish-milling operation of the faying face of upper and lower casing, is entered by the way of laterally and tightly propped
Row is compressed.
Further, a pair upper and lower casings, while being arranged on machine tool workbench, order is processed simultaneously.
Further, dowel hole processing technique includes that boring the thick essence that twists of expansion twists, in smart fraising, by processing work
Skill test grinds the reamer for meeting required precision, and reamer is completed processing with same.
In sum, a kind of split type axle box body processing technology that the present invention is provided, compared with prior art, with following
Advantage：
1. single-piece work precision is improved, it is ensured that single-piece work quality and working (machining) efficiency；
2. mould assembling precision is improved；
3. impact of the clamping power to axle box bearing also machining accuracy form and position tolerance precision is reduced；
4. multi-angle reduces tolerances, further improves machining accuracy；
5. flexible production line is adapted to, and production efficiency is high；
6. initial workpiece process safety, success rate are high.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1：Mould assembling axle box front view in a kind of split type axle box body processing technology of the present invention；
Fig. 2：Mould assembling axle box top view in a kind of split type axle box body processing technology of the present invention；
Fig. 3：A-A directions sectional view in figure one；
Wherein：Positioning node hole 1, positioning node hole 2, dowel hole 3, alignment pin 4 are taken turns to lifting 5, ramp structure 6,
Upper and lower casing faying face 7, positioning node mounting plane 8, groove 9, amortisseur mounting surface and hole 10, dead eye 11 position bearing
Hole 12, dead eye positioning end face 13, deduction barrier device mounting plane 14, axle box 15, upper box 16, lower box 17.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a kind of split type axle box body processing technology that the present invention is provided, split type axle box 1 include
Casing 16, lower box 17, upper and lower body structure are close, interchangeable, are closed by upper and lower casing faying face 7 between upper and lower casing
Box-shaped comprises the steps into axle box 1, wherein processing technique,
S1,15 roughing of split axle box, according to existing process, carry out boring and milling etc. slightly to the region of interest of upper and lower casing
Process operation；
S2,15 polish of split axle box carry out polish to the upper and lower casing of roughing；
Distinguish with prior art, processing technique is further comprising the steps of,
S3, alignment pin 4 are processed, and are carried out alignment pin 4 and are processed, it is ensured that machining accuracy by the way of grinding；
S4, connection of the upper and lower casing by alignment pin 4, mould assembling form axle box 15, and to 15 groups of axle box after mould assembling
Into carrying out rough cutting operations；
S5, machining simulation complete the three-dimension modeling of split axle box 1, cutter and frock using drawing instrument, pass through
Simulation software is carried out and the identical virtual manufacture emulation of reality processing, by the measurement Function detection processing dimension of software,
And determine whether that re-starting aforementioned a certain or Overall Steps carries out Dimension correction or enter next processing grasping according to testing result
Make step.Three-dimensional modeling is carried out using UG softwares, virtual manufacture emulation and size detection is carried out by VERICUT simulation softwares,
Effectively can pinpoint the problems in advance and solve problem, greatly improve initial workpiece process safety in kind；
S6, Jing emulation and detect it is qualified after, finishing operations are carried out to the axle box 1 after mould assembling according to simulation result, it is complete
Into the overall processing of axle box 1.
As shown in figure 1, axle box 15 for split type, is divided into identical structure and interchangeable upper box 16 and lower box 17,
In the present invention, step S1 and step S2 are essentially identical with existing split type axle box processing mode, concrete processing mode method,
The lathe that the work surface and processing for needing processing is adopted is same as the prior art, will not be described here, unlike the prior art
, in step S1 and step S2, a pair upper and lower casings are arranged on the workbench of machine tool simultaneously, while order is entered
Row roughing and corresponding finishing operations, impact of the abatement apparatus to machining accuracy as far as possible, it is ensured that machining accuracy, set because same
Standby to process simultaneously, the mismachining tolerance of generation is identical, is further ensured that the precision of fit rear axle casing；The processing work of dowel hole 3
Skill is included that brill expands and slightly twist essence strand, in essence strand dowel hole 3, ground by processing technique experiment and meet required precision
Reamer, and with the same process operation for reamer being completed dowel hole 3, it is ensured that the machining accuracy of upper and lower casing dowel hole 3,
In the present embodiment, the machining accuracy of dowel hole 3 is (+0.002,0.008) mm.
