CN106511297B - A kind of adriamycin nano particle of size tunable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of adriamycin nano particle of size tunable and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN106511297B
CN106511297B CN201610819358.6A CN201610819358A CN106511297B CN 106511297 B CN106511297 B CN 106511297B CN 201610819358 A CN201610819358 A CN 201610819358A CN 106511297 B CN106511297 B CN 106511297B
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adriamycin
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polyethylene glycol
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poly
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CN106511297A (en
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陈俊
谢进
胡毅
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Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
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    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
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    • A61K9/5161Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, chitosan, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/337Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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    • A61K31/7034Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
    • A61K31/704Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/51Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
    • A61K9/5107Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/513Organic macromolecular compounds; Dendrimers
    • A61K9/5146Organic macromolecular compounds; Dendrimers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyamines, polyanhydrides

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of adriamycin nano particles of size tunable, it for kernel, is wrapped up the kernel by self assembly by polyethylene glycol-adriamycin beta-cyclodextrin modified with poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) and is formed with Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate (TPGS).The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the adriamycin nano particle.Different from the nano particle of traditional formation by chemical bond and the method preparation of fracture, adriamycin nano grain diameter of the invention is controllable, preparation process is simple, reaction condition is mild, raw material is easily obtained, and has good biological safety and histocompatbility.

Description

A kind of adriamycin nano particle of size tunable and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparations of nano particle and biologic applications field, and in particular to a kind of adriamycin of size tunable is received Rice grain and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
For a long time, researcher has been devoted to study a kind of organic polymer nanometer that can prepare size tunable The method of particle.In the past few decades, numerous studies are made that in the biology of nano particle and the application aspect of pharmaceutical field, And there are several different types of nano particles to obtain different field, different degrees of application.For example, the corresponding tool of modification There are gold nano grain, the superparamagnetic nanoparticle of the molecule of targeting, can be used for showing interior tumor cell;Drug molecule is repaired It adorns on nanoparticle, anti-tumor drug can be made in lesions position slow release by certain transporting mechanism, this can be big The big side effect for reducing anticancer drug, while extending drug treating time, improve drugs against tumor effect;In addition, nano particle Iconography is applied also for, for Real-time and Dynamic Detection such as MRI, PET etc..
However, the synthesis of nano particle still faces problems with using upper, for example, the size and form of nano particle Not easy to control, biological safety is low and immunogenicity is strong, and human recycle system stablizes bad, and then is difficult smoothly to reach lesion, The problems such as not degradable in vivo.
Summary of the invention
To overcome technological deficiency existing in the prior art, an object of the present invention be to provide a kind of size tunable Ah Mycin nano particle.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the preparation methods of the adriamycin nano particle.
The adriamycin nano particle of size tunable provided by the invention using Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate as kernel, It is wrapped up in described by the modified beta-cyclodextrin of polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) by self assembly Karyomorphism at.
Specifically, the adriamycin nano particle of size tunable of the invention includes outer layer, middle layer and kernel, In, kernel is Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate (TPGS), and middle layer is that poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) is modified Beta-cyclodextrin (p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD), plays function served as bridge in the assembling of nano particle, and adriamycin can be by super Molecular action is embedded into the hydrophobic internal cavities of cyclodextrin, and the hydrophobic segment in poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) then can be with Interior nuclear interaction plays the role of connecting kernel and outer layer.Outer layer is then polyethylene glycol-adriamycin (mPEG-DOX), knot Structure is as follows:
During host-guest molecular self-assembling, the hydrophobicity of cyclodextrin inner chamber and the benzene ring structure of adriamycin are utilized Interaction, adriamycin end are embedded into the inner cavity of cyclodextrin, and the polyethylene glycol end for connecting adriamycin forms hydrophilic outer layer.
In adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention, polyethylene glycol tocopheryl succinate can be adjusted according to the requirement of partial size The dosage of acid esters.In embodiments of the present invention, the quality of the Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate kernel is described poly- 0.05~20 times of the beta-cyclodextrin gross mass that ethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) are modified;Preferably 0.1~10 times;More preferably 0.2~5 times.
In adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention, kernel also may include other active components, especially can be with Ah mould Element combination increases the anti-tumor drug of anti-tumor activity.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also contain in the kernel There is paclitaxel nano crystal, taxol and adriamycin combination can produce synergistic function, thus can greatly improve nano particle Anti-tumor activity, by adjust taxol the adjustable paclitaxel nano crystal of dosage size, and then also be adjusted receive Rice grain particle size;Moreover, the structure of taxol can also preferably with the ethylene linkage end in poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) In conjunction with to form more stable nano particle.
In adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention, poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) modified β-ring paste Essence is poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) and hexamethylene diamine-beta-cyclodextrin as obtained by coupling reaction.Its preparation process is in EDC/ It under NHS effect, can be carried out in DMSO equal solvent, the pH value for adjusting reaction system is 8.0~9.0, is stirred at room temperature 48~72 Hour, after reaction with phosphate buffer dialysis (pH8.0~9.0) 36~48 hours, after freeze-drying to obtain the final product, and in low Temperature saves.
In adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention, the average molecular weight of poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) It can be 5000~10000.
In adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention, the polymerization degree n of polyethylene glycol can in the polyethylene glycol-adriamycin Think 45~450, molecular weight can be 2000~20000.
Existing method can be used in the preparation of polyethylene glycol-adriamycin, can also be such as following procedure: by mPEG- hydrazides and Ah mould Element is dissolved in anhydrous polar solvent, and excess of triethylamine is added, and room temperature is protected from light, and 48~72h of stirring makes its fully reacting, pure Change.The molar ratio of mPEG- hydrazides and adriamycin can be 1:0.2~5, preferably 1:1.5~2.0.It can be used in reaction process NaOH solution etc. adjusts the pH value of reaction system, keeps it in 8.0~10.0, preferably 8.5~9.0.
It also may include having one of surfactant, emulsifier or more in adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention Kind, can partly or entirely substitute kernel is Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate (TPGS).For example, can be surfactant IGEPAL CO-520, emulsifier PluronicF 127 etc..
The preparation method of adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention, comprising the following steps:
S1: the modified beta-cyclodextrin of polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) is soluble in water super Self assembly is carried out under the conditions of sound, freeze-drying obtains supramolecular complex;
S2: Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate and optional paclitaxel nano crystal are dissolved in dehydrated alcohol and are made Obtain emulsion;
S3: the resulting supramolecular complex of step S1 is soluble in water, then emulsion obtained by step S2 is added thereto, Dehydrated alcohol is volatilized, is centrifuged after 0.45 μm of membrane filtration up to the adriamycin nano particle.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in the resulting emulsion of step S2, Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate and optional Paclitaxel nano Crystallization nano-micelle form.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the polyethylene glycol-adriamycin is modified with poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) The mass ratio of beta-cyclodextrin is 1:50~60.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in the step S1, by polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic acid Acid anhydride) modified beta-cyclodextrin is soluble in water, and adjusting pH value is 8.0~9.0, carries out self assembly.
The host-guest between p (IB-alt-MAnh) and mPEG-DOX is utilized certainly in adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention Group reaction cartridge forms nano particle, and hydrazone bond has acid-sensitive in mPEG-DOX molecule, and under acidic environment, mPEG-DOX is released Doxorubicin molecules, and under organism physiological environment (pH7.35~7.45), mPEG-DOX will not be hydrolyzed, and will not discharge Ah Mycin molecule.On the other hand, adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention joined the molecule TPGS with surface-active, together When wrap up hydrophobic antitumor drug paclitaxel (PTX), adjust taxol dosage be adjusted nano particle size.TPGS with PTX forms hydrophobic inner core, facilitates hydrophobic drug taxol in the intracorporal transport of machine, the smaller nano particle of size is more easy to Into inside tumor tissues.After adriamycin nano particle provided by the invention reaches in tumor tissues, mPEG-DOX occurs to divide Solution, DOX, PTX are released, the two drug combination, are had synergistic effect, can be significantly improved anti-tumor activity, the targeting of drug Property is stronger, and therapeutic effect greatly enhances.
Different from the nano particle of traditional formation by chemical bond and the method preparation of fracture, nanometer of the invention Grain preparation process is simple, and reaction condition is mild, and raw material is easily obtained, and assembles final resulting nano particle using ultrasonic power, Granular size is also adjusted by changing ultrasound condition.Nano particle of the invention has good biological safety and tissue phase Capacitive prepares nano particle using the host-guest self-assembling reaction between supermolecule, can modify the anti-of adriamycin even multiple combinations Cancer drug greatly enhances curative effect of medication to play the synergistic effect of anti-tumor drug.In addition, nano particle prepared by the present invention With acid-sensitive, the release of drug is more conducive in the acidic environment of tumor tissues.On the other hand, pass through the use of adjusting TPGS Amount, can be convenient the partial size of regulation nano particle, while can also play the role of a nanometer bridge, make the nano particle to be formed in organism It is with good stability under physiological environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD's made from the embodiment of the present invention1H-NMR figure.
Fig. 2 is p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD to breast cancer cell MCF-7 cell strain and adriamycin breast carcinoma cell strain The Toxic test results chart of MCF-7/ADR cell.
