CN106504811B - A kind of long-term release filtration system of containment - Google Patents
A kind of long-term release filtration system of containment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106504811B CN106504811B CN201610926716.3A CN201610926716A CN106504811B CN 106504811 B CN106504811 B CN 106504811B CN 201610926716 A CN201610926716 A CN 201610926716A CN 106504811 B CN106504811 B CN 106504811B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/02—Treating gases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/004—Pressure suppression
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of long-term release filtration system of containment,Ring-shaped liquid flow channel is provided with housing,Bubbling chamber is formed between ring-shaped liquid flow channel outer wall and inner walls,Inverted T shaped cylindrical Venturi scrubber chamber is formed between ring-shaped liquid flow channel inwall,And Venturi scrubber cavity bottom is connected with the lower end of ring-shaped liquid circulation passage,Self-priming Venturi scrubber is circumferentially evenly arranged with along Venturi scrubber chamber,The discharge gas piping connection of the uniform containment of lower inlet of each self-priming Venturi scrubber,The upper end of ring-shaped liquid circulation passage communicates with bubbling chamber,Bubble systems are evenly arranged with along the circumference of bubbling chamber lower end,Each bubble systems include bubbling orifice plate and communicating pipe,One end of each communicating pipe connects with corresponding bubbling orifice plate,The other end connects with the top of Venturi scrubber chamber.The present invention has higher removal efficiency, and especially the removal efficiency of methyl iodide gas is had clear improvement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of long-term release filtration system of containment, it is mainly used in the safety in nuclear power plant's major accident later stage
Shell overpressure protection and radioactive substance are detained, while it is suitable for industrial dedusting degassing procedure.
Background technology
Nuclear power is increasingly favored as a kind of energy of clean and effective by people.Although pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant is designing
When have been carried out Layered Security principle, ensure safety of the nuclear power station under design basis accident, but there are still generation for nuclear power
The risk of beyond design basis accident, and then trigger similar reactor core burn through pressure vessel and be superimposed the major accident of station blackout.
In the major accident under super design reference occurs, the cooling agent of primary Ioops HTHP leaks into rapid flash steam after containment
Change, be changed into substantial amounts of high-temperature steam from liquid, meanwhile, melting reactor core will also react with concrete floor produces a large amount of non-condensing gas
Body, with the progress of accident, it is possible to cause the pressure in containment to gradually rise, eventually destroy containment because of superpressure
Integrality, cause leaking for radioactive substance.
Containment release filtration system makes the gas release of accumulation in containment by the way of active release, reduces safety
Pressure in shell, so that pressure is no more than its carrying limit value in containment, it is ensured that the integrality of containment.Meanwhile in order to prevent
Radioactive product in discharge gas damages to environment, by the filter of system to the radioactive material in discharge gas
Matter is filtered, mainly including radioaerosol, iodine and gaseous state methyl iodide.
The R ＆ D design on containment release filtration system originates in the 1960s, being by France earliest both at home and abroad
The sand-bed filter of R ＆ D design, its operation principle are the radioactive materials in absorption and delay the effect filtering gas using sandstone
Matter.But the system only has preferable retention effect to the aerosol particle of solid-state, iodine is only served delayed-action without
It can effectively remove, there is no removal effect then for gaseous state methyl iodide, and casting bed is placed the hardened problem of sandstone, therefore sand be present for a long time
Bed filter need to periodically be aerated maintenance.German designs have manufactured a kind of metal fiber filter, using stainless steel fibre group
It is same using the absorption and the radioactive substance in delay effect removing gas, metallic fibrous layer of metallic fiber into multistorey strainer mesh
Have to solid aerosol and be preferably detained efficiency, carryover effects are only served to iodine, it is impossible to effectively remove, for gaseous state methyl
Iodine does not have removal effect then, and radioactive substance is primarily present in metallic fibrous layer after ventilation, causes subsequent treatment difficult.For
The removal efficiency to elemental iodine is improved, Siemens Company devises a kind of passive sliding pressure operation filtering emission system, should
System uses the design method that wet venturi washer is combined with metal fiber filter, and the gas of containment discharge is first
The aerosol and iodine of the overwhelming majority are removed in Venturi scrubbing unit, is carried in particle diameter smaller aerosol and air-flow
Droplet be filtered in metallic fiber filter unit.The filter has very high to submicron order aerosol and iodine
Filter efficiency, but it is poor for the filter efficiency of gaseous state methyl iodide.Methyl iodide gas is small and with solution due to solubility
Characteristic, the improvement of its removal efficiency such as chemical reaction rate is slow have become containment release filtration system designs and development
In general character problem, how ensure simple system it is reliable while improve methyl iodide gas removal efficiency be to need to solve at present
Major issue certainly.In addition, in existing wet filter system, because the decay heat of radioactive substance release can cause solution
Evaporation, system operation time are usually no more than 24 hours, and therefore, the run time for how extending system in the major accident later stage is
System design needs another major issue considered.
