CN106512149B

CN106512149B - Pneumatic needleless injector

Info

Publication number: CN106512149B
Application number: CN201611223976.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高焱; 陈鑫; 沈冬华; 邹永俊
Original assignee: Jiangxi Sanxin Medtec Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Sanxin Medtec Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-27
Filing date: 2016-12-27
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-27
Also published as: CN106512149A

Abstract

A pneumatic needleless injector comprises a dose adjustment assembly, a housing assembly, a piston assembly, a drug vial assembly, a control valve assembly, and a syringe assembly. The syringe assembly is located at one end of the inner housing and is fixedly connected with the inner housing by tightening the nut. The plunger in the piston assembly is positioned in the syringe, the small end of the piston is positioned in the piston rod cavity of the inner shell, the large end of the piston is positioned in the piston cavity of the inner shell, and the dosage adjusting tube in the dosage adjusting assembly is positioned in the piston cavity and is adjacent to the large end of the piston. An end cap in the dose setting assembly is fixedly connected to the inner housing by means of a thread. The dosage adjusting pipe is connected with the end cover through threads, and plays a role in adjusting dosage. The valve pipe in the control valve component is positioned in the valve cavity of the inner shell and is matched with the control valve to work, so that the function of controlling the movement of the piston is achieved. The medicine bottle component is fixedly connected with the shell component through a screw, one end of a transfusion tube in the medicine bottle component is inserted into the water inlet valve cover, and the medicine liquid is conveyed into the syringe.

Description

Pneumatic needleless injector

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a pneumatic needleless injector.

Background

Syringes have been used officially for over 300 years to date in medicine. The traditional syringe brings a lot of convenience to human beings, but along with the improvement of the living standard of human beings, the traditional syringe has some problems, such as easily causing the spread of infectious diseases, needle infection, sharing needle, pain, subcutaneous nodules and other adverse factors caused by long-term injection. The foreign reports show that the number of medical staff stabbed by needles or medical sharp instruments reaches 80 ten thousand each year among 440 ten thousand medical staff in the United states, and the number of stabbed injuries of nurses reaches 80 to 100 ten thousand each year; the situation in China is also optimistic: the increasing number of cases of infection due to unsafe injections causes a direct economic loss, and 87.5% of nurses experience sharp-needle puncture. Meanwhile, the diabetes patients need to supplement insulin regularly to reduce blood sugar, injection is undoubtedly the best mode, and due to frequent injection, intramuscular injection is easy to cause adverse reactions such as inflammation, allergy, muscular atrophy and the like.

The existing pneumatic needleless injectors on the market are complex in structure and high in manufacturing cost, and the popularization of the pneumatic needleless injectors is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows: the invention provides a pneumatic needleless injector which has a simple structure and has automatic medicine sucking and dosage adjusting functions.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a pneumatic needleless injector, which comprises a dosage adjusting component, a shell component, a piston component, a medicine bottle component, a control valve component and a syringe component.

The dosage adjusting component comprises a dosage adjusting pipe, a magnet, a gas passing cover, a one-way valve, a rubber sleeve, an end cover, an adjusting knob and a fixing screw. Dose adjusting pipe sealing ring, cross gas cap sealing ring. The large end of the dose regulating tube is located in a piston chamber in the inner housing. The air passing cover is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the large end of the dosage adjusting tube, and the air passing cover sealing ring is positioned in a groove between the inner cavity of the large end of the dosage adjusting tube and the air passing cover. Magnet fixed mounting crosses in the groove of gas lid one end, the terminal surface with cross the terminal surface parallel and level of gas lid. One end of the one-way valve is fixedly connected in the threaded hole at the other end of the air passing cover through threads. The rubber sleeve is sleeved at the other end of the one-way valve. The two dose adjusting tube sealing rings are respectively sleeved in the grooves of the dose adjusting tube. The end cap is fixedly connected with the inner shell through threads, and the small end of the dosage adjusting tube is connected with the end cap through threads. The adjusting knob is sleeved at the small end of the dose adjusting tube and fixedly connected with the dose adjusting tube through a fixing screw.

