CN106501777B - Scattering center source diagnostic method based on ray tracing - Google Patents

Scattering center source diagnostic method based on ray tracing Download PDF

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CN106501777B
CN106501777B CN201611131829.0A CN201611131829A CN106501777B CN 106501777 B CN106501777 B CN 106501777B CN 201611131829 A CN201611131829 A CN 201611131829A CN 106501777 B CN106501777 B CN 106501777B
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ray
scattering
target
ejection
point
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CN106501777A (en
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闫华
董天齐
李胜
崔闪
李楠
侯兆国
王超
周伟江
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Beijing Institute of Environmental Features
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/021—Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The scattering center source diagnostic method based on ray tracing is disclosed, electromagnetic property field is belonged to.Described method includes following steps: according to position of the scattering center in target gridding model, coordinate range of the pixel in target three-dimensional image where determining it；Infinite ray is emitted to target gridding model, projectile path of the every ejection ray in target gridding model is obtained, three-dimensional path delay is fallen into the ejection ray of the coordinate range as effective rays；Based on the projectile path of every effective rays, target surface area corresponding to the face element that all effective rays are passed through is as the scattering source of scattering center.The present invention tracks the projectile path of every ejection ray using high-frequency electromagnetic scattering modeling technique, target surface area corresponding to the face element that all effective rays are passed through is as the scattering source of scattering center, obtained scattering source diagnostic message can be directly related to target gridding model, more completely and intuitively, computational efficiency is high for diagnostic result.

Description

Scattering center source diagnostic method based on ray tracing
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetic property fields, in particular to the scattering center source diagnostic method based on ray tracing.
Background technique
Background of related of the invention is illustrated below, but these explanations might not constitute it is of the invention existing Technology.
Theoretical calculation and experiment measurement show that, in high frequency region, the total electromagnetic scattering of target may be considered by certain offices Synthesized by electromagnetic scattering on portion position, the scattering source of these localities is commonly known as equivalent multi-scattering centers, or referred to as Scattering center.Target scattering center is one of the essential characteristic that target is scattered in high frequency region, it is in target scattering characteristics analysis, mesh The fields such as mark Feature extraction and recognition, echo signal high-speed simulation all have important application value.
In target scattering characteristics analysis, the scattering source of target can be diagnosed by scattering center.According in scattering The position of heart distribution, it can be determined that the position of main scattering source on objective body, and then judge the part for causing target mainly to scatter Structure and scattering mechanism.Target scattering center diagnosis can provide important for applications such as target RCS reduction, target physical reproductions Technical support.
The multi-scattering centers of realistic objective are usually in the distribution of a series of isolated point.But according to Electromagnetic Scattering Theory, It is not only related with scattering of the target at the scattering center location point when formation of each scattering center of target has, it is also possible to and The scattering of certain area is all related in target, for example, the main scattering center of the trihedral angle of three orthogonal plates compositions be by Multiple reflections between each certain surface area of plate and formed.Therefore, target scattering center diagnosis can not provide scattering The complete information in source, and completely scatter source-information and need accurately to provide the target for generating contribution to each scattering center The set at all scattering positions in surface.Currently, not yet disclosing the correlation for proposing can be realized this complete scattering source analysis Technology.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose the scattering center source diagnostic method based on ray tracing, can be diagnosed to be complete Scattering source information, diagnostic result is more intuitive, and computational efficiency is higher.
The present invention is based on the scattering center source diagnostic methods of ray tracing, include the following steps:
S1, the position according to scattering center in target gridding model, pixel is in target three-dimensional image where determining it Coordinate range；
S2, infinite ray is emitted to target gridding model, obtains ejection of the every ejection ray in target gridding model Three-dimensional path delay is fallen into the ejection ray of the coordinate range as effective rays by path；The projectile path includes bullet Penetrate the position coordinates of number, the bin number of process and catapult point；
S3, the projectile path based on every effective rays, object table corresponding to the face element that all effective rays are passed through Scattering source of the face region as the scattering center.
Preferably, it includes: for every that projectile path of the every ejection ray in target gridding model is obtained in step S2 Root launches ray:
The light reflection law of initial incidence angle and geometrical optics approach GO based on ejection ray determines that ejection ray exists Incidence angle and angle of reflection in target gridding model on each face element；
According to incidence angle and angle of reflection of the ejection ray on each face element, determine every ejection ray ejection number, The bin number of process and the position coordinates of catapult point.