The filter type that wet type is combined with dry type, example are generally employed in existing containment vessel filtration system
Such as in Patent No. CN204242599U and CN102723114A patent, it refer to use Venturi scrubber and metal
Fabric filter is filtered, but does not provide the filter efficiency of system in two kinds of patents, especially to methyl iodide gas
The filter efficiency of body.Mention in the B2 of U.S. Patent No. US 8142665 patent, urged by adding phase transfer in the solution
The method of agent methyl tricapryl ammonium chloride (Aliquat336), to improve removal efficiency of the solution to methyl iodide gas, still
Because Aliquat336 has inflammable and caking characteristic, the application being difficult to realize in engineering in itself.In addition, also carried in document
Arrive, the removal efficiency of methyl iodide gas can be improved using the filter that material is absorbed equipped with activated carbon or silver zeolite etc.,
On the one hand this method can increase the complexity of system, increase system cost, and on the other hand, activated carbon and silver zeolite etc. absorb material
Confrontation use condition requires harsh, while also easily failure, is not still the optimal path for improving methyl iodide gas absorbed efficiency.
Venturi scrubber is closely related to the removal ability and particle diameter of solid particle, when particle diameter is more than 0.5 μ
During m, Venturi scrubber has outstanding removal capacity to solid particle, and now inertial collision effect is the main of grit removal
Mechanism；When particle diameter is less than 0.5 μm, the influence of the Brownian movement of particle is gradually obvious, Venturi scrubbing common at present
Device can deteriorate rapidly to the arresting efficiency of grit.Venturi scrubber is also commonly used for gas and absorbs field, but to the suction of gas
The rate of producing effects be it is selective, when the absorption rate between gas and chemical solution quickly when, Venturi scrubber degasification effect
Rate is very high, and in the case of absorption rate is slower, due to time of contact deficiency so that degassing efficiency is difficult to meet to require.
In bubbling reactor, gas phase is uniformly dispersed in the form of discrete bubbles in continuous liquid phase, gas liquid interfacial area and contact
Time, all compared with there is great improvement in Venturi scrubber, sufficient surface was provided for particle sedimentation and gas absorption process
Product and holdup time, therefore for the slower gas absorption process of chemical absorbing speed, and small particle aerosol have and more managed
The filter effect thought.The present invention proposes a kind of new filtration system, contains Venturi scrubber and bubbling reactor, and
Using integrated arranged in series, and by internal structure design, effective guarantee system can connect stable operation.The design knot
Structure is simple, stable, can effectively ensure that the integrality of containment, while has outstanding dedusting degassing efficiency, especially
The little particle aerosol and methyl iodide gas removal efficiency in containment discharge gas can be improved.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of integrated arrangement, simple in construction, stable and with efficiently removing
The long-term release filtration system of containment of dirt degassing efficiency.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：Ring-shaped liquid flow channel, ring-shaped liquid flowing are provided with housing
Bubbling chamber is formed between channel outer wall and inner walls, inverted T shaped cylinder is formed between ring-shaped liquid flow channel inwall
Venturi scrubber chamber, and Venturi scrubber cavity bottom is connected with the lower end of ring-shaped liquid circulation passage, along
Venturi scrubber chamber is circumferentially evenly arranged with self-priming Venturi scrubber, the lower end of each self-priming Venturi scrubber
The discharge gas piping connection of the uniform containment of entrance, the upper end of ring-shaped liquid circulation passage communicates with bubbling chamber, along drum
The circumference of bubble chamber lower end is evenly arranged with bubble systems, and each bubble systems include bubbling orifice plate and communicating pipe, each connection
One end of pipe connects with corresponding bubbling orifice plate, the other end connects with the top of Venturi scrubber chamber.