The needle cylinder component comprises a tightening nut, a needle cylinder, a water inlet valve cover, a water inlet valve core spring, a water inlet valve seat sealing ring, a water inlet valve core sealing ring, a water inlet valve cover sealing ring, a water inlet valve seat, a nozzle sealing ring, a nozzle, a water outlet valve core spring, a water outlet valve core sealing ring and a water outlet valve core. One end of the syringe is inserted into a groove at one end of the inner housing, and the syringe and the inner housing are fixedly connected by tightening a nut. The water outlet valve core is positioned in the cavity at one end of the needle cylinder, and the sealing ring of the water outlet valve core is sleeved outside the water outlet valve core. The nozzle is fixedly connected with the syringe through threads. The nozzle seal is located in a groove between the nozzle and the barrel. One end of the valve core spring is positioned in the nozzle, the other end is attached to the water outlet valve core, and the water outlet valve core sealing ring is tightly attached to the needle cylinder sealing inclined plane under the action of the valve core spring. The water inlet valve seat is fixedly connected with the needle cylinder through threads. The water inlet valve seat sealing ring is positioned in a groove between the water inlet valve seat and the needle cylinder. The water inlet valve cover is fixedly connected with the water inlet valve seat through threads. The inlet valve cover sealing ring is positioned in the groove between the inlet valve cover and the inlet valve seat. The water inlet valve core sealing ring is sleeved outside the water inlet valve core. The water inlet valve core and the water inlet valve core spring are positioned in the cavity between the water inlet valve cover and the water inlet valve seat. One end of the water inlet valve core spring is attached to the water inlet valve core, and the other end of the water inlet valve core spring is attached to the water inlet valve seat. Under the action of the water inlet valve core spring, the water inlet valve core sealing ring is tightly attached to the sealing inclined surface of the water inlet valve cover.

The piston assembly comprises a piston, a plunger, a piston head sealing ring, a piston rod sealing ring and a plunger sealing ring. The plunger sealing ring is sleeved in a groove at one end of the plunger. The piston rod sealing ring is sleeved in the groove at the end of the piston rod. The piston sealing ring is sleeved in the groove at the piston end. The piston head sealing ring is sleeved in the groove of the piston head. The piston is provided with a plunger clamping groove, and the end part of the plunger is coaxial with the piston after being inserted from the plunger clamping groove. One end of the plunger, which is provided with the plunger sealing ring, is positioned in the liquid medicine cavity of the needle cylinder. One end of the piston is located in the piston chamber adjacent the dose tube. The other end is located in the piston rod cavity. The piston is movable along the axial direction of the piston chamber. The piston can move together with the plunger.

The control valve component comprises a valve pipe, a control valve, a connecting rod, a trigger, a connecting rod pin, a control valve spring, a valve cover sealing ring and a control valve sealing ring. The valve pipe is fixedly arranged in the valve cavity. The valve cover sealing ring is positioned in a groove between the valve pipe and the valve cavity. The control valve sealing ring is sleeved on the control valve. The control valve is located in a cavity inside the valve tube and is movable in the axial direction of the valve tube. The control valve spring is positioned in the valve pipe, one end of the control valve spring is attached to the end face of the control valve, and the other end of the control valve spring is attached to the inner bosses of the left shell and the right shell.

The shell assembly comprises an inner shell, a left shell, a right shell, an air inlet nozzle, an air pipe, a connecting air nozzle and a screw. The left shell and the right shell wrap the inner shell inside, and the left shell and the right shell are fixedly connected together through the screws. The air inlet nozzle is fixedly connected with the air inlet of the inner shell through threads. The connecting air tap is clamped in a hole between the left shell and the right shell, one end of the connecting air tap is located inside the left shell and the right shell, and the other end of the connecting air tap is located outside the left shell and the right shell. One end of the air pipe is fixedly connected with the air inlet nozzle, and the other end of the air pipe is fixedly connected with the connecting air nozzle.

In the invention, two rotating protrusions on the trigger are coaxial and are respectively positioned in the left rotating groove of the left shell and the right rotating groove of the right shell. The trigger can rotate about the axis of the rotary projection. Two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the trigger and the control valve through connecting rod pins. When the trigger is pulled, the control valve can move along the axial direction of the valve tube.

