CN106505840B - A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method - Google Patents

A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method Download PDF

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CN106505840B
CN106505840B CN201611092301.7A CN201611092301A CN106505840B CN 106505840 B CN106505840 B CN 106505840B CN 201611092301 A CN201611092301 A CN 201611092301A CN 106505840 B CN106505840 B CN 106505840B
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voltage
power grid
current
grid
signal
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CN106505840A (en
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程军照
王文玺
宫金武
姚济菲
张晶
徐秋蒙
孙建军
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Yunnan Power Grid Co Ltd
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Yunnan Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/20Active power filtering [APF]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management methods, including estimate electric network impedance, obtain electric network impedance estimated value;The voltage for detecting power grid, isolates side harmonics component of voltage from the voltage of power grid;According to the ratio of side harmonics component of voltage and electric network impedance estimated value, side harmonics electric current estimated value is obtained;Using the superposition value of side harmonics electric current estimated value and inverter side harmonic current as current control instruction value;The difference of current control instruction value and inverter side output electric current is subjected to Repetitive controller, and obtains modulation wave signal with the voltage superposition of power grid;According to modulation wave signal, the harmonic current in power grid is compensated using closed-loop control.Harmonic wave management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, without installing current transformer and active filter in network system, harmonic compensation effect is good, and cost of compensation is low.

Description

A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of electric power more particularly to a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management methods.
Background technique
In AC network, the electricity component different from work frequency is known as harmonic wave.Harmonic wave comes from various harmonic sources, harmonic wave Source includes various nonlinear loads.Harmonic wave causes line loss to increase, and makes environmental degradation locating for power equipment, in addition, harmonic wave It also will affect the normal operation of the communication system and equipment around AC network, or even cause the resonance of AC network part, from And make Harmonics amplification, cause serious safety accident.To improve grid power quality, harmonic pollution is reduced, harmonic wave is administered Important research direction as this field.
The preferable harmonic wave control mode of effect is to utilize the active filter based on electronic power convertor in the prior art It is filtered, active filter is the net side installation current transformer in power grid, utilizes the electricity of current transformer gathering line road It flows and is sampled, resulting sampled current signals are carried out to the processing of harmonic wave separation algorithm, obtain harmonic reference signal, as Modulated signal, to obtain switching signal, removes control power grid single-phase bridge with this switching signal, by upper and lower bridge compared with triangular wave The switching signal of arm is reversely connected, so that it may the harmonic current equal in magnitude, contrary with harmonic signal on line is obtained, thus and power grid In harmonic current offset.
But easily system power grid is had an impact in net side installation current transformer, the various aperiodic failures in power grid The high-frequency signals such as signal and Dynamic Signal, impact can prevent current transformer from working in stable state, and then make current transformer Progress of disease error increase, can not accurately obtain the electric current on route;In addition, it is expensive due to active filter, Filter out using active filter the higher cost of harmonic wave.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the problems in correlation technique, the present invention provides a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method.
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
Electric network impedance is estimated, electric network impedance estimated value is obtained;
The voltage for detecting power grid, isolates side harmonics component of voltage from the voltage of the power grid;
According to the ratio of the side harmonics component of voltage and the electric network impedance estimated value, obtains side harmonics electric current and estimate Calculation value;
Using the superposition value of the side harmonics electric current estimated value and inverter side harmonic current as current control instruction value;
The difference of the current control instruction value and inverter side output electric current is subjected to Repetitive controller, and the electricity with power grid Laminated adds to obtain modulation wave signal;
According to the modulation wave signal, the harmonic current in power grid is compensated using closed-loop control.
Preferably, described to estimate electric network impedance, obtaining electric network impedance estimated value includes:
Power grid is injected using non-harmonics current signal as electric current Injection Signal;
The voltage of power grid is sampled, the voltage responsive signal of the electric current Injection Signal is calculated;
According to the ratio of the voltage responsive signal and electric current Injection Signal, electric network impedance estimated value is obtained.
Preferably, the electric current Injection Signal includes the non-harmonics current signal of multiple and different frequency numbers, will The non-harmonics current signal of the multiple different frequency number is implanted sequentially power grid, successively calculates corresponding power grid resistance It is anti-, multiple electric network impedance estimation respective values are obtained, the average value of multiple electric network impedance estimation respective values is hindered as power grid Anti- estimated value.
Preferably, the voltage to power grid samples, and the voltage signal packet of the electric current Injection Signal is calculated It includes:
The voltage of power grid is sampled, sampled voltage is made into discrete Fourier transform, obtains the electric current Injection Signal Voltage signal.
Preferably, the voltage of the real-time detection power grid isolates side harmonics voltage point from the voltage of the power grid Amount includes:
The voltage of real-time detection power grid obtains its instantaneous voltage;
By the instantaneous voltage successively through coordinate transform, low-pass filter filtering processing and coordinate inverse transformation, institute is obtained State the fundamental voltage component of instantaneous voltage;
By the difference of the instantaneous voltage and the fundamental voltage component, side harmonics component of voltage is obtained.