Present invention additionally comprises some such architectural features：
1. the self-priming Venturi scrubber includes bottom side flanges, the tapered spray being arranged on from the bottom to top on bottom side flanges
Mouth, trunnion section and expansion segment, the pipette of different length is provided with trunnion section, larynx pipe section exterior is provided with radome fairing, whole
Stream cover is communicated with imbibition pipeline, and the end of imbibition pipeline is passed through after ring-shaped liquid flow channel in bubbling chamber, described every
The discharge gas piping connection of the uniform containment of lower inlet of individual self-priming Venturi scrubber refers to each self-priming literary mound
In washer negative throat noz(zle) lower end pass through bottom side flanges after connected with the discharge gas piping of containment.
2. bubbling orifice plate is the stainless steel flat plate for being provided with micro channel, through plate is flaring with the end that bubbling orifice plate is connected
Structure, divergent structure equivalent diameter are equal with the equivalent diameter of bubbling orifice plate.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention has higher removal efficiency, especially to methyl
The removal efficiency of iodine gas has clear improvement.1st, self-priming Venturi scrubber has passive characteristic, in the state of accident not
Extraneous power supply is relied on, but relies on the stable operation in a manner of passive of fluid inherent characteristic.2nd, the bubble level reactor of pool
There is preferable removal effect to methyl iodide gas.3rd, self-priming Venturi scrubber uses the one connected with bubble level reactor
Change arrangement, simple in construction, reliability is high.4th, the design of ring-shaped liquid flow channel, it is effectively guaranteed between two kinds of filters
The stability of series operation, simultaneity factor have automatic feedback control characteristic, when system starts with variable working condition, by two kinds of mistakes
Level fluctuation in chamber where filter, enable a system to corresponding working conditions change and stable operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in the integrally-built main view direction of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the integrally-built overlook direction of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the Venturi scrubber of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the bubble systems of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1-4, the present invention includes：(1) a kind of self-priming Venturi scrubbing with high-effective dust-removing degassing efficiency
Device 1.1；(2) it is used for the Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 of envelope Venturi scrubber, while the chamber positioned at system centre region
The static pressure of upper space is that gas enters the offer driving force of bubbling chamber 1.3；(3) it is a kind of be used for by continuous gas phase be divided into from
System occurs for the bubble for dissipating bubble；(4) it is located at the bubble absorption chamber 1.3 of system peripherals, gas forms uniform bubble in chamber
Shape stream, for improving methyl iodide gas absorbed efficiency and the removal efficiency to small particle aerosol；(5) by Venturi scrubber chamber
The ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4 that the border of room 1.2 is formed with the border of bubbling chamber 1.3, by the gravity and liquid of liquid in passage
Flow resistance of the body in passage, the static pressure difference established between chamber 1.2 and 1.3, so as to ensure that both have stable series connection
Relation.
