CN106504194A - A kind of image split-joint method based on most preferably splicing plane and local feature - Google Patents
A kind of image split-joint method based on most preferably splicing plane and local feature Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003709 image segmentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T3/00—Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
- G06T3/40—Scaling the whole image or part thereof
- G06T3/4038—Scaling the whole image or part thereof for image mosaicing, i.e. plane images composed of plane sub-images
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20212—Image combination
- G06T2207/20221—Image fusion; Image merging
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of based on the image split-joint method for most preferably splicing plane and local feature, the method is comprised the following steps:S1:Image depth information is estimated;S2:Image segmentation is carried out based on depth information, image original image is divided into region subject to registration and non-registered region, and optimal splicing plane is determined with two cut-off rules as side;S3:Most preferably to splice plane as reference, respective cut-off rule calculates the anglec of rotation respectively for axle, and image is transformed in reference planes;S4:Extract the feature interpretation of FAST characteristic points and characteristic point in region to be spliced;S5:Calculate Hamming distance carry out Feature Points Matching, using depth information and RANSAC algorithms carry out smart mate, obtain matching double points;S6:Transformation matrix is calculated using the point of registration features, the registration region image after being converted obtains stitching image using the Weighted Fusion method based on focal length.The method can overcome the stretch distortion that global house of correction brings under big subtense angle, more be met the stitching image of human eye vision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to image mosaic technology field, is related to a kind of image based on most preferably splicing plane and local feature and spells
Connect method.
Background technology
Image mosaic technology is the small angle image mosaic that several are had overlapping region into the complete big visual angle figure of a width
Picture, the wide-angle image obtained compared to hardware have better image quality.Image mosaic mainly includes three below step:
Pretreatment, image registration and image co-registration.Wherein image registration is the core and key of image mosaic, and image co-registration is generation one
The final step of fabric width visual pattern.The method of present image registration is broadly divided into three classes:Based on the method for transform domain, based on ash
The related method of degree and the method for feature based.And the image registration method of feature based is effect the best way, but currently
Typically with an image to be spliced as reference pair, other images carry out global registration and conversion to algorithm.When the figure to be spliced for processing
When there is large viewing difference as between, larger stretch distortion is also easy to produce, affects splicing result.Meanwhile, in order to improve algorithm
Real-time, stitching algorithm fusion method mode mostly from general Weighted Fusion, is also easy to produce splicing vestige and ghost.Therefore,
The stretch distortion of big subtense angle splicing, and a kind of more preferable fusion method of splicing effect is the problem that the present invention needs to solve.
Content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of image mosaic based on most preferably splicing plane and local feature
Method, the stretch distortion that the method is produced when can solve the problem that multiple image splices under big parallax.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of image split-joint method based on most preferably splicing plane and local feature, the method are comprised the following steps:
S1:Image depth information is estimated;
S2:Image segmentation is carried out based on depth information, image original image is divided into region subject to registration and non-registered region,
And optimal splicing plane is determined with two cut-off rules as side;
S3:Most preferably to splice plane as reference, respective cut-off rule calculates the anglec of rotation respectively for axle, and image is transformed to ginseng
Examine in plane;
S4:Extract the feature interpretation of FAST characteristic points and characteristic point in region to be spliced;
S5:Calculating Hamming distance carries out Feature Points Matching, using depth information and RANSAC (RANdom Sample
Consensus) algorithm carries out smart coupling, obtains matching double points;
S6:Transformation matrix is calculated using the point of registration features, the registration region image after being converted, using based on Jiao
The Weighted Fusion method of point distance obtains stitching image.
Further, in step s 2, image registration scope is no longer global registration, but is in the office of same field depth
Portion region.