Preferably, further comprise before step S1: obtaining the scattering center of target as follows:
S01, infinite ray is emitted to target gridding model, obtains ray of the every ejection ray in target gridding model Pipe data, comprising: launch the electric field value of number, the bin number of process, the position coordinates of catapult point and emergent ray；
S02, the true data that ray is launched according to every, determine the scattering of each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image Intensity and three-dimensional path delay fall into the ray tube number of the location of pixels；
S03, the centre bit by scattering strength in target three-dimensional image more than pixel where the extreme point of preset strength threshold value It sets as scattering center, the scattering strength of extreme point is the amplitude of scattering center.
Preferably, step S01 includes:
The light reflection law of initial incidence angle and geometrical optics approach GO based on ejection ray, it is true according to following relationship The position coordinates that launch number, the bin number of process, catapult point of the fixed every ejection ray in target gridding model: θi= θr, θiFor incidence angle of the ejection ray on face element, θrFor angle of reflection of the ejection ray on face element；
The electric field value of indirect ray is determined based on perfact conductor boundary condition:EiIt indicates to enter on face element The electric field strength of ray, ErIndicate the electric field strength of indirect ray on face element,For the direction arrow of reflecting surface normal at reflection point Amount；
Based on emergent ray after the determining last time ejection of far field integral formula of physical optical method to the electricity of receiving direction Field value:
In formula, r is distance of the target-based coordinate system origin to far field scattered field point position, unit m；Es(r) it is dissipated for far field Radio field intensity, unit V/m；J is imaginary unit；K is in-field wave number；To scatter direction unit vector；E0It is last Incident ray electric field strength at catapult point, unit V/m；S0The surface area illuminated for the ray of target surface；r′ For S0In any position vector, dS' be the place r ' Line Integral infinitesimal；The Z-direction of target-based coordinate system is radar line of sight direction.
Preferably, step S02 includes:
The true data that ray is launched according to every, determines ejection ray each pixel in target three-dimensional image Scattering strength；
For each pixel in target three-dimensional image, all ejections of the location of pixels are fallen into three-dimensional path delay Ray is summed in the scattering strength of the location of pixels, obtains the scattering strength of each pixel in target three-dimensional image.
Preferably, the true data for launching ray to every carries out frequency domain and angular domain Fourier integral, obtains penetrating The scattering strength of line each position in target three-dimensional image.
Preferably, the scattering strength of each position meets following relationship in target three-dimensional image:
In formula, Image3D (x, y, z) is the scattering strength in target three-dimensional image at (x, y, z), unit V/m；Z is Radial distance, x be orientation lateral distance, y be pitching to lateral distance, unit m；ziTo be clicked and entered relative to phase zero Ray postpones in radial total distance, xiPostpone for the lateral distance of orientation, yiFor pitching to lateral distance delay, it is single Position is m.
Preferably, the lateral distance of orientation postpones xiIt is horizontal for first time catapult point in orientation and last time catapult point To the average value of distance, pitching to lateral distance postpone yiFor first time catapult point and the last time catapult point cross of pitching up To the average value of distance.
Preferably, step S03 includes:
For each peak point in target three-dimensional image, according to sequence from big to small respectively according to following formula to working as Scattering point near previous peaks point is iterated:
(Residual Image3D)n+1=(Residual Image3D)n-[Anh(x-xn,y-yn,z-zn)]
In formula, (Residual Image3D)nFor peak point (xn,yn,zn) at scattering strength, (Residual Image3D)n+1Scattering strength near present peak value point at (x, y, z), AnFor the scattering strength of present peak value point, unit is V/m；N is the number of iterations；
As (Residual Image3D)n+1When less than preset iteration threshold, stop iteration, rejects scattering strength and be less than The scattering point of the iteration threshold obtains rejecting the scattering center after clutter.
The present invention scatters modeling technique using high-frequency electromagnetic, emits infinite ray to target gridding model and obtains every bullet Three-dimensional path delay is fallen into the ejection ray of pixel region where scattering center as effectively penetrating by the projectile path of ray Line, target surface area corresponding to the face element that all effective rays are passed through are obtained as the scattering source of scattering center Scattering source diagnostic message can be directly related to target gridding model, diagnostic result more completely and intuitively, computational efficiency height.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment part provided and referring to the drawings, the features and advantages of the present invention will become more It is readily appreciated that, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the scattering center source diagnostic method the present invention is based on ray tracing；
Fig. 2 is the generating principle schematic diagram for showing true data of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.Illustrative embodiments are retouched It states merely for the sake of demonstration purpose, and is definitely not to the present invention and its application or the limitation of usage.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the scattering center source diagnostic method the present invention is based on ray tracing.It is dissipated to determine Hit the position of the heart, the present invention position first according to scattering center in target gridding model in step sl determines its institute In position of the pixel in target three-dimensional image.Due to a pixel not instead of point, an image-region, therefore in the present invention With position of the pixel in target three-dimensional image where coordinate range characterization scattering center of the pixel in target three-dimensional image.