In the invention, the medicine bottle component comprises a medicine storage bottle, a medicine bottle rack, a transfusion tube and a screw. The medicine bottle rack is fixedly connected with the left shell and the right shell through screws. The medicine storage bottle is sleeved on the medicine bottle rack. One end of the transfusion tube is inserted into the opening of the medicine storage bottle, and the other end is connected to the water inlet valve cover.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the existing pneumatic needleless injector in the market adopts an integral shell structure, is difficult to process and manufacture and has heavy mass. The pneumatic needleless injector adopts the scheme of combining the inner shell and the left and right outer shells, and most moving parts are arranged in the metal inner shell, so that the strength and service life requirements of the injector are ensured, and the weight of the injector is reduced; 2. the piston of the existing pneumatic needleless injector is generally provided with a magnet with larger size, so that the mass of the whole injector is increased, and the unstable performance of the product is caused by the difference of different magnet forces. According to the invention, the scheme that the sealing ring is matched with the small magnet is adopted, so that the dependence on the attraction force of the magnet is reduced, the stability of the product is improved, and the quality of the injector is reduced; 3. in the existing pneumatic needleless injector, a piston and a plunger are connected by adopting an elastic element, and the elastic element is difficult to process and manufacture and is easier to damage. The piston in the invention adopts a clamping groove structure to connect the plunger, so that the structure is simple, the processing is easier, and the disassembly and the disinfection are more convenient; 4. the prior pneumatic needleless injector adopts a common medical disposable injector as a medicine storage device, and when liquid medicine is transferred from a medicine bottle to the medical disposable injector, the liquid medicine is easily polluted if the operation is not proper. The invention adopts the ready-made medicine bottle for medicine charging and is matched with the infusion tube for conveying the liquid medicine, thereby avoiding the process of medicine suction by using a medical disposable syringe, and having more convenient and safe use; 5. the existing pneumatic needleless injector adopts a single finger to pull the trigger, and when vaccine injection is carried out on a large-scale farm, the finger pulls the trigger, so that the fatigue of personnel is easily caused. The invention adopts a long trigger structure, can trigger by fingers of both hands, and can reduce the fatigue feeling of fingers during mass injection.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a syringe configuration of the present invention;

figure 2 is a block diagram of a dose dial assembly;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the housing assembly;

FIG. 4 is a view of the piston assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a piston installation;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a vial assembly;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the control valve assembly;

FIG. 8 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a view showing the construction of the syringe assembly;

FIG. 10 is a view showing the structure of the syringe after being filled with the liquid medicine;

FIG. 11 is a view showing the construction of the injector after the trigger has been pulled off and the injection has been completed;

fig. 12 is an external view of a pneumatic needleless injector.