Fig. 1 show the overall structure front view of improved containment release filtration system, Venturi scrubber chamber in figure
Room 1.2 and ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4 are semi-enclosed structure.Wherein, Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 is positioned at system
The inwall of the cylindrical stainless steel cavity of the inverted T-shaped of central area, its top and system boundary is welded to connect, cavity bottom and ring
Shape liquid flow path 1.4 connects；On the one hand the structure of falling T of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 is worked off one's feeling vent one's spleen for changing washer
Liquid two-phase moves direction, realizes the gas-liquid separation of primary, reduces the carrying amount of drop in air-flow；On the other hand, inverted T-shaped structure
The volume of bubbling chamber 1.3 is effectively increased, improves solution loading amount.The cross-sectional area of chamber is transversal with bubbling chamber 1.3
Meet certain proportionate relationship between area.The lower space of chamber arranges the self-priming Venturi scrubber 1.1 of array, literary mound
In washer be lifted on the gas distribution chamber room of air inlet bottom of the tube.The outside wall surface of ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4 is by straight
The inverted T-shaped cylinder stainless steel cavity that footpath is slightly larger than Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 and is coaxial therewith is formed, ring-shaped liquid flowing
The internal face of passage 1.4 is then the outside wall surface of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2.The outside wall surface bottom of circular passage and system boundary
Inwall be welded to connect, top connects with bubbling chamber 1.3.Bubbling chamber 1.3 is and Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 and annular
The coaxial peripheral chamber of liquid flow path 1.4, its internal alkaline hypo solution that certain volume is housed, bubbling chamber
Annular space volume can accommodate remove methyl iodide gas solution loading amount, while can ensure level fluctuation amplitude compared with
It is small.The entrance of communicating pipe 1.52 is through the top wall of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2, and through part is using welding company
Connect.The outlet of communicating pipe 1.52 is connected by screw bolts with bubbling orifice plate 1.51, is easy to the replacing and maintenance of orifice plate.Bubbling orifice plate
1.51 overall and communicating pipe 1.52 lower semisections are submerged in solution.Fig. 2 is the top view of system, wherein Venturi scrubber
It is compact-sized using axial symmetrically arrangement, reduce shared spatial volume as far as possible.Bubbling orifice plate 1.51 and communicating pipe
1.52 also use axially symmetrically arrangement.In addition, the border coaxial-symmetrical of each chamber.Described ring-shaped liquid flowing is logical
Road 1.4, is the interface channel that solution circulates between Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 and bubbling chamber 1.3, and ring-shaped liquid flows
Static pressure difference between passage 1.4 and Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 caused by liquid level difference, enter bubbling chamber for discharge gas
Room 1.3 provides original power, its circulation area and axial height and pressure and bubbling orifice plate in Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2
Meet certain functional relation between 1.5 flow resistance.
Fig. 3 show the structural representation of self-priming Venturi scrubber 1.1, and each part of Venturi scrubber uses
Stainless steel, by negative throat noz(zle) (contraction section) 1.11, trunnion section 1.12, diffuser 1.13, radome fairing 1.14, pipette 1.16
And imbibition pipeline 1.15 forms.Negative throat noz(zle) 1.11 is the expansion accelerated passage of gas, and gas flow rate reaches in nozzle exit
To maximum, while static pressure minimizes, and the angle and discharge area of nozzle are to determine the key parameter of exit velocity and static pressure
I.e. air-flow forms low-pressure area after acceleration in the outlet of contraction section, and the static pressure of outlet and its angle of throat and discharge area are straight
Connect correlation.Described trunnion section 1.12 is to connect the straight tube structure of contraction section 1.11 and expansion segment 1.13, and liquid enters water
The main region being atomized is washed after device, pipette is disposed with trunnion section, pipette extend into trunnion intersegmental part, according to insertion
Pipette is divided into three groups of long tube, middle long tube and short tube by depth.The length of trunnion section and the arrangement of liquid sucting port are to influence to remove
The key factor of dirt degassing efficiency.Described expansion segment 1.13 is actual internal area gradually increased biphase gas and liquid flow body region,
And drop dedusting, the main region of degassing procedure, its dedusting, the angle of degassing efficiency and diffuser and length are closely related.