Preferably, the sampled point sampled to the voltage of power grid is nonlinear load and grid-connected photovoltaic inverter in power grid Access the point of common coupling of power grid.
The technical solution that the embodiment of the present invention provides can include the following benefits:
Grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by estimating electric network impedance, Electric network impedance estimated value is obtained, and isolates side harmonics component of voltage from the voltage of power grid, according to side harmonics voltage point The ratio of amount and electric network impedance estimated value, obtains side harmonics electric current estimated value, does not need to install current transformer in net side, keep away Exempt from current transformer to have an adverse effect to operation of power networks and the problem of current transformer detected value inaccuracy;Further, Using side harmonics electric current estimated value and inverter side harmonic current superposition value as current control instruction value, current control is instructed Value carries out Repetitive controller with inverter side output current differential, and the voltage for being superimposed power grid obtains modulation wave signal, utilizes closed loop Control makes the compensation electric current of inverter output side harmonics electric current, and compensation effect is good and cost of compensation is lower.
It should be understood that above general description and following detailed description be only it is exemplary and explanatory, not It can the limitation present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows and meets implementation of the invention Example, and be used to explain the principle of the present invention together with specification.
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skill in the art Speech, without any creative labor, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic illustration of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow diagram of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention estimated electric network impedance;
Fig. 4 is that a kind of principle for separating net side harmonic voltage using discrete Fourier method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated Figure;
Fig. 5 is the system schematic equivalent circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention when estimating electric network impedance;
Fig. 6 is the schematic illustration of another separation net side harmonic voltage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic illustration that inverter side provided in an embodiment of the present invention exports current control.
Specific embodiment
Example embodiments are described in detail here, and the example is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.Following description is related to When attached drawing, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings indicate the same or similar elements.Following exemplary embodiment Described in embodiment do not represent all embodiments consistented with the present invention.On the contrary, they be only with it is such as appended The example of device and method being described in detail in claims, some aspects of the invention are consistent.
The embodiment of the present invention is applied to the network system containing grid-connected photovoltaic inverter, and inverter described in the present embodiment is equal Refer to grid-connected photovoltaic inverter.In the embodiment of the present invention, the harmonic current in power grid is compensated using inverter, without in electricity Current transformer and active filter are installed in net system.
Grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, be by estimate electric network impedance, and from The voltage harmonic component that power grid is isolated in the voltage on line side of power grid is estimated according to the voltage harmonic component of electric network impedance and power grid Side harmonics electric current out, and then the harmonic current in power grid is compensated using inverter.Referring to Fig. 1, implement for the present invention The schematic illustration for the harmonic wave management method that example provides, as shown in Figure 1, injecting non-harmonics into power grid using inverter Electric current ith, it is logical that network voltage is sampled, the impedance of power grid is estimated, further, by impedance correction, makes power grid Impedance estimation result is more accurate, after obtaining electric network impedance, harmonic current estimation is carried out, by the harmonic current estimated and inversion The output electric current of device is sent to controlling unit, and through SPWM modulation (Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation, just Taut pulse rushes width modulated) after, harmonic compensation current is obtained, input harmonics compensate electric current into power grid using inverter, thus real Existing harmonic wave control.
Referring to fig. 2, a kind of flow diagram for grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method that inventive embodiments provide, such as Shown in Fig. 2, harmonic wave management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
S110: estimating electric network impedance, obtains electric network impedance estimated value.
Referring to Fig. 3, it is the flow diagram provided in this embodiment estimated electric network impedance, specifically includes following step It is rapid:
S1101: power grid is injected using non-harmonics current signal as electric current Injection Signal;
Specifically, due to existing characteristics subharmonic current in power grid, select the first non-harmonics current signal ith1Power grid is injected, can detect that the voltage of power grid with the first non-harmonics current signal ith1The change injected and generated Change, to obtain electric network impedance estimated value.In the present embodiment, the first non-harmonics current signal ith1Frequency be preferably 75Hz。
S1102: sampling the voltage of power grid, the voltage responsive signal of calculating current Injection Signal;
Specifically, in the first non-harmonics current signal ith1After injecting power grid, the voltage of power grid will infuse the electric current Enter signal to respond, after the stabilization of power grids, the voltage of power grid is sampled, sampled point is for nonlinear load in power grid and simultaneously Net photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter accesses the point of common coupling of power grid, by the voltage u for detecting point of common couplingpcc, to upccMake DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform, discrete Fourier transform) obtains power grid for according to Discrete Fourier Transform The voltage responsive signal u of one electric current Injection Signalg-ih1, referring to fig. 4, discrete Fourier method is utilized to be provided in an embodiment of the present invention The schematic illustration of net side harmonic voltage is separated, as shown in figure 4, the present invention carries out sliding window iteration DFT harmonic detecting using DSP, Wherein, N is the sampling number of each power frequency period, w0For fundamental wave frequency.