Fig. 3 is mPEG-DOX's made from the embodiment of the present invention1H-NMR figure.
The nano particle diameter point that Fig. 4 A-4C measures for DLS under the conditions of paclitaxel concentration different in the embodiment of the present invention Butut and transmission electron microscope results;Wherein, Fig. 4 A indicate PTX concentration be 0.5mg/ml when gained nano particle diameter distribution map and its Transmission electron microscope, Fig. 4 B indicate that gained nano particle diameter distribution map and its transmission electron microscope when PTX concentration is 1mg/ml, Fig. 4 C indicate Gained nano particle diameter distribution map and its transmission electron microscope when PTX concentration is 2mg/ml.
Fig. 5 is the FT-IR map of nano particle made from the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, so that the features and advantages of the present invention become apparent from.But it answers This points out that for embodiment for understanding design of the invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited only to reality listed herein Apply example.
Such as be not particularly illustrated, raw material used in embodiment be commercial product, it is used operation be this field Routine operation.
The preparation of the adriamycin nano particle of embodiment size tunable
1, the preparation of poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) modified beta-cyclodextrin (p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD)
(1) by poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride), (p (IB-alt-MAnh), Mn (0.5K-1K) is dissolved in DMSO, dense Degree is 5-15mg/ml;
(2) 1- ethyl-(3- dimethylaminopropyl) 2-3 times of maleic anhydride of carbodiimide hydrochloride molar ratio is added Repeat chain number;
(3) pH to 8.0-9.0 of acquired solution is adjusted;
(4) N- hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) (EDC:NHS molar ratio=1:1) is added in 10-20min;
(5) hexamethylene diamine-beta-cyclodextrin is dissolved in DMSO (concentration 0.01-0.1mg/ml), magnetic agitation, obtains oneself two Amine-beta-cyclodextrin solution;
(6) 15-20min after NHS is added in step (4), by the resulting solution containing p (IB-alt-MAnh) with 60-80 Drop/minute speed is added in hexamethylene diamine-beta-cyclodextrin solution of step (5), is vigorously stirred simultaneously, 48-72 is stirred at room temperature Hour;
(7) the resulting solution of step (6) is subjected to phosphate buffer dialysis (pH 8.0-9.0) 36-48 hours,
(8) freeze-drying obtains white powder solid, is placed in -20 DEG C of preservations.
Shown in the following schema of the reaction process:
Reaction product p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD, which is dissolved in deuterium oxide, to be done1H-NMR, as a result as shown in Figure 1.
For the biocompatibility for further exploring the substance, selecting cell is human breast carcinoma cell lines MCF-7 and MCF- 7ADR cell tested (referring to [1] R.Namgung, Y.Mi Lee, J.Kim, Y.Jang, B.Lee, I.Kim, P.Sokkar, Y.M.Rhee,A.S.Hoffman,W.J.Kim,Poly-cyclodextrin and poly-paclitaxel nano- assembly for anticancer therapy.Nature Communications 5(2014).[2]X.Xu,X.Chen, Z.Wang,X.Jing,Ultrafine PEG–PLA fibers loaded with both paclitaxel and doxorubicin hydrochloride and their in vitro cytotoxicity.Eur J Pharm Biopharm 72 (1) (2009) 18-25.), as a result as shown in Fig. 2, abscissa indicates that p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD's is dense in figure Degree, ordinate indicate the cell activity to cell line.
2, the preparation of compound mPEG-DOX
(1) doxorubicin hydrochloride is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (concentration 1-100mg/ml), magnetic agitation;
(2) appropriate triethylamine is added, is 1.5 times of equivalents of doxorubicin hydrochloride;
(3) NaOH solution is added and adjusts pH value of solution to alkaline (pH=8.5-9.0);
(4) mPEG-HZ (Mw=2000-20000) is added, room temperature is protected from light, magnetic agitation 72h;
(5) a large amount of ether are added and are precipitated (10-15 times of liquor capacity);
(6) it is dried in vacuo, obtains mPEG-DOX red powder, be placed in -20 DEG C of preservations.
The reaction process shows following schema:
Product mPEG-DOX using deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent,1H-NMR result is as shown in Figure 3.