When the upper and lower casing polish of step S2 is carried out, 11 peripheral structure of dead eye is directly born against using pressing plate typically
Compression mode, but this conventional compression mode, due to compacted position and the difference of pressure, the thrust of generation can affect
The flatness of the upper and lower case faying face 7 in 15 finishing passes of split axle box, therefore in the present invention, in step S1, adopt
Conventional compression mode, in step s 2, increases by four sides top on axle box 15, in the upper and lower casing faying face 7 of finish-milling,
Conventional compression in the middle of unclamping, direction of arrow offer thrust, only from laterally and tightly propped, produces to ramp structure 6 as shown in Figure 2
Counterpressure, is accurately processed to upper and lower casing faying face 7, it is ensured that the flatness of upper and lower casing faying face 7 after processing,
In the present embodiment, the flatness of the upper and lower casing faying face 7 after processing is 0.02, further strengthens split type axle box 15
Machining accuracy.During the roughing of step S1, by the appropriate design of frock, it is ensured that big machining during roughing
When, the stability of clamping workpiece, and the rapid translating by way of compression, when can guarantee that polish again, upper and lower casing faying face
7 and prong be in free state, be further ensured that machining accuracy.
In step s 2, when carrying out the polish of lateral ramp structure 6, the processing mode cut using row is reduced as far as possible
Course of processing radial force, so as to reduce impact of the processing to dimensional accuracy.
When step S1 and S2 carry out split single-piece work, multi-angle improves the precision of upper and lower casing faying face 7, makes fork
Mouth is in free state to reduce the impact to processing, it is to avoid the Light deformation that thrust and cutting stress are caused, so as to affect group
Dress precision；The sharp Integral alloy cutter of cutting tool choice in the course of processing, with high rotating speed, little bite, it is fast feed, reduce footpath
To cutting force, Z axis movement is not produced during feed to control processing flatness.Processing during single-piece work is ensure that simultaneously
Efficiency, it is ensured that follow-up mould assembling precision.The application of determinant formula reduces sound part when processing, and it is right that the design of ramp structure 6 is reduced
The structure of cutter and required precision.
In step s3, alignment pin 4 ensures precision by the way of grinding plus formula, in the present embodiment, the essence of alignment pin 4
Spend for (- 0.002 ,+0.002) mm.As shown in figure 1,4 one end of alignment pin is inserted in the dowel hole 3 on lower box 17, and with
Dowel hole interference fit on lower box 17 is fixed on lower box 17, by the other end insertion upper box 16 of alignment pin 4
In dowel hole 3, upper and lower casing is combined together with this, mould assembling forms axle box 15.Wherein dowel hole 3 is opened in upper and lower
On casing faying face 7.Ramp structure 6 in wherein upper and lower casing, can play certain positioning and effect of contraction, it is to avoid upper and lower
The displacement of casing.
To guarantee crudy, it is ensured that each part meets requirement on machining accuracy, after single-piece work, three coordinates are carried out per part
Mapping, single-piece quality before control assembling, it is ensured that the required precision of mould assembling rear axle casing 1.