The figure shows that: <xnotran> 1, 1-1, 1-1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-3-1, 1-4, 1-5, 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 2, 2-1, 2-1-1, 2-1-2, 2-1-3, 2-1-4, 2-1-5, 2-2, 2-2-1, 2-2-2, 2-3, 2-3-1 2-4, 2-5, 2-6, 2-7, 3, 3-1, 3-1-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 3-5, 3-6, 4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 2-7, 5, 5-1, 5-1-1, 5-1-2, 5-1-3, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-4-1, 5-5, </xnotran> 5-6 parts of control valve spring, 5-7 parts of valve cover sealing ring, 5-8 parts of control valve sealing ring, 6-1 parts of needle cylinder assembly, 6-1 parts of tightening nut, 6-2 parts of needle cylinder, 6-2-2 parts of needle cylinder sealing inclined plane, 6-2-1 parts of liquid medicine cavity, 6-3 parts of water inlet valve cover, 6-3-1 parts of sealing inclined plane, 6-4 parts of water inlet valve core, 6-5 parts of water inlet valve core spring, 6-6 parts of water inlet valve seat sealing ring, 6-7 parts of water inlet valve core sealing ring, 6-8 parts of water inlet valve cover sealing ring, 6-9 parts of water inlet valve seat, 6-10 parts of nozzle sealing ring, 6-11 parts of nozzle, 6-11-1 parts of nozzle hole, 6-12 parts of water outlet valve core spring, 6-13 parts of water outlet valve core sealing ring and 6-14 parts of water outlet valve core.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a pneumatic needleless injector is designed. Comprises a dose adjusting pipe 1-1, a dose adjusting pipe air passing hole 1-1-1, a magnet 1-2, an air passing cover 1-3, an air passing cover hole 1-3-1, a one-way valve 1-4, a rubber sleeve 1-5, an end cover 1-6, an adjusting knob 1-7, a fixing screw 1-8, a shell 2-1, a front cavity air hole 2-1, a rear cavity air hole 2-1-2, a piston cavity 2-1-3, a piston rod cavity 2-1-4, a valve cavity 2-1-5, a left shell 2-2, a left rotating groove 2-2-1, an exhaust hole 2-2-2, a right shell 2-3, a right rotating groove 2-3-1 air inlet nozzle 2-4, an air pipe 2-5, a connecting air nozzle 2-6, a left rotating groove 2-2-1, an exhaust hole 2-2, a right shell 2-3, a right rotating groove 2-3-1 air inlet nozzle 2-4, an air pipe 2-5, a connecting air nozzle 2-6 2-7 parts of screw, 3-1 parts of piston, 3-1-1 parts of plunger clamping groove, 3-2 parts of plunger, 3-3 parts of piston head sealing ring, 3-4 parts of piston sealing ring, 3-5 parts of piston rod sealing ring, 3-6 parts of plunger sealing ring, 4-1 parts of medicine storage bottle, 4-2 parts of medicine bottle rack, 4-3 parts of infusion tube, 2-7 parts of screw, 5-1 parts of valve tube, 5-1-1 parts of valve tube front hole, 5-1-2 parts of valve tube middle hole, 5-1-3 parts of valve tube rear hole, 5-2 parts of control valve, 5-3 parts of connecting rod, 5-4 parts of trigger, 5-4-1 parts of rotary protrusion, 5-5 parts of connecting rod pin, 5-6 parts of control valve spring, 5-7 parts of valve cover sealing ring, 5-8 parts of control valve sealing ring, 6-1 of a tightening nut, 6-2 of a needle cylinder, 6-2-1 of a liquid medicine cavity, 6-2-2 of a needle cylinder sealing inclined plane, 6-3 of a water inlet valve cover, 6-3-1 of a sealing inclined plane, 6-4 of a water inlet valve core, 6-5 of a water inlet valve core spring, 6-6 of a water inlet valve seat sealing ring, 6-7 of a water inlet valve core sealing ring, 6-8 of a water inlet valve cover sealing ring, 6-9 of a water inlet valve seat, 6-10 of a nozzle sealing ring, 6-11 of a nozzle, 6-11-1 of a nozzle hole, 6-12 of a water outlet valve core spring, 6-13 of a water outlet valve core sealing ring and 6-14 of a water outlet valve core. As shown in fig. 1, one end of the cylinder 6-2 is inserted into a groove at one end of the inner housing 2-1, and the cylinder 6-2 and the inner housing 2-1 are fixedly coupled by tightening the nut 6-1. As shown in figure 9, the water outlet valve core 6-14 is positioned in the cavity at one end of the needle cylinder 6-2, and the water outlet valve core sealing ring 6-13 is sleeved on the water outlet valve core 6-14. The nozzle 6-11 is provided with a nozzle hole 6-11-1, and the nozzle 6-11 is fixedly connected with the needle cylinder 6-2 through threads. The nozzle packing 6-10 is located in the groove between the nozzle 6-11 and the cylinder 6-2. One end of the valve core spring 6-12 is positioned in the nozzle 6-11, the other end is attached to the water outlet valve core 6-14, and the water outlet valve core sealing ring 6-13 is tightly attached to the needle cylinder sealing inclined plane 6-2-2 under the action of the valve core spring 6-12. The water inlet valve seat 6-9 is fixedly connected with the needle cylinder 6-2 through threads. The water inlet valve seat sealing ring 6-6 is positioned in the groove between the water inlet valve seat 6-9 and the needle cylinder 6-2. The water inlet valve cover 6-3 is fixedly connected with the water inlet valve seat 6-9 through threads. The inlet valve cover sealing ring 6-8 is positioned in the groove between the inlet valve cover 6-3 and the inlet valve seat 6-9. The water inlet valve core sealing ring 6-7 is sleeved on the water inlet valve core 6-4. The water inlet valve core 6-4 and the water inlet valve core spring 6-5 are positioned in a cavity between the water inlet valve cover 6-3 and the water inlet valve seat 6-9. One end of a water inlet valve core spring 6-5 is attached to the water inlet valve core 6-4, and the other end is attached to the water inlet valve seat 6-9. Under the action of the water inlet valve core spring 6-5, the water inlet valve core sealing ring 6-7 is tightly attached to the sealing inclined surface 6-3-1 of the water inlet valve cover 6-3.