For voltage signal u at power grid sampled pointpccIf its period is T, frequency bandwidth is from fundamental wave frequency ω to ω Nmax times, sampling period τ=T/N, to sample amplitude when reproduced signal upccSignal after sampling is Ua(k), the Fourier of discretization Leaf trigonometrical number expansion is,
In formula, k is frequency number, and u (i τ) characterizes Ua(k), u (k τ) characterizes Uan(k), i.e. Ua(k) trigonometrical number expansion Signal, when the frequency time that k is the first Injection Current signal, UanIt (k) is the first electric current Injection Signal ith1Response signal ug-ih1
S1103: according to the ratio of voltage responsive signal and electric current Injection Signal, electric network impedance estimated value is obtained.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 5, for it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention electric network impedance is estimated when system equivalent circuit Schematic diagram, as shown in figure 5, Us is voltage on line side source, Zs is inverter impedance, ihFor current source, according to Injection Current ith(ithFor I in step S1101th1) and grid responsive voltage carry out impedance estimation when, the first electric network impedance can be obtained according to Ohm's law Estimated value Zih1 *,
Further, it is the accuracy for improving electric network impedance estimation, repeats step S1101-S1103, that is, select multiple The non-harmonics current signal of different frequency number is implanted sequentially power grid, and the present embodiment is to select 2 non-harmonics For current signal, by the second non-harmonics current signal ith2Power grid is injected as electric current Injection Signal, wherein second Non- harmonics current signal ith2Frequency be chosen as 125Hz, detect the voltage u of point of common couplingpccMake discrete fourier It converts (DFT), power grid is obtained to i according to Discrete Fourier Transformth2Voltage responsive signal ug-ih2, can be obtained according to Ohm's law To the second electric network impedance estimated value Zih2 *,By the first electric network impedance estimated value and the second electric network impedance estimated value Average value as electric network impedance estimated value Zih *, i.e.,Certainly, it can also continue to repeat step S1101- S1103 more times, further increase the accuracy of electric network impedance estimated value.
S120: detecting the voltage of power grid, and side harmonics component of voltage is isolated from the voltage of power grid.
Specifically, no longer injecting non-harmonics signal, resampling power grid to power grid after completing electric network impedance estimation The voltage that point of common coupling goes out, side harmonics component of voltage is isolated from the voltage of power grid, referring to Fig. 6, is provided for the present invention Another separation net side harmonic voltage schematic illustration, specifically comprise the following steps:
S1201: the voltage of real-time detection power grid obtains its instantaneous voltage;
Specifically, detection power grid point of common coupling at voltage, obtain its three-phase voltage instantaneous value be respectively Ua, Ub and Uc。
S1202: it by instantaneous voltage successively through coordinate transform, low-pass filter filtering processing and coordinate inverse transformation, obtains The fundamental voltage component of instantaneous voltage;
Specifically, referring to Fig. 6, for the schematic illustration for separating net side harmonic voltage, as shown in fig. 6, coordinate transform includes α β transformation and dq transformation, coordinate inverse transformation includes α β inverse transformation and dq inverse transformation, and instantaneous voltage Ua, Ub and Uc are passed through α respectively Obtained after β transformation, dq transformation, low-pass filter filtering processing, dq inverse transformation and α β inverse transformation fundamental voltage component Uaf, Ubf and Ucf.In Fig. 6:
S1203: by the difference of instantaneous voltage and fundamental voltage component, side harmonics component of voltage is obtained.
Specifically, fundamental voltage ingredient Uaf, Ubf and Ucf is individually subtracted in instantaneous voltage Ua, Ub and Uc, net side is obtained Harmonic voltage component Uah, Ubh and Uch.
S130: according to the ratio of side harmonics component of voltage and electric network impedance estimated value, the estimation of side harmonics electric current is obtained Value.
Specifically, respectively obtaining electric network impedance estimated value and side harmonics component of voltage according to step S110 and step S120 Afterwards, according to Ohm's law, side harmonics electric current estimated value i can be obtainedh,
S140: it is instructed the superposition value of side harmonics electric current estimated value and inverter side harmonic current as current control Value.
S150: by current control instruction value and inverter side output electric current difference carry out Repetitive controller, and with power grid Voltage superposition obtains modulation wave signal.
S160: according to modulation wave signal, the harmonic current in power grid is compensated using closed-loop control.