Modeling technique is scattered using high-frequency electromagnetic in step S2, infinite ray is emitted to target gridding model, obtains every Projectile path of the ray in target gridding model is launched, including ejection number, the bin number of process and the position of catapult point Coordinate.Face element refers to that a facet or curved surface in target gridding model, multiple face elements constitute target gridding model, face element Size can require to be designed according to radar test precision and other diagnosis.
It when infinite ray is incident on the face element of target gridding model, is launched on the face element, a part of light hair Raw to reflect to form indirect ray, each indirect ray can be incident on another face element as incident ray, as shown in Figure 2. In the projectile path of record ejection ray, the face element that every ejection ray successively passes through can be pressed along ray projectile path It is numbered according to ascending order, ejection ray is every to pass through a face element, and the number for launching ray increases once.It is parallel by tracking every The bin number that ray is incident on ejection number and process after target gridding model can be obtained the institute by each face element There are the position coordinates of ejection ray and catapult point.For ease of description, three-dimensional path delay is fallen into scattering center institute by the present invention Pixel coordinate range ejection ray as effective rays.The formation of scattering center is that have by face element where scattering center Multiple reflections of all effective rays on multiple face elements that it passes through and formed, therefore, can be based on every in step S3 Target surface area corresponding to the face element that the projectile path of root effective rays passes through all effective rays is as scattering center Scattering source.
Position of the pixel in target three-dimensional image where the present invention determines scattering center in step sl, in step S2 really Determine the effective rays of the coordinate range of pixel where three-dimensional path delay falls into scattering center.Those skilled in the art should manage Solution, during practical diagnosis, the sequence of step S1 and step S2 can also be overturned.
The present invention scatters modeling technique using high-frequency electromagnetic, according to pixel where scattering center in target three-dimensional image The projectile path of obtain the every ejection ray in position and tracking diagnoses the scattering source information of scattering center, and what is obtained dissipates Penetrating source diagnostic message can be directly related to target gridding model, and more completely and intuitively, computational efficiency is high for diagnostic result.
In some embodiments, projectile path packet of the every ejection ray in target gridding model is obtained in step S2 It includes: for every ejection ray: the light reflection law of initial incidence angle and geometrical optics approach GO based on ejection ray, really Surely incidence angle and angle of reflection of the ejection ray on each face element；According to incidence angle and reflection of the ejection ray on each face element Angle determines ejection number, the bin number of process and the position coordinates of catapult point of every ejection ray, as shown in Figure 2.
In order to accurately obtain each scattering center of target, the integrality of scattering center and its scattering source, step S1 are improved It may further include before: obtaining the scattering center of target as follows:
S01, infinite ray is emitted to target gridding model, obtains ray of the every ejection ray in target gridding model Pipe data, comprising: launch the electric field value of number, the bin number of process, the position coordinates of catapult point and emergent ray；
S02, the true data that ray is launched according to every, determine the scattering strength of each pixel in target three-dimensional image The ray tube number of the location of pixels is fallen into three-dimensional path delay；
S03, the centre bit by scattering strength in target three-dimensional image more than pixel where the extreme point of preset strength threshold value It sets as scattering center, the scattering strength of extreme point is the amplitude of scattering center.
Fig. 2 shows the generating principle schematic diagrames of true data of the present invention.Target is obtained using method of the invention to dissipate The heart is hit, needs to obtain the true data of every ejection ray.When the scattering source to scattering center diagnoses, by anti- It can be obtained all effective of location of pixels range where falling into scattering center to the true data of every ejection ray of tracking All face elements that ray and every effective rays pass through, simplify data processing step, greatly reduce data processing amount.It is preferred that Ground, step S01 include:
The light reflection law of initial incidence angle and geometrical optics approach GO based on ejection ray, it is true according to following relationship The position coordinates that launch number, the bin number of process, catapult point of the fixed every ejection ray in target gridding model: θi= θr, θiFor incidence angle of the ejection ray on face element, θrFor angle of reflection of the ejection ray on face element；
The electric field value of indirect ray is determined based on perfact conductor boundary condition:EiIt indicates to enter on face element The electric field strength of ray, ErIndicate the electric field strength of indirect ray on face element,For the direction arrow of reflecting surface normal at reflection point Amount；
Based on emergent ray after the determining last time ejection of far field integral formula of physical optical method PO to receiving direction Electric field value:
In formula, r is distance of the target-based coordinate system origin to far field scattered field point position, unit m；Es(r) it is dissipated for far field Radio field intensity, unit V/m；J is imaginary unit；K is in-field wave number；To scatter direction unit vector；E0It is last Incident ray electric field strength at catapult point, unit V/m；S0The surface area illuminated for the ray of target surface；r′ For S0In any position vector, dS' be the place r ' Line Integral infinitesimal；The Z-direction of target-based coordinate system is radar line of sight direction.