Described radome fairing 1.14 is to connect trunnion section 1.12 and the center section of imbibition pipeline 1.15, and it can be by water scrubber trunnion section
Interior relatively low static pressure is transferred in imbibition pipeline, solution is entered from bubbling chamber 1.3 by injection inside water scrubber, simultaneously
Solution can be buffered necessarily before entering washer in radome fairing 1.14, improve the flow stability of injection liquid.Described
Imbibition pipeline 1.15 is literary mound through bubbling chamber 1.3, ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4 and venturi water scrubber chamber 1.2
In water scrubber necessary wash solution, while imbibition pipeline 1.15 and venturi water scrubber chamber 1.2, bubbling chamber 1.3 are provided
And the circulation loop of solution is constituted between ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4, the circulation of solution in system is effectively improved,
Improve solution utilization rate.Solution passes through imbibition pipeline 1.15 by inside injection to washer in the presence of inside and outside differential pressure.Washing
Contraction section 1.11, trunnion section 1.12 and the expansion segment 1.13 of device are that overall turnery processing forms.The tail end section of contraction section 1.11
The distance between initial cross-section and area of section ratio are determined by experiment, and ensure injection volume sufficient in washer.In larynx
Pipeline section 1.12 assigns the pipette 1.16 of different length, and long tube is inserted to pipeline middle body, and middle long tube takes second place, and short tube assigns into larynx
At pipeline section wall, on the one hand this design can effectively improve liquid atomization level, increase gas liquid interfacial area, on the other hand
Design ensure that dust removal process in the relative velocity needed for each section, be advantageous to improve the removal efficiency of little particle aerosol.Larynx
The outside of pipeline section 1.12 is provided with closed radome fairing 1.14, and radome fairing 1.14 is connection imbibition pipeline 1.15 and Venturi scrubbing
The intermediate member of device, the environment under low pressure that the exit of negative throat noz(zle) 1.11 is formed can be transferred to the outlet of imbibition pipeline 1.15 by it
End.The integral solder of radome fairing 1.14 is in the outside wall surface of contraction section 1.11.
Fig. 4 show the structural representation of bubble systems, and it is mainly made up of bubbling orifice plate 1.51 and communicating pipe 1.52.Institute
Gas phase is separated into a large amount of tiny bubbles, opening diameter, the number of openings and the perforate arrangement of orifice plate by the bubbling orifice plate 1.51 stated
Mode uses optimization design, and the assembly effect between bubble is being reduced on the premise of ensureing emission flow, is improving absorption efficiency.Bubbling
Orifice plate 1.15 is the stainless steel flat plate for being provided with a large amount of micro channels, pore size and micropore quantity and arrangement mode according to methyl
The requirement of iodine removal efficiency is designed.Bubbling orifice plate 1.51 is arranged in the bottom of bubbling chamber 1.3, increases the height of bubble level with this
Degree, improve the utilization rate of solution.Communicating pipe 1.52 is that gas enters the logical of bubbling chamber 1.3 from Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2
Road.The entrance of communicating pipe 1.52 is through the top wall of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2, and through part is using welding company
Connect, under the static pressure difference driving caused by the system itself, gas after Venturi scrubber filters by communicating pipe 1.52 by
Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 enters bubbling chamber 1.3.The outlet of communicating pipe 1.52 is divergent structure, its equivalent diameter and drum
The equivalent diameter of abscess plate 1.51 is identical, is connected by screw bolts between the two, is easy to the replacing and maintenance of bubbling orifice plate 1.51.
With reference to operation principle, present invention is described：
The present invention is mainly by improved self-priming Venturi scrubber 1.1, Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2, bubbling chamber
1.3rd, ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4 and bubble systems 1.5 form.
The self-priming Venturi scrubber 1.1 of described improvement type is a kind of water scrubber of monoblock type, and discharge gas is in circular cone
Expansion accelerates in the negative throat noz(zle) 1.11 of shape, reaches maximum in nozzle exit flow velocity, and form low-pressure area.Jet size is to determine
Determine the key factor of throat's gas velocity and throat's static pressure, and then influence injection volume and dedusting degassing efficiency.Water scrubber solution is being washed
In the presence of washing device inside and outside differential pressure, enter radome fairing 1.14 from bubbling chamber 1.3 via imbibition pipeline 1.15, and from pipette
1.16 enter inside washer.Solution contacts in the exit of negative throat noz(zle) 1.11 with high velocity air, in the work of alternate drag
Under, solution is atomized into a large amount of tiny drops in trunnion section 1.12.The design of different length pipette can in trunnion section
Effectively to improve solution atomization level, the inertial collision efficiency between grit and drop is improved, it is molten for improving little particle gas
The removal efficiency of glue has positive effect.The internal diameter and length of expansion segment 1.13 are to determine the horizontal pass with flow resistance of liquid atomization
Key factor, and the influence to both is opposite, therefore optimum size is selected in designing, will while filter efficiency is met
Flow resistance minimizes.The design of radome fairing can be such that solution enters back into before washer to obtain certain buffering and so as to improve draw
The flow stability of jet body.