As shown in FIG. 5, a plunger slot 3-1-1 is provided on the piston 3-1, and the end of the plunger 3-2 is inserted from the plunger slot 3-1-1 in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure and is coaxial with the piston 3-1. As shown in fig. 4, the plunger seal 3-6 is fitted in a groove at one end of the plunger 3-2. And a piston rod sealing ring 3-5 is sleeved in a groove at the piston rod end of the piston 3-1. The piston sealing ring 3-4 is sleeved in the groove at the piston end. The piston head sealing ring 3-3 is sleeved in a groove of the piston head. As shown in figure 1, one end of the plunger 3-2 provided with the plunger sealing ring 3-6 is positioned in the liquid medicine cavity 6-2-1 of the syringe 6-2. One end of the piston 3-1 is located in the piston chamber 2-1-3 adjacent to the dose regulator tube 1-1. The other end is located in the piston rod chamber 2-1-4. The piston 3-1 can move along the axial direction of the piston cavity 2-1-3 under the action of gas. As shown in figure 2, the air cap 1-3 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the large end of the dosage adjusting tube 1-1, and the air cap sealing ring 1-10 is positioned in the groove between the inner cavity of the large end of the dosage adjusting tube 1-1 and the air cap 1-3. The magnet 1-2 is fixedly arranged in a groove at one end of the air passing cover 1-3, and the end surface of the magnet is flush with the end surface of the air passing cover 1-3. One end of the one-way valve 1-4 is fixedly connected in a threaded hole at the other end of the air passing cover 1-3 through threads. The rubber sleeve 1-5 is sleeved at the other end of the one-way valve 1-4. Two dose adjusting pipe sealing rings 1-9 are respectively sleeved in the grooves of the dose adjusting pipes 1-1. The small end of the dose control tube 1-1 is connected with the end cap 1-6 by screw thread. The adjusting knob 1-7 is sleeved at the small end of the dose adjusting tube 1-1, and the adjusting knob 1-7 is fixedly connected with the dose adjusting tube 1-1 through a fixing screw 1-8. As shown in fig. 1, the large end of the dose regulating tube 1-1 is located in a piston chamber 2-1-3 in the inner housing 2-1. The end cover 1-6 is fixedly connected with the inner shell 2-1 through threads. When the dosage is regulated, the dosage regulating tube 1-1 is driven to rotate together by rotating the regulating knob 1-7, and the dosage regulating tube 1-1 can generate certain axial displacement, so that the axial position of the piston 3-1 after medicine suction can be regulated, the amount of sucked liquid medicine is regulated, and the purpose of regulating the dosage is achieved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the valve tube 5-1 is fixedly installed in the valve chamber 2-1-5. The valve cover sealing ring 5-7 is positioned in the groove between the valve pipe 5-1 and the valve cavity 2-1-5. The control valve sealing ring 5-8 is sleeved on the control valve 5-2. The control valve 5-2 is located in a cavity inside the valve tube 5-1 and is movable in the axial direction of the valve tube 5-1. The control valve spring 5-6 is positioned in the valve pipe 5-1, one end of the control valve spring is attached to the end face of the control valve 5-2, and the other end of the control valve spring is attached to the inner bosses of the left shell 2-2 and the right shell 2-3. As shown in fig. 1 and 8, two rotary protrusions 5-4-1 on the trigger 5-4 are coaxially located in the left rotary groove 2-2-1 of the left housing 2-2 and the right rotary groove 2-3-1 of the right housing 2-3, respectively. The trigger 5-4 can be rotated about the axis of the rotary protrusion 5-4-1. Two ends of the connecting rod 5-3 are respectively hinged with the trigger 5-4 and the control valve 5-2 through connecting rod pins 5-5. When the trigger 5-4 is pulled, the control valve 5-2 can move towards the direction of compressing the control valve spring 5-6 along the axial direction of the valve pipe 5-1 under the driving of the connecting rod 5-3. The trigger 5-4 is released, and the trigger 5-4 and the control valve 5-2 are reset under the action of the control valve spring 5-6.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the left and right cases 2-2 and 2-3 enclose the inner case 2-1 inside, and the screws 2-7 fixedly connect the left and right cases 2-2 and 2-3 together. The air inlet nozzle 2-4 is fixedly connected with the air inlet of the inner shell 2-1 through threads. The connecting air tap 2-6 is clamped in a hole between the left shell 2-2 and the right shell 2-3, one end of the connecting air tap is positioned inside the left shell 2-2 and the right shell 2-3, and the other end of the connecting air tap is positioned outside the left shell 2-2 and the right shell 2-3 and is used for being connected with an air source. One end of the air pipe 2-5 is fixedly connected with the air inlet nozzle 2-4, and the other end is fixedly connected with the connecting air nozzle 2-6.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the vial holder 4-2 is fixedly connected to the left and right cases 2-2 and 2-3 by screws 2-7. The medicine storage bottle 4-1 is sleeved on the medicine bottle rack 4-2. One end of the transfusion tube 4-3 is inserted into the opening part of the medicine storage bottle 4-1, and the other end is connected with the water inlet valve cover 6-3.