In some embodiments, step S02 includes: the true data that ray is launched according to every, determines the ejection The scattering strength of ray each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image；For each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image, All ejection rays for falling into the location of pixels to three-dimensional path delay are summed in the scattering strength of the location of pixels, are obtained The scattering strength of each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image.Preferably, can to every launch ray true data into Line frequency domain and angular domain Fourier integral obtain the scattering strength of ejection ray each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image.
In the present invention, the scattering strength of each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image can be determined according to following relationship:
In formula, Image3D (x, y, z) is the scattering strength in target three-dimensional image at (x, y, z), unit V/m；Z is Radial distance, x be orientation lateral distance, y be pitching to lateral distance, unit m；ziTo be clicked and entered relative to phase zero Ray postpones in radial total distance, xiPostpone for the lateral distance of orientation, yiFor pitching to lateral distance delay, it is single Position is m.
Preferably, the lateral distance of orientation postpones xiIt is horizontal for first time catapult point in orientation and last time catapult point To the average value of distance, pitching to lateral distance postpone yiFor first time catapult point and the last time catapult point cross of pitching up To the average value of distance.
It obtains in target three-dimensional image after the scattering strength of each location of pixels, can directly be less than scattering strength etc. It is rejected in the coordinate position of preset strength threshold value, to quickly and easily obtain each scattering center of target.Due to three-dimensional image Each peak point near standard compliant ideal point scattering source point spread function, therefore for every in target three-dimensional image A peak point respectively can also carry out the scattering point near present peak value point according to following formula according to sequence from big to small Iteration:
(Residual Image3D)n+1=(Residual Image3D)n-[Anh(x-xn,y-yn,z-zn)]
In formula, (Residual Image3D)nFor peak point (xn,yn,zn) at scattering strength, (Residual Image3D)n+1Scattering strength near present peak value point at (x, y, z), AnFor the scattering strength of present peak value point, unit is V/m；N is the number of iterations；
As (Residual Image3D)n+1When less than preset iteration threshold, stop iteration, rejects scattering strength and be less than The scattering point of the iteration threshold obtains rejecting the scattering center after clutter.Target can be completely obtained in this way Scattering center, prevent peak point or peak point from nearby extending as caused by imaging and be scattering center by misdescription.
Diagnostic method from tradition based on RCS data imaging or scattering centers extraction is different, and the present invention is due to using height Frequency electromagnetic scattering modeling technique, obtained scattering source diagnostic message can be directly related to target geometrical model, thus result is more For it is complete with it is intuitive, and computational efficiency is also higher.This method has important engineering application value, can be applied to realize target Character control utilizes target RCS decrement and target physical reproduction of Shape design etc..
Although referring to illustrative embodiments, invention has been described, but it is to be understood that the present invention does not limit to The specific embodiment that Yu Wenzhong is described in detail and shows, without departing from claims limited range, this Field technical staff can make various changes to the illustrative embodiments.

Claims (8)

1. the scattering center source diagnostic method based on ray tracing, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
S1, the position according to scattering center in target gridding model, seat of the pixel in target three-dimensional image where determining it Mark range；
S2, infinite ray is emitted to target gridding model, obtains projectile path of the every ejection ray in target gridding model, Three-dimensional path delay is fallen into the ejection ray of the coordinate range as effective rays；The projectile path includes ejection time The position coordinates of number, the bin number passed through and catapult point；
S3, the projectile path based on every effective rays, target surface area corresponding to the face element that all effective rays are passed through Scattering source of the domain as the scattering center；
Wherein, the scattering center of target is obtained as follows:
S01, infinite ray is emitted to target gridding model, obtains ray tube number of the every ejection ray in target gridding model According to, comprising: launch the electric field value of number, the bin number of process, the position coordinates of catapult point and emergent ray；
S02, the true data that ray is launched according to every, determine the scattering strength of each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image The ray tube number of the location of pixels is fallen into three-dimensional path delay；
S03, the center by scattering strength in target three-dimensional image more than pixel where the extreme point of preset strength threshold value are made For scattering center, the scattering strength of extreme point is the amplitude of scattering center.