Described Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 is the cylindrical chamber of inverted T-shaped, and the lower space of chamber installs venturi
Washer, cavity bottom are connected with ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4.During system operation, liquid level and ring-shaped liquid stream in chamber
It is to overcome gas flow resistance to make it into bubbling by the heavy position pressure head that difference in height is formed between liquid level in dynamic passage 1.4
The motive power of chamber 1.3.Upon power-up of the system, the discharge gas from containment initially enters Venturi scrubber, is washing
Complete to filter the first order of radioactive substance in device, most radioaerosols and list after Venturi scrubber
Matter iodine is trapped in solution, and gaseous state methyl iodide, due to slower with the reaction rate of solution, only small part is absorbed by solution,
Remainder leaves Venturi scrubber with air-flow.Venturi scrubber outlet top is the prominent of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2
Contracting part, gas-liquid two-phase fluid is left after washer exports with higher flow velocity, on the inwall that impinges upon chamber sudden contraction section, liquid phase
Flow velocity is reduced to zero in knockout process, and falls back to the fluid space of the lower section of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 under gravity,
Air-flow then continues to flow up along wall.With the continuous accumulation of the overhead gas of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2, the pressure in chamber
Power constantly raises, and the solution in Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 is pressed into ring-shaped liquid flow channel under static pressure effect
In 1.4, gradually rise the liquid level in annular flow passage, it is quiet in Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 according to Principles of Statics
Pressure P1Relation between liquid level difference is：
P1=ρ g (H1-H3)+ΔPf1+P2 (1)
In formula, Δ Pf1For fluid resistance loss of the liquid in annular flow passage 1.4.From above formula, with literary mound
In in washer chamber 1.2 liquid level continuous reduction, the pressure P in chamber1Constantly rise, as pressure P1More than acting on bubbling
During heavy position pressure head on orifice plate 1.51, gas can pass through bubbling orifice plate along communicating pipe 1.52 in Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2
1.51 enter bubbling chamber 1.3.Gas enter bubbling chamber 1.3 statics condition be：
P1＞ ρ g (H2-H4)+P2 (2)
, can be within communicating pipe 1.52 when gas enters bubbling chamber 1.3 by communicating pipe 1.52 and bubbling orifice plate 1.51
The additional flow resistance with generation at bubbling orifice plate 1.51.When the flowing of air-flow in systems reaches stable state, each chamber
Interior Relationship between Liquid Level is：
ΔPf1+ρg(H1-H3)=ρ g (H2-H4)+ΔPf2 (3)
Δ P in above formulaf2Additional flow resistance is produced within communicating pipe 1.52 and at bubbling orifice plate 1.51 for air-flow.
Simultaneously, it is necessary to ensure liquid can from bubbling chamber 1.3 injection into self-priming Venturi scrubber 1.1.Can
With by the pressure P of the porch of imbibition pipeline 1.153Approximation is regarded as identical with the pressure at bubbling orifice plate 1.51：
P3=P1-ΔPf2 (4)
In order to ensure that water scrubber can be by inside injection to Venturi scrubber, Venturi scrubber throat pressure P4Need
The statics condition of satisfaction is：
P1-ΔPf2＞ P4 (5)
(H2-H4) it is to ensure the solution height needed for methyl iodide gas removal efficiency, in order to ensure the stabilization of liquid level as far as possible,
Level stability especially under the conditions of power condition changing, the volume and ring-shaped liquid flow channel of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2
1.4 volume is much smaller than the volume of bubbling chamber 1.3, so as to ensure liquid level (H1-H3) in very large range change when will not draw
Play (H2-H4) larger fluctuation, so as to ensure that system can be run steadily in the long term.