As shown in fig. 10, after the air source is connected, high-pressure air of the air source flows in from the connecting air faucet 2-6, and flows through the air pipe 2-5, the air inlet nozzle 2-4, the valve cavity 2-1-5, the valve pipe middle hole 5-1-2, the valve pipe front hole 5-1-1 and the front cavity air hole 2-1-1 into one side of the piston cavity 2-1-3 along the path marked by the solid arrow in fig. 10, the air pushes the impact piston 3-1 to the direction of the dose adjusting component 1, and the big end of the piston 3-1 is attached to the end face of the dose adjusting pipe 1-1. The gas on the other side of the piston cavity 2-1-3 flows through a gas cover hole 1-3-1, a dose adjusting pipe gas hole 1-1-1, a rear cavity gas hole 2-1-2, a valve pipe rear hole 5-1-3 and a gas exhaust hole 2-2-2 respectively along the path marked by the dotted line arrow in figure 10 and is exhausted into the atmosphere. The piston 3-1 pulls the plunger 3-2 to the same direction, the volume of the liquid medicine cavity 6-2-1 is increased, the liquid medicine cavity 6-2-1 generates vacuum, and at the moment, under the action of the atmospheric pressure and the water outlet valve core spring 6-12, the end part of the needle cylinder 6-2 is in a sealed state. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the liquid medicine in the medicine storage bottle 4-1 is pressed into the water inlet valve cover 6-3, the water inlet valve core 6-4 is pushed open, and the liquid medicine flows into the liquid medicine cavity 6-2-1 and fills the liquid medicine cavity 6-2-1.

When injecting, the nozzle 6-11 is pressed against the injection site of human or animal. As shown in FIG. 11, when the trigger 5-4 is pulled, the air in the side of the piston chamber 2-1-3 flows through the front chamber air hole 2-1-1 and the valve tube front hole 5-1-1 into the atmosphere along the path marked by the dotted arrow in FIG. 11. High-pressure gas of a gas source flows in from a connecting air tap 2-6, and flows through a gas pipe 2-5, a gas inlet nozzle 2-4, a valve cavity 2-1-5, a valve pipe middle hole 5-1-2, a valve pipe rear hole 5-1-3, a rear cavity gas hole 2-1-2, a dose adjusting pipe through gas hole 1-1-1 and a gas cap hole 1-3-1 along a path marked by a solid arrow in figure 11, acts on the head of a piston 3-1, and the acting area is the sectional area of the gas cap hole 1-3-1, and at the moment, thrust borne by the piston 3-1 just can overcome the suction force and the friction force of a magnet 1-2 to start slow movement. When the piston 3-1 moves to the position that the piston head sealing ring 3-3 just breaks away from the air cover hole 1-3-1, high-pressure air of an air source enters one side of the piston cavity 2-1-3 and acts on the whole cross section area of the large end of the piston 3-1, air thrust is increased rapidly, and the piston 3-1 is pushed rapidly in the direction away from the dose adjusting tube 1-1. After the piston 3-1 impacts the plunger 3-2, the plunger 3-2 is pushed to move together. The plunger 3-2 extrudes the liquid medicine in the liquid medicine cavity 6-2-1, the pressure of the liquid medicine is increased sharply, the sealing ring 6-7 of the water inlet valve core is tightly attached to the sealing inclined surface 6-3-1 of the water inlet valve cover 6-3 under the action of the pressure of the liquid medicine and the spring 6-5 of the water inlet valve core, and the water inlet valve cover 6-3 is in a sealing state. The high-pressure liquid medicine pushes away the water outlet valve core 6-14, is sprayed out from the nozzle hole 6-11-1 at the end of the nozzle 6-11 at high speed to pierce the skin, and enters the subcutaneous or muscular tissue to achieve the purpose of needleless injection.