2. scattering center source as described in claim 1 diagnostic method, which is characterized in that obtain every in step S2 and penetrate Projectile path of the line in target gridding model includes: for every ejection ray:
The light reflection law of initial incidence angle and geometrical optics approach GO based on ejection ray determines ejection ray in target Incidence angle and angle of reflection in grid model on each face element；
According to incidence angle and angle of reflection of the ejection ray on each face element, determines the ejection number of every ejection ray, passes through Bin number and catapult point position coordinates.
3. scattering center source as described in claim 1 diagnostic method, which is characterized in that step S01 includes:
The light reflection law of initial incidence angle and geometrical optics approach GO based on ejection ray, determines every according to following relationship Root launches the position coordinates that launch number, the bin number of process, catapult point of the ray in target gridding model: θi=θr, θi For incidence angle of the ejection ray on face element, θrFor angle of reflection of the ejection ray on face element；
The electric field value of indirect ray is determined based on perfact conductor boundary condition:EiIndicate that incidence is penetrated on face element The electric field strength of line, ErIndicate the electric field strength of indirect ray on face element,For the direction vector of reflecting surface normal at reflection point；
Based on emergent ray after the determining last time ejection of far field integral formula of physical optical method to the electric field value of receiving direction:
In formula, r is distance of the target-based coordinate system origin to far field scattered field point position, unit m；EsIt (r) is far field scattering electric field Intensity, unit V/m；J is imaginary unit；K is in-field wave number；To scatter direction unit vector；E0For last time bullet Incident ray electric field strength at exit point, unit V/m；S0The surface area illuminated for the ray of target surface；R ' is S0In Any position vector, dS' are the Line Integral infinitesimal at the place r '；The Z-direction of target-based coordinate system is radar line of sight direction.
4. scattering center source as described in claim 1 diagnostic method, which is characterized in that step S02 includes:
The true data that ray is launched according to every, determines ejection ray each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image Scattering strength；
For each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image, all ejections of the location of pixels are fallen into three-dimensional path delay Ray is summed in the scattering strength of the location of pixels, obtains the scattering strength of each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image.
5. scattering center source as claimed in claim 4 diagnostic method, which is characterized in that launch every the ray tube of ray Data carry out frequency domain and angular domain Fourier integral, and the scattering for obtaining ejection ray each location of pixels in target three-dimensional image is strong Degree.
6. scattering center source as claimed in claim 5 diagnostic method, which is characterized in that each position in target three-dimensional image Scattering strength meet following relationship:
In formula, Image3D (x, y, z) is the scattering strength in target three-dimensional image at (x, y, z), unit V/m；Z is radial Distance, x be orientation lateral distance, y be pitching to lateral distance, unit m；ziTo be penetrated relative to phase zero point incidence Line postpones in radial total distance, xiPostpone for the lateral distance of orientation, yiFor pitching to lateral distance delay, unit is m。
7. scattering center source as claimed in claim 6 diagnostic method, which is characterized in that the lateral distance of orientation postpones xi For the average value of first time catapult point in orientation and last time catapult point lateral distance, pitching to lateral distance postpone yi For the average value of pitch up first time catapult point and last time catapult point lateral distance.
8. scattering center source as claimed in claim 7 diagnostic method, which is characterized in that step S03 includes:
For each peak point in target three-dimensional image, according to sequence from big to small respectively according to following formula to working as leading peak Scattering point near value point is iterated:
(Residual Image3D)n+1=(Residual Image3D)n-[Anh(x-xn,y-yn,z-zn)]
In formula, (Residual Image3D)nFor peak point (xn,yn,zn) at scattering strength, (Residual Image3D)n+1 Scattering strength near present peak value point at (x, y, z), AnFor the scattering strength of present peak value point, unit V/m；N is repeatedly Generation number；
As (Residual Image3D)n+1When less than preset iteration threshold, stop iteration, rejects scattering strength less than described The scattering point of iteration threshold obtains rejecting the scattering center after clutter.
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CN108594196B (en) * 2018-04-28 2020-07-03 北京环境特性研究所 Method and device for extracting parameters of target scattering center
CN110083915B (en) * 2019-04-22 2022-08-19 武汉大学 Forward automatic modeling method for radar target scattering center in high-frequency region
CN117706490B (en) * 2024-02-06 2024-05-17 南京理工大学 Method for modeling coupling scattering center between metal targets based on single-station radar

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