After mould assembling, it is further to improve mould assembling body machining accuracy, also comprises the steps in step S6 of the present invention：
S61, polish complete 9 position of groove that horizontal Machining centers cannot be processed with turnery processing first, then using milling
The mode of cutting is removed takes turns the corner residue position to lifting extrusion position, it is to avoid cutter interference；
Axle box 15 after mould assembling can be carried out on axle box Flexible Manufacture production line, be carried out in two steps altogether：
S62, in horizontal Machining centers finishing passes, 1 side of axle box is put, fixed with the polish benchmark that roughing is reserved
Position, plane, amortisseur mounting surface and hole 10 on boring and milling positioning cylinder and upper plane, positioning node hole 1, drilling and tapping；In this reality
Apply in example, origin reference location is carried out by the way of holes one side, wherein holes is positioning node hole 2, positions dead eye 12, simultaneously
End face 13 is positioned for dead eye, after being positioned with positioning node hole 2, positioning dead eye 12 and dead eye positioning end face 13, is entered
The follow-up process operation of row；Wherein, positioning node hole 2 is machined using the first step of angular milling, without the need for dismounting, increases processing effect
Rate
S63,15 side of axle box are put after machining, and axle box 15 is just put, after positioning, milling spindle bearing bore 11, node holes and
End face, each hole；Wherein, positioned with machined pilot mounting plane 14 and positioning node mounting plane 8, with this plane
Screwed hole is tightened, it is ensured that axle box is not stressed and pulling force during processing, it is to avoid clamping power is to 11 size of dead eye
The impact of precision, to guarantee machining accuracy, in the present embodiment, tool locating cylinder is existed with workpiece positioning interporal lacuna mismatch error
Between (+0.05 ,+0.1) mm.
When the polish of dead eye 11 is carried out, first heavy boring dead eye 13, and complete other overall dimensions for needing polish
Afterwards, suspend processor, unclamp clamping tool, reduce clamping force, after workpiece release stress, using flat clamping tool is aided in, such as
Using bolt clamp force, typically without the need for especially extra thrust, it is capable of achieving to compress using upper and lower casing self gravitation, here
Under state, Jing special times, after Stress Release, then the finishing operations for carrying out dead eye 11.Simultaneously as material hardness is high,
There is interrupted cut at upper and lower casing faying face 7, it is therefore desirable to reduce cutting linear velocity, it is ensured that cylindricity is required, it is to avoid cutting
Power is affected on workpiece accuracy, and by the reasonable selection to cutting parameter, control cutting radial force is to 11 change in size of dead eye
Affect.
Process operation is carried out on the axle box processing flexibility production line that the polish of the axle box 15 after mould assembling can be present,
The advantage of existing axle box processing flexibility line production system is given full play to, AGV dolly automatic loading/unloadings realize a multimachine control
System.Procedure arrangement and installation way after mould assembling, effectively reduces dead eye 11 machining accuracy of the clamping power to axle box 15
And the impact of form and position tolerance precision, the processing method after mould assembling meets the requirement of axle box processing flexibility line, given full play to soft
Property production efficiency it is high the characteristics of, be that the processing of similar structures part improves good reference frame, and have higher production effect
Rate and stable crudy, it is ensured that production is carried out in order.
In sum, a kind of split type axle box body processing technology that the present invention is provided, compared with prior art, with following
Advantage：
1. single-piece work precision is improved, it is ensured that single-piece work quality and working (machining) efficiency；
2. mould assembling precision is improved；
3. impact of the clamping power to axle box bearing also machining accuracy form and position tolerance precision is reduced；
4. multi-angle reduces tolerances, further improves machining accuracy；
5. flexible production line is adapted to, and production efficiency is high；
6. initial workpiece process safety, success rate are high.