In this implementation, step S140-S160 is the implementation method that harmonic compensation is carried out according to side harmonics electric current estimated value, Specific implementation process exports the schematic illustration of current control for inverter side provided in an embodiment of the present invention referring to Fig. 7.Such as figure Shown in 7, by inverter output current ioutInverter side harmonic current i is obtained after carrying out discrete Fourier transformouth, by net side Harmonic current estimated value ihWith inverter side harmonic current iouthCurrent control instruction value i is obtained after superpositionref, then by current control Instruction value irefWith inverter output current ioutBe compared, by its difference be sent into Repetitive controller link, and with voltage on line side us SPWM modulation is carried out after superposition, is obtained modulation wave signal, according to modulation wave signal, is obtained the equivalent gain Kpwm of inverter, into And control the output electric current i of inverterout, output electric current ioutIn contain the compensation electric current compensated to side harmonics. Inverter side is exported into electric current i againoutFeedback current control instruction value forms closed-loop system, realizes and carries out to the harmonic wave in power grid The function of real-time compensation.
As seen from the above-described embodiment, grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method provided by the invention, by hindering power grid It is anti-to be estimated, electric network impedance estimated value is obtained, and side harmonics component of voltage is isolated from the voltage of power grid, according to net side The ratio of harmonic voltage component and electric network impedance estimated value obtains side harmonics electric current estimated value, does not need to install electricity in net side Current transformer, avoids that current transformer has an adverse effect to operation of power networks and current transformer detected value inaccuracy is asked Topic;Further, it using side harmonics electric current estimated value and inverter side harmonic current superposition value as current control instruction value, incites somebody to action Current control instruction value and inverter side output current differential carry out Repetitive controller, and the voltage for being superimposed power grid obtains modulating wave letter Number, the compensation electric current of inverter output side harmonics electric current is made using closed-loop control, compensation effect is good and cost of compensation is lower.
Those skilled in the art will readily occur to of the invention its after considering specification and the disclosure invented here of practice Its embodiment.This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention, these modifications, purposes or Person's adaptive change follows general principle of the invention and including the undocumented common knowledge in the art of the present invention Or conventional techniques.The description and examples are only to be considered as illustrative, and true scope and spirit of the invention are by following Claim is pointed out.
It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure already described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and And various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.The scope of the present invention is limited only by the attached claims.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method characterized by comprising
Electric network impedance is estimated, electric network impedance estimated value is obtained;
The voltage for detecting power grid, isolates side harmonics component of voltage from the voltage of the power grid;
According to the ratio of the side harmonics component of voltage and the electric network impedance estimated value, the estimation of side harmonics electric current is obtained Value;
Using the superposition value of the side harmonics electric current estimated value and inverter side harmonic current as current control instruction value;
The difference of the current control instruction value and inverter side output electric current is subjected to Repetitive controller, and folded with the voltage of power grid Add to obtain modulation wave signal;
According to the modulation wave signal, the harmonic current in power grid is compensated using closed-loop control.
2. grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to electric network impedance It is estimated, obtaining electric network impedance estimated value includes:
Power grid is injected using non-harmonics current signal as electric current Injection Signal;
The voltage of power grid is sampled, the voltage responsive signal of the electric current Injection Signal is calculated;
According to the ratio of the voltage responsive signal and electric current Injection Signal, electric network impedance estimated value is obtained.
3. grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The electric current Injection Signal includes the non-harmonics current signal of multiple and different frequency numbers, by the multiple difference The non-harmonics current signal of frequency number is implanted sequentially power grid, successively calculates corresponding electric network impedance, obtains multiple electricity Net impedance estimation respective value, using the average value of multiple electric network impedance estimation respective values as electric network impedance estimated value.
4. grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the electricity to power grid Pressure is sampled, and the voltage responsive signal that the electric current Injection Signal is calculated includes:
The voltage of power grid is sampled, sampled voltage is made into discrete Fourier transform, obtains the electricity of the electric current Injection Signal Press response signal.
5. grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detection power grid Voltage, side harmonics component of voltage is isolated from the voltage of the power grid includes:
The voltage of real-time detection power grid obtains its instantaneous voltage;
By the instantaneous voltage successively through coordinate transform, low-pass filter filtering processing and coordinate inverse transformation, the electricity is obtained Press the fundamental voltage component of instantaneous value;
By the difference of the instantaneous voltage and the fundamental voltage component, side harmonics component of voltage is obtained.
6. according to grid-connected photovoltaic inverter harmonic wave management method described in claim 2,3 or 4, which is characterized in that power grid The sampled point that voltage is sampled is the point of common coupling that nonlinear load and grid-connected photovoltaic inverter access power grid in power grid.
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CN108448580B (en) * 2018-04-23 2021-04-13 天津大学 Method for specified harmonic control of grid-connected current of parallel current source type photovoltaic inverter
CN108448581B (en) * 2018-04-23 2021-04-13 天津大学 Method for controlling grid-connected current specific harmonic of parallel current source inverter
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