3, the preparation of p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD/mPEG-DOX nano particle
(1) p (IB-alt-MAnh) (10mg), mPEG-DOX (0.2mg) are dissolved in deionized water 2ml;
(2) pH to 8.0-9.0 is adjusted, room temperature is protected from light, ultrasound, 60~100W, 20K HZ;
(3) it is freeze-dried, obtains powder-like solid;
(4) by the solid powder after freeze-drying, it is dissolved in deionized water, concentration 3mg/ml;
(5) ultrasonic, 60~100W, 20K HZ, 10-20min are labeled as A;
(6) by Paclitaxel (PTX) (respectively 1mg/ml, 2mg/ml, 5mg/ml), vitamin E polyethylene glycol amber Acid esters (TPGS) (mass ratio TPGS:PTX=2:1) is dissolved in dehydrated alcohol, is sufficiently stirred, and is labeled as B;
(7) (1.0-1.5ml/min) is added dropwise in A in B by micro-injection pump, is vigorously stirred simultaneously, is surpassed after being added completely into Sound 60-100W, 20K HZ 10-20min;
(8) room temperature is protected from light, and magnetic agitation for 24 hours, makes dehydrated alcohol volatilize completely;
(9) 0.45 μm of membrane filtrations;
(10) 14000rpm, 10-15min centrifugation;
(11) supernatant is removed, precipitating is resuspended, ultrasonic (100W, 15min).
Survey dynamic light scattering (Malvern ZS90), as a result as shown in figs. 4 a-4 c, respectively indicate PTX concentration be 1mg/ml, Under the conditions of 2mg/ml, 5mg/ml, dynamic light scattering measures nano particle diameter size, and gained is received when PTX concentration is 0.5mg/ml Rice grain average grain diameter is 88.7 ± 4.5nm, when PTX concentration is 1mg/ml gained nano particle average grain diameter be 136.5 ± The gained nano particle grain that is averaged is 214.5 ± 7.4nm when 6.1nm, PTX concentration are 2mg/ml;Phosphotungstic acid dyeing, transmission electron microscope inspection Survey nano particle form.In addition, the FT-IR of Fig. 5 is the result shows that contain p (IB-alt-MAnh)-CD, mPEG- in nano particle HZ、TPGS、PTX。
By embodiment it is found that nano particle of the invention can control the partial size of nano particle by the amount of kernel taxol, Thus make its size tunable, to be conducive to enhance the stability of nano particle.
Unless limited otherwise, term used herein is the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art.
Embodiment described in the invention is merely for exemplary purpose, the protection scope being not intended to limit the invention, Those skilled in the art can be made within the scope of the invention various other replacements, changes and improvements, thus, the present invention is not limited to Above embodiment, and be only defined by the claims.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of adriamycin nano particle of size tunable, which is characterized in that with Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate be interior Core is passed through described in self assembly package as the modified beta-cyclodextrin of polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) Kernel is formed, wherein includes paclitaxel nano crystal in the kernel.
2. adriamycin nano particle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polyethylene glycol VE succinic acid The quality of ester kernel is the total matter of beta-cyclodextrin that the polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) are modified 0.05~20 times of amount.
3. adriamycin nano particle according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the polyethylene glycol VE succinic acid The quality of ester kernel is the total matter of beta-cyclodextrin that the polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) are modified 0.1~10 times of amount.
4. adriamycin nano particle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the polyethylene glycol VE succinic acid The quality of ester kernel is the total matter of beta-cyclodextrin that the polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) are modified 0.2~5 times of amount.
5. adriamycin nano particle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic acid Acid anhydride) modified beta-cyclodextrin is poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) and hexamethylene diamine-beta-cyclodextrin as obtained by coupling reaction.
6. adriamycin nano particle according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic acid Acid anhydride) average molecular weight 5000~10000.
7. adriamycin nano particle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that poly- second in the polyethylene glycol-adriamycin The degree of polymerization of glycol is 45~450.
8. adriamycin nano particle according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that the adriamycin nano particle It also include one of surfactant, emulsifier or a variety of.
9. the preparation method of any one of the claim 1-8 adriamycin nano particle, which comprises the following steps:
S1: certainly by the progress soluble in water of the modified beta-cyclodextrin of polyethylene glycol-adriamycin and poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride) Assembling, freeze-drying obtain supramolecular complex;
S2: Polyethylene glycol vitamin E succinate and taxol are dissolved in dehydrated alcohol, emulsion is made;
S3: the resulting supramolecular complex of step S1 is soluble in water, then emulsion obtained by step S2 is added thereto, surpass Sound volatilizes dehydrated alcohol, is centrifuged after 0.45 μm of membrane filtration up to the adriamycin nano particle.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the polyethylene glycol-adriamycin with it is described poly- (different Butylene-alt- maleic anhydride) mass ratio of modified beta-cyclodextrin is 1:50~60.
11. preparation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in the step S1, by polyethylene glycol-adriamycin Modified beta-cyclodextrin is soluble in water with poly- (isobutene-alt- maleic anhydride), and adjusting pH value is 8.0~9.0, carries out from group Dress.
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