As described above, with reference to given plan content, similar technical scheme can be derived.In every case it is without departing from this
The content of inventive technique scheme, any simple modification made to above example according to the technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent become
Change and modification, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology, the split type axle box include upper box, lower box, upper and lower casing knot
Structure is close, interchangeable, forms axle box by upper and lower casing faying face mould assembling between upper and lower casing, and the processing technique includes
Following steps,
S1, split axle box roughing, according to existing process, carry out the roughing such as boring and milling behaviour to the region of interest of upper and lower casing
Make；
S2, split axle box polish carry out polish to the upper and lower casing of roughing；
It is characterized in that：The processing technique is further comprising the steps of,
S3, alignment pin processing, carries out alignment pin processing, it is ensured that machining accuracy by the way of grinding；
S4, connection of the upper and lower casing by alignment pin, mould assembling form axle box, and the axle box composition after mould assembling are carried out thick
Process operation；
S5, machining simulation complete the three-dimension modeling of split axle box, cutter and frock using drawing instrument, by emulation
Software is carried out and the emulation of reality processing identical virtual manufacture, by the measurement Function detection processing dimension of software, and root
Determine whether that re-starting aforementioned a certain or Overall Steps carries out Dimension correction or into next process operation step according to testing result
Suddenly；
S6, Jing emulation and detect it is qualified after, finishing operations are carried out to the axle box region of interest after mould assembling according to simulation result, it is complete
Into the overall processing of axle box.
2. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In process, single-piece
After processing, three coordinate measurements are carried out per part.
3. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include in step S6 following
Step,
S61, completes groove location with turnery processing, then removes corner remainder of the wheel to lifting extrusion position using milling mode
Position；
S62, in horizontal Machining centers finishing passes, axle box side is put, after positioning, boring and milling positioning cylinder and upper plane, fixed
Plane, amortisseur mounting surface and hole in the node holes of position, drilling and tapping；
S63, axle box are just put, after positioning, milling spindle bearing bore, node holes and end face, each hole.
4. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：In step S63, dead eye
During polish, first heavy boring dead eye, and after completing other overall dimensions, time out program unclamps clamping tool, reduces clamping force,
Jing after special time, then the polish for carrying out dead eye.
5. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Positioning node hole adopts angle
One step of milling head is machined, without the need for dismounting.
6. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：In step S62, with roughing
Reserved polish benchmark carries out side blow-down position to axle box, and polish benchmark includes dead eye positioning end face, positioning node hole
And, positioning dead eye.
7. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：In step S63, with
Following process is carried out after the pilot mounting plane of processing and positioning node mounting plane positioning.
8. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step s 2, upper and lower case
The finish-milling operation of the faying face of body, is compressed by the way of laterally and tightly propped.
9. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：A pair upper and lower casings, while
On machine tool workbench, order is processed simultaneously.
10. a kind of split type axle box body processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Dowel hole processing technique
Twist including the thick essence that twists of expansion is bored, in smart fraising, tested by processing technique and grind the reamer for meeting required precision, be used in combination
It is same that reamer is completed processing.
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| CN201611022831.4A CN106514146B (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | A kind of split type axle box body processing technology |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611022831.4A CN106514146B (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | A kind of split type axle box body processing technology |
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| CN107900608A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-04-13 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of split type axle box Light deformation control technique |
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| CN112496681A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-16 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Semi-ring matching part combination machining method |
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| CN107116342A (en) * | 2017-05-30 | 2017-09-01 | 胡建锋 | A kind of crankcase mechanical processing technique |
| CN107479503A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-15 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of digital control processing screwed hole size simulation comparison inspection method |
| CN107479503B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-04-03 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Simulation comparison inspection method for size of numerical control machining threaded hole |
| CN107900608A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-04-13 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of split type axle box Light deformation control technique |
| CN107900608B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-08-27 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of split type axle box Light deformation control technique |
| CN108008695A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-08 | 鄂州职业大学 | A kind of numerical-control processing method and control system of intelligent die manufacture |
| CN109940122A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 吉林大学 | The split type axle box near-net-shape method of standard EMU |
| CN109773431A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-21 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | The processing method of the split type cowl hood cap assemblies of engine |
| CN111515631A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-11 | 江苏行星重载齿轮箱有限公司 | Machining method of planetary gear box |
| CN112025207A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-04 | 株洲齿轮有限责任公司 | Machining method for shaft hole of speed reducer shell |
| CN112496681A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-16 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Semi-ring matching part combination machining method |
| CN112496681B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-10-11 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Semi-ring matching part combination machining method |
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