After injection is finished, the nozzle 6-11 is separated from the injection position of a human or an animal, the trigger 5-4 is released, air flows according to the paths of a solid arrow and a dotted arrow marked in the figure 10, the piston 3-1 and the plunger 3-2 are reset, the liquid medicine cavity 6-2-1 is filled with liquid medicine again, and next injection is waited.

Claims

1. A pneumatic needleless injector is characterized by comprising a dose adjusting component (1), a shell component (2), a piston component (3), a medicine bottle component (4), a control valve component (5) and a syringe component (6), wherein the dose adjusting component (1) comprises a dose adjusting tube (1-1), a magnet (1-2), a gas passing cover (1-3), a one-way valve (1-4), a rubber sleeve (1-5), an end cover (1-6), an adjusting knob (1-7), a fixing screw (1-8), a dose adjusting tube sealing ring (1-9) and a gas passing cover sealing ring (1-10), the big end of the dose adjusting tube (1-1) is positioned in a piston cavity (2-1-3) in the inner shell (2-1), the air passing cover (1-3) is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the big end of the dose adjusting tube (1-1), the air passing cover sealing ring (1-10) is positioned in a groove between the inner cavity of the big end of the dose adjusting tube (1-1) and the air passing cover (1-3), the magnet (1-2) is fixedly arranged in the groove at one end of the air passing cover (1-3), the end surface is flush with the end surface of the air passing cover (1-3), one end of the check valve (1-4) is fixedly connected in a threaded hole at the other end of the air passing cover (1-3) through threads The rubber sleeve (1-5) is sleeved at the other end of the one-way valve (1-4), two dosage adjusting pipe sealing rings (1-9) are respectively sleeved in a groove outside the dosage adjusting pipe (1-1), an end cover (1-6) is fixedly connected with an inner shell (2-1) through threads, the small end of the dosage adjusting pipe (1-1) is connected with the end cover (1-6) through threads, an adjusting knob (1-7) is sleeved at the small end of the dosage adjusting pipe (1-1) and fixedly connected with the dosage adjusting pipe (1-1) through a fixing screw (1-8), the needle cylinder component (6) comprises a screwing nut (6-1), a needle cylinder (6-2), a water inlet valve cover (6-3), a water inlet valve core (6-4), a water inlet valve core spring (6-5), a water inlet valve seat sealing ring (6-6), a water inlet sealing ring (6-7), a water inlet valve cover sealing ring (6-8), a water inlet valve seat (6-9), a nozzle sealing ring (6-10), a nozzle (6-10), a water outlet valve core (6-12) and a water outlet spring (6-1) inserted into a groove of the inner shell (6-1-6), a needle cylinder (6-2) is fixedly connected with an inner shell (2-1) by screwing a nut (6-1), a water outlet valve core (6-14) is positioned in a cavity at one end of the needle cylinder (6-2), a water outlet valve core sealing ring (6-13) is sleeved outside the water outlet valve core (6-14), a nozzle (6-11) is fixedly connected with the needle cylinder (6-2) through threads, a nozzle sealing ring (6-10) is positioned in a groove between the nozzle (6-11) and the needle cylinder (6-2), one end of a valve core spring (6-12) is positioned in the nozzle (6-11), the other end of the valve core spring is attached to the water outlet valve core (6-14), the water outlet valve core sealing ring (6-13) is combined with a needle cylinder sealing inclined plane (6-2-2) under the action of the valve core spring (6-12), a water inlet valve seat (6-9) is fixedly attached to the needle cylinder (6-2) through threads, a water inlet valve seat (6-6) is positioned between the water inlet valve seat (6-9) and a valve cover (6-2), a water inlet valve cover (6-6) is connected with a water valve cover (6-2) through threads, a water inlet valve cover (6-9) and a water valve cover (6-6) is positioned in a water inlet valve cover (6-6 groove, the water inlet valve core sealing ring (6-7) is sleeved outside the water inlet valve core (6-4), the water inlet valve core (6-4) and the water inlet valve core spring (6-5) are positioned in a cavity between the water inlet valve cover (6-3) and the water inlet valve seat (6-9), one end of the water inlet valve core spring (6-5) is attached to the water inlet valve core (6-4), the other end of the water inlet valve core spring is attached to the water inlet valve seat (6-9), the water inlet valve core sealing ring (6-7) is tightly attached to a sealing inclined plane (6-3-1) of the water inlet valve cover (6-3) under the action of the water inlet valve core spring (6-5), the piston assembly (3) comprises a piston (3-1), a plunger (3-2), a piston head sealing ring (3-3), a piston sealing ring (3-4), a piston rod sealing ring (3-5) and a plunger sealing ring (3-6), the plunger sealing ring (3-6) is sleeved in a groove at one end of the plunger (3-2), the piston rod sealing ring (3-1) is sleeved in a groove of the piston head of the piston (3-1), and a groove of the piston (3-1) is arranged in the piston head groove of the piston assembly (3-1), the end part of the plunger (3-2) is inserted from a plunger clamping groove (3-1-1) and then is coaxial with the piston (3-1), one end of the plunger (3-2) provided with a plunger sealing ring (3-6) is positioned in a liquid medicine cavity (6-2-1) of the needle cylinder (6-2), one end of the piston (3-1) is positioned in the piston cavity (2-1-3) and is adjacent to the dose adjusting pipe (1-1), the other end of the piston is positioned in a piston rod cavity (2-1-4), the piston (3-1) can move along the axial direction of the piston cavity (2-1-3), the piston (3-1) can drive the plunger (3-2) to move together, the control valve component (5) comprises a valve pipe (5-1), a control valve (5-2), a connecting rod (5-3), a connecting rod pin (5-4), a connecting rod pin (5-5), a control valve spring (5-6), a valve cover (5-7) and a control valve pipe (5-8), the valve pipe (5-1) is fixedly arranged in the valve cavity (5-1-7) and the valve cavity (5-1-2), a control valve sealing ring (5-8) is sleeved on the control valve (5-2), the control valve (5-2) is positioned in a cavity inside the valve pipe (5-1) and can move along the axial direction of the valve pipe (5-1), a control valve spring (5-6) is positioned in the valve pipe (5-1), one end of the control valve spring is attached to the end face of the control valve (5-2), the other end of the control valve spring is attached to the left shell (2-2) and an inner boss of the right shell, the shell assembly (2) comprises an inner shell (2-1), a left shell (2-2), a right shell (2-3), an air inlet nozzle (2-4), an air pipe (2-5), a connecting air nozzle (2-6) and a screw (2-7), the left shell (2-2) and the right shell (2-3) wrap the inner shell (2-1) inside, the left shell (2-2) and the right shell (2-3) are fixedly connected together by screws (2-7), the air inlet nozzle (2-4) is fixedly connected with the air inlet of the inner shell (2-1) through threads, the connecting air nozzle (2-6) is clamped in a hole between the left shell (2-2) and the right shell (2-3), one end of the connecting air nozzle is positioned inside the left shell (2-2) and the right shell (2-3), the other end of the air pipe is positioned outside the left shell (2-2) and the right shell (2-3), one end of the air pipe (2-5) is fixedly connected with the air inlet nozzle (2-4), the other end of the air pipe is fixedly connected with the connecting air nozzle (2-6), two rotating protrusions (5-4-1) on the trigger (5-4) are coaxial and are respectively positioned in a left rotating groove (2-2-1) of the left shell (2-2) and a right rotating groove (2-3-1) of the right shell (2-3), the trigger (5-4) can rotate around the axis of the rotating protrusions (5-4-1), two ends of the connecting rod (5-3) are respectively hinged with the trigger (5-4) and the control valve (5-2) through a connecting rod pin (5-5), and when the trigger (5-4) is pulled, the control valve (5-2) can move along the axis direction of the valve pipe (5-1).

2. The pneumatic needleless injector according to claim 1, wherein the medicine bottle assembly (4) comprises a medicine bottle (4-1), a medicine bottle rack (4-2), a transfusion tube (4-3) and screws (2-7), the medicine bottle rack (4-2) is fixedly connected with the left shell (2-2) and the right shell (2-3) through the screws (2-7), the medicine bottle (4-1) is sleeved on the medicine bottle rack (4-2), one end of the transfusion tube (4-3) is inserted into the mouth of the medicine bottle (4-1), and the other end of the transfusion tube is connected to the water inlet valve cover (6-3).