Described ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4, its height are to ensure that gas enters bubbling chamber 1.3 from communicating pipe 1.52
Without the key parameter punctured from the bottom of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2.Its channel cross-section is designed to ensure liquid level to text
Pressure change in mound in washer chamber 1.2 has good response characteristic.In system stable operation, ring-shaped liquid flowing
Passage 1.4 is also the flow channel that solution circulates between Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 and bubbling chamber 1.3 simultaneously.Self-priming
Formula Venturi scrubber 1.1, from the drawing solution of bubbling chamber 1.3, it is gentle to complete dedusting by imbibition pipeline 1.15 in washer
Body is fallen after rise after absorbing to the lower space of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2, is then returned and is roused from the overflow of ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4
Steep chamber 1.3.
Described bubbling chamber 1.3, it is internal to be equipped with certain density alkaline hypo solution, and gas is from bubble holes
After plate 1.51 sprays, the tiny bubble of a large amount of diameters is separated into, and is uniformly dispersed in solution, it is anti-to form pool bubble level
Device is answered, contact area and the time of contact of abundance are provided for the absorption of methyl iodide gas, while also to small remaining in air-flow
Grain aerosol and iodine have preferable filter effect.Solution loading amount in bubbling chamber 1.3, can ensure system it is long when
Between effectively run.
Described bubble systems 1.5, it is characterized in that being made up of bubbling orifice plate 1.51 and communicating pipe 1.52.Bubbling orifice plate 1.51
It is the circular flat board that a large amount of micro channels are provided with according to certain arrangement mode, micropore size and duct are highly and in micropore
An important factor for gas flow parameter is influence bubble size, and then influence methyl iodide removal efficiency.In the certain bar of total tolerance
Under part, according to mass conservation law, the quantity of pore size, micropore quantity and bubbling orifice plate 1.51 on bubbling orifice plate 1.51
Between meet following relation：
In formula, M be system discharge total mass flow rate, ρgAnd ugDensity and flow velocity of the air-flow in micropore respectively, D are micro-
Bore dia, n are the micropore quantity on bubbling orifice plate 1.51, and N is the quantity of bubbling orifice plate 1.51 in system.Micro-pore diameter in above formula
Gas flow rate u in D and microporegTested and determined by methyl iodide efficiency.Communicating pipe 1.52 is gas from Venturi scrubber chamber
Room 1.2 enters the passage of bubbling chamber 1.3, and its entrance is located at the headroom of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2, is kept away as far as possible with this
The drop exempted from air-flow entered inside communicating pipe 1.52.The quantity of cross over pipe 1.52 is identical with the quantity of bubbling orifice plate 1.51, its chi
Very little and arrangement to be designed to ensure under declared working condition, the flow resistance of gas meets the stable fortune of system in equation 3
Row condition.
To sum up, the present invention is mainly by Venturi scrubbing filtration system, bubbling filtration system, passive control pressurer system group
Into.Venturi scrubbing filtration system uses coaxial integrated arrangement with bubbling filtration system, and relies on passive Stress control system
System makes two systems realize series connection stable operation, while ensures that system liquid level is constant by structure design, and then realizes system
Longtime running.Self-priming Venturi scrubber 1.1 is the first order wet filter of system, installed in Venturi scrubber chamber
1.2 lower space, after Venturi scrubber, most radioaerosols and iodine are gone mixed gas
Remove；The bubble systems 1.5 of bubbling chamber 1.3 and its bottom are the second level wet filters of system, and gas passes through bubble systems
The 1.5 solution-air time of contact and contact area in the interior formation pool bubble level of chamber 1.3, bubble level is larger, can remove
The gaseous state methyl iodide of the smaller aerosol of particle diameter, remaining micro iodine and the overwhelming majority；Passive control pressurer system relies on ring
The heavy position pressure head that liquid level difference is formed in shape passage 1.4, the pressure stability of the upper space of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 is maintained, is entered
And ensure that the gas of the upper space of Venturi scrubber chamber 1.2 can smoothly enter in bubbling chamber 1.3, it is logical to establish series connection
Road.In addition, the passage that ring-shaped liquid flow channel 1.4 and solution circulate between the chambers in two kinds of filters, is improved
The effective rate of utilization of solution.The volume of bubbling chamber is relatively large, liquid level can be kept stable in longer time, effectively
Extend the run time of system.This new containment release filtration system can ensure system in steady state condition and exchange work