Further, in step s 6, using the Weighted Fusion method based on focal length, arrived with pixel in overlapping region
The distance of different images focus calculates weights, if O is any point in overlapping region, the focus of two width images is respectively O1、
O2If, OO1The distance between be dw1, OO2The distance between be dw2, then w1And w2Computing formula is:
w2=1-w1
Wherein r is fusion regulatory factor.Focal length is introduced, the distribution of pixel weights is relevant with pixel interdependence, optimizes
Fusion results.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of based on the feature matching method for most preferably splicing plane, using depth information to stitching image
Region division is carried out, is obtained most preferably splicing plane, image to be spliced is converted into reference planes, is overcome at world coordinates conversion
Manage the irrationality of big anaglyph, it is to avoid the excessive tensile in image boundary region distorts.
Using pixel depth information, the accuracy of characteristic matching is improve, improve the precision of transformation matrix.Due to phase
Depth information with the same point obtained under focal length is identical, and therefore depth information can lift coupling essence as the foundation of essence coupling
Degree.
The Weighted Fusion method based on focal length is proposed, splicing effect is effectively improved.Correlation by things
Principle, the nearlyer correlation of distance are bigger, and picture quality is best in focal point, therefore using pixel to the distance of focus as power
The basis for estimation of value can improve fusion results.
Description of the drawings
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below and carries out
Explanation:
Schematic flow sheets of the Fig. 1 for the method for the invention;
Fig. 2 is plane of delineation cut-off rule schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the image-region based on depth information is divided and optimal splicing floor map;
Fig. 4 is space schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is splicing schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
The present invention is broadly divided into three parts, and Part I is found and region segmentation for optimal splicing plane, according to image depth
Degree information divides region to be spliced and obtains the reference planes of image mosaic;Part II is the plane transformation based on reference planes
With local shape factor, be to refer to stitching image to be transformed in reference planes most preferably to splice plane, and treat splicing regions
Extract ORB features;Part III is characterized a registration and is merged with regional area, carries out Feature Points Matching using Hamming distance, and
Smart coupling is carried out in conjunction with depth information and RANSAC algorithms, correction matrix is calculated, using the distance weighted side based on focal length
Method carries out overlapping region fusion, obtains stitching image.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for the invention, comprises the following steps that:
1. the estimation of image depth information is carried out first.
2. the region division based on depth information, when the change for occurring plane in picture material, the depth of image slices vegetarian refreshments
Degree information can also change.According to the image depth information distribution map that step one is estimated to obtain, the intersection of two planes is found,
As shown in Fig. 2 i.e. red dotted line is the cut-off rule of image, image is divided into region to be spliced with non-splicing regions.With two figures
As cut-off rule is that border constitutes reference planes, it is most preferably to splice plane, as shown in Figure 3.
3., most preferably to splice plane as reference, respective cut-off rule is that axle calculates anglec of rotation a, will using perspective transform principle
Image is transformed in reference planes, as shown in Figure 4.Can be obtained according to geometrical relationship,
B=θ (1)
Angle a can be calculated by the subtense angle θ of two cameras then, computing formula is as follows:
4. the ORB feature extractions in region to be spliced, are divided into FAST Corner Detections and feature point description is calculated.Fig. 5 is spelling
Connect schematic diagram.
1) FAST Corner Detections
Image pyramid is initially set up, and then FAST key points is detected at pyramidal each layer, using the FAST- of standard
9 detectors, gray value of the detector detection frame in all pixels adjacent to 16 pixels, if there are continuous 12 or more pixels
Gray value adds (or deducting) detection threshold value T more than (or being less than) center pixel gray value, then this central point is sentenced
It is set to a FAST angle point.The Harris response of key point is calculated again, and the size according to response filters out N number of key point,
As the point for eventually detecting.