Under the conditions of condition, there is stable high efficiency filter efficiency to radioactive substance, especially improve the filtering effect of gaseous state methyl iodide gas
Rate, meanwhile, the run time of system input is also significantly extended.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. long-term release filtration system of containment, it is characterised in that：Ring-shaped liquid flow channel, ring are provided with housing Bubbling chamber is formed between shape liquid flow path outer wall and inner walls, T is formed between ring-shaped liquid flow channel inwall The cylindrical Venturi scrubber chamber of type, and Venturi scrubber cavity bottom and the lower end phase of ring-shaped liquid circulation passage Connection, self-priming Venturi scrubber is circumferentially evenly arranged with along Venturi scrubber chamber, and each self-priming venturi is washed The lower inlet for washing device connects with the discharge gas piping of containment, upper end and the bubbling chamber phase of ring-shaped liquid circulation passage It is logical, bubble systems are evenly arranged with along the circumference of bubbling chamber lower end, each bubble systems include bubbling orifice plate and communicating pipe, One end of each communicating pipe connects with corresponding bubbling orifice plate, the other end connects with the top of Venturi scrubber chamber.
- A kind of 2. long-term release filtration system of containment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The self-priming literary mound In washer include bottom side flanges, the negative throat noz(zle) being arranged on from the bottom to top on bottom side flanges, trunnion section and expansion segment, in trunnion The pipette of different length is provided with section, larynx pipe section exterior is provided with radome fairing, and radome fairing is communicated with imbibition pipeline, pipette The end on road is located in bubbling chamber after passing through ring-shaped liquid flow channel, the lower end of each self-priming Venturi scrubber The lower end that entrance connects the negative throat noz(zle) for referring to each self-priming Venturi scrubber with the discharge gas piping of full shell passes through Connected after bottom side flanges with the discharge gas piping of containment.
- A kind of 3. long-term release filtration system of containment according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Bubbling orifice plate is The stainless steel flat plate of micro channel is provided with, communicating pipe is divergent structure with the end that bubbling orifice plate is connected, and divergent structure equivalent is straight Footpath is equal with the equivalent diameter of bubbling orifice plate.
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| CN107240425B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-06-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Integral safety shell filtering emission system |
| CN107369481B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-08-23 | 上海交通大学 | Bubble reactor test device |
| CN107578826B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-10-25 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Containment is constrain and washing filtering integrated system |
| CN112071451B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-11-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Multifunctional double-layer concrete containment system of pressurized water reactor |
| CN113289417A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Silver-loaded zeolite filter for containment filtering and discharging system of nuclear power plant |
| CN113559560A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-29 | 上海行恒科技有限公司 | Low-disturbance releaser |
| CN114699906B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2024-06-04 | 国能(山东)能源环境有限公司 | Stable venturi device for semi-dry desulfurization |
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| US4639314A (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1987-01-27 | Tyer Robert R | Fine bubble diffuser and diffuser system having filtered blow-down tube |
| FR2817170B1 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2003-01-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD, MODULE AND DEVICE FOR CONTACT OF A GAS AND A LIQUID |
| DE102010035509A1 (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-01 | Areva Np Gmbh | Process for pressure relief of a nuclear power plant, pressure relief system for a nuclear power plant and associated nuclear power plant |
| CN103071318B (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2015-04-15 | 华东理工大学 | Device for liquid degassing through swirling flow field or centrifugal field and pressure gradient field coupling |
| DE102013205524A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | Areva Gmbh | Venting system for the containment of a nuclear facility |
| CN103566683B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Split self-suction type Venturi tube washer |
| KR101513725B1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-04-22 | 주식회사 미래와도전 | Cfvs for nuclear power plant |
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