2) feature point description is calculated
First, gray scale centre of form C in characteristic point regional area is found, and spy is determined with the direction vector of characteristic point to the centre of form
Levy principal direction a little.The formula of regional area square is:
Then the centre of form is:
The principal direction of FAST angle points is:
θ=arctan (m01,m10) (5)
Then, 5 × 5 subwindow, the ash of comparison window are randomly selected in 31 × 31 pixel regions of feature vertex neighborhood
Degree integration, while choosing n in characteristic point to feature, obtains a 2n matrix:
Using by feature point detection to affine transformation R that determines of principal directionθTo rotating, new Description Matrix is obtained
Sθ:
Then final feature point description is:
gn(p, θ)=fn(p)|(xi,yi)∈Sθ(8)
5. characteristic matching and correction are carried out in the region subject to registration for obtaining.
1) Hamming distance is calculated by the description of characteristic point, while being screened according to the depth information of match point, difference
More than the point of threshold T to excluding, obtain the thick coupling of characteristic point using RANSAC to coupling to carrying out except mistake after, obtain essence
Right with.
2) calculate the transformation matrix of coordinates between image using registering feature point pairs, with left image as reference pair on the right of
Image is corrected.
6. the Weighted Fusion that the lap of splicing regions carries out based on focal length is treated, and method is as follows:
If not in overlapping region, the pixel takes the pixel of respective image to the pixel of fused images, if fusion figure
The pixel of picture is merged in overlapping region after calculating the corresponding weights of different pixels.Realize that formula is as follows:
In formula, I1(x, y) and I2(x, y) is respectively image sequence to be spliced, and I (x, y) is the image after fusion, w1With
w2The weighted value of the corresponding overlapping region of respectively two images to be spliced, w1+w2=1,0 < w1,w2< 1.
Weight calculation method based on focal length is as follows:
If O is any point in overlapping region, the focus of two width images is respectively O1、O2If, OO1The distance between be
dw1, OO2The distance between be dw2, then w1And w2Computing formula is:
w2=1-w1(11)
Wherein r is fusion regulatory factor.Weights according to obtaining merge to registration region, you can obtain finally splicing knot
Really.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme to be described, although logical
Cross above preferred embodiment to be described in detail the present invention, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
In form and various changes are made to which in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of based on the image split-joint method for most preferably splicing plane and local feature, it is characterised in that:The method includes following
Step:
S1:Image depth information is estimated;
S2:Image segmentation is carried out based on depth information, image original image is divided into region to be spliced and non-splicing regions, and with
Two cut-off rules are that side determines optimal splicing plane;
S3:Most preferably to splice plane as reference, respective cut-off rule calculates the anglec of rotation respectively for axle, and image is transformed to reference to flat
In face;
S4:Extract the feature interpretation of FAST characteristic points and characteristic point in region to be spliced;
S5:Calculating Hamming distance carries out Feature Points Matching, using depth information and RANSAC (RANdom Sample
Consensus) algorithm carries out smart coupling, obtains matching double points;
S6:Using the point of registration features calculate transformation matrix, the registration region image after convert, using be based on focus away from
From Weighted Fusion method obtain stitching image.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the image split-joint method for most preferably splicing plane and local feature, it is characterised in that:?
In step S2, region to be spliced is to refer to be divided with image depth information line of demarcation.
3. as claimed in claim 1 based on the image split-joint method for most preferably splicing plane and local feature, it is characterised in that:?
In step S3, the reference planes of image mosaic are not as reference with a certain image to be spliced, but most preferably to splice plane are
With reference to.
4. as claimed in claim 1 based on the image split-joint method for most preferably splicing plane and local feature, it is characterised in that:?
In step S6, using Weighted Fusion method based on focal length, with pixel in overlapping region to different images focus away from
From weights are calculated, if O is any point in overlapping region, the focus of two width images is respectively O1、O2If, OO1The distance between
For dw1, OO2The distance between be dw2, then w1And w2Computing formula is:
w2=1-w1
Wherein r is fusion regulatory factor, introduces focal length, and the distribution of pixel weights is relevant with pixel interdependence, optimizes and melts
Close result.
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CN106991645A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-28 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | Image split-joint method and device |
CN107767330A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-06 | 中电科新型智慧城市研究院有限公司 | A kind of image split-joint method |
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